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Describing Data in Image Format: Proposal of a Metadata Model and Controlled Vocabularies 以图像格式描述数据:元数据模型和受控词汇表的建议
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2117511
Joana Rodrigues, Carla Teixeira Lopes
Abstract Research data management (RDM) includes people with different needs, specific scientific contexts, and diverse requirements. The description is a big challenge in the domain of RDM. Metadata plays an essential role, allowing the inclusion of essential information for the interpretation of data, enhances the reuse of data and its preservation. The establishment of metadata models can facilitate the process of description and contribute to an improvement in the quality of metadata. When we talk about image data, the task is even more difficult, as there are no explicit recommendations to guide image management. In this work, we present a proposal for a metadata model for image description. To validate the model, we followed an experiment of data description, where eleven participants described images from their research projects, using a metadata model proposed. The experiment shows that participants do not have formal practices for describing their imagery data. Yet, they provided valuable contributions and recommendations to the final definition of a metadata model for image description, to date nonexistent. We also developed controlled vocabularies for some descriptors. These vocabularies aim to improve the image description process, facilitate metadata model interpretation, and reduce the time and effort devoted to data description.
研究数据管理(RDM)涉及不同需求、特定科学背景和不同需求的人员。在RDM领域,描述是一个很大的挑战。元数据起着至关重要的作用,它允许包含用于解释数据的基本信息,增强了数据的重用和保存。元数据模型的建立可以简化描述过程,有助于提高元数据的质量。当我们谈论图像数据时,任务更加困难,因为没有明确的建议来指导图像管理。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个用于图像描述的元数据模型的建议。为了验证该模型,我们进行了数据描述实验,其中11名参与者使用提出的元数据模型描述了他们研究项目中的图像。实验表明,参与者没有正式的实践来描述他们的图像数据。然而,他们为图像描述的元数据模型的最终定义提供了有价值的贡献和建议,但迄今为止还不存在。我们还为一些描述符开发了受控词汇表。这些词汇表旨在改进图像描述过程,促进元数据模型解释,减少用于数据描述的时间和精力。
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引用次数: 1
Dr Norman Paskin (1954–2016): An Appreciation 诺曼·帕斯金博士(1954-2016):欣赏
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-27 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2115769
Stel Eforgan, Jung-ran Park
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引用次数: 0
Application and Integration of VIAF and OCLC FAST with Koha, VuFind, and Google CSE VIAF和OCLC FAST与Koha、VuFind和Google CSE的应用和集成
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2103346
S. Saha, S. Mandal
Abstract The purpose of Digital Library system is collection of electronic objects. The “authorities” module runs the entire mechanism for fetching the authority data from the remote server. The study explores mechanisms for integration activities behind the authority control and practical evaluation. This study has been done on the publicly accessible online library OPAC through Google Form tools. It demonstrates that all authority control tools can manage several headings than just one or a few. The research seeks explanation through systematically searching observations of Online OPAC databases for studies of authority control. According to the findings, AuthorityBox is a Koha add-on that enhances the system's functionality. It complies with VIAF identifiers and other MARC21 authority data to compliance with RDA Cataloguing Guidelines. The open source integrated library system Koha enables easy authority import into the ILS-OPAC search engine. Statistically, Haringhata Mahavidyalaya, West Bengal, India used the most authority terms, with 24,820 personal names and 53,256 topical terms. This study reviews the many recommendations and techniques for designing a library discovery authority framework. It also focuses on the software and standards for integrating VIAF with Koha, VuFind, and Google Custom Search Engine for importing authority data from other libraries via the Z39.50 server.
