Psiquiatria Biologica最新文献

英文中文

An observational study of long-term psychotropic use: patient perspectives of benefits and adverse effects 一项长期精神药物使用的观察性研究：患者对获益和不良反应的看法

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100887

Kothai Ramalingam , Pradeep Chandrasekaran , Akash Thirumalai , Balaji Kumar , Bergin Vinads Aliver , Nagappan Andiappan , Arul Balasubramanian

Psychotropic medications have improved the lives of people with mental disorders, and many people have gone on to live full lives with the help of these medications. Psychotropic medications have been associated with a variety of side effects, including neurotoxicity. It was an observational study with the aim of analyzing the patients’ perception of the benefits and adverse effects of long-term use of psychotropic drugs. This study was conducted for the period of 6 months (January – June 2023) and data of n = 101 were collected from the patients who had attended both the outpatient and inpatient psychiatric department of a tertiary care hospital. All the side effects are analyzed by using the Toronto side effect scale (TSES), and the data were analyzed with SPSS (version 27). In this study, 27 different psychotropic medications were prescribed. The most prescribed psychotropic medications are Clonazepam, Risperidone, and Sertraline. The overall Toronto side effect scale adverse effect frequency and severity were 35.24 ± 4.22 and 35.02 ± 3.85. The comprehensive qualitative response of the patients is categorized as medication helped them to cope with life: Helped to get by (n = 55), Helped to function well (n = 15), Problems with psychotropic treatment: withdrawal (n = 15), and Impact on self (n = 15). From this study, it was concluded that long-term use of psychotropics caused mild adverse effects as per the Toronto side effect scale. The quality of life after the treatment with psychotropics was found to be improved in all the patients.

精神药物改善了精神障碍患者的生活，许多人在这些药物的帮助下过上了充实的生活。精神药物有各种各样的副作用，包括神经毒性。这是一项观察性研究，目的是分析患者对长期使用精神药物的益处和不良反应的看法。本研究的时间为6个 月（2023年1月- 6月），数据为n = 101，来自于一家三级医院精神科门诊和住院的患者。所有副作用采用多伦多副作用量表（Toronto side effect scale, tse）进行分析，数据采用SPSS （version 27）软件进行分析。在这项研究中，医生开了27种不同的精神药物。最常用的精神药物是氯硝西泮、利培酮和舍曲林。总体多伦多不良反应量表不良反应频次和严重程度分别为35.24 ± 4.22和35.02 ± 3.85。患者的综合定性反应分为药物帮助他们应对生活：帮助他们度过（n = 55），帮助他们正常运作（n = 15），精神药物治疗问题：戒断（n = 15）和对自我的影响（n = 15）。从这项研究中，可以得出结论，长期使用精神类药物会造成轻微的副作用，根据多伦多副作用量表。所有患者经精神药物治疗后生活质量均有改善。

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引用次数: 0

Neurofisiología y estructura encefálicas masculina y femenina: pensamiento y conducta 男性和女性的神经生理学和大脑结构：思想和行为

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100886

José Manuel Bertolín-Guillén

This contribution aims to elucidate the current state of scientific knowledge about people's brain physio-anatomical similarities and differences according to their biological sex. It is an updated, mix-method qualitative, narrative review with n = 124 selected references. A hypothetical unisex or polymorphic brain does not exist. Brain sexual dimorphism represents the foundation of personality and behavioral trends. There are very probable micro structural sexual differences of subcortical regions, including hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus and accumbens nucleus. There are sexual disparities in the morbid condition of gender discordance as well as in pain threshold. In non-pathological environments, differences in some specific abilities and several aspects of social cognition are observed. To date, research on particular male and female brain organizations has not been fully conclusive, but strongly circumstantial. Psychopathologically, externalizing and internalized symptomatology, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, early use of psychoactive substances, altered cognitive function (more frequent in mature men) and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease (more frequent in women) are often sexually different. In women, estradiol levels influence the connectivity of nets underlying emotional regulation and reactivity. Men tend to show higher activation in areas related to cognitive reflection. As a conclusion, it can be stated that sexual differences are and must continue being crucial in brain basic biophysiology and physiopathology research.

