Pub Date : 2015-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.901233
K. Selket, M. Glover, S. Palmer
In Aotearoa New Zealand a post-mortem examination, also known as an autopsy, is the main tool for identifying cause of death. For Indigenous Māori New Zealanders, however, post-mortems remain a foreign and desecrating act. This paper examines how prevailing post-mortem practices affect Māori and discusses possible alternatives. It argues that, even with amendments to the Coroners Act, the coronial office continues to hold an unassailable position of power and there remains tension between the practice of post-mortem procedures and Māori tikanga. Further research is needed to investigate the social and cultural impacts of post-mortems on Māori and into new technologies and procedures that could be more acceptable to Māori.
{"title":"Normalising post-mortems – whose cultural imperative? An indigenous view on New Zealand post-mortem policy","authors":"K. Selket, M. Glover, S. Palmer","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.901233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.901233","url":null,"abstract":"In Aotearoa New Zealand a post-mortem examination, also known as an autopsy, is the main tool for identifying cause of death. For Indigenous Māori New Zealanders, however, post-mortems remain a foreign and desecrating act. This paper examines how prevailing post-mortem practices affect Māori and discusses possible alternatives. It argues that, even with amendments to the Coroners Act, the coronial office continues to hold an unassailable position of power and there remains tension between the practice of post-mortem procedures and Māori tikanga. Further research is needed to investigate the social and cultural impacts of post-mortems on Māori and into new technologies and procedures that could be more acceptable to Māori.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"90 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76982589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.953186
J. Marlowe, S. Elliott
According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR 2014) there were approximately 51.2 million forcibly displaced individuals worldwide by the end of 2013—the highest number on record since monitoring of these global trends began in 1993. Of this total number, approximately 16.7 million people were refugees and nearly 1.2 million were asylum seekers. A total of 98,400 refugees were offered resettlement places from 21 countries last year (UNHCR 2014, p. 2). Obtaining refugee status can be critical for people living in protracted and tenuous situations where their safety and security is seriously compromised, as it affords access to critical support and resources from the 142 states signatory to the 1951 Convention and the associated 1967 Protocol (UNHCR 2014). The 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees formally defined a refugee as:
{"title":"Global trends and refugee settlement in New Zealand","authors":"J. Marlowe, S. Elliott","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.953186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.953186","url":null,"abstract":"According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR 2014) there were approximately 51.2 million forcibly displaced individuals worldwide by the end of 2013—the highest number on record since monitoring of these global trends began in 1993. Of this total number, approximately 16.7 million people were refugees and nearly 1.2 million were asylum seekers. A total of 98,400 refugees were offered resettlement places from 21 countries last year (UNHCR 2014, p. 2). Obtaining refugee status can be critical for people living in protracted and tenuous situations where their safety and security is seriously compromised, as it affords access to critical support and resources from the 142 states signatory to the 1951 Convention and the associated 1967 Protocol (UNHCR 2014). The 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees formally defined a refugee as:","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"13 1","pages":"43 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73704443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.939664
A. Bloom, Martine Udahemuka
A qualitative study by ChangeMakers Refugee Forum and the National Refugee Network of the experiences of 18 Convention refugees has highlighted that the standards of safety and protection that Aotearoa New Zealand is obliged to extend to Convention refugees are inadequately met; most notably that there is a significant disparity between United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees quota refugees and Convention refugees, despite there being no distinction between the two within the 1951 Refugee Convention. Themes relating to participants' experiences of destitution, discrimination, and the deterioration of their physical and mental health during the process of seeking asylum and protection emerged from the study. Lack of resources, information and insufficient policies amounts to a lack of security and protection for Convention refugees in Aotearoa New Zealand, revealing an environment where funding, collaboration, and political and public goodwill are minimal.
