Célia Ouahchia, F. Hamaidi-Chergui, H. Cherif, R. Hemma, I. Negab, K. Azine, F. Saidi
Inula viscosa (L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used for a long time for its many therapeutic properties, especially to treat pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of methanolic extracts and decoctions of Inula viscosa leaves and flowers. The phenol content of the extracts was determined by spectrophotometric methods. The extracts were administered orally (400, 600, and 800 mg/kg) to mice and/or rats in the study of antiinflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhes test), and antipyretic (Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia method) activities. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf methanolic extract. Methanolic extracts and decoctions of leaves and flowers showed significant decrease in mice paw edema after 4 h (P < 0.01; P < 0.001), and an appreciable analgesic effect at the tested doses with a maximum of writhing inhibition observed with leaf methanolic extract at the dose of 800 mg/kg (93.39%; P < 0.001). The rectal temperature of the rats decreased significantly (P < 0.01; P < 0.001) after 4 h in groups treated with leaves and flowers extracts at the doses of 600 and 800 mg/kg. The obtained results confirm the traditional uses of Inula viscosa.
{"title":"Total Phenolic Content, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, and Antipyretic Activities of Some Extracts of Inula viscosa (L.) from Algeria","authors":"Célia Ouahchia, F. Hamaidi-Chergui, H. Cherif, R. Hemma, I. Negab, K. Azine, F. Saidi","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2019-0125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2019-0125","url":null,"abstract":"Inula viscosa (L.) is a medicinal plant that has been used for a long time for its many therapeutic properties, especially to treat pain and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of methanolic extracts and decoctions of Inula viscosa leaves and flowers. The phenol content of the extracts was determined by spectrophotometric methods. The extracts were administered orally (400, 600, and 800 mg/kg) to mice and/or rats in the study of antiinflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhes test), and antipyretic (Brewer’s yeast-induced pyrexia method) activities. The highest phenolic content was found in leaf methanolic extract. Methanolic extracts and decoctions of leaves and flowers showed significant decrease in mice paw edema after 4 h (P < 0.01; P < 0.001), and an appreciable analgesic effect at the tested doses with a maximum of writhing inhibition observed with leaf methanolic extract at the dose of 800 mg/kg (93.39%; P < 0.001). The rectal temperature of the rats decreased significantly (P < 0.01; P < 0.001) after 4 h in groups treated with leaves and flowers extracts at the doses of 600 and 800 mg/kg. The obtained results confirm the traditional uses of Inula viscosa.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49417901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Face au Covid-19 (ou SRASCov-2) qui apparaît en 2019 et qui est un virus à ARN, il a été rapidement important de comprendre la physiopathologie de cette atteinte virale de l’organisme humain. Quelques semaines après le démarrage de l’épidémie de ce virus, une première étude en langue chinoise [1] montrait qu’il pouvait exister des plantes de la médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) freinant cette atteinte virale et mettait à l’honneur de pipérolactam, le rohitukine (alcaloïde de chromane) et l’OrgC (Leu 718, protéine codée dans le cluster de gènes T3SS). Du point de vue pharmacologique, il a été important de trouver des points d’ancrage du virus sur des tissus épithéliaux et endothéliaux de l’organisme humain pour déterminer des criblages de plantes contre ces systèmes de relation hôte–virus [2,3]. On a rapidement pu déceler que ce virus à ARN contient 13 gènes et codent 14 protéines [2] :
{"title":"Autopsie du traitement naturel du Covid-19","authors":"P. Goetz","doi":"10.3166/phyto-2020-0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2020-0233","url":null,"abstract":"Face au Covid-19 (ou SRASCov-2) qui apparaît en 2019 et qui est un virus à ARN, il a été rapidement important de comprendre la physiopathologie de cette atteinte virale de l’organisme humain. Quelques semaines après le démarrage de l’épidémie de ce virus, une première étude en langue chinoise [1] montrait qu’il pouvait exister des plantes de la médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) freinant cette atteinte virale et mettait à l’honneur de pipérolactam, le rohitukine (alcaloïde de chromane) et l’OrgC (Leu 718, protéine codée dans le cluster de gènes T3SS). Du point de vue pharmacologique, il a été important de trouver des points d’ancrage du virus sur des tissus épithéliaux et endothéliaux de l’organisme humain pour déterminer des criblages de plantes contre ces systèmes de relation hôte–virus [2,3]. On a rapidement pu déceler que ce virus à ARN contient 13 gènes et codent 14 protéines [2] :","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42579892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spirulina is a microalga used in traditional folk medicine in Morocco for the treatment of various health disorders. The wound healing activity of Moroccan Spirulina is unknown. In the current study, aqueous extracts of Spirulina platensis were investigated for acute toxicity and wound healing activity in Swiss Albino mice and White New Zealand rabbits, respectively. The LD50 (amount of substance required to kill 50% of the test population) of the microalga was greater than 5,000 mg/kg. Healing after application of the same amount of ointment on differently induced (mechanical, chemical, and thermal) wounds was about the same, over five weeks. Aqueous extract had remarkable healing activity on rabbits’ skin, possessing significantly greater healing effect for mechanical and chemical burns than controls. Moreover, the hair growing time was faster in treated groups; Spirulina-treated groups did not show any contamination with microbes compared to others. This study affirms that Spirulina platensis can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for wound healing not only as a complementary medicine but also in conventional medicine.
