Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of neuronal ganglions in the intestine, leading to impaired bowel movement and serious constipation. It affects 1 in 5,000 live births. HSCR can be syndromic or non-syndromic and the genetics behind it is complex as many genes are implicated with its etiology and prognosis, most importantly, the RET gene. HSCR is diagnosed from colon biopsies, but novel molecular testing of many gene panels is promising. Furthermore, HSCR prevalence across English, Hispanic, African American, Asian, or Arabian populations have been investigated, and the alleles frequencies of RET ClinVar entries provided. In this review, we aim to discuss the status of the disorder in Jordan. Seven publications were summarized and sub-grouped into: (1) case reports, (2) mortality rates, and (3) genetic testing. Also, information was gathered from Jordanian families with HSCR children about health and social aspects in Jordan. The research in Jordan is modest and demands further investigation on the molecular basis of the diseases within the Jordanian population so that optimal management can be expected and awareness raised for this rare disease in the society.
赫氏病（HSCR）是一种先天性疾病，其特征是肠道内神经元神经节缺失，导致肠道运动功能受损和严重便秘。每 5,000 名活产婴儿中就有 1 人患此病。HSCR 可分为综合征和非综合征，其背后的遗传学非常复杂，因为许多基因都与该病的病因和预后有关，其中最重要的是 RET 基因。HSCR 可通过结肠活检确诊，但对许多基因进行新型分子检测很有前景。此外，我们还调查了 HSCR 在英国、西班牙裔、非裔美国人、亚洲人或阿拉伯人中的流行情况，并提供了 RET ClinVar 条目的等位基因频率。在本综述中，我们旨在讨论该疾病在约旦的现状。我们总结了七篇出版物，并将其细分为：（1）病例报告；（2）死亡率；（3）基因检测。此外，我们还向约旦的HSCR患儿家庭收集了有关约旦健康和社会方面的信息。约旦的研究还很有限，需要进一步调查约旦人口中疾病的分子基础，以便进行最佳管理，并提高社会对这种罕见疾病的认识。
{"title":"Hirschsprung Disease in Jordan: A Review and Status Update","authors":"Asem Alkhateeb, Shadi Shahatit","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.426","url":null,"abstract":"Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a congenital disorder characterized by the absence of neuronal ganglions in the intestine, leading to impaired bowel movement and serious constipation. It affects 1 in 5,000 live births. HSCR can be syndromic or non-syndromic and the genetics behind it is complex as many genes are implicated with its etiology and prognosis, most importantly, the RET gene. HSCR is diagnosed from colon biopsies, but novel molecular testing of many gene panels is promising. Furthermore, HSCR prevalence across English, Hispanic, African American, Asian, or Arabian populations have been investigated, and the alleles frequencies of RET ClinVar entries provided. In this review, we aim to discuss the status of the disorder in Jordan. Seven publications were summarized and sub-grouped into: (1) case reports, (2) mortality rates, and (3) genetic testing. Also, information was gathered from Jordanian families with HSCR children about health and social aspects in Jordan. The research in Jordan is modest and demands further investigation on the molecular basis of the diseases within the Jordanian population so that optimal management can be expected and awareness raised for this rare disease in the society.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"16 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noha Al-Shdayfat, L. Tawalbeh, R. Al-husban, Rania Al-Ajlouni, Fadwa Abuelashaar
Breast cancer is one of the most death-leading factor among women worldwide, Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is well known to be an effective practice for early detection of breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of BSE training program on women’s health practices to prevent breast cancer. A quasi experimental design was used to identify the effect of a training program about BSE on the participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). We recruited 117 women aged 20 – 54 years attending Maternal and Child Health care centers in Jordan, 66 women received training on BSE and 51 women did not, a pre-post test was conducted to both groups. At 2 months, the intervention increased the mean score of KAP (P < 0.05) for the interventional group compared to the control group. Training on BSE for women can improve their knowledge, attitudes, and practice to perform BSE appropriately. Key words: Breast cancer, Training program, Jordan, women.
