Plant macrofossils from the upper middle Miocene Konan Tuffaceous Sandstone and Mudstone Member of the Bifuka Formation, known as the Konan flora, northwest of Shibetsu City, Hokkaido, Japan, were taxonomically revised. A total of 31 taxa were recognized, which were assigned to 14 families and 19 genera, including a new fossil species, Salix palaeofutura sp. nov. The Konan flora includes three taxa of evergreen conifers, one perennial monocot herb and 27 deciduous dicots. The most abundant and common species were Fagus palaeojaponica, Acer subcarpinifolium, Acer protojaponicum, Picea sp. A and Cercidiphyllum crenatum, in addition to a number of species of the Betulaceae and Salicaceae. From the absence of evergreen angiosperms as well as the common occurrence of Fagus palaeojaponica, Picea, Acer and Betulaceae species, this flora was comparable to that seen in the modern Mixed Northern Hardwood Forest of East Asia, which is distributed in northernmost Honshu and extends toward lowland Hokkaido. On the basis of floral features, mode of occurrence, and the lithology of plant-bearing beds, the Konan flora was deemed to represent mountain to riverside vegetation with humid and cool temperate climatic conditions. In contrast to the early to late Miocene floras in Japan, the Konan flora belongs to the late Miocene–Pliocene Mitoku-type flora, with a few relict species from the early Miocene. The Konan flora represents one of the earliest occurrences of this type of flora, suggesting that floral modernization was initiated much earlier in areas with humid and cool temperate climate than previously thought.
{"title":"Late middle Miocene Konan flora from northern Hokkaido, Japan","authors":"A. Narita, Atsushi Yabe, K. Uemura, M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.35535/ACPA-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/ACPA-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Plant macrofossils from the upper middle Miocene Konan Tuffaceous Sandstone and Mudstone Member of the Bifuka Formation, known as the Konan flora, northwest of Shibetsu City, Hokkaido, Japan, were taxonomically revised. A total of 31 taxa were recognized, which were assigned to 14 families and 19 genera, including a new fossil species, Salix palaeofutura sp. nov. The Konan flora includes three taxa of evergreen conifers, one perennial monocot herb and 27 deciduous dicots. The most abundant and common species were Fagus palaeojaponica, Acer subcarpinifolium, Acer protojaponicum, Picea sp. A and Cercidiphyllum crenatum, in addition to a number of species of the Betulaceae and Salicaceae. From the absence of evergreen angiosperms as well as the common occurrence of Fagus palaeojaponica, Picea, Acer and Betulaceae species, this flora was comparable to that seen in the modern Mixed Northern Hardwood Forest of East Asia, which is distributed in northernmost Honshu and extends toward lowland Hokkaido. On the basis of floral features, mode of occurrence, and the lithology of plant-bearing beds, the Konan flora was deemed to represent mountain to riverside vegetation with humid and cool temperate climatic conditions. In contrast to the early to late Miocene floras in Japan, the Konan flora belongs to the late Miocene–Pliocene Mitoku-type flora, with a few relict species from the early Miocene. The Konan flora represents one of the earliest occurrences of this type of flora, suggesting that floral modernization was initiated much earlier in areas with humid and cool temperate climate than previously thought.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48209613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economically important but relatively small family Theaceae can be traced back to the Late Cretaceous and is found today in the Western Hemisphere and Asia. Theaceous fruits are generally loculicidal capsules and have been found as fossils throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Using reflected light and μCTscanning, we recognize Anubiscarpon andersonae MA Smith et Manchester gen. et sp. nov. from the middle Eocene Clarno Formation of north central Oregon, based on five-valved, loculicidal capsules with a central columella, persistent perianth and pedicel, preserved as impressions in lacustrine shale. Its most distinctive feature is its apically clefted valves which are not seen in any other species of the family. Anubiscarpon augments our understanding of former morphological diversity in the Theaceae.