这一贡献的目的是阐明科学知识的现状，人们的大脑生理解剖相似性和差异性根据他们的生理性别。这是一个更新的，混合方法定性，叙述性回顾与n = 124个选定的参考文献。假设的男女皆宜或多态大脑并不存在。大脑性别二态性是人格和行为倾向的基础。皮层下区域，包括海马、杏仁核、丘脑和伏隔核，很可能存在微观结构上的性别差异。在性别失调的病态状态和疼痛阈值上存在性别差异。在非病理环境中，观察到某些特定能力和社会认知方面的差异。迄今为止，对特定的男性和女性大脑组织的研究还没有完全结论性，但有很强的间接证据。精神病理学、外化和内化症状、注意缺陷多动障碍、自闭症、早期使用精神活性物质、认知功能改变（更常见于成熟男性）和阿尔茨海默病等神经退行性疾病（更常见于女性）往往在性别上有所不同。在女性中，雌二醇水平影响着潜在情绪调节和反应的神经网络的连通性。男性在与认知反射相关的区域往往表现出更高的激活程度。综上所述，性别差异在脑基础生物生理学和生理病理学研究中是而且必须继续是至关重要的。

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引用次数: 0

Consanguinidad: un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad mental grave. Estudio histórico sobre hermanastros de familias reales europeas 血友病：严重精神疾病的危险因素。欧洲王室同父异母兄弟的历史研究

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100882

Ángel Royuela-Rico , Ricardo Gallardo-Ponce , Cristina Liaño-Arriola , Estefanía Paula Usuna-Sosa

Introduction

There is not a general agreement about the role of consanguinity as a risk factor for severe mental illnesses, because previous research has produced conflicting results.

Method

A historical study about mental illness cases in ancient European royal families was made. Family trees of individuals belonging to these lineages were created, going back more than 24 generations, obtaining a database of 29,542 individuals, for which the Inbreeding Coefficient (F_i) was determined. The historical literature was then searched to see if there had been pairs of stepsiblings, one of whom had suffered from a serious mental illness, and the other had not. The statistical study showed that the distribution of the data did not conform to normality, so non-parametric tests (median and Wilcoxon tests) were applied.

Results

Of the total subjects, 13,382 were women, and 16,160 were men. The average F_i of the total sample was 0.263105 ± 1.08343. The F_i was slightly higher for women (0.300381 ± 1.16206) than for men (0.232158 ± 0.101241), this difference being statistically significant (p < 0.001) in the median test for independent samples. When analyzing the subsample of stepsiblings, the F_i was in all cases higher in the sick than in the healthy. In the sick, the mean F_i was 11.3158 ± 9.24908, while, in the healthy, it was 1.76254 ± 1.96504 (Z = −2,521; p < 0.05 Wilcoxon signed-rank test).

Conclusion

These findings constitute new evidence about the importance of genetics, and, in particular, consanguinity in the etiopathogenesis of serious mental illnesses. However, further studies are needed to more clearly establish whether consanguinity constitutes a risk factor in this regard.

关于血缘关系作为严重精神疾病的风险因素的作用并没有一个普遍的共识，因为以前的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果。方法对欧洲古代皇室的精神疾病病例进行历史研究。建立了24代以上的家谱，得到29542个个体的近交系数（Inbreeding Coefficient, Fi）。然后，他们搜索了历史文献，看看是否有一对继兄弟姐妹，其中一个患有严重的精神疾病，而另一个没有。统计研究表明，数据分布不符合正态性，因此采用非参数检验（中位数检验和Wilcoxon检验）。结果女性13382人，男性16160人。总样品的平均Fi值为0.263105 ± 1.08343。女性的Fi（0.300381 ± 1.16206）略高于男性（0.232158 ± 0.101241），在独立样本的中位数检验中，这一差异具有统计学意义（p <； 0.001）。在分析同父异母兄弟姐妹的子样本时，在所有情况下，患病的Fi都高于健康的Fi。患者平均Fi为11.3158 ± 9.24908，健康者平均Fi为1.76254 ± 1.96504 （Z = −2521;p <； 0.05 Wilcoxon sign -rank检验）。结论这些发现为遗传学，特别是血缘关系在严重精神疾病发病机制中的重要性提供了新的证据。然而，需要进一步的研究来更清楚地确定亲属关系是否构成这方面的危险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression among cancer patients in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis 印度癌症患者焦虑和抑郁的患病率及相关因素：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100884

Biplab Pal , Vaibhav Chaudhary , Bhavya Sharma , Sweta Kumari , Sarasa Meenakshi , Krishna Murti , Nitesh Kumar

Depression and anxiety are common among cancer patients in India, significantly impacting treatment adherence, quality of life, and outcomes. This study aimed to estimate their pooled prevalence and identify key contributing factors. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Analysis was performed in RStudio (v. 4.2.2) using a random-effects model. Quality assessment of the included studies was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The pooled prevalence of depression among 4684 cancer patients from 21 studies was 41.6% (95% CI: 32.2–51.3), with high heterogeneity (I² = 97.8%). Anxiety prevalence among 3334 patients from 15 studies was 42.4% (95% CI: 32.0–53.2), also with high heterogeneity (I² = 97.4%). Depression was most common in studies involving patients with mixed cancer types (51.9%), followed by breast cancer (28.0%) and head and neck cancer (23.0%). Anxiety was highest in the southern (70.4%) and eastern (69.1%) regions. Among assessment tools, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) showed the highest rates of both depression (80.3%) and anxiety (67.9%). Factors significantly associated with depression and anxiety included low income, low literacy levels, and receiving chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgical treatment. Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent among cancer patients in India. Integrating mental health services into cancer care, alongside regular screening and evidence-based interventions, is essential to address this burden.

