Globally, chronic wounds impose a notable burden to patients and healthcare systems. Such non-healing wounds are readily subjected to bacteria that provoke inflammation and hence challenge the healing process. Furthermore, bacteria induce infection impeding re-epithelialization and collagen synthesis, thereby increasing hospital stay and costs. Appropriate wound dressing materials alleviate the infection incidence and accelerate the healing process. In this regard, biopolymeric nanofibers show promising potential for prevention of infection and promotion of the healing rate. They are biocompatible and mostly biodegradable and biomimic the extracellular matrix structure. Also, they provide a high surface area, surface nanoporosity, and the ability to deliver drugs and antibiotics locally into the wound milieu. Drug delivery by nanofibers has proved efficient in the control of infection. Yet, due to emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, there is an urgent need to replacing the antibiotic delivery systems with other reliable options such as bionanohybrids containing antimicrobial nanoparticles/ions, nature-derived compounds and biofunctional agents. Here, the most recent (since 2015) developments of antimicrobial biopolymeric nanofibrous wound dressings, particularly those based on bionanohybrids, are reviewed and evaluated in terms of antimicrobial efficiency. Lastly, the prospects and challenges are discussed to draw a roadmap for further progresses in this area.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Biohybrid Nanofibrous Wound Dressings","authors":"S. Homaeigohar, A. Boccaccini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3490423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3490423","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, chronic wounds impose a notable burden to patients and healthcare systems. Such non-healing wounds are readily subjected to bacteria that provoke inflammation and hence challenge the healing process. Furthermore, bacteria induce infection impeding re-epithelialization and collagen synthesis, thereby increasing hospital stay and costs. Appropriate wound dressing materials alleviate the infection incidence and accelerate the healing process. In this regard, biopolymeric nanofibers show promising potential for prevention of infection and promotion of the healing rate. They are biocompatible and mostly biodegradable and biomimic the extracellular matrix structure. Also, they provide a high surface area, surface nanoporosity, and the ability to deliver drugs and antibiotics locally into the wound milieu. Drug delivery by nanofibers has proved efficient in the control of infection. Yet, due to emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria, there is an urgent need to replacing the antibiotic delivery systems with other reliable options such as bionanohybrids containing antimicrobial nanoparticles/ions, nature-derived compounds and biofunctional agents. Here, the most recent (since 2015) developments of antimicrobial biopolymeric nanofibrous wound dressings, particularly those based on bionanohybrids, are reviewed and evaluated in terms of antimicrobial efficiency. Lastly, the prospects and challenges are discussed to draw a roadmap for further progresses in this area.","PeriodicalId":390608,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Drug Delivery (Topic)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130871259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maitz, M. Cristina L. Martins, N. Grabow, C. Matschegewski, N. Huang, Elliot L. Chaikof, Mário A. Barbosa, C. Werner, C. Sperling
Biomedical devices in the blood flow disturb the fine-tuned balance of pro- and anti-coagulant factors in blood and vessel wall. Numerous technologies have been suggested to reduce coagulant and inflammatory responses of the body towards the device material, ranging from camouflage effects to permanent activity and further to a responsive interaction with the host systems. However, not all types of modification are suitable for all types of medical products. This review has a focus on application-oriented considerations of hemocompatible surface fittings. Thus, passive versus bioactive modifications are discussed along with the control of protein adsorption, stability of the immobilization, and the type of bioactive substance, biological or synthetic. Further considerations are related to the target system, whether enzymes or cells should be addressed in arterial or venous system, or whether the blood vessel wall is addressed. Recent developments like feedback controlled or self-renewing systems for drug release or addressing cellular regulation pathways of blood platelets and endothelial cells are paradigms for a generation of blood contacting devices, which are hemocompatible by cooperation with the host system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This paper is part 4 of a series of 4 reviews discussing the problem of biomaterial associated thrombogenicity. The objective was to highlight features of broad agreement and provide commentary on those aspects of the problem that were subject to dispute. We hope that future investigators will update these reviews as new scholarship resolves the uncertainties of today.
{"title":"The Blood Compatibility Challenge. Part 4: Surface Modification for Hemocompatible Materials: Passive and Active Approaches to Guide Blood-Material Interactions","authors":"M. Maitz, M. Cristina L. Martins, N. Grabow, C. Matschegewski, N. Huang, Elliot L. Chaikof, Mário A. Barbosa, C. Werner, C. Sperling","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3387675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3387675","url":null,"abstract":"Biomedical devices in the blood flow disturb the fine-tuned balance of pro- and anti-coagulant factors in blood and vessel wall. Numerous technologies have been suggested to reduce coagulant and inflammatory responses of the body towards the device material, ranging from camouflage effects to permanent activity and further to a responsive interaction with the host systems. However, not all types of modification are suitable for all types of medical products. This review has a focus on application-oriented considerations of hemocompatible surface fittings. Thus, passive versus bioactive modifications are discussed along with the control of protein adsorption, stability of the immobilization, and the type of bioactive substance, biological or synthetic. Further considerations are related to the target system, whether enzymes or cells should be addressed in arterial or venous system, or whether the blood vessel wall is addressed. Recent developments like feedback controlled or self-renewing systems for drug release or addressing cellular regulation pathways of blood platelets and endothelial cells are paradigms for a generation of blood contacting devices, which are hemocompatible by cooperation with the host system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This paper is part 4 of a series of 4 reviews discussing the problem of biomaterial associated thrombogenicity. The objective was to highlight features of broad agreement and provide commentary on those aspects of the problem that were subject to dispute. We hope that future investigators will update these reviews as new scholarship resolves the uncertainties of today.","PeriodicalId":390608,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Drug Delivery (Topic)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123168073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hajihosseinloo, Ali Banitalebi Dehkordi, H. Vojoudi, J. Ghasemi, M. K. Rofouei, Alireza Badiei
A green and sensitive analytical procedure by dispersive solid-phase nanoextraction (DSPNE) strategy based on mesoporous nitrogen-doped hollow carbon sphere as adsorbent is developed for the simultaneous determination of atorvastatin (AT) and amlodipine (AM) in spiked human plasma. The determination method was based on measuring the synchronous fluorescence intensity of the drugs at a constant wavelength difference (Δλ=40 nm). The different experimental parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of the two drugs were studied and optimized. The limits of detection were 3.24 and 0.406 ng. ml -1 and quantification limits were 10.8 and 1.36 ng. ml -1 for AT and AM, respectively. Validation assays indicated that the concentration ranges were linear in 11-120 for AT and 2-90 ng ml -1 for AM, with R 2 >0.993 for both drugs. Under optimum conditions, extraction recovery was 94% and 89% with RSD% 3.9 and 4.7 (n=4) for AT and AM, respectively. The developed method has been found to be simple, economical, and reproducible for the routine analysis of both drugs in biological fluids.
