Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Disease activity has been suggested as an important indicator for QoL in patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to examine the association between disease activity and patient QoL.
Methods: A correlation cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to February 2018. We collected a convenience sample from three major hospitals in southern and northern Palestine. A disease-specific inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) was used to examine QoL and the results were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Findings: 132 patients were involved in this study. The mean age was 34 years (SD 13) and 77 (58.3%) patients were men. Active disease had been reported in 81 participants (61.4%) in the previous six months. The average IBDQ scores were 150.72 ± 30.08. Emotional and bowel domains were more disrupted than other domains. Active disease was the major significant factor associated with IBD patients’ QoL in all-dimensional scores (p<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that patients in remission (r2 = 0.436, p<0.001), with high educational status (r2 =0.035, p=0.009) and using azathioprine (r2 =0.017, p=0.034) were independently associated with high QoL.
Conclusions: This study showed a low QoL among Palestinian IBD patients compared to other countries, and identified a number of significant associated factors that should be considered when dealing with IBD.
{"title":"Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Palestine","authors":"Tasneem Smerat, Maher Khdour, Qusay Abdoh, Hussein Hallak","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1671","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has a significant impact on quality of life (QoL). Disease activity has been suggested as an important indicator for QoL in patients with IBD. The aim of this study was to examine the association between disease activity and patient QoL.
 Methods: A correlation cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to February 2018. We collected a convenience sample from three major hospitals in southern and northern Palestine. A disease-specific inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ) was used to examine QoL and the results were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
 Findings: 132 patients were involved in this study. The mean age was 34 years (SD 13) and 77 (58.3%) patients were men. Active disease had been reported in 81 participants (61.4%) in the previous six months. The average IBDQ scores were 150.72 ± 30.08. Emotional and bowel domains were more disrupted than other domains. Active disease was the major significant factor associated with IBD patients’ QoL in all-dimensional scores (p<0.001). Regression analysis revealed that patients in remission (r2 = 0.436, p<0.001), with high educational status (r2 =0.035, p=0.009) and using azathioprine (r2 =0.017, p=0.034) were independently associated with high QoL.
 Conclusions: This study showed a low QoL among Palestinian IBD patients compared to other countries, and identified a number of significant associated factors that should be considered when dealing with IBD.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136119357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Enas M. Darwish, Ahmed A. Jaradat, Namaa Ibrahim, Kanz W Ghalib, Sara Khonji, Ruel Gutierrez, Taysir Garadah
Background: The application of medical simulation as a teaching tool in medical education is mounting. Although pre-briefing is the introductory phase of the simulation process, its structure and role in medical education have not been well studied. Objective: To study the effect of a structured pre-briefing using concept mapping on medical students’ competency performance and clinical judgment. Methods: This study included 84 fifth-year medical students. Students were divided into two groups: the interventional group included 44 students who received structured pre-briefing (traditional pre-briefing plus concept mapping) and the control group of 40 who students received traditional pre-briefing. The students’ clinical competency was assessed using the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (C-CEI) in addition to the pre-briefing assessment questionnaire filled out by the students at the end of the session. The mean difference ± SD between the two groups was assessed using a student’s t-test. The correlation between the outcomes was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. Results: The competency performance score and clinical judgement scores were significantly higher in the interventional group than the control group, with a highly significant p-value of 0.000. In addition, the interventional group had a better perception of the pre-briefing experience than the control group, with a p-value of 0.000. However, there was no correlation between the C-CEI score and the students’ pre-briefing assessment questionnaire score. Conclusion: Structured pre-briefing using concept mapping significantly enhances medical students’ competency performance, clinical judgment, and perceptions of pre-briefing. It enables the learners to reflect on their previous experience and anticipate the plan of management more effectively.
