Yearbook of medical informatics最新文献

Objectives: To review recent literature on health information exchange (HIE), focusing on the policy approach of five case study nations: the United States of America, the United Kingdom, Germany, Israel, and Portugal, as well as synthesize lessons learned across countries and provide recommendations for future research.

Methods: A narrative review of each nation's HIE policy frameworks, current state, and future HIE strategy.

Results: Key themes that emerged include the importance of both central decision-making as well as local innovation, the multiple and complex challenges of broad HIE adoption, and the varying role of HIE across different national health system structures.

Conclusion: HIE is an increasingly important capability and policy priority as electronic health record (EHR) adoption becomes more common and care delivery is increasingly digitized. While all five case study nations have adopted some level of HIE, there are significant differences across their level of data sharing infrastructure and maturity, and each nation took a different policy approach. While identifying generalizable strategies across disparate international systems is challenging, there are several common themes across successful HIE policy frameworks, such as the importance of central government prioritization of data sharing. Finally, we make several recommendations for future research to expand the breadth and depth of the literature on HIE and guide future decision-making by policymakers and practitioners.

Objectives: Despite growing enthusiasm surrounding the utility of clinical informatics to improve cancer outcomes, data availability remains a persistent bottleneck to progress. Difficulty combining data with protected health information often limits our ability to aggregate larger more representative datasets for analysis. With the rise of machine learning techniques that require increasing amounts of clinical data, these barriers have magnified. Here, we review recent efforts within clinical informatics to address issues related to safely sharing cancer data.

Methods: We carried out a narrative review of clinical informatics studies related to sharing protected health data within cancer studies published from 2018-2022, with a focus on domains such as decentralized analytics, homomorphic encryption, and common data models.

Results: Clinical informatics studies that investigated cancer data sharing were identified. A particular focus of the search yielded studies on decentralized analytics, homomorphic encryption, and common data models. Decentralized analytics has been prototyped across genomic, imaging, and clinical data with the most advances in diagnostic image analysis. Homomorphic encryption was most often employed on genomic data and less on imaging and clinical data. Common data models primarily involve clinical data from the electronic health record. Although all methods have robust research, there are limited studies showing wide scale implementation.

Conclusions: Decentralized analytics, homomorphic encryption, and common data models represent promising solutions to improve cancer data sharing. Promising results thus far have been limited to smaller settings. Future studies should be focused on evaluating the scalability and efficacy of these methods across clinical settings of varying resources and expertise.

Objectives: To analyse the content of publications within the medical Natural Language Processing (NLP) domain in 2022.

Methods: Automatic and manual preselection of publications to be reviewed, and selection of the best NLP papers of the year. Analysis of the important issues.

Results: Three best papers have been selected. We also propose an analysis of the content of the NLP publications in 2022, stressing on some of the topics.

Conclusion: The main trend in 2022 is certainly related to the availability of large language models, especially those based on Transformers, and to their use by non-NLP researchers. This leads to the democratization of the NLP methods. We also observe the renewal of interest to languages other than English, the continuation of research on information extraction and prediction, the massive use of data from social media, and the consideration of needs and interests of patients.

Objectives: To select, present, and summarize the best papers in 2022 for the Knowledge Representation and Management (KRM) section of the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook.

Methods: We conducted PubMed queries and followed the IMIA Yearbook guidelines for performing biomedical informatics literature review to select the best papers in KRM published in 2022.

Results: We retrieved 1,847 publications from PubMed. We nominated 15 candidate best papers, and two of them were finally selected as the best papers in the KRM section. The topics covered by the candidate papers include ontology and knowledge graph creation, ontology applications, ontology quality assurance, ontology mapping standard, and conceptual model.

Conclusions: In the KRM best paper selection for 2022, the candidate best papers encompassed a broad range of topics, with ontology and knowledge graph creation remaining a considerable research focus.

Objective: To give an overview of recent research and propose a selection of best papers published in 2022 in Informatics for One Health.

Methods: An extensive search using PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles published between December 2021 and December 2022, in order to find relevant publications in the 'Informatics for One Health' field. The selection process comprised three steps: (i) eight candidate best papers were first selected by the two section editors; (ii) external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams reviewed each candidate best paper; and (iii) the editorial committee of the Yearbook conducted the final best paper selection.

Results: The candidate best papers represent studies that characterized significant challenges facing Informatics for One Health. Other trends of interest related to the deployment of medical artificial intelligence tools and the implementation of the FAIR principles within the One Health broad scenario. In general, papers identified in the search fell into one of the following categories: 1) Health improvement via digital technology; 2) Climate change/Environment/Biodiversity; and 3) Maturity of healthcare services.

Conclusion: The topic turns extremely important in the next future for what concerns the need to understand complex interactions in order to safeguard the health of populations and ecosystems.

Objectives: To summarise contemporary knowledge in nursing informatics related to education, practice, governance and research in advancing One Health.

Methods: This descriptive study combined a theoretical and an empirical approach. Published literature on recent advancements and areas of interest in nursing informatics was explored. In addition, empirical data from International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Nursing Informatics (NI) society reports were extracted and categorised into key areas regarding needs, established activities, issues under development and items not current.