数字图书馆系统的目的是收集电子对象。“authorities”模块运行从远程服务器获取授权数据的整个机制。本研究探讨了权威控制和实践评估背后的整合活动机制。本研究是通过Google表单工具对可公开访问的在线图书馆OPAC进行的。它表明,所有权限控制工具都可以管理多个标题,而不仅仅是一个或几个标题。该研究通过系统地搜索在线OPAC数据库的观察结果来寻求解释,以研究权限控制。根据调查结果,AuthorityBox是一个增强系统功能的Koha附加组件。它符合VIAF标识符和其他MARC21权威数据,以符合RDA编目指南。开源集成图书馆系统Koha可以轻松地将权限导入到ILS-OPAC搜索引擎中。据统计,印度西孟加拉邦的Haringhata Mahavidyalaya使用的权威术语最多,有24,820个人名和53256个话题术语。本研究回顾了设计图书馆发现权限框架的许多建议和技术。本文还重点介绍了用于将VIAF与Koha、VuFind和Google Custom Search Engine集成的软件和标准,以便通过Z39.50服务器从其他库导入授权数据。
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引用次数: 1
One Concept, One Term, Good Practice but How to Achieve? —Improving Facet Values Quality for Samuel Proctor Oral History Collection, Hosted by the University of Florida Digital Collections 一个概念,一个术语,良好的实践,但如何实现?-改善Samuel Proctor口述历史收藏的面值质量,由佛罗里达大学数字馆藏主持
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2096385
Xiaoli Ma
Abstract Faceted search, also known as dynamic taxonomies, is a popular feature applied to digital collection sites. Appearing as clickable labels, facets facilitate search result refinement and content browsing. To achieve the utmost efficiency, faceted search requires each facet value to represent a single concept–that is, one controlled vocabulary term represents one concept. However, in reality, this status is hard to achieve. An example of this can be seen in the digital collection of Samuel Proctor Oral History Program, a high-profile international resource hosted by the University of Florida Digital Collections. The Topical Subject and Genre terms appear with many vocabulary control issues: the same concept is often expressed with different terms; the same term appears with different spelling variations; and/or outdated terms mingle with more up-to-date ones. Additionally, compound terms that represent multiple concepts prohibit the grouping of content that share individual concepts. In short, a great deal of improvement will be needed to optimize the faceted search. To address these issues, the Digital Support Services department of the George A. Smathers Libraries at the University of Florida launched a pilot metadata remediation project using an out-of-box product – Oxygen XML Editor. This article, in addition to providing one more metadata remediation case study, traces the discussions around metadata quality and analyses the general metadata remediation process. Moreover, this article enriches the discussion of vocabulary control in relation to a core function of digital collection sites–faceted search.
分面搜索,也称为动态分类法,是应用于数字馆藏网站的一种流行功能。facet以可点击标签的形式出现,方便了搜索结果的细化和内容浏览。为了达到最高效率,分面搜索要求每个面值表示一个概念——即一个受控词汇表术语表示一个概念。然而,在现实中,这种状态很难实现。这方面的一个例子可以在塞缪尔·普罗克特口述历史项目的数字馆藏中看到,这是一个由佛罗里达大学数字馆藏主办的备受瞩目的国际资源。主题词和体裁词在词汇控制方面存在诸多问题:同一概念往往用不同的词来表达;相同的术语有不同的拼写变化;而且/或者过时的术语与最新的术语混杂在一起。此外,表示多个概念的复合术语禁止对共享单个概念的内容进行分组。简而言之,优化分面搜索需要大量的改进。为了解决这些问题,佛罗里达大学George a . Smathers图书馆的数字支持服务部启动了一个试点元数据修复项目,该项目使用了一个开箱即用的产品——Oxygen XML Editor。本文除了提供另一个元数据修复案例研究之外,还跟踪了围绕元数据质量的讨论,并分析了一般的元数据修复过程。此外,本文还丰富了与数字收藏站点的核心功能——分面搜索——相关的词汇表控制的讨论。
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引用次数: 3
Numismatics & Bibliographic Description: How Rutgers University Libraries Described Coins with MODS 钱币与书目描述:罗格斯大学图书馆如何用MODS描述硬币
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2051979
Annamarie C. Klose, Scott Goldstein, Morris S. Levy
Abstract Realia pose challenges when utilizing bibliographic metadata standards. Rutgers University Libraries, in collaboration with Rutgers University’s Classics Department, created a large digital library collection of ancient Roman coins in RUcore, Rutgers University’s Community Repository. RUcore records use Metadata Object Description Standard (MODS) for descriptive metadata and many custom fields. Therefore, it was necessary to adapt numismatic description to fit this structure. During the planning stage of the project, Numismatic Description Standard (NUDS), a numismatic database standard implemented and maintained by the American Numismatic Society (ANS), and VRA Core, an art-centered XML metadata standard created by the Visual Resources Association, provided valuable insights. However, this project faced challenges in terms of interoperability and time constraints that required altering the team’s approach to this unique set of resources in a digital library environment. Key issues were encoding B.C.E. dates in a machine-readable format for optimal searching and browsing, developing local controlled vocabularies, providing subject access to the iconography on coins, and the research-intensive work of metadata description. This article provides “how to” information, as well as a critical analysis of lessons learned and opportunities for improvement as the linked data landscape has changed both bibliographic and numismatic description.
