Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937740
Cristino A. Carbonell
The Faculty of Engineering of the University of Santo Tomas is one of the oldest engineering schools of the Philippines. At 94 years, it has been a witness to changing social norms and behavior, emerging cultures, and rapid technological development. To keep up with the changing times, it has geared up its programs towards globalization in order to supply the demand of the world market for engineers who are not only technically competent but who also possess high morals. To attain this objective, the University has adopted a faculty development program, in cooperation with four universities in Metro Manila, that will provide the members of its teaching staff a non-thesis, practice-oriented graduate program.
{"title":"MEP: towards faculty development","authors":"Cristino A. Carbonell","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937740","url":null,"abstract":"The Faculty of Engineering of the University of Santo Tomas is one of the oldest engineering schools of the Philippines. At 94 years, it has been a witness to changing social norms and behavior, emerging cultures, and rapid technological development. To keep up with the changing times, it has geared up its programs towards globalization in order to supply the demand of the world market for engineers who are not only technically competent but who also possess high morals. To attain this objective, the University has adopted a faculty development program, in cooperation with four universities in Metro Manila, that will provide the members of its teaching staff a non-thesis, practice-oriented graduate program.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130887227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937743
S. Johnston, D. Eager
This paper begins with a brief exploration of the rapid changes in the practice of engineering during the twentieth century, and particularly over its last few decades. Engineers now routinely work across national and cultural boundaries and in multi-disciplinary teams. While engineering practice draws on a range of technical knowledge and skills, it is also a social activity that continues to shape our modern world. Engineering practice underpins the increasingly global character of commerce and industry. Engineers need to understand and appreciate the nature and impact of their work in order to make an effective professional contribution to meeting the key challenge of the twenty-first century, global sustainability. The paper discusses accreditation requirements for engineering programs in the USA and Australia in the light of these changing expectations for the engineering profession. In particular it looks at the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) and the Computer Science Accreditation Board (CSAB) Engineering Criteria 2000 in the USA and compares them with the new course accreditation requirements that came out of a recent review of engineering education in Australia.
{"title":"Engineering as social and ethical practice: the role of new course accreditation requirements","authors":"S. Johnston, D. Eager","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937743","url":null,"abstract":"This paper begins with a brief exploration of the rapid changes in the practice of engineering during the twentieth century, and particularly over its last few decades. Engineers now routinely work across national and cultural boundaries and in multi-disciplinary teams. While engineering practice draws on a range of technical knowledge and skills, it is also a social activity that continues to shape our modern world. Engineering practice underpins the increasingly global character of commerce and industry. Engineers need to understand and appreciate the nature and impact of their work in order to make an effective professional contribution to meeting the key challenge of the twenty-first century, global sustainability. The paper discusses accreditation requirements for engineering programs in the USA and Australia in the light of these changing expectations for the engineering profession. In particular it looks at the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) and the Computer Science Accreditation Board (CSAB) Engineering Criteria 2000 in the USA and compares them with the new course accreditation requirements that came out of a recent review of engineering education in Australia.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"307 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132386105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937730
T. Flynn
The Internet poses particular challenges to traditional legal methods of regulating online behavior. Some theorists argue that the Internet is capable of collective self-regulation that provides reasonable protection to activities occurring on the global net. Others respond that while the social norms that create the basis of collective self-regulation do provide real constraint in cyberspace, software code, not social norms, will provide the most efficient means of regulating on-line behavior. CMC research suggests that virtual communities are capable of limited forms of self-regulation through emerging systems of social dynamics. This paper explicates this debate by weighting the merits of community self-regulation and technological regulation through an examination of the development and use of interactive behavioral mechanisms to regulate interaction at an adult-oriented web site.
{"title":"Ethics, law and technology: a case study in computer-mediated communication","authors":"T. Flynn","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937730","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet poses particular challenges to traditional legal methods of regulating online behavior. Some theorists argue that the Internet is capable of collective self-regulation that provides reasonable protection to activities occurring on the global net. Others respond that while the social norms that create the basis of collective self-regulation do provide real constraint in cyberspace, software code, not social norms, will provide the most efficient means of regulating on-line behavior. CMC research suggests that virtual communities are capable of limited forms of self-regulation through emerging systems of social dynamics. This paper explicates this debate by weighting the merits of community self-regulation and technological regulation through an examination of the development and use of interactive behavioral mechanisms to regulate interaction at an adult-oriented web site.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937718
Bruce J. Perlman, R. Varma
This paper examines the cultural chasm between computer scientists and social scientists and suggests ways and benefits of closer interaction and possible collaboration. Specifically, it presents exploratory research on the attitudes of computer scientists concerning the need for social research in computer system design, the efficacy of social science and the utility of social scientists in this endeavor, and finally the real barriers to crossing what has been termed the great divide. It is based on in-depth, ethnographic interviews conducted in 2001 with 30 academics and practitioners from a research university, a national laboratory, and industry sites in new Mexico. It finds computer scientists, though they recognize the benefits of social science, seldom seek out social scientists to collaborate and know little about social science.
