Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2022.2117922
Simon Grote
ABSTRACT Broadly defined as adherence to teachings of Christian Wolff (1679–1754), Wolffianism characterized much of the mainstream of German academic philosophy for at least half the eighteenth century. German Pietism, by contrast, defined in its narrowest sense as a late-seventeenth- and eighteenth-century movement for the renewal of the Lutheran Churches of the Holy Roman Empire, has long figured in the history of German “Enlightenment” philosophy as Wolffianism’s anti-philosophical, religious foil. The conventional portrait of Wolffianism and Pietism as antithetical to one another, which has long structured the historiography of eighteenth-century German philosophy, is by no means implausible, but it has been undermined over the past several decades by a significant and growing body of new research. This essay offers a panoramic survey and critical assessment of the state of the field.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2260110
Ann Thomson
{"title":"A Commerce of knowledge and The Republic of Arabic Letters <b>A commerce of knowledge: trade, religion, and scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, 1600-1760</b> , by Simon Mills. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2020, 332 pp., £84(hb), ISBN 9780198840336 <b>The republic of Arabic letters: Islam and the European Enlightenment</b> , by Alexander Bevilacqua. Cambridge, MA, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2020, 340 pp., $24(pb), ISBN 9780674244870","authors":"Ann Thomson","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2260110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2260110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135385344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2258603
Julie Candler Hayes
{"title":"Louise Dupin’s work on women: selections <b>Louise Dupin’s work on women: selections</b> , edited and translated by Angela Hunter and Rebecca Wilkin. Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press, 2023, 296 pp., £64.00(hb), 978-0-19-009009-8","authors":"Julie Candler Hayes","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2258603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2258603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-18DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2245290
Francesca Antonini
ABSTRACTThe aim of this paper is to briefly reconstruct Robert Michels’s account of the issue of political leadership as it developed in the last phase of his work, between the mid-1920s and the mid-1930s. By focusing on a series of more-or-less neglected writings (from Sozialismus und Fascismus to Studi sulla democrazia e sull’autorità, passing through the Corso di sociologia politica and Italien von heute), I will show how his “new theory of the élite” develops and how it is connected to the so-called “charismatic direction of public affairs” that is Michels’s late reflection on the role and the nature of the political leader. In doing this, I will highlight the triple root of his conception of charismatic leadership (in short: the Weberian theoretical framework; the psychological aspect of hero-worship; fascist ideology) as well as the essential combination of history and theory that characterises his thinking.KEYWORDS: Robert Michelsleadershipcharismafascismélite AcknowledgementsThis article is part of a broader research of mine on Caesarism and political leadership. A first version of the text was presented at the Kolloquium of the Lichtenberg Kolleg (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) in January 2021; I thank all the participants for their insightful comments. Thanks also to the anonymous referees of the journal and to Prof. Thomas Ahnert for their suggestions on how to improve the text.Notes1 A signal in this sense is represented by the reprints of more than one of Michels’s numerous works, for a long time only available in their original version. See Michels, Corso; Michels, Der Patriotismus. It is also noteworthy to recall the monumental intellectual biography by Timm Genett (Der Fremde im Kriege). Among the most recent journal articles in English on Michels, see Lavenia, “Rethinking Robert Michels”; Drochon, “Robert Michels”; Piano, “Revisiting Democratic Elitism”. See also the latest monograph by Andrew Bonnell, Robert Michels, Socialism and Modernity.2 Between the 1970s and the 1990s, there has been much discussion on the question of the meaning of Michels’s support of the fascist regime. If e.g. Beetham (“From Socialism to Fascism”) sustained the thesis of the necessary outcome of the elitism into fascism, other scholars argued in favour of Michels’s autonomy towards the regime (and even perhaps Michels’s opposition against it; on this point, see e.g. Sivini, Introduzione). For a survey on the different positions, see Tuccari, Dilemmi della democrazia moderna, 309ff.; Genett, Der Fremde im Kriege, 722ff.3 As is known, Michels was a very prolific writer and his bibliography is very extensive (see Opere di Roberto Michels). Given the incredibly large number of his publications, the present contribution will necessarily focus only on a selection of them (albeit very significant, I would argue). In the next pages, with the exception of the quotations already in English in §§ 3, 6 and from the English edition of Michels, Soziologie (Poli