{"title":"‘Going through the doors of pain’: asylum seeker and Convention refugee experiences in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"A. Bloom, Martine Udahemuka","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.939664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.939664","url":null,"abstract":"A qualitative study by ChangeMakers Refugee Forum and the National Refugee Network of the experiences of 18 Convention refugees has highlighted that the standards of safety and protection that Aotearoa New Zealand is obliged to extend to Convention refugees are inadequately met; most notably that there is a significant disparity between United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees quota refugees and Convention refugees, despite there being no distinction between the two within the 1951 Refugee Convention. Themes relating to participants' experiences of destitution, discrimination, and the deterioration of their physical and mental health during the process of seeking asylum and protection emerged from the study. Lack of resources, information and insufficient policies amounts to a lack of security and protection for Convention refugees in Aotearoa New Zealand, revealing an environment where funding, collaboration, and political and public goodwill are minimal.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"71 1","pages":"70 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88514118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.911752
A. Mortensen, S. Latimer, I. Yusuf
The medical/disabled category for quota refugees selected for resettlement in New Zealand allows entry to those who have either a medical condition that can be treated or helped in New Zealand or a disability that requires support. Children from refugee and other culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with impairments comprise an increasing proportion of the caseloads of Auckland region child health and disability services. For people from refugee backgrounds, the New Zealand disability system can be complex, difficult to understand and hard to navigate. Disability therapeutic, rehabilitative and support services are often non-existent in countries of origin. The interventions offered in western countries such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech language therapy may be unknown and therefore poorly understood by refugee clients and families. This article presents the findings of an evaluation of the establishment of cultural caseworker positions in the Waitemata District Health Board Child Development Service.
{"title":"Cultural case workers in child disability services: an evidence-based model of cultural responsiveness for refugee families","authors":"A. Mortensen, S. Latimer, I. Yusuf","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.911752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.911752","url":null,"abstract":"The medical/disabled category for quota refugees selected for resettlement in New Zealand allows entry to those who have either a medical condition that can be treated or helped in New Zealand or a disability that requires support. Children from refugee and other culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds with impairments comprise an increasing proportion of the caseloads of Auckland region child health and disability services. For people from refugee backgrounds, the New Zealand disability system can be complex, difficult to understand and hard to navigate. Disability therapeutic, rehabilitative and support services are often non-existent in countries of origin. The interventions offered in western countries such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy and speech language therapy may be unknown and therefore poorly understood by refugee clients and families. This article presents the findings of an evaluation of the establishment of cultural caseworker positions in the Waitemata District Health Board Child Development Service.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"70 1","pages":"50 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89985208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.944917
C. Choummanivong, G. Poole, A. Cooper
Family reunification is widely recognised as a vital issue for people from refugee backgrounds, but relatively little research has been reported on its relation to mental health or resettlement outcomes. A study was carried out over the course of 2011 involving 46 participants from refugee backgrounds with direct experience of the family reunification process in New Zealand. Participants from multiple ethnic communities in Auckland, Wellington and Hamilton were invited to discuss and share their experiences. Structured individual interviews were carried out with 15 individual participants, as well as 13 focus groups, in addition to detailed reviews of case histories. Research questions focused on the perceived impacts of family reunification on resettlement outcomes, health and wellbeing. Eighty-five percent of participants reported family reunification issues as the paramount obstacle to their successful resettlement. Potential practical applications, limitations and priorities for future studies are discussed.
{"title":"Refugee family reunification and mental health in resettlement","authors":"C. Choummanivong, G. Poole, A. Cooper","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.944917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.944917","url":null,"abstract":"Family reunification is widely recognised as a vital issue for people from refugee backgrounds, but relatively little research has been reported on its relation to mental health or resettlement outcomes. A study was carried out over the course of 2011 involving 46 participants from refugee backgrounds with direct experience of the family reunification process in New Zealand. Participants from multiple ethnic communities in Auckland, Wellington and Hamilton were invited to discuss and share their experiences. Structured individual interviews were carried out with 15 individual participants, as well as 13 focus groups, in addition to detailed reviews of case histories. Research questions focused on the perceived impacts of family reunification on resettlement outcomes, health and wellbeing. Eighty-five percent of participants reported family reunification issues as the paramount obstacle to their successful resettlement. Potential practical applications, limitations and priorities for future studies are discussed.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"112 1","pages":"100 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87790665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.951662
Susan Elliott, I. Yusuf
Resettled refugees need a network of relationships to ensure they can live meaningful lives in New Zealand. These relationships are complex and exist between individuals and communities at local and national levels. Conceptualised as social capital, these relationships provide the invisible glue holding society together. Drawing on data from a research project on the Somali community in Auckland, this paper reflects on contemporary developments within the refugee sector and highlights the ways in which social capital provides further insight into the experiences of refugee integration at a local level in New Zealand.
