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Histopathological changes of nervous tissue in women over 60 years of age with Alzheimer's disease and their relationship with menopause 60岁以上老年痴呆症患者神经组织的病理变化及其与绝经期的关系
Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2024.100800
Angel David Tarrá Marrugo

Introduction

Ageing is a natural and irreversible process that primarily manifests in older age, becoming more common after the age of 60. Currently, a significant increase has been observed in the elderly population, with forecasts indicating that this group will triple in size over the next 50 years. This phenomenon is evident in several countries, including Japan, Mexico, Brazil, and Colombia, where the growing population of older adults is accompanied by an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Studies have shown differences in the onset and progression of the disease between men and women, highlighting menopause and hormonal factors as key determinants in women. An association has been identified between a lower exposure to endogenous oestrogens and a higher risk of dementia in women, linked to the action of the enzyme β-secretase (BACE1), which is involved in the formation of amyloid aggregates associated with Alzheimer's disease. These findings highlight the importance of thoroughly investigating and understanding the impact of ageing and related diseases on the current and future population.

Objective

This study aims to describe the histopathological changes in nervous tissue in women over 60 years of age with Alzheimer's disease and their relationship to menopause.

Methodology

A comprehensive search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Frontiers, Scopus, and Springer.

Results

Two hundred thirteen articles were selected for review and 45 full articles were chosen.

Conclusions

Alzheimer's disease is characterised by a progressive loss of cognitive function due to brain lesions, including the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neuronal apoptosis. Hormonal changes during menopause may contribute to the onset of the disease.
衰老是一种自然的、不可逆转的过程，主要表现在老年阶段，在60岁以后更为普遍。目前，老年人口显著增加，预测表明，这一群体的规模将在未来50年增加两倍。这一现象在包括日本、墨西哥、巴西和哥伦比亚在内的几个国家很明显，在这些国家，老年人人口的增长伴随着阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病的风险增加。研究表明，男性和女性在该病的发病和进展方面存在差异，并强调更年期和荷尔蒙因素是女性的关键决定因素。内源性雌激素暴露较低与女性痴呆风险较高之间存在关联，这与β分泌酶（BACE1）的作用有关，该酶参与与阿尔茨海默病相关的淀粉样蛋白聚集体的形成。这些发现强调了彻底调查和了解老龄化和相关疾病对当前和未来人口的影响的重要性。目的：探讨60岁以上老年痴呆症患者神经组织的病理变化及其与绝经期的关系。方法：在PubMed、ScienceDirect、Frontiers、Scopus和施普林格等数据库中进行了全面的搜索。结果：入选文献213篇，入选全文45篇。结论：阿尔茨海默病的特征是脑损伤导致认知功能的进行性丧失，包括淀粉样斑块的积累和神经元凋亡。绝经期荷尔蒙的变化可能导致疾病的发生。
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
ALK-rearranged primary mixed mucinous and non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma: A case report alk重排原发混合性黏液性和非黏液性肺腺癌1例。
Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2024.100796
Daniel Felipe Mendivelso-González , Catalina Castañeda-Motta , Alfredo Ernesto Romero-Rojas , Carlos Andrés Carvajal-Fierro , Rafael Parra-Medina
Lung cancer exhibits a diverse array of morphological manifestations and molecular changes, significantly influencing patient diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment strategies. We present the case of a 47-year-old man with a history of smoking, who presented to the emergency room with a 12-month history of haemoptysis. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a mass in the right upper lobe of the lung and bilateral lung nodules. He underwent a diagnostic wedge resection, which confirmed mixed mucinous and non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma exhibiting acinar, papillary and micropapillary growth patterns. Molecular studies identified rearrangements in the ALK gene, and staging images revealed central nervous system and bone metastases. This case presents an unusual morphology of mixed mucinous and non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma and highlights the importance of using immunohistochemical and molecular markers to determine tumour biology.
肺癌表现出多种形态表现和分子变化，显著影响患者的诊断、预后和治疗策略。我们提出的情况下，一个47岁的男子吸烟史，谁提出了12个月的咯血史急诊室。胸部计算机断层扫描（CT）显示右肺上叶肿块和双侧肺结节。他接受了诊断性的楔形切除，证实了混合性黏液性和非黏液性肺腺癌，表现为腺泡、乳头状和微乳头状生长模式。分子研究发现ALK基因重排，分期图像显示中枢神经系统和骨转移。本病例表现出一种不寻常的混合黏液性和非黏液性肺腺癌的形态，强调了使用免疫组织化学和分子标记来确定肿瘤生物学的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
A SHOUT-OUT FOR ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY!! We are key to diagnosis and clinical excellence!! 解剖学病理学万岁！！我们是诊断和临床卓越的关键！！
Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2025.100818
Santiago Ramón y Cajal Agüeras
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
IF 0.5 Q4 Medicine
Revista Espanola de Patologia
Pub Date : 2025-01-01
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引用次数: 0
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