在经济上重要但相对较小的山茶科可以追溯到白垩纪晚期，今天在西半球和亚洲都有发现。茶树果实通常是杀死室的蒴果，在整个北半球被发现为化石。利用反射光和μ ct扫描技术，对美国俄勒冈州中北部始新世中期克拉诺组的Anubiscarpon andersonae MA Smith et Manchester等sp. 11进行了识别。研究发现，在湖相页岩中保存的五瓣、室状蒴果具有中心小柱、宿存花被和花梗。其最显著的特征是其顶端裂瓣，这是没有看到在任何其他种类的家庭。Anubiscarpon增加了我们对山茶科以前形态多样性的理解。
{"title":"CT-scans of capsules from the Clarno Formation (Oregon, USA) reveal an extinct Eocene theaceous taxon","authors":"Mackenzie A. Smith, S. Manchester","doi":"10.35535/ACPA-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/ACPA-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"The economically important but relatively small family Theaceae can be traced back to the Late Cretaceous and is found today in the Western Hemisphere and Asia. Theaceous fruits are generally loculicidal capsules and have been found as fossils throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Using reflected light and μCTscanning, we recognize Anubiscarpon andersonae MA Smith et Manchester gen. et sp. nov. from the middle Eocene Clarno Formation of north central Oregon, based on five-valved, loculicidal capsules with a central columella, persistent perianth and pedicel, preserved as impressions in lacustrine shale. Its most distinctive feature is its apically clefted valves which are not seen in any other species of the family. Anubiscarpon augments our understanding of former morphological diversity in the Theaceae.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47029004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite early interest in Neogene floras, primarily Miocene sites associated with Mio–Pliocene volcanic deposits of the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, few systematic accounts of the Miocene macrofloras of British Columbia – or elsewhere in non-Arctic Canada – have been published since the pioneering studies of J.W. Dawson and his contemporaries in the late 19th century. In this report, the Red Lake macroflora from sediments of the middle Miocene Deadman River Formation exposed in the Red Lake diatomite mine north of Kamloops, British Columbia, is illustrated, and a preliminary assessment presented, along with a brief review of Miocene floras from British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The Red Lake macroflora contains rare Ginkgo leaves, shoots of Cupressaceae (Cupressinocladus, Metasequoia, Taxodium) and shoots and seeds of Pinaceae (Pseudotsuga, Tsuga), maple (Acer) seeds and leaves, Liquidambar (fruit), Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides auriculata leaves, Nordenskioeldia interglacialis fruits), leaves of 4 species of red and white oaks (Quercus columbiana, Q. prelobata, Q. pseudolyrata, Quercus sp.), leaves of an alder (Alnus harneyana) and birch (Betula thor), chestnut (Castanea spokanensis), beech (Fagus pacifica), sycamore (Platanus dissecta), elm (Ulmus speciosa), leaves of unidentified taxa, fruits of Tilia pedunculata (Malvaceae) and fruits and inflorescences of other unidentified taxa, and leaves of a reed or rush (indet. monocot). The Red Lake middle Miocene climate reconstructed from leaf physiognomy was temperate and mesic, with mean annual temperature ~11–13°C, mild winters (coldest month mean temperature ~3°C), mean annual precipitation 170 −51/+73 cm/yr, and growing season precipitation ~92 cm, with moderate seasonality of precipitation (three wettest months ~51 cm vs. three driest months ~25 cm). The Red Lake flora shows similarities to middle to late Miocene floras from the U.S. Pacific Northwest (i.e., richness in oaks) but is of much lower diversity and lacks key elements common to many of the contemporaneous U.S. Miocene floras (e.g., foliage of Pinaceae esp. Pinus), and is missing taxa detected in the microflora, a pattern likely due to sampling effectiveness at the Red Lake Mine and sampling of different lithofacies for macro- and microfloras.
