A perforated-ball velocity meter (PVM) has been developed for measuring all three components of water particle velocities at five different vertical locations simultaneously in regular, long crested as well as short crested free surface wave field in laboratory scale. The device measures the wave induced forces on a cantilevered ball-tube assembly. The wave kinematics is computed from these forces by solution of an inverse problem given by the Morison equation. The drag and inertia coefficients of both the ball and the tube are experimentally determined and the forces on both the ball and the tube are used in the inverse Morison problem. Measurements in wave flume and wave basin have been conducted using the multistage PVM and the measured kinematics has been successfully compared with theory using wave elevation measurements. The device can be used to measure current speed as well as wave kinematics in a wave-cum-current field.
{"title":"A perforated-ball velocity meter for underwater kinematics measurement in waves and current","authors":"V. Mathew, V. G. Idichandy, S. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852546","url":null,"abstract":"A perforated-ball velocity meter (PVM) has been developed for measuring all three components of water particle velocities at five different vertical locations simultaneously in regular, long crested as well as short crested free surface wave field in laboratory scale. The device measures the wave induced forces on a cantilevered ball-tube assembly. The wave kinematics is computed from these forces by solution of an inverse problem given by the Morison equation. The drag and inertia coefficients of both the ball and the tube are experimentally determined and the forces on both the ball and the tube are used in the inverse Morison problem. Measurements in wave flume and wave basin have been conducted using the multistage PVM and the measured kinematics has been successfully compared with theory using wave elevation measurements. The device can be used to measure current speed as well as wave kinematics in a wave-cum-current field.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131892051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work is devoted to the computer study of common chemical features of the natural chemical substance population of several hundred natural neuropeptides and some related substances, in particular specific chemical groups and the interaction of these ligands with sensor structures under underwater conditions. The amino acid residue content of neuropeptides is analyzed. A new method for grouping endogenous oligopeptides into structural families is suggested. Compared to proteins, it is shown that the oligopeptides contain a greater number of positively charged and cyclic radicals. We study the spatial configuration of these molecules, which could give insight into the common features of the mutual arrangement of functionally important radicals in molecules with similar functional properties. Several hundred conformations were found for each molecule. The comparison of their potential energy and distances between fixed chemical radicals permitted to find such structures, which were responsible for the interaction with receptors or biosensors, and to describe the structure-function relationship that was agree with biological experimental data.
{"title":"Computer biochemistry and molecular technology of the underwater biosensor creation: study of the natural chemical substance population","authors":"A. Zamyatnin","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852586","url":null,"abstract":"This work is devoted to the computer study of common chemical features of the natural chemical substance population of several hundred natural neuropeptides and some related substances, in particular specific chemical groups and the interaction of these ligands with sensor structures under underwater conditions. The amino acid residue content of neuropeptides is analyzed. A new method for grouping endogenous oligopeptides into structural families is suggested. Compared to proteins, it is shown that the oligopeptides contain a greater number of positively charged and cyclic radicals. We study the spatial configuration of these molecules, which could give insight into the common features of the mutual arrangement of functionally important radicals in molecules with similar functional properties. Several hundred conformations were found for each molecule. The comparison of their potential energy and distances between fixed chemical radicals permitted to find such structures, which were responsible for the interaction with receptors or biosensors, and to describe the structure-function relationship that was agree with biological experimental data.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130293702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computational cost has inhibited the extensive use of dynamic simulations of tethered systems in the early phases of design, preventing application of the tool to assist in making rational system architecture decisions. A method is proposed for greatly reducing the computational requirements through the application of system identification techniques to generate simpler ordinary differential equations which still capture the nonlinear effects of interest. A single degree of freedom example is used to illustrate the method.