摘要书目元数据标准的应用面临诸多挑战。罗格斯大学图书馆与罗格斯大学古典学系合作,在罗格斯大学社区储存库RUcore中创建了一个大型古罗马硬币数字图书馆。RUcore记录使用元数据对象描述标准(Metadata Object Description Standard, MODS)来描述元数据和许多自定义字段。因此,有必要调整货币描述以适应这种结构。在项目的规划阶段,钱币描述标准(NUDS),一个由美国钱币协会(ANS)实施和维护的钱币数据库标准,以及VRA Core,一个由视觉资源协会创建的以艺术为中心的XML元数据标准,提供了有价值的见解。然而,这个项目面临着互操作性和时间限制方面的挑战,这需要改变团队在数字图书馆环境中处理这一独特资源集的方法。关键问题是用机器可读的格式对公元前日期进行编码,以实现最佳的搜索和浏览,开发本地控制的词汇表,为主题提供对硬币上的图像的访问,以及对元数据描述的研究密集型工作。本文提供了“如何做”的信息,以及对经验教训和改进机会的批判性分析,因为链接数据格局已经改变了书目和货币描述。
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引用次数: 1
Metadata and Semantics Metadata: Contemporary Discussions in the Digital Context 元数据与语义元数据:数字语境下的当代讨论
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-07 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2058306
Ednéia Silva Santos Rocha, Fabiano Ferreira de Castro, Ana Carolina Simionato Arakaki
Abstract This article discusses the international scientific panorama on semantic metadata using bibliometric indicators and the positioning of Information Science concerning the theme. Bibliographic research and bibliometric studies provided the opportunity to identify indicators of scientific production on semantic metadata to show how this theme is addressed in the international scenario. Bibliometric indicators on semantic metadata are presented as results related to annual production, areas of knowledge, types of documents, main sources of publication and keyword clustering analysis. It can be concluded that the bibliographic production on semantic metadata is still not significant in the Information Science research agendas, which presupposes the development of research that considers theoretical and methodological constructs on semantic metadata in the current technological context.
摘要本文运用文献计量学指标探讨了语义元数据的国际科学概况,以及情报学对语义元数据主题的定位。书目研究和文献计量学研究提供了确定关于语义元数据的科学生产指标的机会,以显示如何在国际情景中处理这一主题。语义元数据的文献计量指标以与年产量、知识领域、文献类型、主要出版来源和关键字聚类分析相关的结果呈现。可以得出结论,基于语义元数据的书目制作在信息科学研究议程中仍然不重要,这要求在当前技术背景下考虑基于语义元数据的理论和方法构建的研究发展。
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引用次数: 0
Term Circles: Using Linked Data as a Tool to Mitigate Colonial Subject Bias 术语圈:使用关联数据作为减轻群体主体偏见的工具
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2051980
F. Knight
Abstract This paper considers the Canadian Federation of Library Associations (CFLA) recommendation to “decolonize library access and classification” and begins by exploring the difficulty involved when addressing this recommendation working from within a colonial institution that represents a colonial worldview. It compares general characteristics of Western and Indigenous worldviews and considers the affect that these perspectives have on the organization of knowledge and information especially in relation to a controlled subject vocabulary like the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). It presents the “term circle” as a way to mitigate colonial biases by creating a hybrid subject language system using SKOS RDF/XML in a linked data context. This hybrid system facilitates Indigenous community participation in the control and development of subject metadata and suggests a new role for library metadata.