{"title":"The Miocene Red Lake macroflora of the Deadman River Formation (Chilcotin Group), Interior Plateau, British Columbia, Canada","authors":"D. Greenwood, C. K. West, J. Basinger","doi":"10.35535/ACPA-2020-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/ACPA-2020-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Despite early interest in Neogene floras, primarily Miocene sites associated with Mio–Pliocene volcanic deposits of the Interior Plateau of British Columbia, few systematic accounts of the Miocene macrofloras of British Columbia – or elsewhere in non-Arctic Canada – have been published since the pioneering studies of J.W. Dawson and his contemporaries in the late 19th century. In this report, the Red Lake macroflora from sediments of the middle Miocene Deadman River Formation exposed in the Red Lake diatomite mine north of Kamloops, British Columbia, is illustrated, and a preliminary assessment presented, along with a brief review of Miocene floras from British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest. The Red Lake macroflora contains rare Ginkgo leaves, shoots of Cupressaceae (Cupressinocladus, Metasequoia, Taxodium) and shoots and seeds of Pinaceae (Pseudotsuga, Tsuga), maple (Acer) seeds and leaves, Liquidambar (fruit), Trochodendraceae (Zizyphoides auriculata leaves, Nordenskioeldia interglacialis fruits), leaves of 4 species of red and white oaks (Quercus columbiana, Q. prelobata, Q. pseudolyrata, Quercus sp.), leaves of an alder (Alnus harneyana) and birch (Betula thor), chestnut (Castanea spokanensis), beech (Fagus pacifica), sycamore (Platanus dissecta), elm (Ulmus speciosa), leaves of unidentified taxa, fruits of Tilia pedunculata (Malvaceae) and fruits and inflorescences of other unidentified taxa, and leaves of a reed or rush (indet. monocot). The Red Lake middle Miocene climate reconstructed from leaf physiognomy was temperate and mesic, with mean annual temperature ~11–13°C, mild winters (coldest month mean temperature ~3°C), mean annual precipitation 170 −51/+73 cm/yr, and growing season precipitation ~92 cm, with moderate seasonality of precipitation (three wettest months ~51 cm vs. three driest months ~25 cm). The Red Lake flora shows similarities to middle to late Miocene floras from the U.S. Pacific Northwest (i.e., richness in oaks) but is of much lower diversity and lacks key elements common to many of the contemporaneous U.S. Miocene floras (e.g., foliage of Pinaceae esp. Pinus), and is missing taxa detected in the microflora, a pattern likely due to sampling effectiveness at the Red Lake Mine and sampling of different lithofacies for macro- and microfloras.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43161175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Gómez, G. G. Puebla, M. Prámparo, A. Arcucci
In a study of fossil seeds recovered from the La Cantera Formation, Early Cretaceous, San Luis Basin, we establish a new species, Carpolithus volantus, and describe other specimens attributed to Carpolithus spp. and Ephedra canterata. The botanical affinity of winged seeds assigned to Carpolithus volantus is discussed in relation to the fossil flora recovered from this formation. Based on the abundance of Gnetales in the San Luis Basin (pollen grains, reproductive and vegetative structures assigned to Ephedra), we propose that Carpolithus volantus is affiliated with Gnetales (Weltwitschia). We suggest that Carpolithus spp. seeds may be angiospermous, because this group, represented by leaves and flowers, dominates the fossil macroflora of the La Cantera Formation. Microand macrofloral analyses of the La Cantera Formation and an assessment of available dispersal vectors suggests that wind (anemochory) and water (hydrochory) may have been the most important dispersal strategies for these seeds. The abundance and small size of seeds recovered from the La Cantera Formation, together with their morphological characters, such as the presence of wings in Carpolithus volantus, also favour abiotic mechanisms of dispersal such as anemochory or hydrochory.