{"title":"The Effect of a Structured Pre-Briefing Simulation Session on Medical Students’ Competency","authors":"Enas M. Darwish, Ahmed A. Jaradat, Namaa Ibrahim, Kanz W Ghalib, Sara Khonji, Ruel Gutierrez, Taysir Garadah","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1680","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The application of medical simulation as a teaching tool in medical education is mounting. Although pre-briefing is the introductory phase of the simulation process, its structure and role in medical education have not been well studied. \u0000Objective: To study the effect of a structured pre-briefing using concept mapping on medical students’ competency performance and clinical judgment. \u0000Methods: This study included 84 fifth-year medical students. Students were divided into two groups: the interventional group included 44 students who received structured pre-briefing (traditional pre-briefing plus concept mapping) and the control group of 40 who students received traditional pre-briefing. The students’ clinical competency was assessed using the Creighton Competency Evaluation Instrument (C-CEI) in addition to the pre-briefing assessment questionnaire filled out by the students at the end of the session. The mean difference ± SD between the two groups was assessed using a student’s t-test. The correlation between the outcomes was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. \u0000Results: The competency performance score and clinical judgement scores were significantly higher in the interventional group than the control group, with a highly significant p-value of 0.000. In addition, the interventional group had a better perception of the pre-briefing experience than the control group, with a p-value of 0.000. However, there was no correlation between the C-CEI score and the students’ pre-briefing assessment questionnaire score. \u0000Conclusion: Structured pre-briefing using concept mapping significantly enhances medical students’ competency performance, clinical judgment, and perceptions of pre-briefing. It enables the learners to reflect on their previous experience and anticipate the plan of management more effectively.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43316343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder linked to multiple genetic and environmental factors. Despite its complex pathology and still undetermined etiology, a number of factors have been found to be closely associated with the incidence of AD. Although the molecular mechanisms linking many of these factors with AD are unclear and not necessarily causative, their identification and control might be key preventative measures. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and other life-style habits are recognized as established risk factors for AD. Other emerging factors investigated as potential contributors to the overall risk of dementia include anemia, obstructive respiratory diseases, vitamin D deficiency, thyroid imbalance, inflammation and depression. This review summarizes established risk factors; it also provides an insight into emerging factors as modifiable elements, the control of which may reduce the risk of AD and dementia.
{"title":"Non-Genetic Risk Factors for Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"F. Bazzari, A. Bazzari","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1673","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder linked to multiple genetic and environmental factors. Despite its complex pathology and still undetermined etiology, a number of factors have been found to be closely associated with the incidence of AD. Although the molecular mechanisms linking many of these factors with AD are unclear and not necessarily causative, their identification and control might be key preventative measures. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and other life-style habits are recognized as established risk factors for AD. Other emerging factors investigated as potential contributors to the overall risk of dementia include anemia, obstructive respiratory diseases, vitamin D deficiency, thyroid imbalance, inflammation and depression. This review summarizes established risk factors; it also provides an insight into emerging factors as modifiable elements, the control of which may reduce the risk of AD and dementia.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48613349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SARS-CoV-2 virus caused a pandemic that started in 2020 and infections with the virus continue to the date of this review. Children have been infected by this virus, although with less severe clinical manifestations compared to adults. Children with underlying diseases, and obesity were more susceptible to severe disease. Pediatric infection with the virus resulted systemic manifestations in addition to pneumonia. In this article we review the mechanism of lung infections, clinical manifestations, ventilation abnormalities, diagnosis, and the role of imaging and the treatment options for COVID 19 pneumonia in children
