Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409875
Peony Pangputt, Baden Parr, S. Demidenko, Andrew Drain
Aerosol delivery of the medication into the lungs is a non-invasive method providing instantaneous therapy to human patients while offering minimal risks of associated side effects. Inhalers are commonly used to deliver medication through the airways to treat respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases). The reported research deals with the development of a method and associated electronic device that automatically evaluates a compliance with the prescribed inhalation therapeutic procedure. It also provides instantaneous feedback and guides the patient to the right application procedure of the inhaler. The goal is achieved through the acoustic analysis of user's inhalation effort using an inventive pressured metered dosed inhaler (pMDI). The embedded low-cost electronics device performs the real-time flow rate estimation to detect audio signals, and provides haptic feedback based on the user's inhalation performance and procedure.
{"title":"Real-time acoustic analysis for flow rate estimation in a medical aerosol application","authors":"Peony Pangputt, Baden Parr, S. Demidenko, Andrew Drain","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409875","url":null,"abstract":"Aerosol delivery of the medication into the lungs is a non-invasive method providing instantaneous therapy to human patients while offering minimal risks of associated side effects. Inhalers are commonly used to deliver medication through the airways to treat respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases). The reported research deals with the development of a method and associated electronic device that automatically evaluates a compliance with the prescribed inhalation therapeutic procedure. It also provides instantaneous feedback and guides the patient to the right application procedure of the inhaler. The goal is achieved through the acoustic analysis of user's inhalation effort using an inventive pressured metered dosed inhaler (pMDI). The embedded low-cost electronics device performs the real-time flow rate estimation to detect audio signals, and provides haptic feedback based on the user's inhalation performance and procedure.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114486139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409816
Fan Zhang, Yue Liu, Chunyu Zou, Yongtian Wang
With the rapid development of information technology, human-computer interaction (HCI) is now experiencing the transition from traditional command line interface to novel natural user interface such as speech and gesture, thus vision-based hand gesture recognition is one of the key technologies to realize natural HCI. However, the performance of gesture recognition is often influenced by variations among lighting conditions, complex backgrounds and so on. This paper proposes a new fusion approach of hand gesture recognition by combining the HOG and uniform LBP feature on blocks, in which HOG features depict hand shape and LBP features depict hand texture. Support Vector Machine with radial basis function (RBF) as kernel function is adopted to train the hand gesture classifier. Experimental results show that HOG-LBP fused feature performs well on two sub-datasets from NUS hand posture dataset-II, reaching a relative high recognition accuracy of 97.8% and 95.07% respectively. The comparison experiments among HOG-LBP, HOG and LBP features also show that the HOG-LBP feature performs better than one single feature.
{"title":"Hand gesture recognition based on HOG-LBP feature","authors":"Fan Zhang, Yue Liu, Chunyu Zou, Yongtian Wang","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409816","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of information technology, human-computer interaction (HCI) is now experiencing the transition from traditional command line interface to novel natural user interface such as speech and gesture, thus vision-based hand gesture recognition is one of the key technologies to realize natural HCI. However, the performance of gesture recognition is often influenced by variations among lighting conditions, complex backgrounds and so on. This paper proposes a new fusion approach of hand gesture recognition by combining the HOG and uniform LBP feature on blocks, in which HOG features depict hand shape and LBP features depict hand texture. Support Vector Machine with radial basis function (RBF) as kernel function is adopted to train the hand gesture classifier. Experimental results show that HOG-LBP fused feature performs well on two sub-datasets from NUS hand posture dataset-II, reaching a relative high recognition accuracy of 97.8% and 95.07% respectively. The comparison experiments among HOG-LBP, HOG and LBP features also show that the HOG-LBP feature performs better than one single feature.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"362 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409768
M. Kopaczka, Raphael Kolk, D. Merhof
A large number of algorithms for processing faces in regular photographs and videos has been published in recent years, making this field one of the most active research areas in computer vision. Most current algorithms require a sufficiently large, manually annotated database for training. While several large databases for the visible spectrum are available, no sufficiently large and fully annotated database for the emerging thermal infrared modality has been published so far. Instead, algorithms in the thermal spectrum usually rely on specific assumptions regarding image content, making them less robust than their data-driven counterparts that are based on machine learning methods. We address this shortcoming by introducing a novel high-resolution thermal infrared face database with extensive manual annotations. We describe the database in detail and show that it can be used for advanced image processing tasks by training algorithms for facial expression recognition using the database. The full database itself, all annotations and the complete source code are freely available from the authors for research purposes at https://github.com/marcinkopaczka/thermalfaceproject. The code and annotations will be made commonly available under BSD license, the image data will be available for download upon agreeing to the terms and conditions for image data given on the website.