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitudes and practice of Breast Self-Examination among Jordanian Women","authors":"Noha Al-Shdayfat, L. Tawalbeh, R. Al-husban, Rania Al-Ajlouni, Fadwa Abuelashaar","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.306","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most death-leading factor among women worldwide, Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is well known to be an effective practice for early detection of breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of BSE training program on women’s health practices to prevent breast cancer. A quasi experimental design was used to identify the effect of a training program about BSE on the participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP). We recruited 117 women aged 20 – 54 years attending Maternal and Child Health care centers in Jordan, 66 women received training on BSE and 51 women did not, a pre-post test was conducted to both groups. At 2 months, the intervention increased the mean score of KAP (P < 0.05) for the interventional group compared to the control group. Training on BSE for women can improve their knowledge, attitudes, and practice to perform BSE appropriately. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: Breast cancer, Training program, Jordan, women. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"42 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelkader Battah, Kamal Hadidi, Nathir Obeidat, Khairat Battah, S. Khasawneh, Mazen Malkawi, Balqees Bani Hamad, Basel Massad, Akram Alhadidi, Aya Masadeh, Hanna Matarweh
Background: Poison centers (PCs) have been established in some of the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) countries; however, their history, scope of services, and data collection parameters have not been studied. Aims: To investigate whether PCs in the EMR offer standardized and harmonized services compared to PCs in developed countries.Methods: Required data were extracted from a questionnaire that was distributed to EM poison centers and from articles published during 1995–2021 by PCs in the EMR.Results: A total of 23 PCs were found in 14 of the 22 EMR countries, the majority of which shared data entry of the main poisoning parameters. Scope of services was documented by 10 PCs in EMR countries. Only three poison centers, located in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia, provided all of the WHO-listed main services, while four PCs provided poison information and laboratory services and the rest provided one or two services. Conclusion: Only 63% of EMR countries have a poison center, and most of them lack functions and services at the level needed as public health providers. Collaboration among PCs in EMR countries is required to determine weaknesses, strengths, and challenges.
背景：东地中海地区（EMR）的一些国家已经建立了毒物中心（PCs），但尚未对其历史、服务范围和数据收集参数进行研究。目的：与发达国家的中毒中心相比，调查东地中海地区的中毒中心是否提供标准化的统一服务：方法：从向电磁中毒中心发放的调查问卷和 1995-2021 年间电磁记录仪 PC 发表的文章中提取所需的数据：结果：在 22 个欧洲监测报告国家中的 14 个国家共发现了 23 家中毒中心，其中大多数中毒中心共享主要中毒参数的数据录入。在环境监测报告国家中，有 10 家个人计算机记录了服务范围。只有埃及、沙特阿拉伯和突尼斯的三家中毒中心提供了世界卫生组织列出的所有主要服务，四家中毒中心提供了中毒信息和实验室服务，其余的中毒中心提供了一种或两种服务。结论只有 63% 的欧洲、中东和北非国家设有毒物中心，其中大多数毒物中心缺乏作为公共卫生提供者所需的功能和服务。环境监测与报告国家的 PC 之间需要开展合作，以确定弱点、优势和挑战。
{"title":"Poison Centers in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: History, Scope of Services, and Strengths and Weaknesses as Public Healthcare Providers","authors":"Abdelkader Battah, Kamal Hadidi, Nathir Obeidat, Khairat Battah, S. Khasawneh, Mazen Malkawi, Balqees Bani Hamad, Basel Massad, Akram Alhadidi, Aya Masadeh, Hanna Matarweh","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.1740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.1740","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Poison centers (PCs) have been established in some of the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR) countries; however, their history, scope of services, and data collection parameters have not been studied. Aims: To investigate whether PCs in the EMR offer standardized and harmonized services compared to PCs in developed countries.Methods: Required data were extracted from a questionnaire that was distributed to EM poison centers and from articles published during 1995–2021 by PCs in the EMR.Results: A total of 23 PCs were found in 14 of the 22 EMR countries, the majority of which shared data entry of the main poisoning parameters. Scope of services was documented by 10 PCs in EMR countries. Only three poison centers, located in Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia, provided all of the WHO-listed main services, while four PCs provided poison information and laboratory services and the rest provided one or two services. Conclusion: Only 63% of EMR countries have a poison center, and most of them lack functions and services at the level needed as public health providers. Collaboration among PCs in EMR countries is required to determine weaknesses, strengths, and challenges.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farihan Barghouti, Aseel Al Rababah, Nadia Almahallawi, D. Suleiman, Rwand Al-Amairah, Zina Smadi, Omar Ismail
Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a term that has acquired different definitions in different settings and is considered as an ambiguous concept. However, it represents an empiricist mode of thinking in medicine. EBM is a patient-centered approach in medicine and bases clinical knowledge on evidence as well as having a huge impact on clinical practice during the past few decades.Aim: The study aimed to evaluate medical resident trainees’ attitude, knowledge, and practice of EBM and encountered barriers in clinical settings to determine the relationship between trainees at different levels and departments and implications on patient care.Methods: A cross sectional survey conducted between June 2022 till December 2022, utilizing face-to-face and online questionnaire. Our questionnaire consisted of 37 questions which include characteristics of the sample in addition to attitudes related to EBM and perceptions of barriers related to it. Inclusion criteria were residents working at Jordan University Hospital with a total of 175 residents who agreed to participate in this study, and exclusion criteria were other medical assistant members and fellows.Results: A survey was distributed to 175 residents, who completed it and provided information on their sociodemographic. Approximately 72.6 percent of the participants were females (n = 127), and the median age was 27 years and an interquartile range of 2 years. The majority of participants (n = 171, 97.7%) stated that they had heard the term "evidence-based medicine" before. When asked about the residents' knowledge of various research-related terms, their answers showed a positive trend, with the majority indicating that they had some understanding of the term. The remaining findings are covered below.Conclusion: Despite having received no formal training in this area during their years of training, JUH residents demonstrated positive views regarding EBM, supporting it, and believing in its conclusions. They also generally had good terminology knowledge. More than 85% utilize medical websites, more than 50% have papers published, and more than 50% endorse EBM.
{"title":"Evidence-Based Medicine Attitudes among Residents at Jordan University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Farihan Barghouti, Aseel Al Rababah, Nadia Almahallawi, D. Suleiman, Rwand Al-Amairah, Zina Smadi, Omar Ismail","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.1084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.1084","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is a term that has acquired different definitions in different settings and is considered as an ambiguous concept. However, it represents an empiricist mode of thinking in medicine. EBM is a patient-centered approach in medicine and bases clinical knowledge on evidence as well as having a huge impact on clinical practice during the past few decades.Aim: The study aimed to evaluate medical resident trainees’ attitude, knowledge, and practice of EBM and encountered barriers in clinical settings to determine the relationship between trainees at different levels and departments and implications on patient care.Methods: A cross sectional survey conducted between June 2022 till December 2022, utilizing face-to-face and online questionnaire. Our questionnaire consisted of 37 questions which include characteristics of the sample in addition to attitudes related to EBM and perceptions of barriers related to it. Inclusion criteria were residents working at Jordan University Hospital with a total of 175 residents who agreed to participate in this study, and exclusion criteria were other medical assistant members and fellows.Results: A survey was distributed to 175 residents, who completed it and provided information on their sociodemographic. Approximately 72.6 percent of the participants were females (n = 127), and the median age was 27 years and an interquartile range of 2 years. The majority of participants (n = 171, 97.7%) stated that they had heard the term \"evidence-based medicine\" before. When asked about the residents' knowledge of various research-related terms, their answers showed a positive trend, with the majority indicating that they had some understanding of the term. The remaining findings are covered below.Conclusion: Despite having received no formal training in this area during their years of training, JUH residents demonstrated positive views regarding EBM, supporting it, and believing in its conclusions. They also generally had good terminology knowledge. More than 85% utilize medical websites, more than 50% have papers published, and more than 50% endorse EBM.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Aims: The study aimed to assess serum levels of hepcidin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia intermedia and major and to examine the correlation between hepcidin and SOD in those patients. Subjects and Methods: Sixty patients with β-thalassemia aged 2-25 years were recruited from the Thalassemia Unit of the Zarqa New Governmental hospital. The patients were classified into two forms of thalassemia and assessed for serum levels of hepcidin and SOD. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the differences between the patients of the two forms, compare the levels of hepcidin and SOD with the normal reference ranges, and calculate the correlation coefficients. Results: The study sample included 31 thalassemia intermedia patients and 29 patients with thalassemia major who are 33 females and 27 males. All patients had significantly deficient hepcidin (2.21±0.16 ng/ml) and increased serum SOD (3.13±0.14 ng/ml) levels compared to normal values. Ferritin was very high (3036.9±309.7 ng/ml) in all patients and highest in adult patients and those with thalassemia major. No significant correlations were found between hepcidin or SOD and ferritin (P> 0.05). Only in children patients, hepcidin was positively correlated with SOD (r= 0.848, P= 0.033). Conclusions: Jordanian β-thalassemia patients had hepcidin deficiency contributing to iron accumulation. SOD had a significant protective role against oxidation in β-thalassemia. Chelation therapy is inadequate to treat iron overload, which is still the predominant contributor to health complications in thalassemia. Therefore, the use of hepcidin agonists could be a beneficial treatment of excess iron.