{"title":"Bridging the cultural chasm: Improving collaboration and cooperation between the computer and social sciences","authors":"Bruce J. Perlman, R. Varma","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937718","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the cultural chasm between computer scientists and social scientists and suggests ways and benefits of closer interaction and possible collaboration. Specifically, it presents exploratory research on the attitudes of computer scientists concerning the need for social research in computer system design, the efficacy of social science and the utility of social scientists in this endeavor, and finally the real barriers to crossing what has been termed the great divide. It is based on in-depth, ethnographic interviews conducted in 2001 with 30 academics and practitioners from a research university, a national laboratory, and industry sites in new Mexico. It finds computer scientists, though they recognize the benefits of social science, seldom seek out social scientists to collaborate and know little about social science.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125860296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937731
R. Slayton
In this paper, I will examine the role of technical authorities in the US news media debate about the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) in the mid-1980's. I argue that individuals either appropriated or attacked technical authority as suited the individual's political views. In the first section, I show that although scientists opposed to SDI attacked both its technical and strategic wisdom, proponents of SDI limited their authority to questions of feasibility. In the second section, I show how the political activism of scientific opponents throughout 1985 and 1986 led proponents of SDI to heighten their emphasis on the distinction between strategic and technical authority. In the third section, I argue that the use of technical authorities by opponents of SDI reflects an underlying ideology about the arms race that actually drove the debate. In inclusion, I will point to some limitations inherent in using technical authority in a debate driven by ideology.
{"title":"Technical authority in the media: public debate on the Strategic Defense Initiative","authors":"R. Slayton","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937731","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I will examine the role of technical authorities in the US news media debate about the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) in the mid-1980's. I argue that individuals either appropriated or attacked technical authority as suited the individual's political views. In the first section, I show that although scientists opposed to SDI attacked both its technical and strategic wisdom, proponents of SDI limited their authority to questions of feasibility. In the second section, I show how the political activism of scientific opponents throughout 1985 and 1986 led proponents of SDI to heighten their emphasis on the distinction between strategic and technical authority. In the third section, I argue that the use of technical authorities by opponents of SDI reflects an underlying ideology about the arms race that actually drove the debate. In inclusion, I will point to some limitations inherent in using technical authority in a debate driven by ideology.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125308171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937727
L. Bzhilianskaya
The economic and social aspects of the Russian technology and manpower transfer to the American market are under research. While analysing the direct and indirect forms of the work of the Russian highly educated personnel for American companies, main case studies are made in software industry. The stimulus for the Russian personnel's direct outflow to the American labor market (produced both by Russian and American sides), as well as its economic and social consequences are under special consideration. There is also a detailed analysis of offshore programming. Technology and manpower transfer via partnership in the Russian-American joint ventures is also analysed in the research. Space launching is picked out as the most interesting example here.
{"title":"Russian technology and highly educated personnel on the modern American market","authors":"L. Bzhilianskaya","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937727","url":null,"abstract":"The economic and social aspects of the Russian technology and manpower transfer to the American market are under research. While analysing the direct and indirect forms of the work of the Russian highly educated personnel for American companies, main case studies are made in software industry. The stimulus for the Russian personnel's direct outflow to the American labor market (produced both by Russian and American sides), as well as its economic and social consequences are under special consideration. There is also a detailed analysis of offshore programming. Technology and manpower transfer via partnership in the Russian-American joint ventures is also analysed in the research. Space launching is picked out as the most interesting example here.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132245190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937733
K. Stephan
A concern for the non-technical side of engineering education has been a part of the accreditation process in the U. S. since the founding of the Engineering Council for Professional Development (ECPD) in 1932. The first accreditation policy published in 1933 left the specific criteria for curriculum content up to the discretion of the members of the accrediting panel. In 1955, a minimum of one-half year of "humanistic-social studies" was required for the first time. This requirement remained substantially unchanged until it was dropped as part of the changes associated with the adoption of EC 2000. The current criteria call for engineering students to have "an understanding of ... ethical, social, economic, and safety considerations," but whether curricula will emphasize these areas more in the future remains to be seen.
{"title":"All this and engineering too: history of accreditation requirements for nontechnical curriculum content in U.S. Engineering Education 1933-2000","authors":"K. Stephan","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937733","url":null,"abstract":"A concern for the non-technical side of engineering education has been a part of the accreditation process in the U. S. since the founding of the Engineering Council for Professional Development (ECPD) in 1932. The first accreditation policy published in 1933 left the specific criteria for curriculum content up to the discretion of the members of the accrediting panel. In 1955, a minimum of one-half year of \"humanistic-social studies\" was required for the first time. This requirement remained substantially unchanged until it was dropped as part of the changes associated with the adoption of EC 2000. The current criteria call for engineering students to have \"an understanding of ... ethical, social, economic, and safety considerations,\" but whether curricula will emphasize these areas more in the future remains to be seen.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122128045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937745
W. McIver, Traxon Rachell
This paper presents a framework for the treatment of ethical and social issues in science and engineering curricula. This framework is based on the basic foundations of applied engineering ethics, adaptation of the structure of the meta-discipline of social informations, and a developmental variant of the service-learning pedagogy based on Perry's cognitive-structural model for intellectual development. The paper shows how the framework can be implemented across a curriculum and in an issue-specific manner.