{"title":"A fully annotated thermal face database and its application for thermal facial expression recognition","authors":"M. Kopaczka, Raphael Kolk, D. Merhof","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409768","url":null,"abstract":"A large number of algorithms for processing faces in regular photographs and videos has been published in recent years, making this field one of the most active research areas in computer vision. Most current algorithms require a sufficiently large, manually annotated database for training. While several large databases for the visible spectrum are available, no sufficiently large and fully annotated database for the emerging thermal infrared modality has been published so far. Instead, algorithms in the thermal spectrum usually rely on specific assumptions regarding image content, making them less robust than their data-driven counterparts that are based on machine learning methods. We address this shortcoming by introducing a novel high-resolution thermal infrared face database with extensive manual annotations. We describe the database in detail and show that it can be used for advanced image processing tasks by training algorithms for facial expression recognition using the database. The full database itself, all annotations and the complete source code are freely available from the authors for research purposes at https://github.com/marcinkopaczka/thermalfaceproject. The code and annotations will be made commonly available under BSD license, the image data will be available for download upon agreeing to the terms and conditions for image data given on the website.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127435007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409878
Subhanwit Roy, N. Neihart, N. Bowler
Nitrate efflux from agricultural lands mixes with surface streams and adversely affects both human health as well as aquatic life. Currently, there is a lack of low-cost, effective, real-time systems for monitoring ion concentration. In this work, a microwave resonant sensor is designed using an open-ended coaxial transmission line, which can be evanescently perturbed by a liquid sample, and a suitable coupling structure which allows transmission measurements. The sensor is developed to have high sensitivity at agriculturally relevant concentrations, low manufacturing costs, and small dimensions to be potentially field deployable. Finite Element Analysis simulations are carried out using ANSYS HFSS, employing complex permittivity data of aqueous solution samples with varying concentrations of nitrate, sulfate, and chloride ions. Appropriate functions are determined that model the correlations between resonant frequency and ion concentration, and discussion on the feasibility of the sensor for field deployment is presented.
{"title":"Coaxial microwave resonant sensor design for monitoring ionic concentration in aqueous solutions","authors":"Subhanwit Roy, N. Neihart, N. Bowler","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409878","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrate efflux from agricultural lands mixes with surface streams and adversely affects both human health as well as aquatic life. Currently, there is a lack of low-cost, effective, real-time systems for monitoring ion concentration. In this work, a microwave resonant sensor is designed using an open-ended coaxial transmission line, which can be evanescently perturbed by a liquid sample, and a suitable coupling structure which allows transmission measurements. The sensor is developed to have high sensitivity at agriculturally relevant concentrations, low manufacturing costs, and small dimensions to be potentially field deployable. Finite Element Analysis simulations are carried out using ANSYS HFSS, employing complex permittivity data of aqueous solution samples with varying concentrations of nitrate, sulfate, and chloride ions. Appropriate functions are determined that model the correlations between resonant frequency and ion concentration, and discussion on the feasibility of the sensor for field deployment is presented.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127211295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409870
J. Sánchez-Diaz, J. Ramírez-Cortés, P. Gómez-Gil, J. Rangel-Magdaleno, H. Peregrina-Barreto, Israel Cruz-Vega
Parameter measurement of liquids in containers such as level, density and viscosity is a widely investigated field due to its relevance in a variety of industrial fields. In this work an analysis of vibration modes related to liquid parameters for a vertical immersed beam based on a general Bernoulli-Euler beam model for different liquids is presented. Experimental and theoretical results are compared to a Finite Element Model (FEM) simulation implemented in COMSOL, using a distributed mass approach. This analysis aims to characterization of axisymmetric containers using an immersed beam model where the vibration modes are linked to surrounding liquid properties. Results showed a good approximation with an error of 6.5 % in average of the full scale range when the first and second vibration mode are considered.