{"title":"In Vivo Wound Healing Activity of Spirulina platensis","authors":"R. Seghiri, A. Essamri","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0097","url":null,"abstract":"Spirulina is a microalga used in traditional folk medicine in Morocco for the treatment of various health disorders. The wound healing activity of Moroccan Spirulina is unknown. In the current study, aqueous extracts of Spirulina platensis were investigated for acute toxicity and wound healing activity in Swiss Albino mice and White New Zealand rabbits, respectively. The LD50 (amount of substance required to kill 50% of the test population) of the microalga was greater than 5,000 mg/kg. Healing after application of the same amount of ointment on differently induced (mechanical, chemical, and thermal) wounds was about the same, over five weeks. Aqueous extract had remarkable healing activity on rabbits’ skin, possessing significantly greater healing effect for mechanical and chemical burns than controls. Moreover, the hair growing time was faster in treated groups; Spirulina-treated groups did not show any contamination with microbes compared to others. This study affirms that Spirulina platensis can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for wound healing not only as a complementary medicine but also in conventional medicine.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47923060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Khiya, Y. Oualcadi, A. Gamar, S. Amalich, F. Berrekhis, T. Zair, F. Hilali
The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the extracts of Pistacia atlantica collected in the Khenifra region (Morocco) in 2016. Different methods were used to study these extract: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, the phosphomolybdate method for determining the total antioxidant capacity, and the electrochemical method for cyclic voltammetry were employed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Phytochemical screening helped us to highlight the presence of secondary metabolites. The extraction of the phenolic compounds was carried out by the Soxhlet method in the presence of different mixtures solvents (ethanol/water and methanol/water); the fractions of the different extracts were affected using ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The dosage results showed that the ethanolic extract was rich in total phenols (260.4 mg GAE/g of the extract) and in total flavonoids (129.15 mg QE/g of the extract), while the butanolic fraction was rich in condensed tannin (50.96 mg CE/g of the extract). The qualitative analysis was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The main compounds that were identified in the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Pistacia atlantica Desf were ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, rutin, and quercetin. The results of the antioxidant activity revealed that the butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions exhibit a good iron reduction capacity (concentration that gave half maximal response, EC50 = 0.02 mg/ml and 0.03 mg/ml, respectively) and a very interesting antiradical activity with an IC50 (concentration of inhibitor where the response is reduced by half) = 0.08 mg/ml and 0.04 mg/ml, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry presented a single oxidation peak between 400 and 500 mV. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts were recorded from the oxidation currents values of 15.75 and 10.41 i/μA cm.2 respectively at the concentration 0.1 mg/ml. Hence, it is clear that the leaves of Pistacia atlantica Desf, which are currently often considered as potential antioxidants, contain antioxidants that can usefully be extracted and added to foods.