本文考虑了加拿大图书馆协会联合会(CFLA)关于“非殖民化图书馆访问和分类”的建议,并首先探讨了在一个代表殖民世界观的殖民机构内解决这一建议所涉及的困难。它比较了西方和土著世界观的一般特征,并考虑了这些观点对知识和信息组织的影响,特别是与国会图书馆主题标题(LCSH)等受控主题词汇相关的影响。它通过在链接数据上下文中使用SKOS RDF/XML创建混合主题语言系统,将“术语圈”作为一种减轻群体偏见的方法。这种混合系统促进了土著社区参与主题元数据的控制和发展,并为图书馆元数据提出了新的角色。
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引用次数: 0
Comparisons of Aboutness of OCLC FAST Headings and IMDb “Plot Keywords” for Documentary Films 纪录片OCLC FAST标题与IMDb“情节关键词”相关性比较
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2056408
Christopher Dieckman
Abstract This study analyzed OCLC Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) headings and Internet Movie Database (IMDb) “plot keywords” for a shared set of documentary films to determine how well the aboutness identified by the former was reproduced by the latter. A randomized list of documentary films held at the Iowa State University Library, a large academic research library, was created. The FAST headings were compared to each “plot keyword” used in the corresponding IMDb record to determine if they met one or more of the match types defined for this study: exact match, close match, broad match, narrow match, and closely-related match. In total, 604 FAST headings from 100 OCLC records were analyzed. This data was used to calculate breakdowns of average recall and average precision evaluating the IMDb records using the OCLC records. This study found that relatively little of the aboutness expressed by FAST headings was represented by the “plot keywords” in the corresponding IMDb records. The average recall and average precision of the IMDb records, judged as an attempt to reproduce the FAST headings, was 23.38% and 18.89%, respectively. By comparing OCLC and IMDb subject metadata for documentary films, this study advances scholarship on the relationship between professionally-created and user-created metadata.
摘要本研究分析了OCLC对一组共享纪录片的主题术语(FAST)标题和互联网电影数据库(IMDb)“情节关键词”的面形应用,以确定前者识别的关于性被后者复制的程度。在爱荷华州立大学图书馆(一个大型学术研究图书馆)中,随机创建了一个纪录片列表。将FAST标题与相应IMDb记录中使用的每个“情节关键字”进行比较,以确定它们是否满足为本研究定义的一种或多种匹配类型:精确匹配、紧密匹配、广泛匹配、狭窄匹配和密切相关匹配。总共分析了来自100条OCLC记录的604个FAST标题。该数据用于计算使用OCLC记录评估IMDb记录的平均查全率和平均查准率的细分。本研究发现,在相应的IMDb记录中,FAST标题所表达的有关度很少被“plot keywords”所代表。IMDb记录的平均查全率和平均查准率分别为23.38%和18.89%。通过比较OCLC和IMDb的纪录片主题元数据,本研究推进了专业创建元数据和用户创建元数据之间关系的研究。
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引用次数: 0
An Assessment of Spelling and Typographical Errors in WebOPAC of Academic Libraries 学术图书馆WebOPAC中拼写和排版错误的评估
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2051978
Vinit Kumar, Sharad Maurya, Gopal Ji
Abstract WebOPAC serves as a discovery tool to let users discover and ascertain the availability of an item in the stacks of a library. To make searching more efficient and effective there is a need to eliminate the typographical errors which may be present in library catalogue. Typographical errors in the bibliographic data are of high concern as it affects the discoverability of items. Similarly, the identification of erroneous records is a challenge in large bibliographic databases. The present work attempts to assess the typographical errors in the WebOPAC of Sayajirao Gaekwad Library of Banaras Hindu University using Terry Ballard’s typographical error terms list. Simple random sampling is used to select a hundred terms from each section of Ballard’s list. The WebOPAC was searched to find matched erroneous records. The findings of the study showed that out of 500 queried erroneous terms, 131 terms retrieved 889 records averaging an overall rate of 6.78 erroneous records per error. Moreover, a part-of-speech wise analysis showed that most errors in the bibliographic records were found to be in the case of nouns and proper nouns, while the least records were retrieved for technical terms. The study has implications for libraries wishing to improve the quality of the bibliographic data in the records of their WebOPACs.