{"title":"On Bernoulli-Euler modeling of an immersed beam for axisymmetric container parameters measurement","authors":"J. Sánchez-Diaz, J. Ramírez-Cortés, P. Gómez-Gil, J. Rangel-Magdaleno, H. Peregrina-Barreto, Israel Cruz-Vega","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409870","url":null,"abstract":"Parameter measurement of liquids in containers such as level, density and viscosity is a widely investigated field due to its relevance in a variety of industrial fields. In this work an analysis of vibration modes related to liquid parameters for a vertical immersed beam based on a general Bernoulli-Euler beam model for different liquids is presented. Experimental and theoretical results are compared to a Finite Element Model (FEM) simulation implemented in COMSOL, using a distributed mass approach. This analysis aims to characterization of axisymmetric containers using an immersed beam model where the vibration modes are linked to surrounding liquid properties. Results showed a good approximation with an error of 6.5 % in average of the full scale range when the first and second vibration mode are considered.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124835530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409834
Shalaka Joshi, Xianghua Chu, K. Ramani, K. Thurow, Heidi Fleischer
Automation and robotics are increasingly being used in the field of life science due to its various advantages such as minimizing human effort, efficient utilization of time, standardization of processes and low rates of contamination. Dual arm robots, with their multiple degrees of freedom and increased flexibility, allow them to be used for a wide number of applications making it possible to automate complicated tasks such as pipetting or handling of multiple labware simultaneously. The Yaskawa CSDA10F dual arm robot was used to automate a sample preparation process for measuring cholesterol present in bile samples. The robot prepared calibration samples with four different concentrations and multiple identical samples with a known concentration in order to test the repeatability and accuracy of the automated method. Prepared samples were fed to the gas chromatography module where they were analyzed and cholesterol levels were measured. This paper gives an overview of the robotic system and describes the automated sample preparation process in detail. Comparative analysis of the measurements between samples prepared manually and those prepared robotically are also included, thus validating the method.
{"title":"Application of a dual arm robot for automated sample preparation for cholesterol determination in biliary stent incrustations","authors":"Shalaka Joshi, Xianghua Chu, K. Ramani, K. Thurow, Heidi Fleischer","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409834","url":null,"abstract":"Automation and robotics are increasingly being used in the field of life science due to its various advantages such as minimizing human effort, efficient utilization of time, standardization of processes and low rates of contamination. Dual arm robots, with their multiple degrees of freedom and increased flexibility, allow them to be used for a wide number of applications making it possible to automate complicated tasks such as pipetting or handling of multiple labware simultaneously. The Yaskawa CSDA10F dual arm robot was used to automate a sample preparation process for measuring cholesterol present in bile samples. The robot prepared calibration samples with four different concentrations and multiple identical samples with a known concentration in order to test the repeatability and accuracy of the automated method. Prepared samples were fed to the gas chromatography module where they were analyzed and cholesterol levels were measured. This paper gives an overview of the robotic system and describes the automated sample preparation process in detail. Comparative analysis of the measurements between samples prepared manually and those prepared robotically are also included, thus validating the method.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123440902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409803
W. Quan, M. Afsar, J. Card
RF resonant cavity thrusters are a new concept in propulsion that has the advantage of comparatively large thrust, simple structure and high reliability. Their workings are unknown, but since their reproduction by multiple independent laboratories they show evidence of a potential revolution in the physical sciences, but also require more systematic study of both the phenomenon and the various claims in the production of the device. An EMDrive system comprises a frustum microwave resonance cavity, microwave source, and load. The microwave beam generated by microwave source was input into the frustum microwave resonator to form a pure standing wave and electromagnetic pressure gradient. Thus, along the axial direction of the frustum microwave resonator, net thrust is formed. Current, unverified, theories related to EMDrive predict a net radiation pressure that scales with the Q factor (amount of reflections inside the cavity before the radiation is absorbed) of the cavity, which has been observed. This article, based on classical electromagnetic theory, introduce a building of a propellantless microwave propulsion system work at 2.45GHz. The measurement of Q-factor of this resonance cavity and relative analyze had been completed follow the EMDrive theory.
