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Proceedings of the 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019最新文献

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Software Approaches for In-time Resilience 实时弹性的软件方法
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3323487
Aviral Shrivastava, Moslem Didehban
Advances in semiconductor technology have enabled unprecedented growth in safety-critical applications. However, due to unabated scaling, the unreliability of the underlying hardware is only getting worse. For a lot of applications, just recovering from errors is not enough -- the latency between the occurrence of the fault to it's detection and recovery from the fault, i.e., in-time error resilience is of vital importance. This is especially true for real-time applications, where the timing of application events is a crucial part of the correctness of application. While software techniques for resilience are highly desirable since they can be flexibly applied, but achieving reliable, in-time software resilience is still an elusive goal. A new class of recent techniques have started to tackle this problem. This paper presents a succinct overview of existing software resilience techniques from the point-of-view of in-time resilience, and points out future challenges.
半导体技术的进步使安全关键应用实现了前所未有的增长。然而,由于不减的扩展,底层硬件的不可靠性只会变得更糟。对于很多应用来说,仅仅从错误中恢复是不够的——从故障发生到检测到从故障中恢复之间的延迟,即及时的错误恢复能力是至关重要的。对于实时应用程序尤其如此,其中应用程序事件的定时是应用程序正确性的关键部分。虽然弹性的软件技术是非常可取的,因为它们可以灵活地应用,但是实现可靠的、及时的软件弹性仍然是一个难以捉摸的目标。最近一类新的技术已经开始解决这个问题。本文从实时弹性的角度简要概述了现有的软件弹性技术,并指出了未来的挑战。
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引用次数: 4
ALIGN 对齐
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3323471
K. Kunal, Meghna Madhusudan, Arvind Sharma, Wenbin Xu, S. Burns, R. Harjani, Jiang Hu, D. Kirkpatrick, Sachin S. Sapatnekar
This paper presents analog layout automation efforts under the ALIGN (“Analog Layout, Intelligently Generated from Netlists”) project for fast layout generation using a modular approach based on a mix of algorithmic and machine learning-based tools. The road to rapid turnaround is based on an approach that detects structure and hierarchy in the input netlist and uses a grid based philosophy for layout. The paper provides a view of the current status of the project, challenges in developing open-source code with an academic/industry team, and nuts-and-bolts issues such as working with abstracted PDKs, navigating the “wall” between secured IP and open-source software, and securing access to example designs.
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引用次数: 55
QURE
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317888
Abdullah Ash-Saki, M. Alam, Swaroop Ghosh
Concerted efforts by the academia and the industries e.g., IBM, Google and Intel have brought us to the era of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers. Qubits, the basic elements of quantum computer, have been proven extremely susceptible to different noises. Recent experiments have exhibited spatial variations among the qubits in NISQ hardware. Therefore, conventional mapping of qubit done without quality awareness results in significant loss of fidelity for a given workload. In this paper, we have analyzed the effects of various noise sources on the overall fidelity of the given workload for a real NISQ hardware. We have also presented novel optimization technique namely, Qubit Re-allocation (QURE) to maximize the sequence fidelity of a given workload. QURE is scalable and can be applied to future large scale quantum computers. QURE can improve the fidelity of a quantum workload up to 1.54X (1.39X on average) in simulation and up to 1.7X in real device compared to variation oblivious qubit allocation without incurring any physical overhead. CCS CONCEPTS • Hardware → Quantum error correction and fault tolerance;
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引用次数: 1
ApproxLP
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317774
M. Imani, Alice Sokolova, Ricardo Garcia, Andrew Huang, Fan Wu, Baris Aksanli, Tajana Rosing
In a data hungry world, approximate computing has emerged as one of the solutions to create higher energy efficiency and faster systems, while providing application tailored quality. In this paper, we propose ApproxLP, an Approximate Multiplier based on Linear Planes. We introduce an iterative method for approximating the product of two operands using fitted linear functions with two inputs, referred to as linear planes. The linearization of multiplication allows multiplication operations to be completely replaced with weighted addition. The proposed technique is used to find the significand of the product of two floating point numbers, decreasing the high energy cost of floating point arithmetic. Our method fully exploits the trade-off between accuracy and energy consumption by offering various degrees of approximation