{"title":"In vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity of the Methanol and Ethanol Extracts of Pistacia atlantica Desf from Morocco","authors":"Z. Khiya, Y. Oualcadi, A. Gamar, S. Amalich, F. Berrekhis, T. Zair, F. Hilali","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2018-0100","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the extracts of Pistacia atlantica collected in the Khenifra region (Morocco) in 2016. Different methods were used to study these extract: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay, the phosphomolybdate method for determining the total antioxidant capacity, and the electrochemical method for cyclic voltammetry were employed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Phytochemical screening helped us to highlight the presence of secondary metabolites. The extraction of the phenolic compounds was carried out by the Soxhlet method in the presence of different mixtures solvents (ethanol/water and methanol/water); the fractions of the different extracts were affected using ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The dosage results showed that the ethanolic extract was rich in total phenols (260.4 mg GAE/g of the extract) and in total flavonoids (129.15 mg QE/g of the extract), while the butanolic fraction was rich in condensed tannin (50.96 mg CE/g of the extract). The qualitative analysis was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The main compounds that were identified in the methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Pistacia atlantica Desf were ascorbic acid, gallic acid, tannic acid, rutin, and quercetin. The results of the antioxidant activity revealed that the butanolic and ethyl acetate fractions exhibit a good iron reduction capacity (concentration that gave half maximal response, EC50 = 0.02 mg/ml and 0.03 mg/ml, respectively) and a very interesting antiradical activity with an IC50 (concentration of inhibitor where the response is reduced by half) = 0.08 mg/ml and 0.04 mg/ml, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry presented a single oxidation peak between 400 and 500 mV. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts were recorded from the oxidation currents values of 15.75 and 10.41 i/μA cm.2 respectively at the concentration 0.1 mg/ml. Hence, it is clear that the leaves of Pistacia atlantica Desf, which are currently often considered as potential antioxidants, contain antioxidants that can usefully be extracted and added to foods.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43252802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Amrouche, C. Bessenouci, M. Gherib, K. Fellah, H. Malainine, Houcine Benmehdi
La présente étude est une contribution à la connaissance des espèces végétales médicinales utilisées par la population locale de la région d’Adrar (Algérie). Pour ce faire, une approche ethnobotanique descriptive a été privilégiée ; et à l’aide d’une fiche questionnaire, 122 enquêtés ont révélé leurs connaissances et savoir-faire ancestraux sur l’usage de ces espèces en pharmacopée traditionnelle. Les données recueillies ont été analysées statistiquement et traitées par le logiciel SPSS 22. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’identifier 84 espèces médicinales appartenant à 78 genres et à 38 familles botaniques. Les familles les plus importantes sont celles des Asteraceae, Fabaceae et Poaceae. Les feuilles et les graines sont les parties les plus utilisées dans les préparations médicinales. De plus, la poudre, l’infusion et la décoction sont les modes de préparation les plus sollicités. Avec cela, les résultats de l’étude ont révélé une diversité d’indications thérapeutiques des espèces et une dominance pour les maladies internes et les affections digestives ; ce qui peut justifier l’utilisation très intense de certaines plantes telles Artemisia herba alba et Adiantum capillus veneris qui sont connues par leurs effets spasmolytique, hypotensif, hypoglycémiant, hépatoprotecteur, antioxydant et antiinflammatoire. Cette étude nous a permis, aussi, par analyse multifactorielle, de révéler une bonne correspondance entre l’aspect ethnobotanique des espèces végétales et de leurs utilisations en thérapeutique. Les résultats obtenus indiquent l’apparition de quatre profils types d’usage spécifiques de la flore médicinale de la région d’étude.