{"title":"Measurement of resonant cavity for propellantless microwave thrusters at radio frequency","authors":"W. Quan, M. Afsar, J. Card","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409803","url":null,"abstract":"RF resonant cavity thrusters are a new concept in propulsion that has the advantage of comparatively large thrust, simple structure and high reliability. Their workings are unknown, but since their reproduction by multiple independent laboratories they show evidence of a potential revolution in the physical sciences, but also require more systematic study of both the phenomenon and the various claims in the production of the device. An EMDrive system comprises a frustum microwave resonance cavity, microwave source, and load. The microwave beam generated by microwave source was input into the frustum microwave resonator to form a pure standing wave and electromagnetic pressure gradient. Thus, along the axial direction of the frustum microwave resonator, net thrust is formed. Current, unverified, theories related to EMDrive predict a net radiation pressure that scales with the Q factor (amount of reflections inside the cavity before the radiation is absorbed) of the cavity, which has been observed. This article, based on classical electromagnetic theory, introduce a building of a propellantless microwave propulsion system work at 2.45GHz. The measurement of Q-factor of this resonance cavity and relative analyze had been completed follow the EMDrive theory.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123455916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409563
M. D. Pereira, R. A. Romero, N. Fernandes, F. Sousa
We proposed the use of the available data of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for determining the static characteristics and studying the dynamic behavior of the propagation channel. Channel path-loss and shadowing parameters were evaluated for two distinct locations, an office environment and a hydroelectric power plant, over different days using only the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements reported by the nodes of a mesh network. The office environment estimated path-loss coefficient and the shadowing distribution standard deviation were within 4.5–4.6 and 8.1–8.2 dB, respectively, as expected for this kind of environment. Moreover, the power plant indoor-outdoor links presented a path-loss coefficient between 5.2–6.5 and shadowing standard deviation between 3.6–4.3 dB. The inspection of the data obtained from the network over long periods of time also proved invaluable, specially helping to identify and correlate sources of interference, which can lead to improve the design of the network itself in industrial scenarios.
{"title":"Path-loss and shadowing measurements at 2.4 GHz in a power plant using a mesh network","authors":"M. D. Pereira, R. A. Romero, N. Fernandes, F. Sousa","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409563","url":null,"abstract":"We proposed the use of the available data of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for determining the static characteristics and studying the dynamic behavior of the propagation channel. Channel path-loss and shadowing parameters were evaluated for two distinct locations, an office environment and a hydroelectric power plant, over different days using only the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurements reported by the nodes of a mesh network. The office environment estimated path-loss coefficient and the shadowing distribution standard deviation were within 4.5–4.6 and 8.1–8.2 dB, respectively, as expected for this kind of environment. Moreover, the power plant indoor-outdoor links presented a path-loss coefficient between 5.2–6.5 and shadowing standard deviation between 3.6–4.3 dB. The inspection of the data obtained from the network over long periods of time also proved invaluable, specially helping to identify and correlate sources of interference, which can lead to improve the design of the network itself in industrial scenarios.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121762045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-14DOI: 10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409692
Wang Peng, Tangyun Xu, Yong Zhang, Shen Zhu
Cylindrical capacitive ring is a commonly used voltage divider structure in electronic voltage transformers. The capacitance of the capacitive ring is affected by its geometric structure, temperature, and other aspects, and thus directly affects the performance of the voltage divider formed by the capacitive ring. In this paper, a calculation model of the capacitive ring is established. The simulation method is used to study the capacitance value of the capacitive ring influenced by the change of conductor length and the eccentricity between the axis of the primary conductor and capacitive ring. The influence of the auxiliary electrode on the capacitance of the capacitive ring and the accuracy of the divider is also analyzed. Calculation shows that only with the auxiliary electrode, the ideal value of the capacitance ring may be close to the calculated value. Finally, the test results for the prototype are given.
