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Screen Time, Covid, and ASD 屏幕时间、新冠肺炎和ASD
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702j
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引用次数: 0
Bilingual Language Learning 双语语言学习
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702g
United States, have banned the practice, which is increasingly seen as a form of violence. Researchers have reviewed 69 studies from the United States and eight from other countries involving physical punishment such as spanking and excluded any behaviors that could constitute child physical abuse. All the evidence indicates that physical punishment is harmful to children’s development and well-being. Negative outcomes associated with physical punishment, such as behavior problems, occurred no matter the child’s sex, race, or ethnicity and regardless of the overall parenting styles of the caregivers. The researchers also found evidence that the magnitude of negative outcomes for children increased the more frequently physical punishment was used. In the U.S., it is legal in all 50 states for parents to use physical punishment. Given the strength of the evidence that physical punishment has the potential to cause harm to children, policymakers have a responsibility to protect children and legislate to end the use of physical punishment in all settings.
美国已经禁止这种做法,这种做法越来越被视为一种暴力形式。研究人员回顾了来自美国的69项研究和来自其他国家的8项涉及体罚(如打屁股)的研究,并排除了任何可能构成儿童身体虐待的行为。所有证据都表明体罚对儿童的发展和幸福有害。与体罚相关的负面结果,如行为问题,无论孩子的性别、种族或民族,也无论照顾者的整体育儿方式如何,都会发生。研究人员还发现,有证据表明,体罚的频率越高,儿童的负面后果就越严重。在美国,父母使用体罚在所有50个州都是合法的。鉴于有大量证据表明体罚有可能对儿童造成伤害,政策制定者有责任保护儿童,并立法终止在所有情况下使用体罚。
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引用次数: 0
Why Is Symbolic Play Problematic for Children With Autism? 为什么符号游戏对自闭症儿童有问题?
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702a
C. Westby
conflict, setting, and resolution during a narrative task describing film clips. They showed difficulties distinguishing elements that are relevant to the “big picture” from those that are not, and this extended beyond the realm of mental states or social cognition. Narrative language is a vulnerable domain in children and adolescents with ASD. Due to the limitations of standardized tests, such as lack of sensitivity (Botting, 2010), narrative assessment is valuable adjunct to assessment of children and adolescents with ASD. In this meta-analysis, their children’s performance was worse on all the variables considered, with a larger effect size in aspects that evaluate the macrostructure of the story. Consequently, for clinicians it is crucial to plan interventions designed to improve this weakness in discourse competence, especially considering the close relationships among the narrative domain, academic achievement, and social relations.
描述电影片段的叙事任务中的冲突、背景和解决方案。他们很难区分与“大局”相关的元素和不相关的元素,这超出了心理状态或社会认知的范围。叙事语言是自闭症儿童和青少年的一个脆弱领域。由于标准化测试的局限性,如缺乏敏感性(Botting,2010),叙事评估是评估患有自闭症儿童和青少年的有价值的辅助手段。在这项荟萃分析中,他们的孩子在所有考虑的变量上的表现都更差,在评估故事宏观结构的方面的影响更大。因此,对于临床医生来说,制定旨在改善话语能力弱点的干预措施至关重要,特别是考虑到叙事领域、学术成就和社会关系之间的密切关系。
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引用次数: 1
What You Didn’t Know You Know About English 你不知道的英语你知道
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702i
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating Participation With the FACT 使用FACT评估参与度
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702d
C. Westby
This Idea Swap describes a tool (Functional Abilities Classification Tool, FACT) that speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can use to assess the degree to which students with disabilities participate in school activities and the degree of supports they require to participate. The FACT was developed by Klein and Kraus de Camargo (2018). The article is open access: Klein, B., & Kraus de Camargo, O. (2018). A pro-posed functional abilities classification tool for developmental disorders affecting learning and behavior. I highly recommend downloading the supple-mental material for the article. It provides a suc-cinct explanation of the FACT, instructions for using and scoring the FACT, and forms that can be used to record assessment data. The supplementary material for this article can be found online at http://www.