{"title":"Status of Hepcidin and SOD in a Sample of Jordanian β-Thalassemia Patients","authors":"Hamed Rabah Takruri, Dana Adnan Al-Omari","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.374","url":null,"abstract":"Background Aims: The study aimed to assess serum levels of hepcidin and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in patients diagnosed with β-thalassemia intermedia and major and to examine the correlation between hepcidin and SOD in those patients. \u0000Subjects and Methods: Sixty patients with β-thalassemia aged 2-25 years were recruited from the Thalassemia Unit of the Zarqa New Governmental hospital. The patients were classified into two forms of thalassemia and assessed for serum levels of hepcidin and SOD. Statistical analysis was performed to investigate the differences between the patients of the two forms, compare the levels of hepcidin and SOD with the normal reference ranges, and calculate the correlation coefficients. \u0000Results: The study sample included 31 thalassemia intermedia patients and 29 patients with thalassemia major who are 33 females and 27 males. All patients had significantly deficient hepcidin (2.21±0.16 ng/ml) and increased serum SOD (3.13±0.14 ng/ml) levels compared to normal values. Ferritin was very high (3036.9±309.7 ng/ml) in all patients and highest in adult patients and those with thalassemia major. No significant correlations were found between hepcidin or SOD and ferritin (P> 0.05). Only in children patients, hepcidin was positively correlated with SOD (r= 0.848, P= 0.033). \u0000Conclusions: Jordanian β-thalassemia patients had hepcidin deficiency contributing to iron accumulation. SOD had a significant protective role against oxidation in β-thalassemia. Chelation therapy is inadequate to treat iron overload, which is still the predominant contributor to health complications in thalassemia. Therefore, the use of hepcidin agonists could be a beneficial treatment of excess iron.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatima Jamali, Mahmoud Quda, Said Dahbour, D. Alhattab, Hisham Bawa'neh, Reem Rahmeh, Osama Samara, Abdalla Awidi
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) of various origins are the most widely investigated type of stem cells in clinical trials. We report a treatment comparison of two adult sources of autologous MSCs regarding safety and efficacy in established spinal cord injury (SCI).Materials and Methods: In this Phase I/II open-label two-arm study, patients were divided into two groups. The first group was treated with autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC), while the second was treated with autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSC). Safety and outcomes were assessed in both groups for 24 months post-treatment initiation using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS).Results: Both groups showed no serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). AIS-assessed outcomes pointed to sensory and motor improvements in patients of both groups. Patients who received AT-MSCs showed better sensory and motor function improvement than those who received BM-MSCs. One patient in the AT-MSCs group regained the ability to walk after years of disability.Conclusions: Intrathecal injection of autologous AT-MSCs and autologous BM-MSC appears to be safe, with a possible advantage in the AT-MSCs treatment option regarding efficacy over BM-MSCs. Future clinical trials investigating larger sample sizes are warranted for wider use of this treatment modality in clinical practice. Furthermore, earlier use of cellular therapy intervention for SCI patients is predicted to improve the benefits.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02981576
{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Fatima Jamali, Mahmoud Quda, Said Dahbour, D. Alhattab, Hisham Bawa'neh, Reem Rahmeh, Osama Samara, Abdalla Awidi","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.523","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) of various origins are the most widely investigated type of stem cells in clinical trials. We report a treatment comparison of two adult sources of autologous MSCs regarding safety and efficacy in established spinal cord injury (SCI).Materials and Methods: In this Phase I/II open-label two-arm study, patients were divided into two groups. The first group was treated with autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSC), while the second was treated with autologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSC). Safety and outcomes were assessed in both groups for 24 months post-treatment initiation using the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS).Results: Both groups showed no serious treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). AIS-assessed outcomes pointed to sensory and motor improvements in patients of both groups. Patients who received AT-MSCs showed better sensory and motor function improvement than those who received BM-MSCs. One patient in the AT-MSCs group regained the ability to walk after years of disability.Conclusions: Intrathecal injection of autologous AT-MSCs and autologous BM-MSC appears to be safe, with a possible advantage in the AT-MSCs treatment option regarding efficacy over BM-MSCs. Future clinical trials investigating larger sample sizes are warranted for wider use of this treatment modality in clinical practice. Furthermore, earlier use of cellular therapy intervention for SCI patients is predicted to improve the benefits.Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02981576","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"11 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nafez Abu Tarboush, Tala S Alsharaeh, Ibrahim Alawaisheh
