Purpose: Neuroimaging and electrodiagnostic studies are used to evaluate the changes in the spinal cord after trauma, both for clinical and research purposes. The aim of the present study was to find a correlation between the MRI and electrodiagnostic testing for acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) over different points in time. Methods: Thirty-five patients with acute SCI presenting within 48 h of injury and completing a minimum of 6 months of regular follow-up comprised the study population. Patients were examined clinically for neurological involvement as per international guidelines. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spine and electrodiagnostic testing of both lower limbs [two motor (tibial and peroneal) and one sensory (sural) nerve] and five muscles (Iliopsoas, Vastus medialis, Tibialis anterior, Gastrocnemius, and Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)] were done at admission, 3 and 6 months. Results: Quantitative MRI parameters [maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), maximum canal compromise (MCC), and lesion length (LL)] showed a significant correlation to motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity at all points in time. Electromyography of tested muscles at admission showed a significant correlation (Spearman’s correlation test) with MRI quantitative parameters (−0.818 to −0.510); stenosis (−0.564 to −0.347) except right EHL for peak to peak amplitude; and disk herniation (−0.427 to −0.339) except tibialis anterior for recruitment of motor unit potential (MUP) and iliopsoas, right gastrocnemius, and EHL for peak to peak amplitude. This correlation remained significant even at 3 and 6 months post-acute SCI. Conclusion: The quantitative MRI parameters, along with a few of the qualitative parameters, show a significant correlation with electrodiagnostic features at different points in acute traumatic SCI.
{"title":"Evaluation of the relationship between MRI and electrodiagnostic tests in acute traumatic spinal cord injury","authors":"Roop Singh, Vijay Singh Meena, Jitendra Wadhwani, Rajesh Kumar Rohilla, Kiranpreet Kaur, Svareen Kaur","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.31","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Neuroimaging and electrodiagnostic studies are used to evaluate the changes in the spinal cord after trauma, both for clinical and research purposes. The aim of the present study was to find a correlation between the MRI and electrodiagnostic testing for acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) over different points in time. Methods: Thirty-five patients with acute SCI presenting within 48 h of injury and completing a minimum of 6 months of regular follow-up comprised the study population. Patients were examined clinically for neurological involvement as per international guidelines. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) spine and electrodiagnostic testing of both lower limbs [two motor (tibial and peroneal) and one sensory (sural) nerve] and five muscles (Iliopsoas, Vastus medialis, Tibialis anterior, Gastrocnemius, and Extensor hallucis longus (EHL)] were done at admission, 3 and 6 months. Results: Quantitative MRI parameters [maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), maximum canal compromise (MCC), and lesion length (LL)] showed a significant correlation to motor nerve conduction velocity and sensory nerve conduction velocity at all points in time. Electromyography of tested muscles at admission showed a significant correlation (Spearman’s correlation test) with MRI quantitative parameters (−0.818 to −0.510); stenosis (−0.564 to −0.347) except right EHL for peak to peak amplitude; and disk herniation (−0.427 to −0.339) except tibialis anterior for recruitment of motor unit potential (MUP) and iliopsoas, right gastrocnemius, and EHL for peak to peak amplitude. This correlation remained significant even at 3 and 6 months post-acute SCI. Conclusion: The quantitative MRI parameters, along with a few of the qualitative parameters, show a significant correlation with electrodiagnostic features at different points in acute traumatic SCI.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"68 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135161644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective communication regarding the physician-patient relationship and empathy in an emergency setting is paramount for optimal care. In this regard, teaching intangible skills such as empathy to medical students as part of the formal curriculum should be considered accordingly. Teaching and evaluating intangible skills are essential competencies to be fostered by any practicing doctor, and their insufficiency as required skills may lead to better patient outcomes and patient satisfaction. In this letter, our primary focus is on empathy as an essential component in medical education and its development in emergency settings.