{"title":"‘Yes, we can; but together’: social capital and refugee resettlement","authors":"Susan Elliott, I. Yusuf","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.951662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.951662","url":null,"abstract":"Resettled refugees need a network of relationships to ensure they can live meaningful lives in New Zealand. These relationships are complex and exist between individuals and communities at local and national levels. Conceptualised as social capital, these relationships provide the invisible glue holding society together. Drawing on data from a research project on the Somali community in Auckland, this paper reflects on contemporary developments within the refugee sector and highlights the ways in which social capital provides further insight into the experiences of refugee integration at a local level in New Zealand.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"78 1","pages":"101 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84055862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.944193
T. O'Donovan, M. Sheikh
Despite employment being consistently identified as a key factor in successful refugee resettlement, people from refugee backgrounds in Aotearoa New Zealand are overrepresented in unemployment statistics. Of those who do gain employment, few secure work that is adequately remunerated and commensurate with the person's skills and qualifications. This paper explores whether the two recent government-driven initiatives, the welfare reforms and the New Zealand Refugee Resettlement Strategy, provide an opportunity to address these issues. Based on previous research, the authors identify the main employment barriers facing people from refugee backgrounds. They argue that while the welfare reforms and the Refugee Resettlement Strategy are underpinned by a desire to see more people in employment, for real change to occur, an integrated holistic approach is needed. This approach needs to include additional resourcing for government-funded specialist one-on-one employment programmes that are available in all regions where refugees are resettled. These programmes combined with access to fully funded English language tuition and work experience and internship opportunities would help reduce the barriers people from refugee backgrounds face when seeking employment.
{"title":"Welfare reforms and the Refugee Resettlement Strategy: an opportunity to achieve meaningful employment outcomes for New Zealanders from refugee backgrounds?","authors":"T. O'Donovan, M. Sheikh","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.944193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.944193","url":null,"abstract":"Despite employment being consistently identified as a key factor in successful refugee resettlement, people from refugee backgrounds in Aotearoa New Zealand are overrepresented in unemployment statistics. Of those who do gain employment, few secure work that is adequately remunerated and commensurate with the person's skills and qualifications. This paper explores whether the two recent government-driven initiatives, the welfare reforms and the New Zealand Refugee Resettlement Strategy, provide an opportunity to address these issues. Based on previous research, the authors identify the main employment barriers facing people from refugee backgrounds. They argue that while the welfare reforms and the Refugee Resettlement Strategy are underpinned by a desire to see more people in employment, for real change to occur, an integrated holistic approach is needed. This approach needs to include additional resourcing for government-funded specialist one-on-one employment programmes that are available in all regions where refugees are resettled. These programmes combined with access to fully funded English language tuition and work experience and internship opportunities would help reduce the barriers people from refugee backgrounds face when seeking employment.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"27 1","pages":"82 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90113901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-23DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2014.934847
JM Marlowe, A. Bartley, A. Hibtit
The process of resettlement as a refugee often involves adapting to, and reconciling with, a new social reality. The complexities associated with acculturation across age, gender and family dynamics are navigated within greater social contexts that may encourage or hinder the processes of adjustment and settlement. This paper addresses the recent New Zealand Refugee Resettlement Strategy in light of contemporary theoretical developments with regard to the segmented assimilation thesis and the forms of social capital that, when available, may be mobilised to help refugee-background individuals, families and communities to forge new routes for participation and belonging. In particular, we examine the strategy and its five main goals of self-sufficiency, participation, health and well-being, education and housing as these relate to the possibilities and tensions at play in the wider acculturation experiences of New Zealand's diverse refugee populations.
