Pub Date : 2024-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100530
Noura Allaoui , Josep Deví
Introduction
Life expectancy in the elderly population is constantly increasing, as is the incidence of loneliness. This phenomenon in this population can manifest itself objectively or subjectively and persist over time, increasing the risk of physical and psychological health problems, including suicidal ideation and its consummation.
Development
The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the impact of loneliness, both objective and subjective, as a risk factor for suicide in people over 60 years of age. The electronic databases of PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched and the evidence was reviewed following the PRISMA criteria. Of the 1,335 articles registered, 15 were selected that met the inclusion criteria.
Conclusions
The results obtained indicate that suicidal ideation in this group ranges between 5.1% and 42%, that the feeling of loneliness fluctuates between 1.6% and 42.16% and that people living alone show a greater propensity to suicidal ideation. The relationship between loneliness and suicide was significant (p < 0.001) in most studies, identifying loneliness as a risk factor. Social support, one of the variables analyzed, was shown to be a protective factor.
老年人口的预期寿命在不断增加，孤独的发生率也在不断增加。这一现象在这一人群中可以客观或主观地表现出来，并长期存在，增加了身体和心理健康问题的风险，包括自杀意念及其最终实现。本系统综述的目的是分析孤独的影响，客观和主观，作为60岁以上人群自杀的危险因素。检索PubMed、PsycInfo、Web of Science和EMBASE的电子数据库，并按照PRISMA标准对证据进行审查。在登记的1335篇文章中，有15篇符合纳入标准。结论该人群自杀意念率在5.1% ~ 42%之间，孤独感在1.6% ~ 42.16%之间波动，独居人群的自杀意念倾向更大。孤独感与自杀之间存在显著关系(p <；在大多数研究中，0.001)，确定孤独是一个风险因素。社会支持，分析的变量之一，被证明是一个保护因素。
{"title":"La soledad como factor de riesgo del suicidio en personas mayores de 60 años: una revisión sistemática","authors":"Noura Allaoui , Josep Deví","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Life expectancy in the elderly population is constantly increasing, as is the incidence of loneliness. This phenomenon in this population can manifest itself objectively or subjectively and persist over time, increasing the risk of physical and psychological health problems, including suicidal ideation and its consummation.</div></div><div><h3>Development</h3><div>The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the impact of loneliness, both objective and subjective, as a risk factor for suicide in people over 60 years of age. The electronic databases of PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and EMBASE were searched and the evidence was reviewed following the PRISMA criteria. Of the 1,335 articles registered, 15 were selected that met the inclusion criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results obtained indicate that suicidal ideation in this group ranges between 5.1% and 42%, that the feeling of loneliness fluctuates between 1.6% and 42.16% and that people living alone show a greater propensity to suicidal ideation. The relationship between loneliness and suicide was significant (<em>p</em> < 0.001) in most studies, identifying loneliness as a risk factor. Social support, one of the variables analyzed, was shown to be a protective factor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 2","pages":"Article 100530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100523
Pablo del Sol Calderón, Angela Izquierdo de la Puente, María García Moreno, Leticia Mallol Castaño, Inmaculada Palanca Maresca, Monica Diaz de Neira
The suicidal behavior among adolescents has shown a significant increase in the last decade, according to a study by the ANAR Foundation. Subsequently, there is a highlighted increase of 128% in the post-COVID-19 period. This study aims to analyze the reasons for admission and sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents hospitalized in 2023. An observational descriptive study was conducted at the Puerta de Hierro University Hospital. Out of the 229 recorded admissions, 78.6% were females and 21.4% males, with a mean age of 15.07 years. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were the main reasons for admission, with drug overdose being the most common method. The main diagnoses at discharge were mixed emotions and behavior disorder onset in childhood and adolescence, and adaptive disorder. The majority had a history of mental health problems. These findings reinforce the importance of prevention and early intervention programs to address suicide as an urgent public health issue.
{"title":"Estudio descriptivo de la conducta suicida en adolescentes hospitalizados en la unidad de psiquiatría de un hospital de Madrid durante 2023","authors":"Pablo del Sol Calderón, Angela Izquierdo de la Puente, María García Moreno, Leticia Mallol Castaño, Inmaculada Palanca Maresca, Monica Diaz de Neira","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The suicidal behavior among adolescents has shown a significant increase in the last decade, according to a study by the ANAR Foundation. Subsequently, there is a highlighted increase of 128% in the post-COVID-19 period. This study aims to analyze the reasons for admission and sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents hospitalized in 2023. An observational descriptive study was conducted at the Puerta de Hierro University Hospital. Out of the 229 recorded admissions, 78.6% were females and 21.4% males, with a mean age of 15.07 years. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were the main reasons for admission, with drug overdose being the most common method. The main diagnoses at discharge were mixed emotions and behavior disorder onset in childhood and adolescence, and adaptive disorder. The majority had a history of mental health problems. These findings reinforce the importance of prevention and early intervention programs to address suicide as an urgent public health issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100520
María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares , Miguel Jiménez Blázquez
The objective of this communication is to describe the etiological mechanisms that allow us to differentiate primary psychopathy (with greater weight of biological mechanisms for its development) and secondary psychopathy (greater relevance of social variables).