这个想法交换描述了一个工具(功能能力分类工具,FACT),语言病理学家(slp)可以使用它来评估残疾学生参与学校活动的程度以及他们参与所需要的支持程度。FACT是由Klein和Kraus de Camargo(2018)开发的。本文开放获取:Klein, B., & Kraus de Camargo, O.(2018)。一种影响学习和行为发育障碍的功能能力分类工具。我强烈建议下载这篇文章的补充材料。它提供了对FACT的简洁解释,使用和评分FACT的说明,以及可用于记录评估数据的表格。本文的补充材料可以在http://www上找到。
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引用次数: 0
Physical Punishment 体罚
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_100495
L. Stutts, Brenda Moretta Guerrero, Michael O. Brigano, Gregory E. Everett, Angela N. Maupin, A. Pham, J. Carlson, Elizabetha Levin, C. Noggle, A. McKinlay, J. Naglieri, Lisa A. Curb, Laura Barney, Sahran Hamit, Tamara Del Vecchio, Jane Naylor, J. Axe, Meredith L. Slish, A. Moreau, Leah E. Johnson, Heather M. Kelley, Bernadette Hassan Solórzano, Phyllis Curtis‐Tweed, J. Sander, Loretta C. Rudd, Macy Satterwhite, Sunny Windingstad, Kyle Litchfield, M. Lambert, Christopher Pilat, Lisa Kilanowski-Press, Laurice M. Joseph, Robert Walrath, S. Dvorak, Tasha R Howe, Amy J. Kaye, C. Erdley, Daniel Patanella, J. Jansen, Jennifer Stapel-Wax, Katherine S. Spencer, Brady I. Phelps, Jill A. Anderson, T. McLellan, Kathy Deornellas, Crystal Short, D. Brandwein, Tony Wu, Ashlea R. Smith, David N. Miller, Michelle Johnson, Ivy Chong, P. Hsieh, N. Foster, Andrea Green, J. Snarey, Rania D. Hadjicosta, X. Anastassiou-Hadjicharalambous, Magdalen Toole, L. Wilkinson, Amie K. Senland, Derek D. Reed, J. Luiselli, Gretchen Schoen
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引用次数: 6
Narratives of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder 自闭症谱系障碍儿童的叙事
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702
C. Westby
Narrative skills are critical for effective social interactions and academic success. Consequently, speech-language pathologists regularly assess children’s narrative skills and design interventions to develop children’s narratives. Children with high-functioning autism may have age-appropriate vocabulary and syntactic skills yet exhibit significant difficulties in producing coherent narratives. Understanding the nature of these narrative difficulties is essential to creating effective intervention programs to develop children’s narrative abilities. Baixauli and colleagues conducted a meta-analysis of 24 studies that had investigated narrative skills of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study was guided by three questions:
叙事技巧对于有效的社交互动和学术成功至关重要。因此,言语语言病理学家定期评估儿童的叙事技能,并设计干预措施来发展儿童的叙事。患有高功能自闭症的儿童可能具有与年龄相适应的词汇和句法技能,但在产生连贯的叙述方面表现出显著的困难。了解这些叙述困难的本质对于制定有效的干预计划来培养儿童的叙述能力至关重要。Baixauli及其同事对24项研究进行了荟萃分析,这些研究调查了自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童的叙事技能。该研究以三个问题为指导:
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引用次数: 0
Curtin University Discourse Protocol—Adolescent Version (CUDP-A) 科廷大学话语协议——青少年版(CUDP-A)
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702c
C. Westby, E. Hill, Mary Claessen, M. Boyes, A. Whitworth
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引用次数: 0
Earliest Memories 最早的记忆
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1080/21674086.1956.11926024
L. Saul, T. R. Synder, E. Sheppard
United States, have banned the practice, which is increasingly seen as a form of violence. Researchers have reviewed 69 studies from the United States and eight from other countries involving physical punishment such as spanking and excluded any behaviors that could constitute child physical abuse. All the evidence indicates that physical punishment is harmful to children’s development and well-being. Negative outcomes associated with physical punishment, such as behavior problems, occurred no matter the child’s sex, race, or ethnicity and regardless of the overall parenting styles of the caregivers. The researchers also found evidence that the magnitude of negative outcomes for children increased the more frequently physical punishment was used. In the U.S., it is legal in all 50 states for parents to use physical punishment. Given the strength of the evidence that physical punishment has the potential to cause harm to children, policymakers have a responsibility to protect children and legislate to end the use of physical punishment in all settings.
美国已经禁止这种做法,这种做法越来越被视为一种暴力形式。研究人员回顾了来自美国的69项研究和来自其他国家的8项涉及体罚(如打屁股)的研究,并排除了任何可能构成儿童身体虐待的行为。所有证据都表明体罚对儿童的发展和幸福有害。与体罚相关的负面结果,如行为问题,无论孩子的性别、种族或民族,也无论照顾者的整体育儿方式如何,都会发生。研究人员还发现,有证据表明,体罚的频率越高,儿童的负面后果就越严重。在美国,父母使用体罚在所有50个州都是合法的。鉴于有大量证据表明体罚有可能对儿童造成伤害,政策制定者有责任保护儿童,并立法终止在所有情况下使用体罚。
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引用次数: 39
Prenatal Exposure to Acetaminophen 产前接触对乙酰氨基酚
Q4 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/10483950221120702e
Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen is associated with higher odds of symptoms of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum conditions (ASC). Researchers used data from six European population-based birth/child cohorts (73,881 mother–child pairs) to evaluate the association between prenatal and postnatal (up to 18 months) acetaminophen exposure and ASC and ADHD symptoms (assessed at 4 to 12 years of age). The researchers found that the proportion of children having borderline or clinical symptoms ranged from 0.9% to 12.9% for ASC and between 1.2% and 12.2% for ADHD. Compared with nonexposed children, those prenatally exposed to acetaminophen were more likely to subsequently have borderline or clinical symptoms of ASC and ADHD. While both boys and girls with prenatal exposure showed higher odds of ASC and ADHD symptoms, associations were slightly stronger among boys. There was no association between postnatal exposure to acetaminophen and either ASC or ADHD symptoms. Considering the evidence on acetaminophen and neurodevelopment, researchers recommend that acetaminophen should only be used by pregnant women when necessary.
产前接触对乙酰氨基酚与注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)和自闭症谱系障碍(ASC)症状的几率较高有关。研究人员使用了来自六个欧洲人口出生/儿童队列(73881对母子)的数据来评估产前和产后(长达18个月)对乙酰氨基酚暴露与ASC和ADHD症状(在4至12岁时评估)之间的关系。研究人员发现,ASC儿童有临界或临床症状的比例在0.9%至12.9%之间,ADHD儿童有1.2%至12.2%之间。与未暴露的儿童相比,那些产前接触对乙酰氨基酚的儿童更有可能随后出现ASC和ADHD的边缘或临床症状。虽然产前接触过ASC和ADHD症状的男孩和女孩都表现出更高的几率,但男孩之间的关联性略强。产后接触对乙酰氨基酚与ASC或ADHD症状之间没有关联。考虑到对乙酰氨基酚和神经发育的证据,研究人员建议只有孕妇在必要时才能使用对乙酰氨基苯酚。
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引用次数: 3
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Word of Mouth
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