Results: A total of 1,772 references were identified through bibliographic database searches. After screening and assessment for eligibility, 146 articles were included in the review. Three topics were identified for each key area: 1) education: "building basic nursing informatics competence", "interdisciplinary and interprofessional competence" and "supporting educators competence"; 2) practice: "digital nursing and patient care", "evidence for timely issues in practice" and "patient-centred safe care"; 3) governance: "information systems in healthcare", "standardised documentation in clinical context" and "concepts and interoperability", and 4) research: "informatics literacy and competence", "leadership and management", and "electronic documentation of care". 17 reports from society members were included. The data showed overlap with the literature, but also highlighted needs for further work, including more strategies, methods and competence in nursing informatics to support One Health.

Conclusions: Considering the results of this study, from the literature nursing informatics would appear to have a significant contribution to make to One Health across settings. Future work is needed for international guidelines on roles and policies as well as knowledge sharing.

Objectives: To offer diverse but complementary perspectives on how biomedical and health informatics can be informed by and help to achieve the vision of One Health.

Methods: Overview of key considerations and critical discussion of common themes, barriers and opportunities, based on collaborative review by International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) working group members active in related fields.

Results: Health and care systems are complex sociotechnical systems that need explicit design and implementation strategies to align with the goals of One Health. The evidence-based health informatics paradigm and associated frameworks for evaluation of digital health technologies need to broaden their scope to take full account of the One Health approach. Informatics has specific contributions to make to One Health, for example by improved user experience reducing energy consumption and effective app design enhancing medication adherence.

Conclusions: One Health is inherently intertwined with ergonomic, sociotechnical and evaluation perspectives in biomedical and health informatics. Health is a planetary issue that requires interdisciplinary collaborative action. The theories and principles of biomedical and health informatics offer many opportunities to transform digital health technology to better serve the One Health agenda.

Objective: To provide guidance on the future development and role of medical informatics, or biomedical and health informatics, in form of reflections.

Method: To report on the author's previous activities as a medical informatician, which spans almost half a century. It began in 1973 when he started to study medical informatics. In 1978, more than four decades ago, his professional work started. He retired at the end of summer semester 2021. This was the occasion to prepare this farewell lecture.

Results: In twenty reflections, thoughts are presented on professional careers (R1 - 'places'), on medical informatics as discipline (R2 - 'interdisciplinarity', R3 - 'focuses', R4 - 'affiliations'), on research (R5 - 'duality', R6 - 'confluences', R7 - 'correlations', R8 - 'collaboration'), on education (R9 - 'community', R10 - 'competencies', R11 - 'approaches'), on academic self-governance (R12 - 'autonomy'), on engagement (R13 - 'Sisyphos', R14 - 'professional societies', R15 - 'respect', R16 - 'tightrope walk'), and on good scientific practice (R17 - 'time invariants', R18 - 'Zeitgeist', R19 - 'knowledge gain', R20 - 'exercising').

Conclusions: It has been a pleasure for me to participate in medical informatics activities for almost fifty years. During that time, there have been significant advances, including in medicine and in informatics, and also in medical informatics itself. And now it is the turn of others. While keeping in mind that tradition is not preserving the ashes, but passing on the fire, this report with its reflections may be of some help.

One Health is an important initiative to view the world in a more integrative sense of our health and environment. Digital Health provides essential support to all of us as healthcare professionals and customers. One Digital Health (ODH) combines both One Health and Digital Health to provide a technologically integrative view. ODH gives an essential place to the environment and ecosystems. Thus, health technologies and digital health must be "green" and eco-friendly as much as possible. We suggest in this position paper examples of developing and implementing ODH-related concepts, systems, and products with a respectful consideration of the environment. For humans and animals, developing cutting-edge technologies to improve wellness and healthcare is critical. Nevertheless, we can learn from One Health that digitalization and so One Digital Health must be built to implement green, eco-friendly, and responsible thinking.

Objective: This paper surveys a subset of the 2022 human and organizational factor (HOF) literature to provide guidance on building a One Digital Health ecosystem.

Methods: We searched a subset of journals in PubMed/Medline for studies with "human factors" or "organization" in the title or abstract. Papers published in 2022 were eligible for inclusion in the survey. Selected papers were categorized into structural and behavioural aspects to understand digital health enabled interactions across micro, meso, and macro systems.

Results: Our survey of the 2022 HOF literature showed that while we continue to make meaningful progress at digital health enabled interactions across systems levels, there are still challenges that must be overcome. For example, we must continue to grow the breadth of HOF research beyond individual users and systems to assist with the scale up of digital health systems across and beyond organizations. We summarize the findings by providing five HOF considerations to help build a One Digital Health ecosystem.

Conclusion: One Digital Health challenges us to improve coordination, communication, and collaboration between the health, environmental and veterinary sectors. Doing so requires us to develop both the structural and behavioural capacity of digital health systems at the organizational level and beyond so that we can develop more robust and integrated systems across health, environmental and veterinary sectors. The HOF community has much to offer and must play a leading role in designing a One Digital Health ecosystem.