{"title":"The New Zealand Refugee Resettlement Strategy: implications for identity, acculturation and civic participation","authors":"JM Marlowe, A. Bartley, A. Hibtit","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2014.934847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2014.934847","url":null,"abstract":"The process of resettlement as a refugee often involves adapting to, and reconciling with, a new social reality. The complexities associated with acculturation across age, gender and family dynamics are navigated within greater social contexts that may encourage or hinder the processes of adjustment and settlement. This paper addresses the recent New Zealand Refugee Resettlement Strategy in light of contemporary theoretical developments with regard to the segmented assimilation thesis and the forms of social capital that, when available, may be mobilised to help refugee-background individuals, families and communities to forge new routes for participation and belonging. In particular, we examine the strategy and its five main goals of self-sufficiency, participation, health and well-being, education and housing as these relate to the possibilities and tensions at play in the wider acculturation experiences of New Zealand's diverse refugee populations.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"38 1","pages":"60 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78594149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2013.867513
Martin Tolich, BP Smith
This paper considers the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2) a visionary document when viewed in comparison with the ways ethics review is enacted in New Zealand. New Zealand has unequivocal guidelines for indigenous research. The indigenous guidelines in Chapter 9 of the Canadian document are particularly innovative, in that they prescribe indigenous consultation for some, but not all researchers. In New Zealand, according to the Health Research Council Te Ara Tika guidelines, all research in New Zealand warrants indigenous consultation. This paper suggests that progress around improving the practice of consultation and engagement with Māori could be made if the consultation requirements for mainstream research were to be paper based, and reviewed by an ethics committee without actual expectation of mandatory consultation conditions. On the other hand, Māori centred research should require actual and detailed evidence of consultation that would be tied to an explicit articulation of the mutual understanding of the benefits accruing from this relationship.
{"title":"Evolving ethics envy—New Zealand sociologists reading the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans","authors":"Martin Tolich, BP Smith","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2013.867513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2013.867513","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2) a visionary document when viewed in comparison with the ways ethics review is enacted in New Zealand. New Zealand has unequivocal guidelines for indigenous research. The indigenous guidelines in Chapter 9 of the Canadian document are particularly innovative, in that they prescribe indigenous consultation for some, but not all researchers. In New Zealand, according to the Health Research Council Te Ara Tika guidelines, all research in New Zealand warrants indigenous consultation. This paper suggests that progress around improving the practice of consultation and engagement with Māori could be made if the consultation requirements for mainstream research were to be paper based, and reviewed by an ethics committee without actual expectation of mandatory consultation conditions. On the other hand, Māori centred research should require actual and detailed evidence of consultation that would be tied to an explicit articulation of the mutual understanding of the benefits accruing from this relationship.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"75 3 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75533972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1177083X.2013.869760
Janine Hayward
In 2011, New Zealanders decided by referendum to retain the mixed member proportional representation voting system. This article investigates the benefits of including a deliberative, participatory process in electoral reform to encourage collective debate and an informed choice by voters. In the last decade, Canada and the Netherlands have used citizens' assemblies, a form of participatory democracy, for electoral reform. This paper argues that a similar process would have been appropriate and valuable for New Zealand. Moreover, the discussion highlights the value of citizens' assemblies for minorities who can be outvoted in a referendum. This is considered with specific reference to voters in the Māori seats who had much at stake in the electoral reform. In addition to the general benefit of citizens' assemblies for electoral reform, a New Zealand assembly would have allowed for collective deliberation that ensured the inclusion of the perspectives of voters in the Māori seats.
{"title":"Rethinking electoral reform in New Zealand: the benefits of citizens' assemblies","authors":"Janine Hayward","doi":"10.1080/1177083X.2013.869760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2013.869760","url":null,"abstract":"In 2011, New Zealanders decided by referendum to retain the mixed member proportional representation voting system. This article investigates the benefits of including a deliberative, participatory process in electoral reform to encourage collective debate and an informed choice by voters. In the last decade, Canada and the Netherlands have used citizens' assemblies, a form of participatory democracy, for electoral reform. This paper argues that a similar process would have been appropriate and valuable for New Zealand. Moreover, the discussion highlights the value of citizens' assemblies for minorities who can be outvoted in a referendum. This is considered with specific reference to voters in the Māori seats who had much at stake in the electoral reform. In addition to the general benefit of citizens' assemblies for electoral reform, a New Zealand assembly would have allowed for collective deliberation that ensured the inclusion of the perspectives of voters in the Māori seats.","PeriodicalId":39455,"journal":{"name":"Kotuitui","volume":"39 1","pages":"11 - 19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85821400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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