中国肺癌杂志最新文献

Background: Metabolic change is one of the important characteristics of radiation pneumonitis. Radiotherapy, as a conventional method for the treatment of thoracic tumors, can not only effectively kill tumor cells, but also cause adverse reactions such as local inflammation and fibrosis, which leads to limited therapeutic effect and profound impact on the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the metabolic changes caused by radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of X-ray irradiation on the metabolism of a mouse lung epithelial cell line (murine lung epithelial-12, MLE12).

Methods: MLE12 cells were' cultured in vitro and randomly divided into radiation group (IR) and control group (NC). Cells in the IR group were irradiated at a dose of 10 Gy using a Hitachi X-ray irradiator. Cell supernatant samples were collected at 48 h after irradiation. Metabolomic analysis of the samples was performed by liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC/MS).

Results: LC/MS metabolomics analysis revealed the metabolic changes of MLE12 cells at 48 h after irradiation. A total of 38 secretory metabolites were altered in the IR group compared with the NC group. According to the annotation of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, the differential metabolites are mainly involved in nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism, among which the difference in nucleotide metabolism is the most significant.

Conclusions: The metabolism of MLE12 cells was significantly affected by X-ray irradiation, mainly affecting the nucleotide metabolic pathways, including purine and pyrimidine metabolites and related metabolic pathways.

Ferroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, characterized primarily by the accumulation of intracellular iron and increased levels of lipid peroxidation. Resistance of tumor cells to ferroptosis can promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Various compounds can influence tumor development by triggering ferroptosis. Ferroptosis involves complex regulatory mechanisms, with mitochondria serving as both an iron storage and metabolic center, playing a crucial regulatory role in ferroptosis. This review discusses ferroptosis and its three stages and the role of ferroptosis in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment, as well as the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondria in ferroptosis.
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Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer burden and death in China, with nearly 800,000 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients each year, nearly half of whom are lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. According to current clinical guidelines, surgery is the main treatment for stage I LUAD patients, but the 5-year overall survival rate of stage I LUAD patients alone is still unsatisfactory, about 73%-90%, indicating that a considerable number of patients require other means to improve survival benefits. Chemotherapy and targeted therapy have achieved great success in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic LUAD patients, but there is still controversy over whether they can benefit stage I LUAD postoperative patients. Under the circumstances, many researchers have paid attention to this issue and made beneficial explorations. This review provides a brief review of the factors that affect the acceptance of adjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy in stage I LUAD postoperative patients, as well as the relevant clinical research on the application of adjuvant chemotherapy and targeted therapy in stage I LUAD postoperative patients, in order to gain a broader understanding of the latest developments in this field and find new breakthroughs to promote sustained research in this field.
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At present, the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer rank top among malignant tumors. The early diagnosis, treatment and drug resistance of lung cancer still remain as problems in the management of lung cancer. Researchers are dedicated to identifying reliable biomarkers as predictive indicators or effective therapeutic targets for lung cancer. Insulin resistance (IR), a disorder characterized by reduced biological activity of insulin, leads to increased insulin secretion. In recent years, more and more studies have revealed the association between IR and the occurrence and development of cancer, with the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway possibly playing a crucial role. In this article, we will focus on the relationship between IR and lung cancer, explore the impact and mechanism of IR on the development, progression and drug resistance of lung cancer. It may guide the development of new predictive tools and therapeutic strategies, and provide new ideas for research dedicated to reducing the incidence and mortality of lung cancer.
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Thoracic surgery encompasses the diagnosis and treatment of various chest diseases such as lung cancer, esophageal cancer, and mediastinal tumors. The treatment plans for these diseases are complex and often involve a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, each with different impacts on the patient's quality of life. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and shared decision-making (SDM) are becoming increasingly important in this field. PRO allows patients to directly report their health status and the effects of treatment, aiding doctors in adjusting treatment plans. SDM ensures that treatment plans align with the patient's personal values and preferences through information sharing and joint decision-making. The comprehensive application of PRO and SDM can enhance patient satisfaction and treatment outcomes, though it also faces challenges such as data collection and time management. Future research should focus on developing more efficient PRO tools and SDM processes to improve patient-centered healthcare quality.
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Porphyromonas gingivalis is a key pathogenic microorganism that triggers periodontitis. It is closely associated with oral diseases such as chronic periodontitis and recently found to have a significant correlation with the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of cancer. As the leading malignant tumor in terms of both incidence and mortality worldwide, lung cancer has always been a focus and hotspot of research. The causes of lung cancer are complex and involve multiple factors, including smoking, occupational factors, air pollution, ionizing radiation, diet and nutrition, genetic factors, etc. Researchers have also begun to pay attention to the relationship between oral microbiota and overall health, especially the link with lung cancer. The article summarizes the latest advancements in research on Porphyromonas gingivalis in lung cancer, primarily encompassing etiology and pathogenic mechanisms, and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for lung cancer, aiming to provide new insights and directions for lung cancer prevention and treatment strategies.
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Background: Pembrolizumab (PEM) has been shown to be effective in clinical trials for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but clinical trials were based on cohorts of patients selected on specific criteria, and whether the findings are consistent with real-world patients is debatable. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PEM in the treatment of advanced NSCLC based on real-world data.

Methods: A retrospective collection of real-world data from patients with advanced NSCLC receiving PEM was conducted. Propensity score matching was used to eliminate inter-group differences and assess the efficacy and safety of PEM compared to chemotherapy.

Results: Among 450 matched patients, the incidence rates of any-grade adverse events were 79.87% in the PEM group and 86.71% in the chemotherapy group, while the incidence rates of grade ≥3 adverse events were 4.03% and 7.31%, respectively. The objective response rates were 48.63% for PEM and 36.00% for chemotherapy (P=0.011). The median progression-free survival was 15.5 months for PEM and 8.8 months for chemotherapy (P<0.001), and the median overall survival was not reached for PEM and 26.2 months for chemotherapy (P<0.001).

Conclusions: PEM treatment for advanced NSCLC demonstrates favorable survival outcomes and acceptable safety in real-world clinical practice.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant global health burden, and there is an urgent need for new treatment options. Trophoblast cell surface antigen-2 (TROP-2), a target closely associated with NSCLC prognosis, has become a research hotspot in recent years. Notably, TROP-2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have made groundbreaking advances in NSCLC therapy. Clinical studies have demonstrated that certain TROP-2 ADCs can significantly improve progression-free survival in previously treated patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC, regardless of the presence of actionable genomic alterations. These agents have shown promising potential in both frontline and subsequent treatment settings. In terms of safety, while adverse effects affecting the hematologic, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems are generally manageable, close clinical monitoring and timely management are still required. In conclusion, TROP-2 ADCs hold great promise in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent and deadliest cancers worldwide. While the use of targeted therapies and immunotherapies in precision medicine has improved outcomes for some patients, a significant portion of individuals still fail to benefit, emphasizing the need to investigate the underlying mechanisms of resistance. Survival analyses have shown that NSCLC patients with SMARCA4 mutations often have poor prognoses. SMARCA4, the core ATPase subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, plays a critical role in regulating gene transcription by modifying chromatin accessibility. This influences essential cellular processes such as differentiation and cell cycle regulation, and SMARCA4 is widely regarded as a tumor suppressor. This review will explore the role of SMARCA4 mutations in tumor progression, its clinicopathological features in NSCLC, its impact on treatment outcomes, and potential therapeutic strategies.
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