{"title":"A system identification method for simplifying dynamics equations of motion for remotely operated vehicles and towed systems","authors":"K. A'Hearn, R. Coppolino","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852602","url":null,"abstract":"Computational cost has inhibited the extensive use of dynamic simulations of tethered systems in the early phases of design, preventing application of the tool to assist in making rational system architecture decisions. A method is proposed for greatly reducing the computational requirements through the application of system identification techniques to generate simpler ordinary differential equations which still capture the nonlinear effects of interest. A single degree of freedom example is used to illustrate the method.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131002911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Large amounts of data of varying types are collected during shipwreck search operations. Several geographic information system (GIS) packages (including ArcInfo, ArcView, and their extensions) were used to quickly and efficiently view, overlay, query, analyze, and interpret these data during a search for wreckage from the Battle of Midway. GIS software, ArcView Tracking and 3-D Analyst, were used during this survey to evaluate the potential of using GIS real-time and in a 3-D environment during underwater operations. In September 1999, ship time became available in conjunction with another survey to verify the backscatter imagery of the potentially man made objects found on a May 1999 survey. A high-resolution sonar towfish equipped with optical sensors was used. During the search operation, real-time navigation was displayed over data incorporated into the GIS from the May survey and newly acquired data. Using GIS increased the efficiency of the decision-making process, which was essential to ensure a successful short duration operation (less than 5 days). By using GIS in the decision-making process, all potential target sites were verified. A section of the superstructure of a ship and other shipwreck debris were found in one of the potential sites. The other sites were geological.
{"title":"Using GIS to aid in the search for underwater wrecks","authors":"B. Rumish, C. Ingram, R. White, D. Joseph","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852511","url":null,"abstract":"Large amounts of data of varying types are collected during shipwreck search operations. Several geographic information system (GIS) packages (including ArcInfo, ArcView, and their extensions) were used to quickly and efficiently view, overlay, query, analyze, and interpret these data during a search for wreckage from the Battle of Midway. GIS software, ArcView Tracking and 3-D Analyst, were used during this survey to evaluate the potential of using GIS real-time and in a 3-D environment during underwater operations. In September 1999, ship time became available in conjunction with another survey to verify the backscatter imagery of the potentially man made objects found on a May 1999 survey. A high-resolution sonar towfish equipped with optical sensors was used. During the search operation, real-time navigation was displayed over data incorporated into the GIS from the May survey and newly acquired data. Using GIS increased the efficiency of the decision-making process, which was essential to ensure a successful short duration operation (less than 5 days). By using GIS in the decision-making process, all potential target sites were verified. A section of the superstructure of a ship and other shipwreck debris were found in one of the potential sites. The other sites were geological.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114640034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The propagation of underwater sound is affected due to multi-path, reverberation and inhomogeneity. In addition, the random process and time varying characteristics of the underwater signal lead to the difficulty in using an effective mathematics model to simulate the system. Hence, a structure of fuzzy logic system optimized by genetic algorithms was developed for the task of recognition of underwater acoustic signal in real time. The fuzzy logic algorithm was used for defining the linguistic variables of the feature. Based on these variables the membership function of the fuzzy rule was defined. In order to improve the recognition rate, a genetic algorithms was developed in the proposed system frame; this genetic algorithm was used in system training phase for the purpose of adapting the membership functions of the inference rules. The simulation results have demonstrated the effective performance of the proposed system.