{"title":"Empathy as an essential component in the practice of medicine","authors":"Mozhdeh Delzendeh, Mehrdad Nazarieh, Amin Beigzadeh","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Effective communication regarding the physician-patient relationship and empathy in an emergency setting is paramount for optimal care. In this regard, teaching intangible skills such as empathy to medical students as part of the formal curriculum should be considered accordingly. Teaching and evaluating intangible skills are essential competencies to be fostered by any practicing doctor, and their insufficiency as required skills may lead to better patient outcomes and patient satisfaction. In this letter, our primary focus is on empathy as an essential component in medical education and its development in emergency settings.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"72 11-12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135272437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salam Amin Nassar, Fadi Khraim, Daniel Forgave, Ahmed Hajaj
{"title":"Self-reported functional status among spinal cord injury patients using the spinal cord independence measures III: Integrative literature review","authors":"Salam Amin Nassar, Fadi Khraim, Daniel Forgave, Ahmed Hajaj","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"107 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135220800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Astudillo−Álvarez Gloria Monserrath, Sánchez−Amaya David Jacobo, Godìnez−Córdova Luis Benjamín, Zebadua−Torres Rodrigo
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary blood vessels, resulting in structural and functional changes. While dyspnea and angina are common symptoms associated with the disease, rarely do they might stem from atypical factors like compression of the coronary arteries. Hence, it is crucial to consider anatomical imaging studies when assessing these patients. Treatment decisions depend on several factors, including disease severity and concurrent medical conditions. In this case report, we present a patient with both PH and a sizable pulmonary artery (PAA), which significantly compressed the left main coronary artery (LMCA). Conservative management was pursued, leading to a successful outcome. The occurrence of angina due to PAA in PH patients, although rare, underscores the importance of conducting a comprehensive evaluation for an accurate diagnosis.
{"title":"Unstable angina due to extrinsic coronary compression secondary to a giantic pulmonary artery aneurysm: An uncommon etiology","authors":"Astudillo−Álvarez Gloria Monserrath, Sánchez−Amaya David Jacobo, Godìnez−Córdova Luis Benjamín, Zebadua−Torres Rodrigo","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.37","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary blood vessels, resulting in structural and functional changes. While dyspnea and angina are common symptoms associated with the disease, rarely do they might stem from atypical factors like compression of the coronary arteries. Hence, it is crucial to consider anatomical imaging studies when assessing these patients. Treatment decisions depend on several factors, including disease severity and concurrent medical conditions. In this case report, we present a patient with both PH and a sizable pulmonary artery (PAA), which significantly compressed the left main coronary artery (LMCA). Conservative management was pursued, leading to a successful outcome. The occurrence of angina due to PAA in PH patients, although rare, underscores the importance of conducting a comprehensive evaluation for an accurate diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"19 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Envenomation caused by snakebites and scorpion stings is a neglected disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. In Qatar, little information is available on the epidemiological aspects of snakebites and scorpion stings. This study describes the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of patients treated for scorpion stings or snakebites at Qatar’s Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC). Methods: A retrospective data analysis was applied to investigate the number of scorpion stings and snakebites reported at the PHCC health centers between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The data were electronically extracted from the medical records of the registered population at PHCC. Results: 581 scorpion stings and 21 cases of snakebites were reported between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The highest number of scorpion stings reported in 2020 was 141 cases. The distribution of scorpion stings was higher among males than females, with rates of 86% and 14%, respectively, and the highest number of cases occurred in the age group of 19–39 years. Among the total cases, Bangladeshi and Qatari were the most affected, with a rate of 41% and 14%, respectively. The western region had the highest incidence of scorpion stings, at 7.47 per 10,000 persons. Conclusion: According to this research, the western region had the highest occurrence of scorpion stings cases, primarily among Bangladeshis and Qataris, particularly in the age group of 19–49 years. This study also found similar patterns in snakebite cases. Consequently, this study emphasizes the need for increased investment in antivenom and the training of healthcare professionals to address scorpion stings effectively.