Background and Aims: The importance of establishing a universal baseline for irisin in healthy individuals has often been overlooked. Irisin is a recently identified adipomyokine messenger with proven diverse properties and functions in various parts of the body. In this review, published studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, and quantification are summarized, with a focus on its levels in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Materials and Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, quantification, and effects in various tissues (no year restriction) using the following search terms: ‘irisin’, ‘FNDC5’, and ‘PGC-1α’, along with papers that discussed the levels of irisin in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Results: Most of the current research was found to focus on the study of irisin concentrations in fluids of individuals with various comorbidities relative to controls, for the purpose of assessing its role in disease progression and prevention. Few papers have been able to establish a reliable baseline for its levels in healthy individuals due to insufficient sample sizes, use of differing quantification methods, and factors involving racial, gender, and age variances.Conclusions: Establishing a universal reference range for circulating irisin levels in healthy individuals has proven to be challenging. Despite being a potential biomarker for predicting illness, further investigation is still needed to overcome current limitations.
背景和目的：建立健康人体内鸢尾素普遍基线的重要性常常被忽视。鸢尾素是最近发现的一种脂肪肌动蛋白信使，其在身体各部位的特性和功能多种多样。本综述总结了已发表的有关鸢尾素结构、作用机制和定量的研究，重点关注其水平与生理和病理状况的关系：使用以下检索词在 PubMed、ScienceDirect 和 Web of Science 上检索有关鸢尾素的结构、作用机制、定量以及在各种组织中的作用的研究（无年份限制）：鸢尾素"、"FNDC5 "和 "PGC-1α"，以及讨论鸢尾素水平与生理和病理条件关系的论文：结果：我们发现目前的大部分研究都集中在研究鸢尾素在患有各种并发症的人的体液中相对于对照组的浓度，目的是评估鸢尾素在疾病进展和预防中的作用。由于样本量不足、使用的定量方法不同以及种族、性别和年龄差异等因素，很少有论文能够为健康人体内的鸢尾素水平确定可靠的基准线：结论：事实证明，为健康人的循环鸢尾素水平建立一个通用的参考范围具有挑战性。尽管鸢尾素是一种潜在的预测疾病的生物标志物，但仍需进一步研究以克服目前的局限性。
{"title":"Irisin’s Mechanism of Action and Levels in Physiological and Pathological Conditions","authors":"Nafez Abu Tarboush, Tala S Alsharaeh, Ibrahim Alawaisheh","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.565","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: The importance of establishing a universal baseline for irisin in healthy individuals has often been overlooked. Irisin is a recently identified adipomyokine messenger with proven diverse properties and functions in various parts of the body. In this review, published studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, and quantification are summarized, with a focus on its levels in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Materials and Methods: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science were searched for studies on irisin’s structure, mechanism of action, quantification, and effects in various tissues (no year restriction) using the following search terms: ‘irisin’, ‘FNDC5’, and ‘PGC-1α’, along with papers that discussed the levels of irisin in relation to physiological and pathological conditions.Results: Most of the current research was found to focus on the study of irisin concentrations in fluids of individuals with various comorbidities relative to controls, for the purpose of assessing its role in disease progression and prevention. Few papers have been able to establish a reliable baseline for its levels in healthy individuals due to insufficient sample sizes, use of differing quantification methods, and factors involving racial, gender, and age variances.Conclusions: Establishing a universal reference range for circulating irisin levels in healthy individuals has proven to be challenging. Despite being a potential biomarker for predicting illness, further investigation is still needed to overcome current limitations.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141273325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moaath Alsmady, Mohammad AlShatnawi, Basil Al bakri, Mohammad Sunoqrot, Ali Al-Na'san, Abdel rahman Alsabi’, Orhan Alimoglu
Background and aims: Bronchogenic cysts are rare mediastinal tumors caused by foregut malformations. Although surgery remains the definitive form of diagnosis and treatment, we can reach a diagnosis by imaging modalities. This retrospective study aims to analyze our experience with bronchogenic cysts and present a discussion of the demographics of patients, patient signs and symptoms, and cyst complications, as well as a surgical approach for resection and surgical outcomes for patients described in this study.Methods: This retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study reviewed the medical records of 12 patients who were formally diagnosed with bronchogenic cysts by histopathology and treated surgically between 2010 and 2020. We reviewed the medical records of all patients, including age, location of the cyst, symptoms, complications, imaging techniques, and surgical interventions.Results: In total, twelve bronchogenic cyst cases were included. Eight mediastinal cysts (two intrathymic) and four intraparenchymal cysts. One patient was asymptomatic, and the remaining 11 were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Four cases suffered from severe bronchogenic cyst complications, of which three had pneumonia and one atelectasis. The longest axis of a bronchogenic cyst ranged from 2–11cm (mean = 4.52cm). All 12 patients underwent complete surgical resection of the cyst without postoperative complications or recurrence.Conclusion: Although bronchogenic cysts are rare, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diagnosing mediastinal tumors. In both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, complete surgical resection is the best option to prevent future recurrence and complications, such as malignancy.