{"title":"Approche ethnobotanique descriptive de la flore médicinale en milieu désertique « Cas des oasis du Gourara, de Tidikelt et de Touat » région d’Adrar, Algérie","authors":"A. Amrouche, C. Bessenouci, M. Gherib, K. Fellah, H. Malainine, Houcine Benmehdi","doi":"10.3166/PHYTO-2019-0166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/PHYTO-2019-0166","url":null,"abstract":"La présente étude est une contribution à la connaissance des espèces végétales médicinales utilisées par la population locale de la région d’Adrar (Algérie). Pour ce faire, une approche ethnobotanique descriptive a été privilégiée ; et à l’aide d’une fiche questionnaire, 122 enquêtés ont révélé leurs connaissances et savoir-faire ancestraux sur l’usage de ces espèces en pharmacopée traditionnelle. Les données recueillies ont été analysées statistiquement et traitées par le logiciel SPSS 22. Les résultats obtenus ont permis d’identifier 84 espèces médicinales appartenant à 78 genres et à 38 familles botaniques. Les familles les plus importantes sont celles des Asteraceae, Fabaceae et Poaceae. Les feuilles et les graines sont les parties les plus utilisées dans les préparations médicinales. De plus, la poudre, l’infusion et la décoction sont les modes de préparation les plus sollicités. Avec cela, les résultats de l’étude ont révélé une diversité d’indications thérapeutiques des espèces et une dominance pour les maladies internes et les affections digestives ; ce qui peut justifier l’utilisation très intense de certaines plantes telles Artemisia herba alba et Adiantum capillus veneris qui sont connues par leurs effets spasmolytique, hypotensif, hypoglycémiant, hépatoprotecteur, antioxydant et antiinflammatoire. Cette étude nous a permis, aussi, par analyse multifactorielle, de révéler une bonne correspondance entre l’aspect ethnobotanique des espèces végétales et de leurs utilisations en thérapeutique. Les résultats obtenus indiquent l’apparition de quatre profils types d’usage spécifiques de la flore médicinale de la région d’étude.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49241223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Chebaibi, D. Bousta, I. Iken, H. Hoummani, A. Ech-Choayeby, A. Najdi, T. S. Houssaini, S. Achour
The purpose of this study was to inventory and collect information on plants and mixtures commonly used by herbalists to treat kidney disease in the Fez–Meknes region. We also aimed to compare the results obtained with the results of the other studies and exploit the correlations between different factors. An ethnopharmacological survey was conducted from 289 local herbalists in eight different areas of Fez–Meknes region. Ethnomedicinal uses and ethnobotanical indices were analyzed using quantitative tools, i.e., the total number of citation (TNC), use value (UV), family use value (FUV), fidelity level (FL), and rank order priority (ROP). Statistical analyses such as Pearson correlation and chi-squared test were performed to delineate any correlation. Two hundred and eighty-nine herbalists were questioned. Sixty-nine plant species belonging to 38 families were cited by herbalists for traditional treatment of kidney disease. The highest value of UV was obtained for Herniaria glabra L. (UV = 0.79), and Caryophyllaceae was the family frequently cited (FUV = 0.795). Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. had the highest value of FL with a value of 100%, and the highest value of ROP was recorded for Herniaria glabra L. (ROP = 91%). Sociodemographic characteristics had a significant impact on the knowledge of toxic plants. Our study has revealed a cultural heritage linked to herbalism and a great wealth of medicinal plants, whose valorization and protection are necessary. Several studies are needed to sensitize herbalists and population on the danger of toxic plants, to extract chemical compounds from the main plants used, and to evaluate their toxicity.
{"title":"Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Plants Used in Traditional Treatment of Kidney Diseases in Fez–Meknes Region, Morocco","authors":"Mohamed Chebaibi, D. Bousta, I. Iken, H. Hoummani, A. Ech-Choayeby, A. Najdi, T. S. Houssaini, S. Achour","doi":"10.3166/phyto-2019-0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/phyto-2019-0189","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to inventory and collect information on plants and mixtures commonly used by herbalists to treat kidney disease in the Fez–Meknes region. We also aimed to compare the results obtained with the results of the other studies and exploit the correlations between different factors. An ethnopharmacological survey was conducted from 289 local herbalists in eight different areas of Fez–Meknes region. Ethnomedicinal uses and ethnobotanical indices were analyzed using quantitative tools, i.e., the total number of citation (TNC), use value (UV), family use value (FUV), fidelity level (FL), and rank order priority (ROP). Statistical analyses such as Pearson correlation and chi-squared test were performed to delineate any correlation. Two hundred and eighty-nine herbalists were questioned. Sixty-nine plant species belonging to 38 families were cited by herbalists for traditional treatment of kidney disease. The highest value of UV was obtained for Herniaria glabra L. (UV = 0.79), and Caryophyllaceae was the family frequently cited (FUV = 0.795). Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Dur. had the highest value of FL with a value of 100%, and the highest value of ROP was recorded for Herniaria glabra L. (ROP = 91%). Sociodemographic characteristics had a significant impact on the knowledge of toxic plants. Our study has revealed a cultural heritage linked to herbalism and a great wealth of medicinal plants, whose valorization and protection are necessary. Several studies are needed to sensitize herbalists and population on the danger of toxic plants, to extract chemical compounds from the main plants used, and to evaluate their toxicity.","PeriodicalId":39888,"journal":{"name":"Phytotherapie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48090961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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