中国肺癌杂志最新文献

The regulation of the cell cycle is essential for maintaining normal cellular function, especially in the development of diseases such as lung cancer. The cell cycle consists of four major phases (G1, S, G2 and M phases), which are characterized by a series of precise molecular events to ensure proper cell proliferation and division. In lung cancer cells, cell cycle dysregulation can lead to disordered proliferation and increased invasiveness of cancer cells. G2 and S-phase expressed 1 (GTSE1) is a regulatory protein found in the cytoplasm of the cell, which plays a key role in the cell cycle distribution of a wide range of cancer cells and is involved in life processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis. GTSE1 affects cell cycle progression by interacting with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) and maintaining the stability of p21, which in turn inhibits the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1/2 (CDK1/2). In addition, GTSE1 is also involved in the regulation of tumor protein 53 (p53) signaling pathway. With the assistance of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2), GTSE1 is able to transport p53 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and promote its ubiquitination and degradation, thus affecting cell cycle and cell death-related signaling pathways. This paper reviews the expression of GTSE1 in lung cancer cells and its effects on lung cancer, as well as its potential mechanisms involved in cell cycle regulation.
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Background: A reasonable and standardized dietary plan and procedure can help patients recovering quickly from lung cancer surgery. The aim of this study is to optimize the diet plan and procedure mainly based on medium chain triglyceride (MCT) diet and explore its clinical advantages for postoperative lung cancer patients.

Methods: From October 2023 to December 2023, a total of 156 patients were collected, who underwent lung cancer surgery in Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The patients were randomized into MCT group (76 cases) and routine diet (RD) group (80 cases). Clinical symptoms, biochemical index, postoperative hospitalization time and cost, dietary satisfaction and hospitalization comfort between the two groups were analyzed.

Results: The mean anus exhausting time in MCT group [24.00 (9.75, 36.97) h] was significantly shorter than that in RD group [28.50 (24.00, 48.00) h] (P<0.001). And the incidence of dizziness (18.42%), nausea and vomiting (6.58%) in MCT group were remarkably lower than those in RD group (51.25%, 31.25%) (P<0.001). Hospitalization comfort score in MCT group [(16.74±1.70)] was significantly higher than that in RD group [(14.83±2.34)] (P=0.016). Meanwhile, the average hospitalization cost in MCT group [(39,701.82±8105.47)¥] showed an obvious decrease compared with RD group [(44,511.79±9593.19)¥] (P=0.007).

Conclusions: Optimizing the dietary plan and procedure mainly based on MCT diet for postoperative lung cancer patients can help the recovery of gastrointestinal function and improve hospitalization comfort, which promoted overall postoperative rehabilitation of patients with lung cancer surgery.

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, of which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the majority. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has greatly changed the treatment strategy of NSCLC and improved the prognosis of patients. However, in reality, only a small number of patients can achieve long-term benefit. Therefore, the identification of reliable predictive biomarkers is essential for the selection of treatment modalities. With the development of molecular biology and genome sequencing technology in recent years, as well as the in-depth understanding of tumor and its host immune microenvironment, research on biomarkers has emerged in an endless stream. This review focuses on the predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC, in order to provide some guidance for precision immunotherapy.
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To alleviate the medical burden of lung cancer surgery and facilitate the implementation of the national hierarchical diagnosis and treatment policy, it is imperative to establish a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system for day surgery of lung cancer. Identifying key quality control checkpoints in day surgery of lung cancer is essential to enhance medical quality, ensure safety, and improve the efficiency of medical services. These efforts aim to uphold a safe and well-structured progression of day surgery practices in China. The Chinese Expert Consensus Group on Day Surgery Management of Lung Cancer has convened national experts in relevant fields and integrated the latest research findings from both domestic and international sources to craft the Chinese Expert Consensus on Day Surgery Management of Lung Cancer (2024 Edition). This consensus is founded on the principles of holistic management of lung cancer surgery and comprehensive patient care throughout their medical journey. It encompasses preoperative assessments, anesthesia protocols, surgical procedures, postoperative care, hospital-community collaboration initiatives, and emergency response strategies. The primary objective of this expert consensus is to furnish research assistance and clinical recommendations to advance the practice of day surgery for lung cancer patients in China.
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Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality rate worldwide. For lung adenocarcinoma, identifying specific gene mutations, fusions, and giving corresponding targeted drugs can greatly improve the survival time of the patients. Among them, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion occurs in 3%-7% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In clinical practice, a variety of detection methods can be used to determine the ALK fusion status, but false negative test results are possible. This paper retrospectively analyzed the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with lung adenocarcinoma, judged the ALK fusion status by various detection methods. Among them, immunohistochemistry (IHC)(Ventana D5F3), RNA based next-generation sequencing (RNA-based NGS) confirmed positive echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion, while DNA-based NGS was negative. This paper analyzed the detection methods of ALK fusion, in order to clarify which detection method is the most accurate and simple to choose in different clinical cases and guide the subsequent treatment.
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Background: Lung cancer is the cancer with the highest incidence and mortality rates in China, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80%-85% of all malignant lung tumors. Currently, surgical treatment remains the primary treatment modality for lung cancer. In recent years, the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors for NSCLC has become a consensus, and neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has shown promising efficacy and safety in early to intermediate stage NSCLC. However, there are fewer studies related to nICT for locally advanced NSCLC. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nICT therapy in locally advanced resectable NSCLC.