{"title":"Fossil seeds from the La Cantera Formation, Early Cretaceous, San Luis Province, Argentina","authors":"M. A. Gómez, G. G. Puebla, M. Prámparo, A. Arcucci","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"In a study of fossil seeds recovered from the La Cantera Formation, Early Cretaceous, San Luis Basin, we establish a new species, Carpolithus volantus, and describe other specimens attributed to Carpolithus spp. and Ephedra canterata. The botanical affinity of winged seeds assigned to Carpolithus volantus is discussed in relation to the fossil flora recovered from this formation. Based on the abundance of Gnetales in the San Luis Basin (pollen grains, reproductive and vegetative structures assigned to Ephedra), we propose that Carpolithus volantus is affiliated with Gnetales (Weltwitschia). We suggest that Carpolithus spp. seeds may be angiospermous, because this group, represented by leaves and flowers, dominates the fossil macroflora of the La Cantera Formation. Microand macrofloral analyses of the La Cantera Formation and an assessment of available dispersal vectors suggests that wind (anemochory) and water (hydrochory) may have been the most important dispersal strategies for these seeds. The abundance and small size of seeds recovered from the La Cantera Formation, together with their morphological characters, such as the presence of wings in Carpolithus volantus, also favour abiotic mechanisms of dispersal such as anemochory or hydrochory.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"181-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43752801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of the amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) within Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins in Colorado and Wyoming, respectively, has been described as compelling evidence that extraterrestrial Aib survived the high-energy Chicxulub impact. Based on contemporary experiments and simulations, however, it is highly unlikely that extraterrestrial Aib survived the impact, which had peak impact pressures and temperatures in excess of 600 GPa and 10,000 K, respectively. In other words, the amino acid signature of the carbonaceous chondritic asteroid that impacted Chicxulub was undoubtedly destroyed upon impact during formation of the vapor plume or so-called “fireball.” The only organisms known to produce Aib are the suite (more than 30 genera) of cosmopolitan saprotrophic filamentous fungi that include Trichoderma Pers., which has recently been hypothesized to have thrived during the K/Pg mass-extinction event. Therefore it is proposed that the Aib horizon in the K/Pg boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins correlates with the K/Pg boundary fungal spike, which thus far has only been observed in New Zealand (Southern Hemisphere). This proposition is based upon superimposing the Aib horizon on the well-known iridium and fern-spore spikes, as its stratigraphic position precisely matches that predicted by the fungal spike. If correct, this hypothesis alters the conventional perspective on the tempo and mode of terrestrial ecosystem recovery in western North America, as the heavily sampled K/Pg boundary section in the Raton Basin was instrumental in shaping the traditional narrative of the rapid recolonization of a denuded landscape by ferns via wind-blown spores in the immediate wake of regional deforestation caused by the K/Pg impact event. Perhaps more importantly, it could present an alternative to traditional palynological approaches for locating the fungal spike in other terrestrial K/Pg boundary sections and could provide additional support for the generalization that global mass-extinction events are frequently accompanied by fungal spikes.
{"title":"Evidence for fungal proliferation following the Cretaceous/Paleogene mass-extinction event, based on chemostratigraphy in the Raton and Powder River basins, western North America","authors":"K. Berry","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of the amino acid α-aminoisobutyric acid (Aib) within Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins in Colorado and Wyoming, respectively, has been described as compelling evidence that extraterrestrial Aib survived the high-energy Chicxulub impact. Based on contemporary experiments and simulations, however, it is highly unlikely that extraterrestrial Aib survived the impact, which had peak impact pressures and temperatures in excess of 600 GPa and 10,000 K, respectively. In other words, the amino acid signature of the carbonaceous chondritic asteroid that impacted Chicxulub was undoubtedly destroyed upon impact during formation of the vapor plume or so-called “fireball.” The only organisms known to produce Aib are the suite (more than 30 genera) of cosmopolitan saprotrophic filamentous fungi that include Trichoderma Pers., which has recently been hypothesized to have thrived during the K/Pg mass-extinction event. Therefore it is proposed that the Aib horizon in the K/Pg boundary clay in the Raton and Powder River basins correlates with the K/Pg boundary fungal spike, which thus far has only been observed in New Zealand (Southern Hemisphere). This proposition is based upon superimposing the Aib horizon on the well-known iridium and fern-spore spikes, as its stratigraphic position precisely matches that predicted by the fungal spike. If correct, this hypothesis alters the conventional perspective on the tempo and mode of terrestrial ecosystem recovery in western North America, as the heavily sampled K/Pg boundary section in the Raton Basin was instrumental in shaping the traditional narrative of the rapid recolonization of a denuded landscape by ferns via wind-blown spores in the immediate wake of regional deforestation caused by the K/Pg impact event. Perhaps more importantly, it could present an alternative to traditional palynological approaches for locating the fungal spike in other terrestrial K/Pg boundary sections and could provide additional support for the generalization that global mass-extinction events are frequently accompanied by fungal spikes.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"134-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43000685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Large leafy calamite stems are very rare in the fossil record. One such leafy stem is described as a new species, Calamites cambrensis, from shales above the No 2 Rhondda Seam in the Bolsovian of the South Wales Coalfield.