{"title":"Applying genetic algorithms on fuzzy logic system for underwater acoustic signal recognition","authors":"Chu-Kuei Tu, Tseng-Hsien Lin","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852579","url":null,"abstract":"The propagation of underwater sound is affected due to multi-path, reverberation and inhomogeneity. In addition, the random process and time varying characteristics of the underwater signal lead to the difficulty in using an effective mathematics model to simulate the system. Hence, a structure of fuzzy logic system optimized by genetic algorithms was developed for the task of recognition of underwater acoustic signal in real time. The fuzzy logic algorithm was used for defining the linguistic variables of the feature. Based on these variables the membership function of the fuzzy rule was defined. In order to improve the recognition rate, a genetic algorithms was developed in the proposed system frame; this genetic algorithm was used in system training phase for the purpose of adapting the membership functions of the inference rules. The simulation results have demonstrated the effective performance of the proposed system.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128279790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report efforts to merge data from the complementary modalities of optical and acoustic sensing for obtaining more accurate representations of the seafloor. We show that the principal obstacles to merging the acoustic and optical imaging modalities are the distortions inherent to each modality. The construction of geometrically accurate photomosaics is dominated by incremental errors arising as individual images are scaled and warped to form the photomosaic. For microbathymetric mapping, principal errors arise from sensor position and orientation calibration parameters that affect our ability to construct maps from sonar data that are commensurate with sensor and navigation resolution. We show that photomosaics can be combined with microbathymetry through simple, locally defined, finite element warps. An error analysis quantitatively evaluating photomosaic geometric distortions is reported. This technique is shown to be successful in providing opto-acoustic high resolution three dimensional perspectives of large areas of unstructured seafloor features. These issues are evaluated with a combined optical and acoustic survey data set obtained from a 675 kHz pencil-beam sonar and electronic still camera survey of a 4th century B.C. Roman shipwreck. This survey was conducted by the authors with the Jason ROV in the Mediterranean Sea in 800 meters of water depth.
{"title":"Advances in fusion of high resolution underwater optical and acoustic data","authors":"H. Singh, C. Roman, L. Whitcomb, D. Yoerger","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852544","url":null,"abstract":"We report efforts to merge data from the complementary modalities of optical and acoustic sensing for obtaining more accurate representations of the seafloor. We show that the principal obstacles to merging the acoustic and optical imaging modalities are the distortions inherent to each modality. The construction of geometrically accurate photomosaics is dominated by incremental errors arising as individual images are scaled and warped to form the photomosaic. For microbathymetric mapping, principal errors arise from sensor position and orientation calibration parameters that affect our ability to construct maps from sonar data that are commensurate with sensor and navigation resolution. We show that photomosaics can be combined with microbathymetry through simple, locally defined, finite element warps. An error analysis quantitatively evaluating photomosaic geometric distortions is reported. This technique is shown to be successful in providing opto-acoustic high resolution three dimensional perspectives of large areas of unstructured seafloor features. These issues are evaluated with a combined optical and acoustic survey data set obtained from a 675 kHz pencil-beam sonar and electronic still camera survey of a 4th century B.C. Roman shipwreck. This survey was conducted by the authors with the Jason ROV in the Mediterranean Sea in 800 meters of water depth.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122130427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Korochentsev, A. N. Rozenbaum, A. I. Deshner, B.V. Okhota, V. Kartashov
The paper suggests an approach to solving the problem of navigation of an underwater vehicle using acoustic and geometric data and gravitation field potential changing in time. The known methods of making seafloor acoustic maps are not effective for correction of coordinates in areas of smooth relief and in shallow water. The suggested algorithm allows maps to be made using acoustic sectional views of the seafloor layers. The different areas of seafloor have acoustic layers of various geometric form. Using the information about gravitation field changing in time, one can considerably increase the probability of a correct forecast of an underwater vehicle coordinates.
{"title":"Navigation of underwater autonomous vehicles","authors":"V. Korochentsev, A. N. Rozenbaum, A. I. Deshner, B.V. Okhota, V. Kartashov","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852536","url":null,"abstract":"The paper suggests an approach to solving the problem of navigation of an underwater vehicle using acoustic and geometric data and gravitation field potential changing in time. The known methods of making seafloor acoustic maps are not effective for correction of coordinates in areas of smooth relief and in shallow water. The suggested algorithm allows maps to be made using acoustic sectional views of the seafloor layers. The different areas of seafloor have acoustic layers of various geometric form. Using the information about gravitation field changing in time, one can considerably increase the probability of a correct forecast of an underwater vehicle coordinates.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125841134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Second District Construction Bureau, Ministry of Transport, Japan plans to construct a new type of breakwater at the mouth of Kuji bay in northeastern Japan. This breakwater is designed economically in consideration of wave force depressing along 45 degree sloping top. The effect of the large sloping top is to reduce the total cost about 20 percent against the cost of a normal breakwater. The new breakwater caisson will be constructed.