{"title":"Diferencias etiológicas entre la psicopatía primaria y secundaria","authors":"María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares , Miguel Jiménez Blázquez","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this communication is to describe the etiological mechanisms that allow us to differentiate primary psychopathy (with greater weight of biological mechanisms for its development) and secondary psychopathy (greater relevance of social variables).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100525
Ángela Izquierdo de la Puente, Pablo del Sol Calderón, María García Moreno
Introduction and objectives
We present the case of a male patient, who has been under follow-up since he was 12 years old due to obsessive symptomatology and phonological tics. After years of specific treatment for such symptomatology, at the age of 19 he debuts with complex generalized seizures, being diagnosed with epilepsy complex generalized seizures, being diagnosed with epilepsy. As a result of this case, a brief review is made on the relationship between both entities.
Case presentation
The patient began his follow-up in Mental Health at the age of 12, first with the infantile-juvenile team, being diagnosed with OCD. In view of this obsessive-compulsive disorder, his child and adolescent psychiatrist, in addition to prescribing treatment with sertraline 100 mg DMD, performed cognitive-behavioral therapy. After five years of treatment, the patient improved to such an extent that he was able to withdraw the pharmacological treatment and be discharged from follow-up care and he could be discharged from his follow-up in Mental Health.
After a year of stability, he was diagnosed with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. For this reason, it was decided to start treatment again with sertraline 100 mg DMD and cognitive therapy. With the pharmacological treatment and psychotherapeutic follow-up, the symptomatology improves moderately, although without disappearing completely.
After six months of treatment with SSRIs and cognitive behavioral therapy, the patient debuted with a tonic-clonic seizure, which required hospital admission for study and diagnosis. He was diagnosed with epilepsy, receiving treatment with topiramate at 200 mg DMD. Since the beginning of anticonvulsant treatment, the symptomatology of tics has subsided until its disappearance.
Discussion
Although they are different entities, and it is necessary to perform an adequate differential diagnosis, it seems that both differential diagnosis is necessary, it seems that as much the crisis as the tics share similarities in their physiopathology. In addition to the classic treatments, antiepileptics can be used.
{"title":"Guilles de la Tourette y epilepsia","authors":"Ángela Izquierdo de la Puente, Pablo del Sol Calderón, María García Moreno","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objectives</h3><div>We present the case of a male patient, who has been under follow-up since he was 12 years old due to obsessive symptomatology and phonological tics. After years of specific treatment for such symptomatology, at the age of 19 he debuts with complex generalized seizures, being diagnosed with epilepsy complex generalized seizures, being diagnosed with epilepsy. As a result of this case, a brief review is made on the relationship between both entities.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>The patient began his follow-up in Mental Health at the age of 12, first with the infantile-juvenile team, being diagnosed with OCD. In view of this obsessive-compulsive disorder, his child and adolescent psychiatrist, in addition to prescribing treatment with sertraline 100 mg DMD, performed cognitive-behavioral therapy. After five years of treatment, the patient improved to such an extent that he was able to withdraw the pharmacological treatment and be discharged from follow-up care and he could be discharged from his follow-up in Mental Health.</div><div>After a year of stability, he was diagnosed with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. For this reason, it was decided to start treatment again with sertraline 100 mg DMD and cognitive therapy. With the pharmacological treatment and psychotherapeutic follow-up, the symptomatology improves moderately, although without disappearing completely.</div><div>After six months of treatment with SSRIs and cognitive behavioral therapy, the patient debuted with a tonic-clonic seizure, which required hospital admission for study and diagnosis. He was diagnosed with epilepsy, receiving treatment with topiramate at 200 mg DMD. Since the beginning of anticonvulsant treatment, the symptomatology of tics has subsided until its disappearance.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Although they are different entities, and it is necessary to perform an adequate differential diagnosis, it seems that both differential diagnosis is necessary, it seems that as much the crisis as the tics share similarities in their physiopathology. In addition to the classic treatments, antiepileptics can be used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100522
Ana Jiménez Bidón
Suicidal behavior in adolescents has increased in recent years and consequently the psychiatric hospitalization due to the suicidal risk.
In this article, a study is carried out on adolescents who are psychiatric inpatients in the Hospital 12 de Octubre in Madrid. The reasons for admission to a psychiatric hospital are analyzed and they show that the most common reason is risk of self-injury, whether suicidal ideation or frustrated suicide attempt. The methods used in suicide attempts are also studied. The results obtained are discussed and the importance of establishing adequate measures for the prevention and intervention of suicidal behavior is emphasized.
