In the era of modern vaccinology, limited immunogenicity of the most commonly used antigens has enforced the use of various adjuvants in vaccine formulations to achieve desired immune response. Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been, historically, the most widely used mineral immunostimulants, generally regarded as safe to use in human vaccines. The great academic progress in inorganic (nano)materials synthesis, structure control and functionalization design has led to a growing interest in innovative adjuvants such as clays, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, zinc oxide, iron oxide and iron hydroxide nanoparticles, etc. On the other hand, there has been an intention to use specific nanoparticulated antigen delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions, in order to protect antigens from premature proteolytic degradation and/or to improve antigen immunogenicity by facilitating antigen uptake and processing by antigen presenting cells. Simultaneously, numerous research efforts have been focused on the development of innovative technologies for antigen delivery into the skin (such as microneedles), with the aim to improve vaccine efficacy alongside with enhanced patient adherence, particularly in children population (noninvasive or minimally invasive administration). Therefore, this review deals with each of these approaches in more detail, with the special emphasis on examples of their use in vaccine formulations as well as on the factors influencing their efficacy and safety.
{"title":"Established and advanced adjuvants in vaccines' formulation: Mineral adsorbents, nanoparticulate carriers and microneedle delivery systems","authors":"D. Krajišnik, T. Ilić, I. Nikolić, S. Savić","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1906420k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1906420k","url":null,"abstract":"In the era of modern vaccinology, limited immunogenicity of the most commonly used antigens has enforced the use of various adjuvants in vaccine formulations to achieve desired immune response. Aluminum-containing adjuvants have been, historically, the most widely used mineral immunostimulants, generally regarded as safe to use in human vaccines. The great academic progress in inorganic (nano)materials synthesis, structure control and functionalization design has led to a growing interest in innovative adjuvants such as clays, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, zinc oxide, iron oxide and iron hydroxide nanoparticles, etc. On the other hand, there has been an intention to use specific nanoparticulated antigen delivery systems, such as nanoemulsions, in order to protect antigens from premature proteolytic degradation and/or to improve antigen immunogenicity by facilitating antigen uptake and processing by antigen presenting cells. Simultaneously, numerous research efforts have been focused on the development of innovative technologies for antigen delivery into the skin (such as microneedles), with the aim to improve vaccine efficacy alongside with enhanced patient adherence, particularly in children population (noninvasive or minimally invasive administration). Therefore, this review deals with each of these approaches in more detail, with the special emphasis on examples of their use in vaccine formulations as well as on the factors influencing their efficacy and safety.","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nevena Maljurić, Jelena Golubović, Biljana Otašević, Jovana Krmar, M. Zečević, A. Protić
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are widely used in pharmaceutical analysis due to its biodegradability and eco-friendly character. The particular structure of CDs, characterized by hydrophobic cavity, enables the formation of inclusion complexes with variety of organic compounds. As structures lacking chromophores, CDs could not be detected by Photodiode Array (PDA) detector and Corona Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD) was introduced as the most appropriate detector for the formed complexes. The aim of the study was to investigate the degree of complexation between telmisartan, used as a model substance, and β-CD. Moreover, the effect of different β-CD concentrations (5-15 mM) and pH of the aqueous part of mobile phase (3-7) on the degree of complexation was also assessed. The intensity of the formed complex appeared to be the highest when 15 mM β-CD was used for the complexation. Also, it was noticed that the increase in peak areas with an increasing β-CD concentration was more evident at pH 7 in comparison with the same trend at lower pH values. The reproducibility of the measurement was confirmed by low relative standard deviation (RSD) of peak areas within five measurements. These findings support the use of HPLC-CAD methods for studying the process of inclusion complexes formation.
{"title":"The potential of Corona Charged Aerosol Detector for investigation of telmisartan: B-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes","authors":"Nevena Maljurić, Jelena Golubović, Biljana Otašević, Jovana Krmar, M. Zečević, A. Protić","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1901001m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1901001m","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclodextrins (CDs) are widely used in pharmaceutical analysis due to its biodegradability and eco-friendly character. The particular structure of CDs, characterized by hydrophobic cavity, enables the formation of inclusion complexes with variety of organic compounds. As structures lacking chromophores, CDs could not be detected by Photodiode Array (PDA) detector and Corona Charged Aerosol Detector (CAD) was introduced as the most appropriate detector for the formed complexes. The aim of the study was to investigate the degree of complexation between telmisartan, used as a model substance, and β-CD. Moreover, the effect of different β-CD concentrations (5-15 mM) and pH of the aqueous part of mobile phase (3-7) on the degree of complexation was also assessed. The intensity of the formed complex appeared to be the highest when 15 mM β-CD was used for the complexation. Also, it was noticed that the increase in peak areas with an increasing β-CD concentration was more evident at pH 7 in comparison with the same trend at lower pH values. The reproducibility of the measurement was confirmed by low relative standard deviation (RSD) of peak areas within five measurements. These findings support the use of HPLC-CAD methods for studying the process of inclusion complexes formation.","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New vaccines on the horizon","authors":"N. Arsenović-Ranin","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1906385a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1906385a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Vekić, Z. Jelić-Ivanović, A. Zeljković, A. Stefanović, V. Spasojević-Kalimanovska