{"title":"Epidemiology of scorpion sting and snakebite cases in Qatar 2018–2022: A primary care-based study","authors":"Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari, Ahmad Haj Bakri, Mujeeb Chettiyam Kandy, Jeyaram Illiayraja Krishnan, Jazeel Abdulmajeed, Yousef Al-Abdulla","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.26","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Envenomation caused by snakebites and scorpion stings is a neglected disease responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. In Qatar, little information is available on the epidemiological aspects of snakebites and scorpion stings. This study describes the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of patients treated for scorpion stings or snakebites at Qatar’s Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC). Methods: A retrospective data analysis was applied to investigate the number of scorpion stings and snakebites reported at the PHCC health centers between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The data were electronically extracted from the medical records of the registered population at PHCC. Results: 581 scorpion stings and 21 cases of snakebites were reported between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The highest number of scorpion stings reported in 2020 was 141 cases. The distribution of scorpion stings was higher among males than females, with rates of 86% and 14%, respectively, and the highest number of cases occurred in the age group of 19–39 years. Among the total cases, Bangladeshi and Qatari were the most affected, with a rate of 41% and 14%, respectively. The western region had the highest incidence of scorpion stings, at 7.47 per 10,000 persons. Conclusion: According to this research, the western region had the highest occurrence of scorpion stings cases, primarily among Bangladeshis and Qataris, particularly in the age group of 19–49 years. This study also found similar patterns in snakebite cases. Consequently, this study emphasizes the need for increased investment in antivenom and the training of healthcare professionals to address scorpion stings effectively.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"46 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global concern has focused on reducing the potential hazards to public health from unintentional pesticide poisoning. As a result, notorious agents have been banned from the market, and new materials that maintain their effectiveness against harmful insects with low human toxicity have been developed. Despite the development of several recent agents targeting the nervous system of insects, their clinical effects on humans are rarely known. We report a novel human intoxication with a mixture of flonicamid and sulfoxaflor pesticides, which presented with acute stroke manifestations. An 83-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) in a confused mental state and with right-sided hemiparesis for 2 h prior to the visit. The primary evaluation targeted a new onset of hemorrhagic stroke. Clinical manifestations showed no definite interval change for 2 days, and the diagnosis of stroke was ruled out after previous radiologic results revealed the presence of a pre-existing lesion. After 3 days, the patient recovered with an alert mentality and appropriate orientation. The patient remembered that he took the package of pesticide but flatly denied the intentional intake of toxic agents. The patient was discharged 5 days after admission without any neurological deficits. We present the first report of human intoxication with flonicamid or sulfoxaflor. Although the total amount of ingestion was not high, the patient showed unique clinical manifestations of stroke. Physicians should be aware of particular toxic materials when a differential diagnosis of stroke is required. Further investigations should be performed to estimate and reveal human toxicity.
{"title":"Manifestation of acute stroke symptoms as toxic effects after flonicamid/sulfoxaflor pesticide poisoning","authors":"Haewon Jung, Woo Young Nho","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.32","url":null,"abstract":"Global concern has focused on reducing the potential hazards to public health from unintentional pesticide poisoning. As a result, notorious agents have been banned from the market, and new materials that maintain their effectiveness against harmful insects with low human toxicity have been developed. Despite the development of several recent agents targeting the nervous system of insects, their clinical effects on humans are rarely known. We report a novel human intoxication with a mixture of flonicamid and sulfoxaflor pesticides, which presented with acute stroke manifestations. An 83-year-old man presented to the emergency department (ED) in a confused mental state and with right-sided hemiparesis for 2 h prior to the visit. The primary evaluation targeted a new onset of hemorrhagic stroke. Clinical manifestations showed no definite interval change for 2 days, and the diagnosis of stroke was ruled out after previous radiologic results revealed the presence of a pre-existing lesion. After 3 days, the patient recovered with an alert mentality and appropriate orientation. The patient remembered that he took the package of pesticide but flatly denied the intentional intake of toxic agents. The patient was discharged 5 days after admission without any neurological deficits. We present the first report of human intoxication with flonicamid or sulfoxaflor. Although the total amount of ingestion was not high, the patient showed unique clinical manifestations of stroke. Physicians should be aware of particular toxic materials when a differential diagnosis of stroke is required. Further investigations should be performed to estimate and reveal human toxicity.