36魅力领袖的这一方面的特征是从莫斯卡开始发展的，他的政治科学元素被明确地提到(然而，也见米拉波的参考资料)法语和意大利语的其他版本有:米歇尔的《Les partis politiques》;米歇尔斯，《政治党派分类》(意大利文版节录)，第38页在这种情况下，文本并没有以引用开始(尽管修改了，就像在Corso中发生的那样，在其他地方也会发生)，而是米歇尔斯对韦伯文本的释义(参考已经提到的德语第二版《经济与社会》)。然而，韦伯的分析并不是灵感的唯一因素:从文本和注释中可以清楚地看出，这篇关于政党的论文也受到米歇尔斯其他作品的影响，特别是Bedeutende Männer(特别是关于Bebel的那一章)，也受到《反资本主义心理学》一书中对群众心理的新的更深入的反思的影响，这一著作发表在1926年的《政治经济学纲要Sozialökonomik》杂志上。法语版本包含了一个小而有趣的变体，由米歇尔斯后来添加的注释(注释4bis)组成，并参考了韦伯对魅力的词源定义。41米歇尔斯，Corso, 122, 129, 127.42。参考文献是1925年版的《Wirtschaft und gesellschaft》。43本段引文摘自米歇尔斯，Italien von heute, 266ff.44值得注意的是，所引用的文本来源不同，方向不同(所提到的作品是G. Volpe, M. Sarfatti, Don Sturzo, E. Rocca, F. Hackett和Arturo Labriola);米歇尔的《Corso》也被提到了，它以事实为导向的政治(而不是抽象和笼统的)特征清晰地显现出来例如，在1928年题为“大众心理学，精神分析和精神分析”的文本中，也可以找到对精神分析的明确参考这本书重新出版了属于迈克尔斯生产的不同时期的文本。我引用的关于权威的那一章(Michels, Studi, 69-78)重复了Michels在1931年为《社会科学百科全书》所写的“权威”条目。47这里再次唤起了卡莱尔和他的“指挥官”。48 .也有一处参考卷Tarde，《摹仿法》“劳动裁判法院”是法西斯政权在1927年“劳动宪章”框架内设立的一个司法机关，该宪章主要体现了法西斯主义的社会和经济政策(其作用是管理集体劳资纠纷)关于极权主义的问题以及这一范畴在二十世纪早期意大利的意义，请参见彼得森的《国家极权主义》。作者简介francesca Antonini，意大利威尼斯Ca’Foscari大学政治思想史助理教授。此前，她曾在Georg-August-Universität Göttingen(德国)、École里昂supsamrieure Normale(法国)、Luigi Einaudi基金会(意大利都灵)担任研究职位。她的研究兴趣是思想史、政治思想史、意大利和欧洲近代史。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2254008
Paul Babinski
"Useful enemies: Islam and the Ottoman Empire in Western political thought 1450–1750." Intellectual History Review, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print), pp. 1–2
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Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2253583
Charles F. Briggs
This essay reviews three recently published books on the intellectual history of the Italian Renaissance. In his survey of Italian humanism in the “long fifteenth century” (c. 1350–c. 1525) The Intellectual World of the Italian Renaissance, Christopher Celenza argues that the intellectual project of the humanists was centred on questions regarding language, philosophy, and the stance of the intellectual toward institutions. Celenza traces the fortunes and mutations of the humanist project into the modern era in The Italian Renaissance and the Origins of the Humanities, and expresses concern that in today's universities the balance struck by the humanists between “openness” and “boundary-generating habits” unduly favours the latter. Humanism, according to James Hankins's Virtue Politics, was primarily about repairing politics by first reforming the moral character of Italy's ruling elites. The language and literature of Roman and Greek antiquity provided the models for this education in virtue. Hankins believes the humanists' educational and cultural programme offers a salutary corrective to our misplaced, post-Machiavellian trust in legal constraints and constitutional guardrails to regulate contemporary political life.
{"title":"Foxes into hedgehogs: Celenza and Hankins on Renaissance humanism","authors":"Charles F. Briggs","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2253583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2253583","url":null,"abstract":"This essay reviews three recently published books on the intellectual history of the Italian Renaissance. In his survey of Italian humanism in the “long fifteenth century” (c. 1350–c. 1525) The Intellectual World of the Italian Renaissance, Christopher Celenza argues that the intellectual project of the humanists was centred on questions regarding language, philosophy, and the stance of the intellectual toward institutions. Celenza traces the fortunes and mutations of the humanist project into the modern era in The Italian Renaissance and the Origins of the Humanities, and expresses concern that in today's universities the balance struck by the humanists between “openness” and “boundary-generating habits” unduly favours the latter. Humanism, according to James Hankins's Virtue Politics, was primarily about repairing politics by first reforming the moral character of Italy's ruling elites. The language and literature of Roman and Greek antiquity provided the models for this education in virtue. Hankins believes the humanists' educational and cultural programme offers a salutary corrective to our misplaced, post-Machiavellian trust in legal constraints and constitutional guardrails to regulate contemporary political life.","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"28 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2253022
B.V.E. Hyde
{"title":"The rise of modern Chinese thought","authors":"B.V.E. Hyde","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2253022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2253022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2250666
Rebecca Anne Barr
{"title":"Uncivil Mirth: Ridicule in Enlightenment Britain","authors":"Rebecca Anne Barr","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2250666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2250666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135983779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2252655
James A. Harris
{"title":"The religious innatism debate in early modern Britain: intellectual change beyond Locke","authors":"James A. Harris","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2252655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2252655","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.1080/17496977.2023.2249224
John De Lucca
{"title":"Against the backdrop of sovereignty and absolutism. The theology of God’s power and its bearing on the western legal tradition, 1100–1600","authors":"John De Lucca","doi":"10.1080/17496977.2023.2249224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17496977.2023.2249224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39827,"journal":{"name":"Intellectual History Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49160512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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