{"title":"Pediatric COVID-19 Pneumonia","authors":"Muna M. Kilani, Amel Mryyian, Rand Dawoud","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1679","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2 virus caused a pandemic that started in 2020 and infections with the virus continue to the date of this review. Children have been infected by this virus, although with less severe clinical manifestations compared to adults. Children with underlying diseases, and obesity were more susceptible to severe disease. Pediatric infection with the virus resulted systemic manifestations in addition to pneumonia. In this article we review the mechanism of lung infections, clinical manifestations, ventilation abnormalities, diagnosis, and the role of imaging and the treatment options for COVID 19 pneumonia in children","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48108932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Closed reduction (CR) is a well-established method for treating developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Traditionally, the child is placed in a spica cast after DDH CR for three to four months and it is common practice to change the spica under general anesthesia after 6–8 weeks. To our knowledge, no previous studies have shown that changing the spica is necessary. We hypothesize that there is no need to change the spica and that it can be safely retained for three months without any significant complications. Methods: We used our department database to find all children who had DDH CR and a spica cast for a minimum of 90 days over a one-year period (March 2018 to March 2019) and who had at least a one year follow up after removal of the cast. We retrospectively reviewed the medical notes and radiographs, looking at complications that may be attributed to prolonged use of spica. Results: Thirty-nine patients (48 hips) met our criteria. None of the patients developed any cast-related complications during or after removal of the spica cast. No abdominal, joint or skin complications were reported throughout treatment. At one year follow up, there were no complications that could be attributed to using the spica for three months. Conclusion: Changing the spica every 6–8 weeks after DDH CR is of no benefit and exposes the infant to an unnecessary general anesthesia, with the risk of losing the hip reduction. We conclude that it is very safe to keep the spica cast on for three months without changing after DDH CR. We recommend changing practice to reflect our findings.
{"title":"Do We Need to Change Hip Spica Halfway Through Immobilization Following Closed Reduction for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip","authors":"S. Al-Naser, Anas Altamimi, M. Gharaibeh","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1676","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Closed reduction (CR) is a well-established method for treating developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Traditionally, the child is placed in a spica cast after DDH CR for three to four months and it is common practice to change the spica under general anesthesia after 6–8 weeks. To our knowledge, no previous studies have shown that changing the spica is necessary. We hypothesize that there is no need to change the spica and that it can be safely retained for three months without any significant complications. \u0000Methods: We used our department database to find all children who had DDH CR and a spica cast for a minimum of 90 days over a one-year period (March 2018 to March 2019) and who had at least a one year follow up after removal of the cast. We retrospectively reviewed the medical notes and radiographs, looking at complications that may be attributed to prolonged use of spica. \u0000Results: Thirty-nine patients (48 hips) met our criteria. None of the patients developed any cast-related complications during or after removal of the spica cast. No abdominal, joint or skin complications were reported throughout treatment. At one year follow up, there were no complications that could be attributed to using the spica for three months. \u0000Conclusion: Changing the spica every 6–8 weeks after DDH CR is of no benefit and exposes the infant to an unnecessary general anesthesia, with the risk of losing the hip reduction. We conclude that it is very safe to keep the spica cast on for three months without changing after DDH CR. We recommend changing practice to reflect our findings.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44709594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hussein, A. Venkiteswaran, M. Zaki, Muhamad Zin, Mohammed Al-Naser
Introduction: Understanding the patterns and reasons why children’s primary teeth are extracted is crucial to improve oral health outcomes among children. Objective: This retrospective study aimed to determine the patterns and reasons for primary teeth extraction in children attending a dental teaching clinic in Malaysia. Materials and methods: Between 2009 and 2019, dental records were screened by undergraduate students for patients aged under 16 years who had undergone primary tooth extraction. Data were collected on age, gender, indications and year of tooth extraction, as well as type of tooth extracted. Descriptive statistics and bivariate association analysis were performed. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 1,785 teeth were extracted. Females had more tooth extractions than males. Tooth extraction was common among the 7–9 years old group (47.2%). The most frequently extracted primary tooth was the first molar (29.1%), whereas the lateral incisor was the least (11.7%). Extraction due to dental caries was the main reason among all age groups (57.5%), followed by shedding time (38.1%). Statistical differences were found between patterns and reasons for tooth extraction and age groups (p< 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of the age and year of extraction (p> 0.05). Conclusions: First molars were the most frequently extracted teeth. Dental caries and its sequelae remain the foremost cause of dental extraction among this sample of Malaysian children. The development of appropriate oral health education programs on the importance of primary teeth, alongside early dental examination, are recommended to prevent tooth extraction.