{"title":"Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cysts: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment Outcomes","authors":"Moaath Alsmady, Mohammad AlShatnawi, Basil Al bakri, Mohammad Sunoqrot, Ali Al-Na'san, Abdel rahman Alsabi’, Orhan Alimoglu","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.258","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: Bronchogenic cysts are rare mediastinal tumors caused by foregut malformations. Although surgery remains the definitive form of diagnosis and treatment, we can reach a diagnosis by imaging modalities. This retrospective study aims to analyze our experience with bronchogenic cysts and present a discussion of the demographics of patients, patient signs and symptoms, and cyst complications, as well as a surgical approach for resection and surgical outcomes for patients described in this study.Methods: This retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study reviewed the medical records of 12 patients who were formally diagnosed with bronchogenic cysts by histopathology and treated surgically between 2010 and 2020. We reviewed the medical records of all patients, including age, location of the cyst, symptoms, complications, imaging techniques, and surgical interventions.Results: In total, twelve bronchogenic cyst cases were included. Eight mediastinal cysts (two intrathymic) and four intraparenchymal cysts. One patient was asymptomatic, and the remaining 11 were symptomatic. The most common symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Four cases suffered from severe bronchogenic cyst complications, of which three had pneumonia and one atelectasis. The longest axis of a bronchogenic cyst ranged from 2–11cm (mean = 4.52cm). All 12 patients underwent complete surgical resection of the cyst without postoperative complications or recurrence.Conclusion: Although bronchogenic cysts are rare, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of diagnosing mediastinal tumors. In both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases, complete surgical resection is the best option to prevent future recurrence and complications, such as malignancy.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"19 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The ongoing wars in various parts of the world continue to shed light on the importance of medical workers and volunteers in areas such as Gaza, Sudan, and Ukraine, while shocking us by their vulnerability to harm and death in these conflicts. The exponential increase of the number of medical workers harmed in the ongoing conflicts is calling us to action. For example, in the past six months of the Gaza war, at least 484 medical workers and volunteers were killed due to military attacks on health care facilities according to an April 3rd report by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs1.Hundreds of physicians, nurses, and other medical workers from all over the world have volunteered to serve in what has remained of the hospitals and clinics in Gaza, risking their lives every day and every hour. Although there are several motives behind medical volunteerism in war theaters, including patriotic, religious, and often purely humanistic motives, the volunteers end up serving in life threatening hot zones. Their loved ones in their homelands live in anguish during their absence with the anticipation that they may hear the worst at any moment. Most of us celebrate these volunteers as heroes. They are highly respected in their home countries and internationally. Their reports on the catastrophic healthcare conditions inform us of the dire need to help the innocent civilian victims of the conflicts who are often women and children as well as the elderly and the sick.Physicians and their allied medical professionals are life savers not only during peacetime, but more importantly during times of devastating wars with massive civilian casualties and extremely limited resources within health facilities. As the numbers from Gaza above show, a disproportionate number of these medical volunteers and workers have been killed or injured.The medical volunteers and workers deserve better protection during wartime, regardless of their motives to serve, because they truly try to save lives under difficult conditions; altruistically speaking, they represent the best of us; and they epitomize the very essence of what the medical profession is about.We believe that it is time for general medical journals, such as ours to unequivocally call for the international protection of medical volunteers and workers and denounce attacks on civilian healthcare infrastructure that cause harm to the medical workers and volunteers and call for their absolute cessation.