{"title":"Factors affecting performance of cylindrical capacitive ring divider","authors":"Wang Peng, Tangyun Xu, Yong Zhang, Shen Zhu","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409692","url":null,"abstract":"Cylindrical capacitive ring is a commonly used voltage divider structure in electronic voltage transformers. The capacitance of the capacitive ring is affected by its geometric structure, temperature, and other aspects, and thus directly affects the performance of the voltage divider formed by the capacitive ring. In this paper, a calculation model of the capacitive ring is established. The simulation method is used to study the capacitance value of the capacitive ring influenced by the change of conductor length and the eccentricity between the axis of the primary conductor and capacitive ring. The influence of the auxiliary electrode on the capacitance of the capacitive ring and the accuracy of the divider is also analyzed. Calculation shows that only with the auxiliary electrode, the ideal value of the capacitance ring may be close to the calculated value. Finally, the test results for the prototype are given.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123841029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As technology scales, negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) has become one of the primary failure mechanisms for VLSI circuits. The NBTI effect will degrade the speed of the chip and result in timing faults. The supply voltage assignment technique (SVA) can alleviate the NBTI effect but cause extra power dissipation and accelerate the degradation process. Therefore, the supply voltage should be tuned adaptively according to the actual aging condition. However, since the NBTI induced performance aging is strongly dependent on the system workload, it is challenging to accurately predict the timing failure online and provide a reasonable control policy for SVA. To solve this problem, we present a lookup table (LUT)-based failure prediction method that considers the random change in the system workload in the aging estimation. The proposed method obtains the maximum post-aging LUT for different periods of the circuit lifetime under various combination of workloads and supply voltages using logic simulation. Then, curve fitting of these LUT values is applied to estimate the aging rate in practical application. Experimental results on various benchmark circuits demonstrate that the proposed failure prediction method can keep track of a system's workload change online and accurately estimate the aging, which enable SVA to conserve more power dissipation while guaranteeing circuit performance.
{"title":"Workload-aware failure prediction method for VLSI devices using an LUT based approach","authors":"Zhiming Yang, Peng Sun, Yang Yu, Hui Zhang, Guo-Hong Gao, Xiyuan Peng","doi":"10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC.2018.8409562","url":null,"abstract":"As technology scales, negative bias temperature instability (NBTI) has become one of the primary failure mechanisms for VLSI circuits. The NBTI effect will degrade the speed of the chip and result in timing faults. The supply voltage assignment technique (SVA) can alleviate the NBTI effect but cause extra power dissipation and accelerate the degradation process. Therefore, the supply voltage should be tuned adaptively according to the actual aging condition. However, since the NBTI induced performance aging is strongly dependent on the system workload, it is challenging to accurately predict the timing failure online and provide a reasonable control policy for SVA. To solve this problem, we present a lookup table (LUT)-based failure prediction method that considers the random change in the system workload in the aging estimation. The proposed method obtains the maximum post-aging LUT for different periods of the circuit lifetime under various combination of workloads and supply voltages using logic simulation. Then, curve fitting of these LUT values is applied to estimate the aging rate in practical application. Experimental results on various benchmark circuits demonstrate that the proposed failure prediction method can keep track of a system's workload change online and accurately estimate the aging, which enable SVA to conserve more power dissipation while guaranteeing circuit performance.","PeriodicalId":393766,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124666821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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