建立了以介孔氮掺杂中空碳球为吸附剂的分散固相纳米萃取(DSPNE)技术同时测定加标人血浆中阿托伐他汀(AT)和氨氯地平(AM)的绿色灵敏分析方法。测定方法是测定药物在恒定波长差(Δλ=40 nm)下的同步荧光强度。研究并优化了不同实验参数对两种药物提取率的影响。检出限分别为3.24、0.406 ng。Ml -1和定量限分别为10.8和1.36 ng。AT和AM分别为ml -1。验证结果表明，AT的浓度范围为11 ~ 120,AM的浓度范围为2 ~ 90 ng ml -1，两种药物的R均为2 ~ 0.993。在最佳提取条件下，AT和AM的提取率分别为94%和89%，RSD分别为3.9和4.7 (n=4)。该方法简便、经济、可重复性好，可用于生物液中两种药物的常规分析。
{"title":"N-Doped Carbon Hollow Spheres for the Simultaneous Determination of Atorvastatin and Amlodipine by Synchronous Fluorescence Spectrofluorimetry","authors":"A. Hajihosseinloo, Ali Banitalebi Dehkordi, H. Vojoudi, J. Ghasemi, M. K. Rofouei, Alireza Badiei","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3932112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3932112","url":null,"abstract":"A green and sensitive analytical procedure by dispersive solid-phase nanoextraction (DSPNE) strategy based on mesoporous nitrogen-doped hollow carbon sphere as adsorbent is developed for the simultaneous determination of atorvastatin (AT) and amlodipine (AM) in spiked human plasma. The determination method was based on measuring the synchronous fluorescence intensity of the drugs at a constant wavelength difference (Δλ=40 nm). The different experimental parameters influencing the extraction efficiency of the two drugs were studied and optimized. The limits of detection were 3.24 and 0.406 ng. ml -1 and quantification limits were 10.8 and 1.36 ng. ml -1 for AT and AM, respectively. Validation assays indicated that the concentration ranges were linear in 11-120 for AT and 2-90 ng ml -1 for AM, with R 2 >0.993 for both drugs. Under optimum conditions, extraction recovery was 94% and 89% with RSD% 3.9 and 4.7 (n=4) for AT and AM, respectively. The developed method has been found to be simple, economical, and reproducible for the routine analysis of both drugs in biological fluids.","PeriodicalId":390608,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Drug Delivery (Topic)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114229705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant socioeconomic burden. The main effect of the degeneration process involves the alteration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) via cell-mediated enzymatic breakdown of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Thus, the development of injectable and biomimetic biomaterials that can instruct the regenerative cell component to produce tissue-specific ECM is pivotal for IVD repair. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and type II collagen are the primary components of NP tissue and together create the ideal environment for cells to deposit de-novo matrix. Given their high matrix synthesis capacity potential post-expansion, nasal chondrocytes (NC) have been proposed as a potential cell source to promote NP repair. The overall goal of this study was to assess the effects of CS incorporation into disc derived self-assembled ECM hydrogels on the matrix deposition of NCs. Results showed an increased sGAG production with higher amounts of CS in the gel composition and that its presence was found to be critical for the synthesis of collagen type II. Taken together, our results demonstrate how the inclusion of CS into the composition of the material aids the preservation of a rounded cell morphology for NCs in 3D culture and enhances their ability to synthesise NP-like matrix.
{"title":"Injectable Nucleus Pulposus Derived-ECM Hydrogel Functionalised with Chondroitin Sulfate for Intervertebral Disc Regeneration","authors":"Chiara Borrell, C. Buckley","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3610436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3610436","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain resulting from intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a significant socioeconomic burden. The main effect of the degeneration process involves the alteration of the nucleus pulposus (NP) via cell-mediated enzymatic breakdown of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Thus, the development of injectable and biomimetic biomaterials that can instruct the regenerative cell component to produce tissue-specific ECM is pivotal for IVD repair. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and type II collagen are the primary components of NP tissue and together create the ideal environment for cells to deposit de-novo matrix. Given their high matrix synthesis capacity potential post-expansion, nasal chondrocytes (NC) have been proposed as a potential cell source to promote NP repair. The overall goal of this study was to assess the effects of CS incorporation into disc derived self-assembled ECM hydrogels on the matrix deposition of NCs. Results showed an increased sGAG production with higher amounts of CS in the gel composition and that its presence was found to be critical for the synthesis of collagen type II. Taken together, our results demonstrate how the inclusion of CS into the composition of the material aids the preservation of a rounded cell morphology for NCs in 3D culture and enhances their ability to synthesise NP-like matrix.","PeriodicalId":390608,"journal":{"name":"MatSciRN: Drug Delivery (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130254587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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