Before becoming a cartographer, I made 3D graphics and animations. My favorite projects were those where I had to achieve my goals by using the tools available to me in ways that were very different from their intended purpose. As a cartographer, I’ve continued borrowing and “misusing” tools from computer graphics, especially the normal map. The more I use normal maps in cartography, the more I feel that they should be considered a common tool in both cartographic representation and GIS analyses. Unfortunately, up until recently there has been little mention of them in cartographic communities or scientific literature. I’d like to help popularize their misuse. Readers may already be familiar with the aspect-slope map (Figure 1), which represents surface orientation using two angular measurements. A normal map is the linear coordinate version of an aspect-slope map; it represents surface orientation using a type of 3D vector called a surface normal.
{"title":"Normalizing the Normal Map","authors":"Charles A. Preppernau","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1669","url":null,"abstract":"Before becoming a cartographer, I made 3D graphics and animations. My favorite projects were those where I had to achieve my goals by using the tools available to me in ways that were very different from their intended purpose. As a cartographer, I’ve continued borrowing and “misusing” tools from computer graphics, especially the normal map. The more I use normal maps in cartography, the more I feel that they should be considered a common tool in both cartographic representation and GIS analyses. Unfortunately, up until recently there has been little mention of them in cartographic communities or scientific literature. I’d like to help popularize their misuse. Readers may already be familiar with the aspect-slope map (Figure 1), which represents surface orientation using two angular measurements. A normal map is the linear coordinate version of an aspect-slope map; it represents surface orientation using a type of 3D vector called a surface normal.","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49029720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Rodrigo de Freitas Apolinário, Breno Bernard Nicolau de França
The microservice architecture is claimed to satisfy ongoing software development demands, such as resilience, flexibility, and velocity. However, developing applications based on microservices also brings some drawbacks, such as the increased software operational complexity. Recent studies have also pointed out the lack of methods to prevent problems related to the maintainability of these solutions. Disregarding established design principles during the software evolution may lead to the so-called architectural erosion, which can end up in a condition of unfeasible maintenance. As microservices can be considered a new architecture style, there are few initiatives to monitoring the evolution of software microservice-based architectures. In this paper, we introduce the SYMBIOTE method for monitoring the coupling evolution of microservice-based systems. More specifically, this method collects coupling metrics during runtime (staging or production environments) and monitors them throughout software evolution. The longitudinal analysis of the collected measures allows detecting an upward trend in coupling metrics that could be signs of architectural erosion. To develop the proposed method, we performed an experimental analysis of the coupling metrics behavior using artificially-generated data.
{"title":"Towards a method for monitoring the coupling evolution of microservice-based architectures","authors":"Daniel Rodrigo de Freitas Apolinário, Breno Bernard Nicolau de França","doi":"10.1145/3425269.3425273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3425269.3425273","url":null,"abstract":"The microservice architecture is claimed to satisfy ongoing software development demands, such as resilience, flexibility, and velocity. However, developing applications based on microservices also brings some drawbacks, such as the increased software operational complexity. Recent studies have also pointed out the lack of methods to prevent problems related to the maintainability of these solutions. Disregarding established design principles during the software evolution may lead to the so-called architectural erosion, which can end up in a condition of unfeasible maintenance. As microservices can be considered a new architecture style, there are few initiatives to monitoring the evolution of software microservice-based architectures. In this paper, we introduce the SYMBIOTE method for monitoring the coupling evolution of microservice-based systems. More specifically, this method collects coupling metrics during runtime (staging or production environments) and monitors them throughout software evolution. The longitudinal analysis of the collected measures allows detecting an upward trend in coupling metrics that could be signs of architectural erosion. To develop the proposed method, we performed an experimental analysis of the coupling metrics behavior using artificially-generated data.","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1145/3425269.3425273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64034156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On May 4th, 1970, in Kent, Ohio, the Ohio National Guard shot student protesters at Kent State University, killing four and wounding nine. It was a turning point in the history of the Vietnam War and underscored the importance of freedom of speech and the right to protest. Even 50 years later, debates continue regarding exactly what happened and who was to blame, as a divide remains between those who feel the shooting was unwarranted and others who think the protesters brought the violence onto themselves. Particularly in northeast Ohio, encouraging engagement with varied viewpoints is essential to promoting reconciliation.
