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IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)最新文献

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Wavelet matrix transform approach for the solution of electromagnetic integral equations 求解电磁积分方程的小波矩阵变换方法
Ning Guan, K. Yashiro, S. Ohkawa
We analyze the electromagnetic scattering from an array of metal strips by using the wavelet matrix transform approach. Daubechies' (1988) wavelet bases are chosen to construct sparse wavelet matrices so that matrix-matrix multiplications necessary for the wavelet matrix transform cost only O(N/sup 2/). Resulting sparse matrix equations are treated effectively by a sparse linear system solver by which the cost of solving matrix equations is the order of O(NlogN). Finally, appropriate choice of the number of vanishing moments to obtain fast and accurate solution are studied through numerical experiments.
本文用小波矩阵变换方法分析了金属条阵列的电磁散射。选择Daubechies(1988)的小波基来构建稀疏小波矩阵,使得小波矩阵变换所需的矩阵-矩阵乘法只需花费O(N/sup 2/)。通过求解矩阵方程的代价为O(NlogN)阶的稀疏线性系统解算器,可以有效地处理稀疏矩阵方程。最后,通过数值实验研究了如何合理选择消失矩的个数,以获得快速准确的解。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of coupling between cavity-backed slot antennas: FDTD, FEM and measurements 腔背缝隙天线耦合分析:时域有限差分法、有限元法和测量
S. Georgakopoulos, A. C. Polycarpou, C. Balanis, C. Birtcher
Cavity-backed slot antennas have been widely used in different types of applications within the microwave band, including radar, satellite communications, mobile telephony, broadcast TV, and aircraft/spacecraft communications. They are relatively easy to manufacture, light-weight and often small in size. Their low profile is an important characteristic, especially for aircraft, missile and spacecraft, applications, because they can be flush-mounted on the surface of airborne vehicles without affecting the vehicle's aerodynamic profile. In this paper, the coupling of cavity-backed slot antennas is analyzed by using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and the finite element method (FEM). Also, parametric studies are performed to examine the dependence of the coupling on the frequency of operation and the separation between the apertures. The numerical results are validated by comparison with measurements.
空腔槽天线已广泛应用于微波频段内的不同类型应用,包括雷达、卫星通信、移动电话、广播电视和飞机/航天器通信。它们相对容易制造,重量轻,体积小。它们的低轮廓是一个重要的特点,特别是在飞机、导弹和航天器的应用中,因为它们可以平装在机载飞行器的表面,而不会影响飞行器的气动外形。本文采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)和有限元法(FEM)对腔背槽天线的耦合进行了分析。此外,还进行了参数研究,以检查耦合对操作频率和孔径之间的分离的依赖性。数值计算结果与实测结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 2
Non-uniform Luneburg lens antennas: a design approach based on genetic algorithms 非均匀吕尼堡透镜天线:基于遗传算法的设计方法
H. Mosallaei, Y. Rahmat-Samii
This paper focuses on the optimum synthesis of Luneburg lens antennas using a novel application of the genetic algorithm (GA) optimizer. Since it is desired to simultaneously control both the achievable gain as well as to reduce grating lobe levels, an adaptive cost function is used in the process of the GA optimization. To determine the scattered field of the lens antenna an analytic technique is used based on the dyadic Green's function of the multi-layered spherical shell. It is shown that the radiation performance of the uniform Luneburg lens is significantly improved by designing a non-uniform lens with a low number of shells. The antenna gain is increased and the grating lobes are suppressed considerably. Many useful engineering design guidelines have been established for the optimum design of the lens.
本文研究了基于遗传算法优化器的吕尼堡透镜天线的优化合成。由于希望同时控制可达增益和降低光栅瓣电平,因此在遗传算法优化过程中使用了自适应代价函数。为了确定透镜天线的散射场,采用了基于多层球壳的并矢格林函数的解析技术。结果表明,通过设计低壳数的非均匀透镜,可以显著提高均匀吕讷堡透镜的辐射性能。天线增益增加,光栅瓣明显受到抑制。为透镜的优化设计建立了许多有用的工程设计准则。
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引用次数: 8
Numerical techniques for VHF/UHF cylinder radiators VHF/UHF圆柱形散热器的数值技术
C. Repesh
The frequency response of a dipole with asymmetric radii fed in the sleeve via a coaxial aperture is computed. A numerical electromagnetics code (NEC4.1) wire grid model is compared with a body of revolution finite difference time domain (2.5FDTD) solid model after Fourier transformation. Directive gain patterns and source impedance show an effective approach to designing a broad range of omnidirectional TM/sub Z/ antennas for VHF/UHF spectrum.