{"title":"A new species of leafy calamite stem from the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian) of the South Wales Coalfield","authors":"B. Thomas","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Large leafy calamite stems are very rare in the fossil record. One such leafy stem is described as a new species, Calamites cambrensis, from shales above the No 2 Rhondda Seam in the Bolsovian of the South Wales Coalfield.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43454003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A rich macroflora has been collected from Karpatian (late early Miocene) layers of the Mecsek Mts during recent decades. The bulk of the fossil assemblage consists of leaves and also fruits of angiosperms. Among the more than a hundred taxa, several endemic species were described: Leguminocarpum mecsekense Andreánszky, Ailanthus mecsekensis Hably, Nyssa gyoergyi sp. nov., Nyssa gergoei sp. nov., Nyssa sp. 1, Clematis csabae sp. nov., Gordonia sp. and Carpolithes gergoei Hably et Erdei sp. nov. Many taxa were last recorded in the Carpathian Basin, e.g. Cedrelospermum, Ziziphus. Other taxa appeared in this flora, e.g. Quercus kubinyii, Podocarpium podocarpum, Liquidambar europaea and Populus populina, and later became dominant in the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) floras or even in the late Miocene (Pannonian) floras. Four main vegetation types were determined. The most significant types are subxerophytic vegetation showing high diversity, swamp vegetation, riparian vegetation, and a vegetation type growing in habitats with higher rainfall. Thermophilous flora elements are dominant in the assemblage, although “arctotertiary” species also appear. The floristic character of the flora supports the results of an earlier quantitative climate analysis of the Magyaregregy flora, according to which mean annual temperature was 15.6–16.6°C and coldest-month and warmest-month temperatures were 5–6.2°C and 24.7–27.9°C, respectively. Generally the assemblage presented in this paper extends those climatological findings to the late early Miocene.
{"title":"The Karpatian (late early Miocene) flora of the Mecsek area","authors":"L. Hably","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"A rich macroflora has been collected from Karpatian (late early Miocene) layers of the Mecsek Mts during recent decades. The bulk of the fossil assemblage consists of leaves and also fruits of angiosperms. Among the more than a hundred taxa, several endemic species were described: Leguminocarpum mecsekense Andreánszky, Ailanthus mecsekensis Hably, Nyssa gyoergyi sp. nov., Nyssa gergoei sp. nov., Nyssa sp. 1, Clematis csabae sp. nov., Gordonia sp. and Carpolithes gergoei Hably et Erdei sp. nov. Many taxa were last recorded in the Carpathian Basin, e.g. Cedrelospermum, Ziziphus. Other taxa appeared in this flora, e.g. Quercus kubinyii, Podocarpium podocarpum, Liquidambar europaea and Populus populina, and later became dominant in the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) floras or even in the late Miocene (Pannonian) floras. Four main vegetation types were determined. The most significant types are subxerophytic vegetation showing high diversity, swamp vegetation, riparian vegetation, and a vegetation type growing in habitats with higher rainfall. Thermophilous flora elements are dominant in the assemblage, although “arctotertiary” species also appear. The floristic character of the flora supports the results of an earlier quantitative climate analysis of the Magyaregregy flora, according to which mean annual temperature was 15.6–16.6°C and coldest-month and warmest-month temperatures were 5–6.2°C and 24.7–27.9°C, respectively. Generally the assemblage presented in this paper extends those climatological findings to the late early Miocene.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"51-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41594557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper describes a continuation of our research on the distribution of archaeopteridalean plants in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation. New data on archaeopterid wood remains from Upper Devonian deposits of Northern Timan are presented. Representatives of the genus Callixylon are documented: the type species C. trifilievii, fragments of stumps (or root systems) with C. zalesskyi wood, and a small branch of C. sp.