抑郁和焦虑在印度癌症患者中很常见，显著影响治疗依从性、生活质量和结果。本研究旨在估计其总患病率并确定关键因素。根据PRISMA指南进行了系统评价和荟萃分析。相关研究检索自PubMed、Embase、Scopus和谷歌Scholar。在RStudio （v. 4.2.2）中使用随机效应模型进行分析。采用乔安娜布里格斯研究所的检查表对纳入的研究进行质量评估。21项研究中4684名癌症患者的抑郁症总患病率为41.6% (95% CI: 32.2-51.3)，异质性较高（I2 = 97.8%）。15项研究中3334例患者的焦虑患病率为42.4% (95% CI: 32.0-53.2)，异质性也很高（I2 = 97.4%）。在涉及混合癌症类型的患者的研究中，抑郁症最常见（51.9%），其次是乳腺癌（28.0%）和头颈癌（23.0%）。焦虑情绪在南部（70.4%）和东部（69.1%）地区最高。在评估工具中，抑郁焦虑压力量表-21 （DASS-21）显示抑郁（80.3%）和焦虑（67.9%）的比例最高。与抑郁和焦虑显著相关的因素包括低收入、低文化水平、接受化疗、放疗或手术治疗。抑郁和焦虑在印度的癌症患者中非常普遍。将精神卫生服务纳入癌症护理，以及定期筛查和循证干预措施，对于解决这一负担至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

El concepto de heredabilidad en genética conductual y psiquiatría 行为遗传学和精神病学中的遗传概念

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100883

Jesús Enrique Ibáñez Vizoso , Agustín Bermejo Pastor

引用次数: 0

Assistance Interrelationship between Neurology and Psychiatry. Quality of Care Project 神经病学与精神病学的相互关系。护理质素计划

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100885

Álvaro Loewen , Ivana Zamarbide , Javier Pardo , Rodrigo Carmona Camacho , Enrique Baca-García

Introduction

Neurology and psychiatry have historically been considered separate fields despite their shared focus on brain function. This divide, rooted in philosophical differences, is increasingly seen as arbitrary, as both specialties address overlapping neural mechanisms. Collaboration between them is crucial for improving patient care, particularly for comorbid conditions. This study examines professional perspectives on bridging this gap to enhance diagnosis, treatment, and interdisciplinary cooperation. This study aims to explore the relationship between neurology and psychiatry, identify challenges in managing comorbid conditions, and propose solutions.

Methods

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among neurologists and psychiatrists at a hospital in Madrid, Spain. Participants, including specialists and residents, completed an online questionnaire assessing their perspectives on interdisciplinary collaboration.

Results

Forty-eight participants (25 neurologists, 23 psychiatrists) were included, with nearly 90% recognizing the brain and mind as a unified entity. Neurologists refused to have a strictly biological model, and psychiatrists advocated integrating biological and psychosocial approaches in their daily clinical activity. Despite these differences, both specialties acknowledged similar challenges. Proposed solutions included interdisciplinary collaboration and improved communication.

Conclusions

Neurologists and psychiatrists recognize their fields' interconnected nature, sharing an understanding of the brain and mind as a single entity. While their therapeutic approaches differ, they agree on key challenges and emphasize the need for integrated care. Strengthening collaboration through interdisciplinary strategies and communication can enhance patient outcomes and bridge the historical divide between the two specialties.

神经病学和精神病学在历史上一直被认为是不同的领域，尽管它们都关注大脑功能。这种源于哲学差异的划分越来越被视为武断，因为这两个专业都涉及重叠的神经机制。他们之间的合作对于改善患者护理至关重要，特别是对于合并症。本研究探讨了弥合这一差距以加强诊断、治疗和跨学科合作的专业观点。本研究旨在探讨神经病学和精神病学之间的关系，确定管理合并症的挑战，并提出解决方案。方法对西班牙马德里一家医院的神经科医生和精神科医生进行了一项观察性横断面研究。包括专家和住院医生在内的参与者完成了一份在线问卷，评估他们对跨学科合作的看法。结果48名参与者（25名神经科医生，23名精神科医生）被纳入研究，其中近90%的人认为大脑和精神是一个统一的实体。神经科医生拒绝采用严格的生物学模型，而精神科医生则主张在日常临床活动中整合生物学和社会心理方法。尽管存在这些差异，但这两个专业都承认面临着类似的挑战。提出的解决方案包括跨学科合作和改善沟通。神经学家和精神科医生认识到他们各自领域的相互联系的本质，将大脑和精神作为一个整体来理解。虽然他们的治疗方法不同，但他们在主要挑战上是一致的，并强调综合护理的必要性。通过跨学科策略和沟通加强合作可以提高患者的治疗效果，并弥合两个专业之间的历史鸿沟。