{"title":"Patterns and Reasons for Extracted Primary Teeth in Children Attending a Pediatric Dental Teaching Clinic","authors":"A. Hussein, A. Venkiteswaran, M. Zaki, Muhamad Zin, Mohammed Al-Naser","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1674","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Understanding the patterns and reasons why children’s primary teeth are extracted is crucial to improve oral health outcomes among children. Objective: This retrospective study aimed to determine the patterns and reasons for primary teeth extraction in children attending a dental teaching clinic in Malaysia. Materials and methods: Between 2009 and 2019, dental records were screened by undergraduate students for patients aged under 16 years who had undergone primary tooth extraction. Data were collected on age, gender, indications and year of tooth extraction, as well as type of tooth extracted. Descriptive statistics and bivariate association analysis were performed. A p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 1,785 teeth were extracted. Females had more tooth extractions than males. Tooth extraction was common among the 7–9 years old group (47.2%). The most frequently extracted primary tooth was the first molar (29.1%), whereas the lateral incisor was the least (11.7%). Extraction due to dental caries was the main reason among all age groups (57.5%), followed by shedding time (38.1%). Statistical differences were found between patterns and reasons for tooth extraction and age groups (p< 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in terms of the age and year of extraction (p> 0.05). Conclusions: First molars were the most frequently extracted teeth. Dental caries and its sequelae remain the foremost cause of dental extraction among this sample of Malaysian children. The development of appropriate oral health education programs on the importance of primary teeth, alongside early dental examination, are recommended to prevent tooth extraction.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47854531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Aborajooh, Baraa Mafrachi, Muhammad A. Yassin, Lana Alhalaseh, Rami Dwairi, Nakhleh E. Abu- Yaghi, Yahya AL-Khazraji, M. Abufaraj
Background: Healthcare providers (HCPs) are frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are prone to increased risk of infection and psychological stress. Aims: To measure levels of knowledge, awareness, and stress about COVID-19 among HCPs. Methods: This cross-sectional study of 397 HCPs utilized an internet-based validated questionnaire to evaluate knowledge about COVID-19, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), future perceptions, and psychological distress. Univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate factors associated with the degree of knowledge and psychological stress. Results: Overall, 24.4% showed excellent knowledge, while 54.4% and 21.2% demonstrated good and poor knowledge, respectively. Social media (61.7%) and medical papers (57.7%) were the most commonly used sources of information. Being a female (β=0.521, 95% CI 0.049–0.992), a physician (β=1.421, 95% CI 0.849–1.992), or using published literature to gain knowledge (β=1.161, 95% CI 0.657–1.664) were positive predictors of higher knowledge levels, whereas having higher levels of stress (β= -0.854, 95% CI -1.488 to -0.221) and using social media (β= -0.434, 95% CI -0.865 to -0.003) to gain information were negative predictors of knowledge levels. The availability of PPE was significantly associated with lower psychological stress (p=.01). Conclusion: Institutions have to provide free evidence-based resources for HCPs about COVID-19, and PPE should be secured to reduce the amount of psychological stress associated with treating COVID-19 patients, as well as to improve their knowledge and the subsequent care provided