{"title":"New investigations of Upper Devonian wood from the north of the European part of Russia","authors":"A. Lyubarova, S. Snigirevsky","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes a continuation of our research on the distribution of archaeopteridalean plants in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation. New data on archaeopterid wood remains from Upper Devonian deposits of Northern Timan are presented. Representatives of the genus Callixylon are documented: the type species C. trifilievii, fragments of stumps (or root systems) with C. zalesskyi wood, and a small branch of C. sp.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"60 1","pages":"143-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45131012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In melissopalynological and physicochemical analyses of 14 honey samples collected from different rural and urban localities of Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh, 43 pollen types were identified and categorized as predominant (above 45%), secondary (16–45%), important minor (3–15%) and minor (below 3%). Five of the 14 samples were classified as unifloral due to the presence of predominant pollen types (above 45%), and the other 9 as multifloral. Brassica campestris and Coriandrum sativum were the predominant pollen types in unifloral honey; 14 pollen types were documented in the secondary pollen types (16–45%) in multifloral honey. The analyzed physicochemical parameters included pH (mean 3.40 ± 0.15 to 4.74 ± 0.4), electrical conductivity (mean 0.13 ± 0.03 to 1.39 ± 0.17 mS/cm), total dissolved solids (120 ± 1.23 to 1260 ± 1 ppm), moisture content (12.17 ± 1.39 to 24.78 ± 1.54 mg/100 g) and ash content (0.15 ± .04 to 1.68 ± .27 mg/100g). The color of the honey ranged from water-white to dark amber. Among the minerals, magnesium was found to be most abundant (9 ± 0 to 11.8 ± 0 mg/kg), followed by iron (2.0 ± 0 to 4.8 ± 0 mg/kg) and zinc (0.39 ± 0 to 0.63 ± 0 mg/kg). The heavy metals cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic were below the limit of detection (< 0.01 mg/kg) in all honey samples except in samples H6 (Cd 0.01 mg/kg, Pd 0.27 mg/kg), H11 (Cd 0.02 mg/kg, Pd 0.05 mg/kg), H13 (Pd 0.02 mg/kg) and H14 (Cd 0.01 mg/kg, Pd 0.04 mg/kg). The physicochemical parameters varied significantly (p < 0.05) between samples. Findings of the present study indicate that the honey is of good quality and should be used in projects for commercialization of regional honey.
{"title":"Melissopalynological and physicochemical analysis of honey samples from Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh","authors":"V. Shukla, Ajay Kumar","doi":"10.35535/acpa-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35535/acpa-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"In melissopalynological and physicochemical analyses of 14 honey samples collected from different rural and urban localities of Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh, 43 pollen types were identified and categorized as predominant (above 45%), secondary (16–45%), important minor (3–15%) and minor (below 3%). Five of the 14 samples were classified as unifloral due to the presence of predominant pollen types (above 45%), and the other 9 as multifloral. Brassica campestris and Coriandrum sativum were the predominant pollen types in unifloral honey; 14 pollen types were documented in the secondary pollen types (16–45%) in multifloral honey. The analyzed physicochemical parameters included pH (mean 3.40 ± 0.15 to 4.74 ± 0.4), electrical conductivity (mean 0.13 ± 0.03 to 1.39 ± 0.17 mS/cm), total dissolved solids (120 ± 1.23 to 1260 ± 1 ppm), moisture content (12.17 ± 1.39 to 24.78 ± 1.54 mg/100 g) and ash content (0.15 ± .04 to 1.68 ± .27 mg/100g). The color of the honey ranged from water-white to dark amber. Among the minerals, magnesium was found to be most abundant (9 ± 0 to 11.8 ± 0 mg/kg), followed by iron (2.0 ± 0 to 4.8 ± 0 mg/kg) and zinc (0.39 ± 0 to 0.63 ± 0 mg/kg). The heavy metals cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic were below the limit of detection (< 0.01 mg/kg) in all honey samples except in samples H6 (Cd 0.01 mg/kg, Pd 0.27 mg/kg), H11 (Cd 0.02 mg/kg, Pd 0.05 mg/kg), H13 (Pd 0.02 mg/kg) and H14 (Cd 0.01 mg/kg, Pd 0.04 mg/kg). The physicochemical parameters varied significantly (p < 0.05) between samples. Findings of the present study indicate that the honey is of good quality and should be used in projects for commercialization of regional honey.","PeriodicalId":39861,"journal":{"name":"Acta Palaeobotanica","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41782305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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