at different energy costs. As the level of approximation increases, the approximated product asymptotically approaches the exact product in an iterative manner. The performance of ApproxLP is evaluated over a range of multimedia and machine learning applications. A GPU enhanced by ApproxLP yields significant energy-delay product (EDP) improvement. For multimedia, neural network, and hyperdimensional computing applications, ApproxLP offers on average $2.4 times, 2.7 times $, and $4.3 times $ EDP improvement respectively with sufficient computational quality for the application. ApproxLP also provides up to $4.5 times $ EDP improvement and has $2.3 times $ lower chip area than other state-of-the-art approximate multipliers.CCS CONCEPTS•Hardware → Integrated circuits; • Computer systems organization → Architectures;
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引用次数: 11
SMatch SMatch
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317912
R. T. Possignolo, Josep Renau
Designers wait several hours to get synthesis, placement and routing results even for small changes. Commercial FPGA flows allow for resynthesis after code changes, however, they target large code changes with not so effective incremental flows. We propose SMatch, a flow for FPGAs that has a novel incremental elaboration and novel incremental FPGA placement and routing that improves the state-of-the-art by reducing the amount of placement and routing work needed. We evaluate our approach against commercial FPGAs flows. Our method finishes synthesis, placement, and routing in under 30s for most changes of publicly available benchmarks with negligible QoR impact, being over $20 times$ faster than existing incremental FPGA flows. CCS CONCEPTS •Hardware → Methodologies for EDA; Logic synthesis.
{"title":"SMatch","authors":"R. T. Possignolo, Josep Renau","doi":"10.1145/3316781.3317912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316781.3317912","url":null,"abstract":"Designers wait several hours to get synthesis, placement and routing results even for small changes. Commercial FPGA flows allow for resynthesis after code changes, however, they target large code changes with not so effective incremental flows. We propose SMatch, a flow for FPGAs that has a novel incremental elaboration and novel incremental FPGA placement and routing that improves the state-of-the-art by reducing the amount of placement and routing work needed. We evaluate our approach against commercial FPGAs flows. Our method finishes synthesis, placement, and routing in under 30s for most changes of publicly available benchmarks with negligible QoR impact, being over $20 times$ faster than existing incremental FPGA flows. CCS CONCEPTS •Hardware → Methodologies for EDA; Logic synthesis.","PeriodicalId":391209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121570675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Tetris 俄罗斯方块
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317921
Brendan L. West, Jian Zhou, R. Dreslinski, J. Fowlkes, O. Kripfgans, C. Chakrabarti, T. Wenisch
High volume acquisition rates are imperative for medical ultrasound imaging applications, such as 3D elastography and 3D vector flow imaging. Unfortunately, despite recent algorithmic improvements, high-volume-rate imaging remains computationally infeasible on known platforms.In this paper, we propose TETRIS, a novel hardware accelerator for ultrasound beamforming that enables volume acquisition rates up to the physics limits of acoustic propagation delay. Through algorithmic and hardware optimizations, we enable a streaming system design outclassing previously proposed accelerators in performance while lowering hardware complexity and storage requirements. For a representative imaging task, our proposed system generates physics-limited 13,020 volumes per second in a 2. 5W power budget.CCS CONCEPTS• Hardware → Emerging architectures; 3D integrated circuits.;
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引用次数: 4
LithoGAN
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317852
Wei Ye, M. Alawieh, Yibo Lin, D. Pan
Lithography simulation is one of the most fundamental steps in process modeling and physical verification. Conventional simulation methods suffer from a tremendous computational cost for achieving high accuracy. Recently, machine learning was introduced to trade off between accuracy and runtime through speeding up the resist modeling stage of the simulation flow. In this work, we propose LithoGAN, an end-to-end lithography modeling framework based on a generative adversarial network (GAN), to map the input mask patterns directly to the output resist patterns. Our experimental results show that LithoGAN can predict resist patterns with high accuracy while achieving orders of magnitude speedup compared to conventional lithography simulation and previous machine learning based approach.