{"title":"Sharing Stories of Tragedy: Mapping Narratives of the Kent State Shooting","authors":"Jennifer Mapes, S. Koopman","doi":"10.14714/CP96.1665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/CP96.1665","url":null,"abstract":"On May 4th, 1970, in Kent, Ohio, the Ohio National Guard shot student protesters at Kent State University, killing four and wounding nine. It was a turning point in the history of the Vietnam War and underscored the importance of freedom of speech and the right to protest. Even 50 years later, debates continue regarding exactly what happened and who was to blame, as a divide remains between those who feel the shooting was unwarranted and others who think the protesters brought the violence onto themselves. Particularly in northeast Ohio, encouraging engagement with varied viewpoints is essential to promoting reconciliation.","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43013485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-07DOI: 10.1186/s13173-020-00103-5
Emanuel F. Coutinho, Carla I. M. Bezerra
{"title":"A study on dynamic aspects variability in the SOLAR educational software ecosystem","authors":"Emanuel F. Coutinho, Carla I. M. Bezerra","doi":"10.1186/s13173-020-00103-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13173-020-00103-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78204852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Why North Is Up: Map Conventions and Where They Came From","authors":"Sarah H. Kelly","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1663","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49081125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Connections and Content: Reflections on Networks and the History of Cartography","authors":"M. Wood","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1661","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47280705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-27DOI: 10.1186/s13173-020-00102-6
Julliana Caroline Goncalves de A. S. Marques, Tuany Mariah Lima Do Nascimento, Brenda Vasiljevic, Laura Emmanuella Alves dos Santos Santana, Márjory Da Costa-Abreu
New security systems, methods or techniques need to have their performance evaluated in conditions that closely resemble a real-life situation. The effectiveness with which individual identity can be predicted in different scenarios can benefit from seeking a broad base of identity evidence. Many approaches to the implementation of biometric-based identification systems are possible, and different configurations are likely to generate significantly different operational characteristics. The choice of implementational structure is, therefore, very dependent on the performance criteria, which is most important in any particular task scenario. The issue of improving performance can be addressed in many ways, but system configurations based on integrating different information sources are widely adopted in order to achieve this. Thus, understanding how each data information can influence performance is very important. The use of similar modalities may imply that we can use the same features. However, there is no indication that very similar (such as keyboard and touch keystroke dynamics, for example) basic biometrics will perform well using the same set of features. In this paper, we will evaluate the merits of using a three-modal hand-based biometric database for user prediction focusing on feature selection as the main investigation point. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first thought-out analysis of a database with three modalities that were collected from the same users, containing keyboard keystroke, touch keystroke and handwritten signature. First, we will investigate how the keystroke modalities perform, and then, we will add the signature in order to understand if there is any improvement in the results. We have used a wide range of techniques for feature selection that includes filters and wrappers (genetic algorithms), and we have validated our findings using a clustering technique.
{"title":"An investigation of the predictability of the Brazilian three-modal hand-based behavioural biometric: a feature selection and feature-fusion approach","authors":"Julliana Caroline Goncalves de A. S. Marques, Tuany Mariah Lima Do Nascimento, Brenda Vasiljevic, Laura Emmanuella Alves dos Santos Santana, Márjory Da Costa-Abreu","doi":"10.1186/s13173-020-00102-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13173-020-00102-6","url":null,"abstract":"New security systems, methods or techniques need to have their performance evaluated in conditions that closely resemble a real-life situation. The effectiveness with which individual identity can be predicted in different scenarios can benefit from seeking a broad base of identity evidence. Many approaches to the implementation of biometric-based identification systems are possible, and different configurations are likely to generate significantly different operational characteristics. The choice of implementational structure is, therefore, very dependent on the performance criteria, which is most important in any particular task scenario. The issue of improving performance can be addressed in many ways, but system configurations based on integrating different information sources are widely adopted in order to achieve this. Thus, understanding how each data information can influence performance is very important. The use of similar modalities may imply that we can use the same features. However, there is no indication that very similar (such as keyboard and touch keystroke dynamics, for example) basic biometrics will perform well using the same set of features. In this paper, we will evaluate the merits of using a three-modal hand-based biometric database for user prediction focusing on feature selection as the main investigation point. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first thought-out analysis of a database with three modalities that were collected from the same users, containing keyboard keystroke, touch keystroke and handwritten signature. First, we will investigate how the keystroke modalities perform, and then, we will add the signature in order to understand if there is any improvement in the results. We have used a wide range of techniques for feature selection that includes filters and wrappers (genetic algorithms), and we have validated our findings using a clustering technique.","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138514953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Talking Maps","authors":"Rhiannon P. Jakopak","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46767251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of A Critical Companion to English Mappae Mundi of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries","authors":"Gillian Bailey","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41355780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of The Selden Map of China: A New Understanding of the Ming Dynasty","authors":"G. Humphress","doi":"10.14714/cp96.1649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14714/cp96.1649","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39760,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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