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引用次数: 0

Trastorno neuropsiquiátrico autoinmune en pediatría: a propósito de un caso 儿科自身免疫性神经精神障碍：以个案为基础

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100880

María Albors Rossi, Laura Prieto Arenas, María Concepción Fernández Milián, Lucía Ros Pérez-Salamero, Pablo de Fez Febre

The case of a 7-year-old patient is presented, with sudden onset of multiple motor and vocal tics following a streptococcal infection, suggesting PANDAS syndrome. On medical examination, elevated ASO levels were found. Other test, including CT, EEG, and ECG, were normal. The patient has received treatment with guanfacine, with improvement of symptoms observed. PANDAS syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder triggered by an autoimmune response following a streptococcal infection, with differential clinical diagnosis from Sydenham's chorea, tic disorder, and Tourette syndrome. Its treatment is comprehensive and includes cognitive-behavioral therapy, antibiotics, and psychopharmacological agents. Further studies are needed to better understand its pathophysiology and management.

本文报告一名7岁患者，链球菌感染后突然出现多发性运动和声带抽搐，提示为PANDAS综合征。体检发现ASO水平升高。其他检查包括CT、EEG、ECG均正常。患者已接受胍法辛治疗，症状有所改善。PANDAS综合征是一种由链球菌感染后的自身免疫反应引发的神经精神疾病，临床诊断与Sydenham舞蹈病、抽动障碍和Tourette综合征有区别。它的治疗是全面的，包括认知行为疗法、抗生素和精神药物。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解其病理生理和治疗。

引用次数: 0

Análisis del estigma de la enfermedad mental en adolescentes 分析青少年精神疾病的耻辱

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100881

Elsa López Bardón, María Menéndez Muñoz, Marina López Miralles, Paula García Vázquez, Cristina Fernández Pardo, Álvaro de Francisco García

Introduction

According to the WHO, mental health is defined as a state of well-being that allows people to cope with life's stressful moments, develop all their skills, be able to learn and work properly, and contribute to the improvement of their community. People who suffer from mental disorders have to face, in addition to the symptoms, the associated social stigma. This can cause limitations both at work and personal level and in their recovery.

Material and methods

This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study, based on the CAMI questionnaire. The sample surveyed is made up of 50 adolescents who come to the consultation of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Team of León.

Results

The stigmatizing perception is greater in adolescents between 15 and 17 years of age, in the female gender and when they lack a family history of Mental Health. The diagnosis with the greatest stigma is Affective Disorders and the least is Intellectual Disability. With respect to the factors in the survey, those that show the greatest stigma are Ideology and Benevolence.

Conclusions

The stigma towards mental illnesses is greater in adolescents between 15 and 17 years of age, of the female gender, without a family history. The diagnoses presented by adolescents who show the greatest stigma are Affective Disorders and those with Intellectual Disability are the least.

根据世界卫生组织的定义，心理健康是一种幸福状态，它使人们能够应对生活中的压力时刻，发展他们的所有技能，能够正确学习和工作，并为改善他们的社区做出贡献。患有精神障碍的人除了症状之外，还必须面对与之相关的社会耻辱。这可能会在工作和个人层面以及恢复过程中造成限制。材料和方法这是一项基于CAMI问卷的横断面描述性研究。接受调查的样本由50名青少年组成，他们来León儿童和青少年心理健康小组咨询。结果15 ~ 17 岁的青少年、女性和无精神病史的青少年对精神疾病的污名感更强。最让人感到耻辱的诊断是情感障碍，而智力残疾则是最少的。在调查因素中，“意识形态”和“仁爱”的污名程度最高。结论15 - 17岁（ 岁）无家族史的女性青少年对精神疾病的耻辱感更强。表现出最大耻辱感的青少年所提出的诊断是情感障碍，而智力残疾的诊断最少。

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引用次数: 0

[PO-1024] Abordaje ante sospecha de psicosis en paciente con trauma y consumo de shabú [PO-1024]对创伤和shabu使用患者的精神病怀疑处理

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100784

Elena Gil Benito, Ignacio Eguilior Caffarena

引用次数: 0

[PO-3011] Prevalencia del riesgo de suicidio en el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo y factores relacionados [PO-3011]强迫症患者自杀风险的流行率及相关因素

Q4 Medicine

Psiquiatria Biologica

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psiq.2025.100859

Gema Jordán Martínez, Ignacio Ramos Suárez

引用次数: 0

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