背景:在COVID-19大流行期间，医疗保健提供者(HCPs)是一线工作者。他们容易增加感染的风险和心理压力。目的:测量医务人员对COVID-19的知识、意识和压力水平。方法:对397名医护人员进行横断面研究，采用基于互联网的有效问卷，评估他们对COVID-19的了解、个人防护装备(PPE)的可用性、对未来的看法和心理困扰。采用单因素和多因素有序逻辑回归分析评估与知识程度和心理压力相关的因素。结果:总体而言，知识优秀者占24.4%，知识良者占54.4%，知识差者占21.2%。社交媒体(61.7%)和医学论文(57.7%)是最常用的信息来源。作为女性(β=0.521, 95% CI 0.049-0.992)，医生(β=1.421, 95% CI 0.849-1.992)，或使用已发表的文献获取知识(β=1.161, 95% CI 0.657-1.664)是知识水平较高的正预测因子，而压力水平较高(β= -0.854, 95% CI -1.488至-0.221)和使用社交媒体(β= -0.434, 95% CI -0.865至-0.003)获取信息是知识水平的负预测因子。PPE的可用性与较低的心理压力显著相关(p= 0.01)。结论:医疗机构必须为医护人员提供免费的COVID-19循证资源，并确保个人防护装备，以减少与治疗COVID-19患者相关的心理压力，并提高他们的知识和后续护理
{"title":"COVID-19 Knowledge, Awareness and Perceived Stress among Jordanian Healthcare Providers","authors":"E. Aborajooh, Baraa Mafrachi, Muhammad A. Yassin, Lana Alhalaseh, Rami Dwairi, Nakhleh E. Abu- Yaghi, Yahya AL-Khazraji, M. Abufaraj","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i3.1677","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Healthcare providers (HCPs) are frontline workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. They are prone to increased risk of infection and psychological stress. \u0000Aims: To measure levels of knowledge, awareness, and stress about COVID-19 among HCPs. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study of 397 HCPs utilized an internet-based validated questionnaire to evaluate knowledge about COVID-19, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), future perceptions, and psychological distress. Univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate factors associated with the degree of knowledge and psychological stress. \u0000Results: Overall, 24.4% showed excellent knowledge, while 54.4% and 21.2% demonstrated good and poor knowledge, respectively. Social media (61.7%) and medical papers (57.7%) were the most commonly used sources of information. Being a female (β=0.521, 95% CI 0.049–0.992), a physician (β=1.421, 95% CI 0.849–1.992), or using published literature to gain knowledge (β=1.161, 95% CI 0.657–1.664) were positive predictors of higher knowledge levels, whereas having higher levels of stress (β= -0.854, 95% CI -1.488 to -0.221) and using social media (β= -0.434, 95% CI -0.865 to -0.003) to gain information were negative predictors of knowledge levels. The availability of PPE was significantly associated with lower psychological stress (p=.01). \u0000Conclusion: Institutions have to provide free evidence-based resources for HCPs about COVID-19, and PPE should be secured to reduce the amount of psychological stress associated with treating COVID-19 patients, as well as to improve their knowledge and the subsequent care provided","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48187068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omar Alkhawaldeh, N. Shoqirat, Buthina Abu-Sheikh, E. Froelicher
Aim: This study evaluates the association between health-promoting lifestyles and diabetes knowledge with glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling and a structured interview questionnaire consisting of the following measures: demographic and clinical characteristics, Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II, diabetes knowledge questionnaire, and laboratory measurements. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The study included 248 participants recruited from four public hospitals. The results indicated a deficit in several aspects of diabetes knowledge and a suboptimal adoption of health-promoting lifestyles. The findings showed that 81.5% of the sample had non-optimal glycemic control as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Health-promoting lifestyles predicted optimal glycemic control, while insulin use was a statistically significant predictor for non-optimal glycemic control. Conclusion: Most participants did not have their diabetes controlled and their diabetes knowledge and health-promoting lifestyles were suboptimal. Health promotion education and strategies to enhance health-promoting lifestyles and diabetes management are essential to patients so that they become confident about managing their diabetes.