WebOPAC作为一种发现工具,让用户发现和确定图书馆中某个项目的可用性。为了使检索更有效率,有必要消除图书馆目录中可能出现的印刷错误。书目数据中的排版错误是人们高度关注的问题,因为它影响了项目的可发现性。同样,在大型书目数据库中,错误记录的识别也是一项挑战。本研究试图利用Terry Ballard的印刷错误术语表来评估Banaras印度教大学Sayajirao Gaekwad图书馆的WebOPAC中的印刷错误。使用简单随机抽样从巴拉德列表的每个部分中选择100个术语。搜索WebOPAC以查找匹配的错误记录。研究结果表明,在500个查询的错误术语中,131个术语检索了889条记录,平均每个错误的总错误率为6.78条。此外,词性分析表明,在书目记录中发现的大多数错误是在名词和专有名词方面,而在专业术语方面检索到的记录最少。该研究对希望提高其webopac记录中书目数据质量的图书馆具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 1
A Proposed Arabic Monolingual Web-Based Terminology Management System 一种阿拉伯语单语网络术语管理系统
Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/19386389.2022.2042168
Sherine Eid
Abstract Arabic controlled vocabularies do not differ from all other controlled vocabularies as far as basic features are concerned, however they do bear a number of shortcomings, which have limited their effectiveness dissemination. These include the lack of adaptations to Arab-specific applications, and the failure of terms to connote the content of subject areas easily and consistently. Besides, differences and variability in terminology and syntax cause problems in cross-domain or cross-system interoperability. In addition, Existing software is unequipped to service Arabic-speaking libraries in such a way that allows them to be technologically comparable with modern libraries around the world, thus limiting their integration into the international library community. This technological shortcoming also limits the ease by which they are able to make knowledge resources attainable to researchers and other library users. This article proposes a framework for a monolingual web-based terminology management system that operates in Arabic and supports the use of Arabic controlled vocabularies. This article is based on ISO 26162:2012 Systems to manage terminology, knowledge and content — Design, implementation and maintenance of terminology management systems.
阿拉伯语控制词汇在基本特征上与其他所有控制词汇并无区别,但也存在一些不足,限制了其有效传播。这些问题包括缺乏针对阿拉伯特定应用的调整,以及术语不能容易和一致地包含主题领域的内容。此外,术语和语法的差异和可变性导致了跨领域或跨系统的互操作性问题。此外,现有的软件无法为讲阿拉伯语的图书馆提供服务,从而使它们在技术上与世界各地的现代图书馆相媲美,从而限制了它们与国际图书馆社区的整合。这一技术缺陷也限制了他们向研究人员和其他图书馆用户提供知识资源的便利性。本文提出了一个基于web的单语言术语管理系统的框架,该系统以阿拉伯语运行,并支持使用阿拉伯语控制的词汇表。本文基于ISO 26162:2012管理术语、知识和内容的系统-术语管理系统的设计、实施和维护。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Library Metadata
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