{"title":"LithoGAN","authors":"Wei Ye, M. Alawieh, Yibo Lin, D. Pan","doi":"10.1145/3316781.3317852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316781.3317852","url":null,"abstract":"Lithography simulation is one of the most fundamental steps in process modeling and physical verification. Conventional simulation methods suffer from a tremendous computational cost for achieving high accuracy. Recently, machine learning was introduced to trade off between accuracy and runtime through speeding up the resist modeling stage of the simulation flow. In this work, we propose LithoGAN, an end-to-end lithography modeling framework based on a generative adversarial network (GAN), to map the input mask patterns directly to the output resist patterns. Our experimental results show that LithoGAN can predict resist patterns with high accuracy while achieving orders of magnitude speedup compared to conventional lithography simulation and previous machine learning based approach.","PeriodicalId":391209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127647568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
ZARA
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3317936
Fan Chen, Linghao Song, H. Li, Yiran Chen
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) recently demonstrated a great opportunity toward unsupervised learning with the intention to mitigate the massive human efforts on data labeling in supervised learning algorithms. GAN combines a generative model and a discriminative model to oppose each other in an adversarial situation to refine their abilities. Existing nonvolatile memory based machine learning accelerators, however, could not support the computational needs required by GAN training. Specifically, the generator utilizes a new operator, called transposed convolution, which introduces significant resource underutilization when executed on conventional neural network accelerators as it inserts massive zeros in its input before a convolution operation. In this work, we propose a novel computational deformation technique that synergistically optimizes the forward and backward functions in transposed convolution to eliminate the large resource underutilization. In addition, we present dedicated control units -a dataflow mapper and an operation scheduler, to support the proposed execution model with high parallelism and low energy consumption. ZARA is implemented with commodity ReRAM chips, and experimental results show that our design can improve GAN’s training performance by averagely 1.6 × ~ 23 × over CMOS-based GAN accelerators. Compared to state-of-the-art ReRAM-based accelerator designs, ZARA also provides 1.15 × ~ 2.1 × performance improvement. CCS CONCEPTS • Hardware → Hardware accelerators;
{"title":"ZARA","authors":"Fan Chen, Linghao Song, H. Li, Yiran Chen","doi":"10.1145/3316781.3317936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3316781.3317936","url":null,"abstract":"Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) recently demonstrated a great opportunity toward unsupervised learning with the intention to mitigate the massive human efforts on data labeling in supervised learning algorithms. GAN combines a generative model and a discriminative model to oppose each other in an adversarial situation to refine their abilities. Existing nonvolatile memory based machine learning accelerators, however, could not support the computational needs required by GAN training. Specifically, the generator utilizes a new operator, called transposed convolution, which introduces significant resource underutilization when executed on conventional neural network accelerators as it inserts massive zeros in its input before a convolution operation. In this work, we propose a novel computational deformation technique that synergistically optimizes the forward and backward functions in transposed convolution to eliminate the large resource underutilization. In addition, we present dedicated control units -a dataflow mapper and an operation scheduler, to support the proposed execution model with high parallelism and low energy consumption. ZARA is implemented with commodity ReRAM chips, and experimental results show that our design can improve GAN’s training performance by averagely 1.6 × ~ 23 × over CMOS-based GAN accelerators. Compared to state-of-the-art ReRAM-based accelerator designs, ZARA also provides 1.15 × ~ 2.1 × performance improvement. CCS CONCEPTS • Hardware → Hardware accelerators;","PeriodicalId":391209,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122570504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
ChipSecure
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3324890
M. Mahmoodi, H. Nili, S. Larimian, Xinjie Guo, Dmitri B. Strukov
We exploit randomness in static I-V characteristics and reconfigurability of embedded flash memories to design very efficient physically unclonable function. Leakage current and subthreshold slope variations, nonlinearity, nondeterministic tuning error, and sneak path current in the redesigned commercial flash memory arrays are exploited to create a unique digital fingerprint. A time-multiplexed architecture is designed to enhance the security and expand the challenge-response pair space to 10211. Experimental results demonstrate 50.3% average uniformity, 49.99% average diffuseness, and native < 5% bit error rate. The analysis of the measured data also shows strong resilience against machine learning attacks and possibility for extremely energy efficient, 0.56 pJ/b operation.