计算了半径不对称的偶极子经同轴孔送入套筒的频率响应。将数值电磁学代码(NEC4.1)线网格模型与经过傅里叶变换的旋转体时域有限差分(2.5FDTD)实体模型进行了比较。方向性增益模式和源阻抗显示了设计VHF/UHF频谱宽范围全向TM/sub - Z/天线的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
A dual polarization, active, microstrip antenna for an orbital imaging radar system operating at L-band 一种用于l波段轨道成像雷达系统的双极化有源微带天线
K. Kelly, J. Huang
A highly successful Earth orbiting synthetic antenna aperture radar (SAR) system, known as the SIR-C mission, was carried into orbit in 1994 on a US Shuttle (space transportation system) mission. The radar system was mounted in the cargo bay with no need to fold, or in any other way reduce the size of the antennas for launch. Weight and size were not limited for the L-band, C-band, and X-band radar systems of the SIR-C radar imaging mission; the set of antennas weighed 10500 kg, the L-band antenna having the major share of the weight. This paper treats designing an L-band antenna functionally similar to that used for SIR-C, but at a fraction of the cost and at a weight in the order of 250 kg. Further, the antenna must be folded to fit into the small payload shroud of low cost booster rocket systems. Over 31 square meters of antenna area is required. This low weight, foldable, electronic scanning antenna is for the proposed LightSAR radar system which is to be placed in Earth orbit on a small, dedicated spacecraft the lowest possible cost for an efficient L-band radar imaging system. This LightSAR spacecraft radar is to be continuously available for at least five operational years, and have the ability to map or repeat-map any area on Earth within a few days of any request. A microstrip patch array, with microstrip transmission lines employed in the aperture and in the corporate feed network, was chosen as the low cost approach for this active dual-polarization, 80 MHz (6.4 %) bandwidth antenna design.
一个非常成功的地球轨道合成天线孔径雷达(SAR)系统,被称为SIR-C任务,在1994年由美国航天飞机(太空运输系统)任务携带进入轨道。雷达系统安装在货舱中,不需要折叠,或以任何其他方式减少发射天线的尺寸。SIR-C雷达成像任务的l波段、c波段和x波段雷达系统的重量和尺寸不受限制;这组天线重达10500公斤,其中l波段天线占了大部分重量。本文设计了一种与SIR-C功能相似的l波段天线,但成本和重量仅为250公斤。此外,天线必须折叠以适应低成本助推火箭系统的小有效载荷罩。要求天线面积大于31平方米。这种低重量、可折叠的电子扫描天线用于拟议的LightSAR雷达系统,该系统将被放置在地球轨道上的小型专用航天器上,这是一种高效l波段雷达成像系统的最低成本。这种LightSAR航天器雷达至少可连续使用5年,并具有在任何请求的几天内绘制或重复绘制地球上任何区域的能力。采用微带贴片阵列,在孔径和公司馈电网络中采用微带传输线,作为这种80 MHz(6.4%)带宽的有源双极化天线设计的低成本方法。
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引用次数: 1
180/spl deg///spl alpha//spl deg/ combined phase shifter 180/spl度///spl α //spl度/组合式移相器
K. Nakada, T. Marumoto, R. Iwata
Strip line phase shifters are key devices widely used in phased array antenna application. To avoid the grating-lobes through a wide range of scanning angle, the element spacing in the array should be less than about /spl lambda//2. In order to arrange all of the phase shifters in the phased array antenna on a single plane, each phase shifter should be as compact as possible. The digital phase shifter composed of cascaded several bit elements (180/spl deg/, 90/spl deg/, 45/spl deg/, 22.5/spl deg/...), is widely used for phased array application. We propose 180/spl deg///spl alpha//spl deg/ combined phase shifter, which consists of 180/spl deg/ switched-line section and arbitrary angle (/spl alpha//spl deg/) loaded-line section. This proposed phase shifter operates as a 2-bit phase shifter, and has both physical and electrical advantages, i.e., its compact size and small phase shift deviation. This paper presents the basic configuration of the proposed phase shifter, and also presents an example of the characteristics in the case of a /spl alpha//spl deg/=45/spl deg/ calculated by the method of moment.