{"title":"Design and field test of a new economical breakwater","authors":"D. Kozawa, S. Nakamura","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852562","url":null,"abstract":"The Second District Construction Bureau, Ministry of Transport, Japan plans to construct a new type of breakwater at the mouth of Kuji bay in northeastern Japan. This breakwater is designed economically in consideration of wave force depressing along 45 degree sloping top. The effect of the large sloping top is to reduce the total cost about 20 percent against the cost of a normal breakwater. The new breakwater caisson will be constructed.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124218986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this project was to obtain hydrodynamic derivative measurements from sea trials using an underwater vehicle which is a half-scale model of the PAP-104 mine countermeasures UUV. Trials data were collected for a series of manoeuvres which were then reconstructed to give the required vehicle state estimates. This reconstruction was carried out using an extended Kalman filter. Hydrodynamic derivative estimates were then generated by a stepwise regression algorithm, which took the reconstructed vehicle state and measured vehicle forces as input. Traditionally, these types of hydrodynamic measurements are made using a planar motion mechanism (PMM). Ideally system identification (SI) techniques would provide a more practical alternative, as the UUV need only be driven in a predefined way and the SI techniques applied in order to obtain current hydrodynamic measurements. SI techniques also give measurements based on the overall response of the vehicle and umbilical, which is not the case with PMM measurements.
{"title":"System identification of underwater vehicles","authors":"Javier Pereira, Alec Duncan","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852581","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this project was to obtain hydrodynamic derivative measurements from sea trials using an underwater vehicle which is a half-scale model of the PAP-104 mine countermeasures UUV. Trials data were collected for a series of manoeuvres which were then reconstructed to give the required vehicle state estimates. This reconstruction was carried out using an extended Kalman filter. Hydrodynamic derivative estimates were then generated by a stepwise regression algorithm, which took the reconstructed vehicle state and measured vehicle forces as input. Traditionally, these types of hydrodynamic measurements are made using a planar motion mechanism (PMM). Ideally system identification (SI) techniques would provide a more practical alternative, as the UUV need only be driven in a predefined way and the SI techniques applied in order to obtain current hydrodynamic measurements. SI techniques also give measurements based on the overall response of the vehicle and umbilical, which is not the case with PMM measurements.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132603593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In situ sea bottom gamma ray has been measured using manned submersibles "Shinkai2000", "Shinkai6500" and the Dolphin-3K rover. The "real-time long-term deep-sea floor observatory" with gamma ray sensor is under final test before installation on the bottom of Sagami Bay, in depth about 1200 meters. These systems utilize NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometers of 3 inch in diameter. Three systems that are equipped on manned and unmanned submersibles are operational and a great number of measurements have been carried out around the Japanese islands, North Pacific Ocean, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean and Hawaii island. The paper describes the specifications of four systems, the purpose and example of results of measurements.
{"title":"Sea bottom gamma ray measurement by NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometers installed on manned submersibles, ROV and sea bottom long term observatory","authors":"M. Hattori, M. Okano, O. Togawa","doi":"10.1109/UT.2000.852545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/UT.2000.852545","url":null,"abstract":"In situ sea bottom gamma ray has been measured using manned submersibles \"Shinkai2000\", \"Shinkai6500\" and the Dolphin-3K rover. The \"real-time long-term deep-sea floor observatory\" with gamma ray sensor is under final test before installation on the bottom of Sagami Bay, in depth about 1200 meters. These systems utilize NaI(Tl) scintillation spectrometers of 3 inch in diameter. Three systems that are equipped on manned and unmanned submersibles are operational and a great number of measurements have been carried out around the Japanese islands, North Pacific Ocean, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean and Hawaii island. The paper describes the specifications of four systems, the purpose and example of results of measurements.","PeriodicalId":397110,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Underwater Technology (Cat. No.00EX418)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115933757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：