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引用次数: 10
LODESTAR
Pub Date : 2019-06-02 DOI: 10.1145/3316781.3322472
Bahar Asgari, Ramyad Hadidi, Hyesoon Kim, S. Yalamanchili
Rating: Explicit Archive Warning: Graphic Depictions Of Violence Category: M/M Fandom: Star Wars All Media Types, Star Wars Episode VII: The Force Awakens (2015) Relationship: Armitage Hux/Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Armitage Hux/Kylo Ren Character: Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Armitage Hux, Original Child Character(s), Rey (Star Wars), Finn (Star Wars), Leia Organa, Luke Skywalker, Poe Dameron, Chewbacca (Star Wars), Phasma (Star Wars), Original Characters Additional Tags: Science Fiction & Fantasy, Drama, Dark, Mpreg (Brief), Post Mpreg, Deformities, Suffering, The Force, Rey Skywalker, BAMF Phasma, Past Sexual Assault, Angst, Blood and Gore, Body Horror, suicidal ideations, Attempted Suicide, Depression, Eating Disorder (Brief), Family Issues, Not Your Typical Redemption Fic, Post-Star Wars: The Force Awakens, TFA Compliant, Child Abuse, Mind Control, Memory Alteration, Memory Loss, Redemption AU, Dysfunctional Family, Heavy Angst, Angst with a Happy Ending, Jedi Rey, Jedi Finn, Force-Sensitive Hux, Gaslighting, Torture (Brief) Series: Part 3 of Son Of Mine Stats: Published: 2017-02-15 Completed: 2017-10-24 Chapters: 40/40 Words: 264254
评级:明确档案警告:暴力的图形描述类别:M/M粉丝圈:星球大战所有媒体类型,星球大战第七集:原力觉醒(2015)关系:阿米蒂奇·赫克斯/本·索罗|凯洛·伦,阿米蒂奇·赫克斯/凯洛·伦角色:本·索罗|凯洛·伦,阿米蒂奇·赫克斯,原始儿童角色(s),蕾伊(星球大战),芬恩(星球大战),莱娅·奥加娜,卢克·天行者,坡·达默隆,丘巴卡(星球大战),Phasma(星球大战),原始角色附加标签:科幻和幻想,戏剧,黑暗,Mpreg(简短),Mpreg后,畸形,痛苦,原力,蕾伊天行者,BAMF Phasma,过去的性侵犯,焦虑,血腥,身体恐怖,自杀意念,自杀未遂,抑郁,饮食失调(简短),家庭问题,不是你典型的救赎Fic,后星球大战:原力觉醒,TFA服从,虐待儿童,精神控制,记忆改变,记忆丧失,救赎AU,功能失调的家庭,沉重的焦虑,幸福结局的焦虑,绝地蕾伊,绝地芬恩,原力敏感Hux,煤气灯,酷刑(简短)系列:我的儿子的第三部分统计:发布时间:2017-02-15完成时间:2017-10-24章节:40/40字数:264254
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引用次数: 3
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Proceedings of the 56th Annual Design Automation Conference 2019
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