{"title":"Riesgo autolítico en la población adolescente","authors":"Ana Jiménez Bidón","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suicidal behavior in adolescents has increased in recent years and consequently the psychiatric hospitalization due to the suicidal risk.</div><div>In this article, a study is carried out on adolescents who are psychiatric inpatients in the Hospital 12 de Octubre in Madrid. The reasons for admission to a psychiatric hospital are analyzed and they show that the most common reason is risk of self-injury, whether suicidal ideation or frustrated suicide attempt. The methods used in suicide attempts are also studied. The results obtained are discussed and the importance of establishing adequate measures for the prevention and intervention of suicidal behavior is emphasized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100522"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100518
María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares , Miguel Jiménez Blázquez
Spanish jurisprudence does not declare psychopathy as an exculpatory circumstance from criminal liability, understanding that, although it may be considered as a psychological alteration, the assessment of the intellectual and volitional capacities does not prevent the person from being responsible for their actions.
{"title":"Psicopatía y tratamiento de la responsabilidad criminal","authors":"María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares , Miguel Jiménez Blázquez","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spanish jurisprudence does not declare psychopathy as an exculpatory circumstance from criminal liability, understanding that, although it may be considered as a psychological alteration, the assessment of the intellectual and volitional capacities does not prevent the person from being responsible for their actions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100519
Miguel Jiménez Blázquez , María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares
The evaluation of a possible inability to make decisions must be careful to respect the principle of patient autonomy and to preserve the ethical principle of non-maleficence. The presumption that the patient retains his de facto capacity must always prevail. The Aid to Capacity Evaluation is the most appropriate tool for assessment in Liaison Psychiatry.
{"title":"Evaluación de la capacidad de hecho en interconsulta psiquiátrica","authors":"Miguel Jiménez Blázquez , María Parrondo Pérez-Olivares","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of a possible inability to make decisions must be careful to respect the principle of patient autonomy and to preserve the ethical principle of non-maleficence. The presumption that the patient retains his de facto capacity must always prevail. The Aid to Capacity Evaluation is the most appropriate tool for assessment in Liaison Psychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 1","pages":"Article 100519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe technique in which adverse effects are usually mild and self-limited. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological entity characterized by encephalopathy, headache, seizures and visual alterations of acute evolution, caused by noxas that produce endothelial damage with vasogenic edema in the cerebral vessels. PRES has been described as a rare neurological complication associated of ECT. A case report is proposed to facilitate PRES recognition and management.
Material and methods
We present a clinical case report of a young woman with diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorder who was admitted due to a torpid evolution, who in the context of an ECT trial, suffered a PRES. Informed consent was obtained for every test performed, and for the use of their results in this publication. This publication complies with the agreements of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Results
The patient presented a spontaneous and complete recovery within a week, with no alterations on the MRI and no new neurological symptoms during admission or in the months after discharge. Even so, it was decided to suspend the ECT sessions.
Discussion
Patient’s symptoms were highly suggestive of PRES. MRI findings were unremarkable, which we attribute to the characteristic reversibility of the syndrome and the patients’ rapid clinical recovery after discontinuation of ECT.
Conclusion
Despite its reversibility and good prognosis, it is important to know this entity as a possible complication of ECT to facilitate its early recognition and improve the management and prognosis of our patients.
{"title":"Síndrome de encefalopatía posterior reversible tras la terapia electroconvulsiva","authors":"Andrea Jiménez-Mayoral , Emilio Ruiz-Fernández , Aurora Torrent-Seto , Iolanda Batalla-Llordes","doi":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psiq.2024.100515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe technique in which adverse effects are usually mild and self-limited. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a clinical-radiological entity characterized by encephalopathy, headache, seizures and visual alterations of acute evolution, caused by noxas that produce endothelial damage with vasogenic edema in the cerebral vessels. PRES has been described as a rare neurological complication associated of ECT. A case report is proposed to facilitate PRES recognition and management.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We present a clinical case report of a young woman with diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder and eating disorder who was admitted due to a torpid evolution, who in the context of an ECT trial, suffered a PRES. Informed consent was obtained for every test performed, and for the use of their results in this publication. This publication complies with the agreements of the Declaration of Helsinki.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patient presented a spontaneous and complete recovery within a week, with no alterations on the MRI and no new neurological symptoms during admission or in the months after discharge. Even so, it was decided to suspend the ECT sessions.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Patient’s symptoms were highly suggestive of PRES. MRI findings were unremarkable, which we attribute to the characteristic reversibility of the syndrome and the patients’ rapid clinical recovery after discontinuation of ECT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Despite its reversibility and good prognosis, it is important to know this entity as a possible complication of ECT to facilitate its early recognition and improve the management and prognosis of our patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":39337,"journal":{"name":"Psiquiatria Biologica","volume":"32 2","pages":"Article 100515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142661802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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