{"title":"Social informatics and service-learning as models for teaching ethical and social issues in science and engineering","authors":"W. McIver, Traxon Rachell","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a framework for the treatment of ethical and social issues in science and engineering curricula. This framework is based on the basic foundations of applied engineering ethics, adaptation of the structure of the meta-discipline of social informations, and a developmental variant of the service-learning pedagogy based on Perry's cognitive-structural model for intellectual development. The paper shows how the framework can be implemented across a curriculum and in an issue-specific manner.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127616254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937734
P. Vesilind, R. L. Rooke
Engineering codes of ethics commonly state in the first canon that the engineer shall hold paramount the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Although this is an unequivocal statement, engineers at times choose not to do so. In this paper I discuss five circumstances in which the engineer might choose not to hold the health, safety, and welfare of the public paramount: (1) if the engineers believes that the requirement is internally inconsistent, (2) if the engineer's religious convictions prevent adherence to the requirement, (3) if the engineer believes that the public does not know what is best for it, (4) if the engineer is forced to do otherwise, and (5) if the engineer believes that damage to the environment outweighs short term public interest. I discuss the moral implications of each reason, and finally suggest a modification of the first canon that, although unlikely to be adopted, frames my view of the responsibilities of engineers.
{"title":"The engineer shall hold paramount the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Unless, of course...","authors":"P. Vesilind, R. L. Rooke","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937734","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering codes of ethics commonly state in the first canon that the engineer shall hold paramount the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Although this is an unequivocal statement, engineers at times choose not to do so. In this paper I discuss five circumstances in which the engineer might choose not to hold the health, safety, and welfare of the public paramount: (1) if the engineers believes that the requirement is internally inconsistent, (2) if the engineer's religious convictions prevent adherence to the requirement, (3) if the engineer believes that the public does not know what is best for it, (4) if the engineer is forced to do otherwise, and (5) if the engineer believes that damage to the environment outweighs short term public interest. I discuss the moral implications of each reason, and finally suggest a modification of the first canon that, although unlikely to be adopted, frames my view of the responsibilities of engineers.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123018748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-07-06DOI: 10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937729
Red Keith Bradley
In a five-year period, between 1993 and 1998, the number of Internet sites grew 200-fold. Accordingly, there are now an estimated 304 million global Internet users, an increase of 78 percent from 1999. Another appreciable trend is who is using the Internet and from where. Recently released research found that the United States and Canada now account for less than 50 percent of total user growth. This is a trend that most researchers believe will continue during the next decade. This belief is also strongly supported by research conducted by the World Economic Forum. The WEF Task Force on the Global Digital Divide Initiative issued a report to the Kyushu-Okinawa G-8 Summit in June disclosing research and suggestions for action. The WEF report noted that "Market-oriented policy reforms, local entrepreneurial efforts international community significantly increase the deployment and usability of telecommunications, Internet and related technologies in many countries across Asia, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East". It is apparent that design plays a significant role in effective communication. The Italian designer Lidia Guibert Ferrara noted that, "The goal of cross-cultural design is to respect the subtleties of one's audience, an effort that requires constant questioning of both the designer's personal beliefs and the troubling misconceptions that might be lurking in the assignment". The major concerns addressed here may seem common place. In practice, however, designers and usability experts continue to overlook basic communication considerations as noted by example throughout this paper.
{"title":"What is the key to globalisation? [social aspects of automation]","authors":"Red Keith Bradley","doi":"10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISTAS.2001.937729","url":null,"abstract":"In a five-year period, between 1993 and 1998, the number of Internet sites grew 200-fold. Accordingly, there are now an estimated 304 million global Internet users, an increase of 78 percent from 1999. Another appreciable trend is who is using the Internet and from where. Recently released research found that the United States and Canada now account for less than 50 percent of total user growth. This is a trend that most researchers believe will continue during the next decade. This belief is also strongly supported by research conducted by the World Economic Forum. The WEF Task Force on the Global Digital Divide Initiative issued a report to the Kyushu-Okinawa G-8 Summit in June disclosing research and suggestions for action. The WEF report noted that \"Market-oriented policy reforms, local entrepreneurial efforts international community significantly increase the deployment and usability of telecommunications, Internet and related technologies in many countries across Asia, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East\". It is apparent that design plays a significant role in effective communication. The Italian designer Lidia Guibert Ferrara noted that, \"The goal of cross-cultural design is to respect the subtleties of one's audience, an effort that requires constant questioning of both the designer's personal beliefs and the troubling misconceptions that might be lurking in the assignment\". The major concerns addressed here may seem common place. In practice, however, designers and usability experts continue to overlook basic communication considerations as noted by example throughout this paper.","PeriodicalId":394055,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings International Symposium on Technology and Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121627858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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