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"42 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Traumatic cerebral contusion is a major global health concern due to its association with poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors and clinical presentation of traumatic cerebral contusion in Sudan. Methods: A prospective cross- sectional observational hospital-based study was conducted in 90 patients with traumatic cerebral hemorrhagic contusion admitted to the National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) over a period of six months. Results: The results show that most patients were male, age 25 to 44 years, 75.6% from rural areas, and 67.8 % from Afro-Asiatic linguistic affiliated tribes. The most common cause of traumatic brain hemorrhagic contusion was road traffic accidents (RTA) 68.9%, followed by assault 24.4%, and fall 6.7%. About 60% of the patients suffered a frontal lobe injury while 14.4% of the patients had multiple injury sites. Brain edema was observed in 22.2% of the patients. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale, 11.1% suffered severe, 30% moderate and 58.9% mild brain injury. Death rate was 8.9% Conclusion: In conclusion, male gender, age 25-44 years, rural residents and victims of RTA were the most common characteristics observed in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic brain contusion in Sudan. The study also observed that brain edema and anatomical site of hemorrhage were not associated with death while male gender and GCS were. Traumatic cerebral hemorrhagic contusion is a major public health issue in Sudan carrying significant socioeconomic effects.
{"title":"Risk factors and clinical presentation of traumatic cerebral hemorrhagic contusion in Sudanese patients at the National Center for Neurological Sciences, Khartoum, Sudan","authors":"Samah Abdelrahman Hassan Ibrahim","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.27","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Traumatic cerebral contusion is a major global health concern due to its association with poor clinical prognosis. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors and clinical presentation of traumatic cerebral contusion in Sudan. Methods: A prospective cross- sectional observational hospital-based study was conducted in 90 patients with traumatic cerebral hemorrhagic contusion admitted to the National Center for Neurological Sciences (NCNS) over a period of six months. Results: The results show that most patients were male, age 25 to 44 years, 75.6% from rural areas, and 67.8 % from Afro-Asiatic linguistic affiliated tribes. The most common cause of traumatic brain hemorrhagic contusion was road traffic accidents (RTA) 68.9%, followed by assault 24.4%, and fall 6.7%. About 60% of the patients suffered a frontal lobe injury while 14.4% of the patients had multiple injury sites. Brain edema was observed in 22.2% of the patients. According to the Glasgow Coma Scale, 11.1% suffered severe, 30% moderate and 58.9% mild brain injury. Death rate was 8.9% Conclusion: In conclusion, male gender, age 25-44 years, rural residents and victims of RTA were the most common characteristics observed in patients with traumatic hemorrhagic brain contusion in Sudan. The study also observed that brain edema and anatomical site of hemorrhage were not associated with death while male gender and GCS were. Traumatic cerebral hemorrhagic contusion is a major public health issue in Sudan carrying significant socioeconomic effects.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"25 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135461339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven Ayotte, Avi V. Dravid, Mattia A. Mahmoud, Keith D. Baldwin, Neil P. Sheth
Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in East Africa. Lower extremity (LE) injuries are especially debilitating, negatively impacting quality of life and employment prospects. This systematic review characterizes the proportion of LE injuries due to RTAs in four members of the East African Community: Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. Methods: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed were queried for studies from 2010 to 2022 providing information on lower extremity injuries caused by RTAs in the countries of interest. Proportions of RTA-related LE injuries were extracted from eligible papers. Study quality and bias were assessed using the framework for systematic reviews established by Zaza et al.1 Results: Seven studies met the eligibility criteria–four for Kenya, two for Uganda, and one for Tanzania; however, no eligible studies were found for Rwanda. The proportion of RTA-related injuries affecting the lower extremities ranged from 0.39 to 0.49. In patients presenting with LE injuries, RTAs were the most frequent cause, representing more than 70% of cases in the examined studies. Motorcycle accidents were not more likely to cause LE injuries, but they were the most significant contributor to the overall LE injury burden due to their prevalence. Conclusions: With urbanization and the increased adoption of low-cost motorcycles, RTAs will continue to pose a public health challenge. Investments in traffic enforcement and physical infrastructure will alleviate the risks to both motorists and pedestrians. In addition to primary prevention, there is a significant need for improvements in emergency care and surgical capacity.