{"title":"A Call for Protection of Medical Workers and Volunteers","authors":"Malik Juweid, Mones Abu-Asab","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v58i2.2720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v58i2.2720","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing wars in various parts of the world continue to shed light on the importance of medical workers and volunteers in areas such as Gaza, Sudan, and Ukraine, while shocking us by their vulnerability to harm and death in these conflicts. The exponential increase of the number of medical workers harmed in the ongoing conflicts is calling us to action. For example, in the past six months of the Gaza war, at least 484 medical workers and volunteers were killed due to military attacks on health care facilities according to an April 3rd report by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs1.Hundreds of physicians, nurses, and other medical workers from all over the world have volunteered to serve in what has remained of the hospitals and clinics in Gaza, risking their lives every day and every hour. Although there are several motives behind medical volunteerism in war theaters, including patriotic, religious, and often purely humanistic motives, the volunteers end up serving in life threatening hot zones. Their loved ones in their homelands live in anguish during their absence with the anticipation that they may hear the worst at any moment. Most of us celebrate these volunteers as heroes. They are highly respected in their home countries and internationally. Their reports on the catastrophic healthcare conditions inform us of the dire need to help the innocent civilian victims of the conflicts who are often women and children as well as the elderly and the sick.Physicians and their allied medical professionals are life savers not only during peacetime, but more importantly during times of devastating wars with massive civilian casualties and extremely limited resources within health facilities. As the numbers from Gaza above show, a disproportionate number of these medical volunteers and workers have been killed or injured.The medical volunteers and workers deserve better protection during wartime, regardless of their motives to serve, because they truly try to save lives under difficult conditions; altruistically speaking, they represent the best of us; and they epitomize the very essence of what the medical profession is about.We believe that it is time for general medical journals, such as ours to unequivocally call for the international protection of medical volunteers and workers and denounce attacks on civilian healthcare infrastructure that cause harm to the medical workers and volunteers and call for their absolute cessation.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amjad Al-Shdaifat, Amjad Al Tarifi, Abed-Ellelah Abed-Ellelah, Ben Colton, Hana Taha
Objectives: To assess the likelihood of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the social stigma associated with contracting the disease. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in Prince Hamza Hospital, Jordan. Ninety-nine hospitalized COVID-19 patients filled a self-administered questionnaire encompassing demographic data, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), stigma and the effects of COVID-19 on the patient’s life post-recovery. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS 24. Results: The participants were 52% males, 48% females and nearly 61% of them were aged 20-50 years. The results showed that 45.5% of them had a high clinical concern for PTSD, 31.3% had a likely diagnosis of PTSD, and 28.3% had very severe acute stress symptoms. Regarding social stigma, 64% of participants expected that people would treat them differently to varying degrees.
{"title":"Prevalence of acute post-traumatic stress symptoms and perceived stigma among COVID-19 patients in Jordan","authors":"Amjad Al-Shdaifat, Amjad Al Tarifi, Abed-Ellelah Abed-Ellelah, Ben Colton, Hana Taha","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i4.2063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i4.2063","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the likelihood of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in patients with COVID-19 and to evaluate the social stigma associated with contracting the disease. \u0000Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in Prince Hamza Hospital, Jordan. Ninety-nine hospitalized COVID-19 patients filled a self-administered questionnaire encompassing demographic data, the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), stigma and the effects of COVID-19 on the patient’s life post-recovery. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS 24. \u0000Results: The participants were 52% males, 48% females and nearly 61% of them were aged 20-50 years. The results showed that 45.5% of them had a high clinical concern for PTSD, 31.3% had a likely diagnosis of PTSD, and 28.3% had very severe acute stress symptoms. Regarding social stigma, 64% of participants expected that people would treat them differently to varying degrees.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"69 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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