{"title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiometabolic risk","authors":"J. Vekić, Z. Jelić-Ivanović, A. Zeljković, A. Stefanović, V. Spasojević-Kalimanovska","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1903153v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1903153v","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Vučković, K. Savic-Vujovic, D. Srebro, Lepa Jovanović, M. Prostran
{"title":"Role of magnesium sulfate in the treatment of acute postoperative pain","authors":"S. Vučković, K. Savic-Vujovic, D. Srebro, Lepa Jovanović, M. Prostran","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1905349v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1905349v","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Produženje ljudskog veka i povećanje broja starih (stariji od 65 godina) na svetskom nivou nosi sa sobom izazove za javno-zdravstveni sistem jer se radi o populaciji podložnoj infektivnim bolestima. Vakcinacija je jedan od načina prevencije ovih bolesti. U cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta života, smanjenja komplikacija bolesti, hospitalizacija i mortaliteta starih, mnoge evropske države i Sjedinjene Američke Države, kod starih osoba, preporučuju vakcinaciju protiv gripa, pneumokoka, varičela-zoster virusa (VZV), kao i „booster” vakcinacije protiv tetanusa, pertusisa i difterije. Razlog veće podložnosti infektivnim bolestima i manjoj efikasnosti vakcina kod starih su starenjem uslovljene promene koje pogađaju imunski sistem, a koje utiču na njegovu funkciju. Sezonska vakcina protiv gripa se u većini evropskih zemalja preporučuje starijima od 65 godina. Budući da je njena efikasnost niža kod starih nego kod odraslih osoba, razvijaju se strategije koje bi prevazišle ovaj problem (uključivanje adjuvansa u formulaciju, povećanje doze, promena puta unošenja antigena, razvoj vektorskih vakcina). Protiv pneumokoka su dostupne polisaharidna i konjugovana vakcina, a podaci o njihovoj efikasnosti su nekonzistentni. Vakcina protiv VZV je atenuisana, živa vakcina i pokazala se efikasna u smanjenju incidencije herpes zostera i post-herpetične neuralgije. Podizanje svesti o značaju vakcinacije starih osoba i razvoj vakcina prilagođenih ovoj populaciji su od velikog značaja za očuvanje njihovog zdravlja.
世界范围内人类年龄的延长和老年人（65岁以上）数量的增加对公共卫生系统构成了挑战，因为人口中有适当的传染病。疫苗是预防这些疾病的方法之一。为了提高生活质量，减少老年人的疾病并发症、住院和死亡率，许多欧洲国家和美利坚合众国的老年人建议接种流感、肺炎球菌、水痘-带状疱疹病毒疫苗，以及破伤风、百日咳和白喉加强针。感染性疾病和疫苗对老年人的有效性降低的更大原因是免疫系统影响的变化受到衰老的影响。季节性流感疫苗被推荐用于大多数65岁以上的欧洲国家。Budući da je njena efikasnost niža kod starih nego kod odraslih osoba，razvijaju se strategije koje bi prevazišle ovaj问题（uključivanje adjuvansa u formulaciju，povećanje doze，promena puta unošenja antigena，razvoj vektorskih vakcina）。对于肺炎球菌，多糖和结合疫苗是可用的，关于其有效性的数据是不相容的。针对VZV的疫苗是一种活疫苗，已被证明能有效降低带状疱疹和疱疹后神经痛的发病率。提高老年人对接种疫苗重要性的认识，并开发适合这一人群的疫苗，对保持他们的健康至关重要。
{"title":"Application of prophylactic vaccines in the elderly","authors":"B. Bufan","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1906469b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1906469b","url":null,"abstract":"Produženje ljudskog veka i povećanje broja starih (stariji od 65 godina) na svetskom nivou nosi sa sobom izazove za javno-zdravstveni sistem jer se radi o populaciji podložnoj infektivnim bolestima. Vakcinacija je jedan od načina prevencije ovih bolesti. U cilju poboljšanja kvaliteta života, smanjenja komplikacija bolesti, hospitalizacija i mortaliteta starih, mnoge evropske države i Sjedinjene Američke Države, kod starih osoba, preporučuju vakcinaciju protiv gripa, pneumokoka, varičela-zoster virusa (VZV), kao i „booster” vakcinacije protiv tetanusa, pertusisa i difterije. Razlog veće podložnosti infektivnim bolestima i manjoj efikasnosti vakcina kod starih su starenjem uslovljene promene koje pogađaju imunski sistem, a koje utiču na njegovu funkciju. Sezonska vakcina protiv gripa se u većini evropskih zemalja preporučuje starijima od 65 godina. Budući da je njena efikasnost niža kod starih nego kod odraslih osoba, razvijaju se strategije koje bi prevazišle ovaj problem (uključivanje adjuvansa u formulaciju, povećanje doze, promena puta unošenja antigena, razvoj vektorskih vakcina). Protiv pneumokoka su dostupne polisaharidna i konjugovana vakcina, a podaci o njihovoj efikasnosti su nekonzistentni. Vakcina protiv VZV je atenuisana, živa vakcina i pokazala se efikasna u smanjenju incidencije herpes zostera i post-herpetične neuralgije. Podizanje svesti o značaju vakcinacije starih osoba i razvoj vakcina prilagođenih ovoj populaciji su od velikog značaja za očuvanje njihovog zdravlja.","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Active immunotherapy of cancer: An overview of therapeutic vaccines","authors":"B. Filipic, Z. Stojić-Vukanić","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1906490f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1906490f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pharmacotherapy of the most frequent headaches in adults","authors":"J. Zidverc-Trajkovic","doi":"10.5937/ARHFARM1806032Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ARHFARM1806032Z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A personalized approach to assessing and managing pain in patients with cancer","authors":"J. Dimitrijevic","doi":"10.5937/ARHFARM1806045D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/ARHFARM1806045D","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Herbal medicinal products in the treatment of cough associated with colds","authors":"T. Kundaković-Vasović, J. Radović","doi":"10.5937/arhfarm1904270k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/arhfarm1904270k","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39173,"journal":{"name":"Arhiv za Farmaciju","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71198630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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