{"title":"Health-Promoting Lifestyles and Awareness of Diabetes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Jordan","authors":"Omar Alkhawaldeh, N. Shoqirat, Buthina Abu-Sheikh, E. Froelicher","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1355","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study evaluates the association between health-promoting lifestyles and diabetes knowledge with glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling and a structured interview questionnaire consisting of the following measures: demographic and clinical characteristics, Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II, diabetes knowledge questionnaire, and laboratory measurements. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. \u0000Results: The study included 248 participants recruited from four public hospitals. The results indicated a deficit in several aspects of diabetes knowledge and a suboptimal adoption of health-promoting lifestyles. The findings showed that 81.5% of the sample had non-optimal glycemic control as measured by glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level. Health-promoting lifestyles predicted optimal glycemic control, while insulin use was a statistically significant predictor for non-optimal glycemic control. \u0000Conclusion: Most participants did not have their diabetes controlled and their diabetes knowledge and health-promoting lifestyles were suboptimal. Health promotion education and strategies to enhance health-promoting lifestyles and diabetes management are essential to patients so that they become confident about managing their diabetes.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48081995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Jarrar, Dana Alnajjar, Q. Jarrar, Ra’ad Alaani, Sara J. Abaalkhail, W. Naser, Sara Abudahab, Su-Jun Lee
Introduction: Although males and females have the same prevalence of COVID-19, a variation in the severity of symptoms between males and females has been observed. We hypothesize that this variation can partly be explained by the effect of androgens on the infectious activity of the SARS-Cov2 virus. Aims: This study investigated the effect of sex and two androgenic drugs testosterone and oxandrolone on the mRNA expression of several SARS-Cov2 entry genes: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and cathepsin l (CatL) in mouse lungs. Methods: Twenty-eight BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; the first three groups (all male mice) were treated with the vehicle, testosterone, and oxandrolone, respectively, while the fourth group consisted of untreated female mice. The androgenic drugs were administered for 21 days in doses equivalent to the human one. Accordingly, the expressions of ACE2, TMPRESS2, and CatL genes were measured using real-time PCR assay. In addition, the histopathological alterations in the lungs and the levels of total serum testosterone were analyzed. Results: We found that the expression of ACE2 was significantly upregulated in the lungs of the testosterone-treated group by 2.5 times. The expression of TMPRSS2 was also significantly upregulated in the lungs of oxandrolone-treated mice by 6.6 times. Moreover, these molecular alterations were associated with a high elevation of the serum testosterone and the induction of inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, we found that the mRNA levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and CatL were significantly higher in the lungs of the female compared to male mice. Conclusion: We found several significant differences between the mRNA expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and CatL genes in the lungs of male and female mice. We showed how the administration of testosterone and oxandrolone to male mice upregulated the lungs’ mRNA expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, respectively. These results can expand our molecular understanding of the roles of sex and androgenic drugs on the expression of SARS-Cov2 entry genes.
{"title":"Effects of Sex and Androgenic Drugs on the Expression of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Receptor, Cathepsin l and Transmembrane Serine Protease in Mouse Lungs","authors":"Y. Jarrar, Dana Alnajjar, Q. Jarrar, Ra’ad Alaani, Sara J. Abaalkhail, W. Naser, Sara Abudahab, Su-Jun Lee","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1361","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although males and females have the same prevalence of COVID-19, a variation in the severity of symptoms between males and females has been observed. We hypothesize that this variation can partly be explained by the effect of androgens on the infectious activity of the SARS-Cov2 virus. \u0000Aims: This study investigated the effect of sex and two androgenic drugs testosterone and oxandrolone on the mRNA expression of several SARS-Cov2 entry genes: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2), and cathepsin l (CatL) in mouse lungs. \u0000Methods: Twenty-eight BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; the first three groups (all male mice) were treated with the vehicle, testosterone, and oxandrolone, respectively, while the fourth group consisted of untreated female mice. The androgenic drugs were administered for 21 days in doses equivalent to the human one. Accordingly, the expressions of ACE2, TMPRESS2, and