带状线移相器是相控阵天线中广泛应用的关键器件。为了避免在大范围的扫描角范围内产生光栅瓣,阵列中的元件间距应小于约/spl λ //2。为了使相控阵天线中的所有移相器排列在一个平面上,每个移相器应尽可能紧凑。由多个位元级联组成的数字移相器(180/spl°/、90/spl°/、45/spl°/、22.5/spl°/…),广泛应用于相控阵。我们提出了180/spl°///spl α //spl°/组合式移相器,它由180/spl°/开关线段和任意角度(/spl α //spl°/)加载线段组成。该移相器作为2位移相器工作,具有物理和电气两方面的优点,即体积小,相移偏差小。本文给出了移相器的基本结构,并给出了用矩量法计算a/ spl α //spl度/=45/spl度/时移相器特性的实例。
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引用次数: 0
An analytical array scanning method for field computations of sources within a periodic structure 一种用于周期结构内源场计算的解析阵列扫描方法
Hung Yu, D. Yang
In the past, there is little work on field analysis of source interaction with periodic structures. This paper describes a numerically exact method for both near and far fields of sources (anomalies) within periodic structures. The problem is first converted into numerical modeling of infinite phased array of artificial sources. Analytical array scanning of the infinite array fields results in the desired field solutions. The examples of a line-source within a corrugated parallel-plate waveguide, a line-source within a dielectric-strip grating structure, and a dipole on an artificial periodic substrate are given to illustrate this general numerical approach. A contribution of this work is that it identifies the mode-conversion mechanism from plane-waves to periodic waves, and it also provides fundamental understanding of field theory of sources within two- or three-dimensional periodic (photonic band-gap) media.
过去,对震源与周期结构相互作用的现场分析工作很少。本文描述了周期结构内源(异常)近场和远场的精确数值计算方法。首先将该问题转化为无限人工源相控阵的数值模拟。对无限阵列场进行解析阵列扫描,得到所需的场解。文中给出了波纹平行板波导内的线源、介电带状光栅结构内的线源和人工周期衬底上的偶极子的例子来说明这种通用的数值方法。这项工作的贡献之一是确定了平面波到周期波的模式转换机制,并为二维或三维周期(光子带隙)介质中源的场论提供了基本的理解。
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引用次数: 2
Estimation of Doppler spectrum from a vibrating metallic circular cylinder 振动金属圆柱的多普勒频谱估计
K. Sarabandi, D. E. Lawrence
An analytical solution for the calculation of the bistatic scattered Doppler spectrum from a vibrating metallic circular cylinder is presented. First the scattering solution of a slightly deformed circular cylinder is obtained using a perturbation method. Then, assuming the vibration frequency is much smaller than the frequency of the incident electromagnetic plane wave, a closed form expression for the time-frequency response of the bistatic scattered field is obtained which can be used directly for estimating the Doppler spectrum. Results indicate that the scattered Doppler frequencies correspond to the mechanical vibration frequencies of the cylinder, and the sidelobe Doppler spectrum level is, to the first order, linearly proportional to the degree of deformation and is a function of bistatic angle. Utilizing the information in the scattered Doppler spectrum could provide an effective means of buried object identification, where acoustic waves are used to vibrate the buried object at resonance.