背景:道路交通事故是东非发病率和死亡率的一个重要因素。下肢(LE)损伤尤其使人衰弱，对生活质量和就业前景产生负面影响。本系统综述分析了东非共同体四个成员国(肯尼亚、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚和乌干达)因rta导致的LE损伤比例。方法:对Embase、Medline、Web of Science和PubMed在2010年至2022年间的研究进行了查询，这些研究提供了相关国家由rta引起的下肢损伤的信息。从符合条件的论文中提取rta相关LE损伤的比例。使用Zaza等人建立的系统评价框架对研究质量和偏倚进行了评估。结果:7项研究符合资格标准——肯尼亚4项，乌干达2项，坦桑尼亚1项;但是，没有为卢旺达找到符合条件的研究。rta相关损伤影响下肢的比例为0.39 ~ 0.49。在LE损伤患者中，rta是最常见的原因，占研究中70%以上的病例。摩托车事故不太可能导致LE损伤，但由于其普遍性，它们是整体LE损伤负担的最重要贡献者。结论:随着城市化和低成本摩托车的普及，rta将继续对公共卫生构成挑战。对交通执法和实体基础设施的投资将减轻对驾车者和行人的风险。除了初级预防外，迫切需要改进急诊护理和外科手术能力。
{"title":"Lower extremity injuries secondary to road traffic accidents in East Africa: A systematic review","authors":"Steven Ayotte, Avi V. Dravid, Mattia A. Mahmoud, Keith D. Baldwin, Neil P. Sheth","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.34","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in East Africa. Lower extremity (LE) injuries are especially debilitating, negatively impacting quality of life and employment prospects. This systematic review characterizes the proportion of LE injuries due to RTAs in four members of the East African Community: Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. Methods: Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and PubMed were queried for studies from 2010 to 2022 providing information on lower extremity injuries caused by RTAs in the countries of interest. Proportions of RTA-related LE injuries were extracted from eligible papers. Study quality and bias were assessed using the framework for systematic reviews established by Zaza et al.1 Results: Seven studies met the eligibility criteria–four for Kenya, two for Uganda, and one for Tanzania; however, no eligible studies were found for Rwanda. The proportion of RTA-related injuries affecting the lower extremities ranged from 0.39 to 0.49. In patients presenting with LE injuries, RTAs were the most frequent cause, representing more than 70% of cases in the examined studies. Motorcycle accidents were not more likely to cause LE injuries, but they were the most significant contributor to the overall LE injury burden due to their prevalence. Conclusions: With urbanization and the increased adoption of low-cost motorcycles, RTAs will continue to pose a public health challenge. Investments in traffic enforcement and physical infrastructure will alleviate the risks to both motorists and pedestrians. In addition to primary prevention, there is a significant need for improvements in emergency care and surgical capacity.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135462533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.
{"title":"The art of healing in the era of emerging technologies: Back to the fundamentals of clinical medicine","authors":"Ruben Peralta","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"QScience.com is the innovative and collaborative, peer-reviewed, online publishing platform from Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press). It offers a fast and transparent Open Access scholarly publishing process, which is centered on the author, bringing their research to a global audience.","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135966155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.5339/jemtac.2023.midc.11
Sarah Jamal Kareem, B. Al-Ghurabi
{"title":"Regulatory Role of Human Neutrophil Peptides (HNP1-3) on Interleukin-6 Production in Early Childhood Caries","authors":"Sarah Jamal Kareem, B. Al-Ghurabi","doi":"10.5339/jemtac.2023.midc.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5339/jemtac.2023.midc.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77843450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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