CatL genes were measured using real-time PCR assay. In addition, the histopathological alterations in the lungs and the levels of total serum testosterone were analyzed. \u0000Results: We found that the expression of ACE2 was significantly upregulated in the lungs of the testosterone-treated group by 2.5 times. The expression of TMPRSS2 was also significantly upregulated in the lungs of oxandrolone-treated mice by 6.6 times. Moreover, these molecular alterations were associated with a high elevation of the serum testosterone and the induction of inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, we found that the mRNA levels of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and CatL were significantly higher in the lungs of the female compared to male mice. \u0000Conclusion: We found several significant differences between the mRNA expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and CatL genes in the lungs of male and female mice. We showed how the administration of testosterone and oxandrolone to male mice upregulated the lungs’ mRNA expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, respectively. These results can expand our molecular understanding of the roles of sex and androgenic drugs on the expression of SARS-Cov2 entry genes.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42898830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amani A. Alrehaili, Sarah Alshihri, Rahaf Althobaiti, Nojoud Alazizi, Amal Fathi Gharib, Maha Bakhuraysah, Hind A. Alzahrani, Hayaa M. Alhuthali
Background: The major obstacle to stem cell transplantation (SCT) therapy is finding a matching family donor. In Saudi Arabia, 60% of pediatrics and 30% of adult patients cannot find a matching donor in their family. Little evidence has been published worldwide to assess women’s acceptance of SCT, and so this research analyzed awareness of SCT and the acceptance and refusal rates for stem cell donation among Saudi females. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with females living in Saudi Arabia. Voluntary questionnaires of 20 multiple-choice questions consisting of demographics, knowledge, and acceptance and refusal rates for SCT and donation were randomly distributed across social media platforms. Results: A total of 474 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants showed low levels of basic knowledge regarding SCT: 20.9% gave the correct answer for stem cell sources, 27.6% were aware of SCT centers, and 36.9% were aware of the possible factors affecting the success of SCT. A low percentage (1.3%) of respondents were registered at the Saudi Stem Cell Donor Registry (SSCDR). The internet and social media, in particular, were the major sources of knowledge for half the participants. Interestingly, even though some participants expressed concerns, three-quarters stated their acceptance of SCT and donation, especially if there is a need. Conclusion: The females’ lack of knowledge about SCT and concerns about stem cell donation may contribute to the shortage of donor availability, suggesting a need to increase the level of awareness and motivation, particularly via health professionals.
{"title":"Acceptance and Refusal Rates for Stem Cell Transplantation and Donation among Saudi Females","authors":"Amani A. Alrehaili, Sarah Alshihri, Rahaf Althobaiti, Nojoud Alazizi, Amal Fathi Gharib, Maha Bakhuraysah, Hind A. Alzahrani, Hayaa M. Alhuthali","doi":"10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35516/jmj.v57i2.1362","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The major obstacle to stem cell transplantation (SCT) therapy is finding a matching family donor. In Saudi Arabia, 60% of pediatrics and 30% of adult patients cannot find a matching donor in their family. Little evidence has been published worldwide to assess women’s acceptance of SCT, and so this research analyzed awareness of SCT and the acceptance and refusal rates for stem cell donation among Saudi females. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with females living in Saudi Arabia. Voluntary questionnaires of 20 multiple-choice questions consisting of demographics, knowledge, and acceptance and refusal rates for SCT and donation were randomly distributed across social media platforms. \u0000Results: A total of 474 participants completed the questionnaire. Participants showed low levels of basic knowledge regarding SCT: 20.9% gave the correct answer for stem cell sources, 27.6% were aware of SCT centers, and 36.9% were aware of the possible factors affecting the success of SCT. A low percentage (1.3%) of respondents were registered at the Saudi Stem Cell Donor Registry (SSCDR). The internet and social media, in particular, were the major sources of knowledge for half the participants. Interestingly, even though some participants expressed concerns, three-quarters stated their acceptance of SCT and donation, especially if there is a need. \u0000Conclusion: The females’ lack of knowledge about SCT and concerns about stem cell donation may contribute to the shortage of donor availability, suggesting a need to increase the level of awareness and motivation, particularly via health professionals.","PeriodicalId":39681,"journal":{"name":"Jordan Medical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48963274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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