给出了一种计算金属圆柱振动双基地散射多普勒频谱的解析解。首先用微扰法得到了微变形圆柱的散射解。然后,假设振动频率远小于入射电磁平面波的频率,得到双基地散射场时频响应的封闭表达式,可直接用于多普勒频谱的估计。结果表明,散射多普勒频率与圆柱体的机械振动频率相对应,副瓣多普勒频谱电平与变形程度成一阶线性关系,是双静角的函数。利用散射多普勒频谱中的信息,利用声波对被埋物体进行共振振动,可以提供一种有效的地物识别手段。
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引用次数: 0
Mutual coupling between shorted annular ring-reduced surface wave antennas 短环形减环表面波天线之间的相互耦合
M. A. Khayat, J.T. Williams, D. Jackson, S. Long
Jackson et al. (1993) developed a new microstrip patch, the shorted annular ring-reduced surface wave (SAR-RSW) antenna. This microstrip antenna produces only a small amount of surface-wave excitation. In addition, if printed on an electrically thin substrate (so that /spl beta/(TM/sub 0/)/spl ap/k/sub 0/), this antenna only weakly excites lateral waves (the space-wave fields that propagate along the air-dielectric interface). In this presentation we summarize our study of the mutual coupling between SAR-RSW antennas. The mutual coupling between conventional circular patches is used as a comparative reference, since these results are representative of the coupling between typical microstrip antennas. The same analysis is used for both antennas, since the SAR-RSW antenna becomes a conventional circular patch in the limiting case when the inner radius goes to zero. We present numerical results from a theoretical analysis of the mutual coupling, along with experimental results. The mutual coupling behavior is then explained using an asymptotic analysis, which demonstrates how the mutual coupling varies with patch separation. Finally, a theoretical investigation of both lateral- and surface-wave contributions to the coupling is performed to investigate the importance of these two contributions to the mutual coupling.
Jackson等人(1993)开发了一种新的微带贴片,即短环形环减表面波(SAR-RSW)天线。这种微带天线只产生少量的表面波激发。此外,如果印刷在电薄的基板上(因此/spl beta/(TM/sub 0/)/spl ap/k/sub 0/),这种天线只会微弱地激发侧波(沿着空气-介质界面传播的空间波场)。在本报告中,我们总结了SAR-RSW天线之间相互耦合的研究。由于这些结果代表了典型微带天线之间的耦合,因此采用传统圆形贴片之间的相互耦合作为比较参考。由于SAR-RSW天线在内半径为零的极限情况下成为传统的圆形贴片,因此对两种天线都使用了相同的分析。本文给出了相互耦合理论分析的数值结果和实验结果。然后使用渐近分析来解释互耦行为,该分析演示了互耦如何随贴片分离而变化。最后,对横向波和表面波对耦合的贡献进行了理论研究,以研究这两种贡献对相互耦合的重要性。
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引用次数: 4
Finite element modelling of an optical antenna using piezoelectric polymer coated D-fibre 压电聚合物包覆d -纤维光学天线的有限元建模
A. Bhatti, H. Al-Raweshidy, G. Murtaza
It has been demonstrated that an all-fibre electric field sensor comprising a D-shaped optical fibre coated with a transversely poled piezoelectric material can be successfully modelled by using finite element analysis (FEA) techniques. The modelling was employed to compute the phase shift over the frequency range from 100 Hz to 50 MHz. This work describes, for the first time, the novel approach of using the FEA to simulate the response of a optical D-fibre antenna. One unique advantage of the optical fibre antenna is that it is all-dielectric and it is relatively transparent to the incident electric field. Therefore the optical fibre antenna will not significantly distort or scatter the incident field.
研究表明,采用有限元分析技术可以成功地对一种全光纤电场传感器进行建模,该传感器由涂覆横向极化压电材料的d形光纤组成。该模型用于计算100 Hz至50 MHz频率范围内的相移。这项工作首次描述了利用有限元分析模拟d型光纤天线响应的新方法。光纤天线的一个独特优点是它是全介质的,对入射电场相对透明。因此,光纤天线不会显著地扭曲或散射入射场。
{"title":"Finite element modelling of an optical antenna using piezoelectric polymer coated D-fibre","authors":"A. Bhatti, H. Al-Raweshidy, G. Murtaza","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789228","url":null,"abstract":"It has been demonstrated that an all-fibre electric field sensor comprising a D-shaped optical fibre coated with a transversely poled piezoelectric material can be successfully modelled by using finite element analysis (FEA) techniques. The modelling was employed to compute the phase shift over the frequency range from 100 Hz to 50 MHz. This work describes, for the first time, the novel approach of using the FEA to simulate the response of a optical D-fibre antenna. One unique advantage of the optical fibre antenna is that it is all-dielectric and it is relatively transparent to the incident electric field. Therefore the optical fibre antenna will not significantly distort or scatter the incident field.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132178909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)
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