Methods: 85 confirmed resectable stage IIIA and IIIB patients treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, from January 2021 to April 2024, were divided into the nICT group (n=32) and the surgery alone group (n=53). Clinical baseline data, perioperative indicators, postoperative complications, imaging response rate, pathological response rate, incidence of adverse events, and quality of life were compared between the two groups.

Results: There were no statistically significant differences in clinical baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). Incidence of choosing thoracotomy was higher in the nICT group than in the surgery alone group (P=0.002). There were no significant differences in surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, number of dissected lymph nodes, duration of chest tube placement, postoperative hospital stay, and R0 resection rate between the two groups (P>0.05). The overall incidence of postoperative complications was 31.25% in the nICT group and 22.64% in the surgery alone group, with no statistically significant difference (P=0.380). In the nICT group, the objective response rate (ORR) was 84.38%, with 5 cases of complete response (CR)(15.63%), 22 cases of partial response (PR)(68.75%), 15 cases of pathological response rate (pCR)(46.88%), and 11 cases of major pathological reaponse (MPR) (34.38%). During nICT treatment, 12 cases (37.50%) experienced grade 3 treatment-related adverse events, no death induced by adverse events or immune related adverse events. Moreover, the symptoms of the patients were improved after nICT treatment.

Conclusions: Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy shows promising efficacy in locally advanced resectable NSCLC, with manageable treatment-related adverse events. It is a safe and feasible neoadjuvant treatment modality for locally advanced resectable NSCLC.

NUT carcinoma (nuclear protein in testis carcinoma) is a rare and highly invasive malignant tumor, which is most common in midline organs and lungs. The characteristic genetic change of NUT carcinoma is the rearrangement of NUT middle carcinoma family member 1 (NUTM1) gene. In this article, we will review the pathogenic mechanism of its most common fusion form, bromodomaincontaining protein 4 (BRD4)-NUTM1 fusion gene, and the progress in the research and development of targeting drugs.
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Post translational modifications (PTMs) can change the properties of a protein by covalent addition of functional groups to one or more amino acids, and influence almost all aspects of normal cell biology and pathogenesis. Lactylation is a novel identified PTM, and has been found in both histone and non-histone proteins. Since associated with the end product of glycolysis-- lactate, lactylation modification could provide a new perspective for understanding the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications. Accumulated evidences suggest that lactylation play important roles in tumor progression and links to poor prognosis in clinical studies. Histone lactylation can affect gene expression in tumor cells and immunological cells, further promoting tumor progression and immune suppression. Lactylation on non-histone proteins can also regulate tumor progression and drug resistance. In this review, we aimed to summarize the roles of lactylation in cancer progression, microenvironment interactions and immune suppression, try to identify new molecular targets for cancer therapy and provide a new direction for combined targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
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Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the second most common malignant tumor in terms of mortality in the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of lung cancer. Currently, the first-line standard treatment for advanced NSCLC is immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Although these treatments prolong the survival of patients, acquired drug resistance is still inevitable. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new type of anti-tumor drug made by coupling cytotoxic payloads to specific monoclonal antibodies via linkers. Compared with chemotherapy drugs, ADCs have the advantages of accurate recognition, local release, and high patient tolerance. In recent years, they have shown good clinical benefits in the treatment of NSCLC. This article provides an overview of the mechanism of action of ADCs, clinical studies progress in advanced NSCLC, and existing problems and challenges.
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Background: Both of lung cancer incidence and mortality rank first among all cancers in China. Previous lung cancer screening trials were mostly selective screening for high-risk groups such as smokers. Non-smoking women accounted for a considerable proportion of lung cancer cases in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of community-based mass screening in Guangzhou and identify the high-risk factors for lung cancer.

Methods: Residents aged 40-74 years in Guangzhou were screened with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for lung cancer and the pulmonary nodules were classified and managed according to China National Lung Cancer Screening Guideline with Low-dose Computed Tomography (2018 version). The detection rate of positive nodules was calculated. Before the LDCT examination, residents were required to complete a "lung cancer risk factors questionnaire". The risk factors of the questionnaire were analyzed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized Logistic regression analysis.

Results: A total of 6256 residents were included in this study. 1228 positive nodules (19.63%) and 117 lung cancers were confirmed, including 6 cases of Tis, 103 cases of stage I (accounting for 88.03% of lung cancer). The results of LASSO penalized Logistic regression analysis indicated that age ≥50 yr (OR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.06-1.07), history of cancer (OR=3.29, 95%CI: 3.22-3.37), textile industry (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.08-1.13), use coal for cooking in childhood (OR=1.14, 95%CI: 1.13-1.16) and food allergy (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 1.07-1.13) were risk factors of lung cancer for female in this district.

Conclusions: This study highlighted that numerous early stages of lung cancer cases were detected by LDCT, which could be applied to screening of lung cancer in women. Besides, age ≥50 yr, personal history of cancer, textile industry and use coal for cooking in childhood are risk factors for women in this district, which suggested that it's high time to raise the awareness of early lung cancer screening in this group.