Pub Date : 2018-06-24DOI: 10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4026.zaash
N. Shukla, Nikita S. Deoghare, Pranita A. Gulhane
Environmental pollution is the major threat confronting the world and the rampant use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can contribute to the deterioration of the environment. This illpractice can lead to loss of soil fertility which may have a huge impact on agricultural productivity. Vegetable wastes provide a good amount of nutrients for inhabiting microbes and thus can be a potential alternative for transforming into an organic biofertilizer. Therefore the present research work was undertaken to formulate the vegetable waste compost in association with microorganisms (Rhizobium spp., Azotobacter spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) and Spirulina that can act as a potential biofertilizer and its comparative assessment with synthetic fertilizer. The formulated compost mixtures were inoculated with variant combinations of organisms, Test Control and Control. These microbial cultures were combined with different combinations of vegetable wastes like corn and cabbage, cabbage and onion, corn and onion with soil which were utilized to formulate into a potential biofertilizer. It was observed that there was increase in shoot length (24.4cm) and root length (6.0cm) in the consortium treated plant in combination with corn+onion. The comparative assessment undertaken in the current study gave the major outcome that the formulated biofertilizer was better than the synthetic fertilizer and hence can serve as the potential substitute to the hazardous chemical or synthetic fertilizer. Towards the end the positive outcome substantiated that microbial biotechnology can be a powerful tool for the decomposition of kitchen waste into a value added material. KeywordsMicrobial Compost, Vegetable waste, Biofertilizer Corresponding Author :*
{"title":"Formulation of Vegetable Compost for Growth Enhancement of Vigna radiata – A Sustainable Approach towards Organic Farming","authors":"N. Shukla, Nikita S. Deoghare, Pranita A. Gulhane","doi":"10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4026.zaash","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4026.zaash","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution is the major threat confronting the world and the rampant use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides can contribute to the deterioration of the environment. This illpractice can lead to loss of soil fertility which may have a huge impact on agricultural productivity. Vegetable wastes provide a good amount of nutrients for inhabiting microbes and thus can be a potential alternative for transforming into an organic biofertilizer. Therefore the present research work was undertaken to formulate the vegetable waste compost in association with microorganisms (Rhizobium spp., Azotobacter spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) and Spirulina that can act as a potential biofertilizer and its comparative assessment with synthetic fertilizer. The formulated compost mixtures were inoculated with variant combinations of organisms, Test Control and Control. These microbial cultures were combined with different combinations of vegetable wastes like corn and cabbage, cabbage and onion, corn and onion with soil which were utilized to formulate into a potential biofertilizer. It was observed that there was increase in shoot length (24.4cm) and root length (6.0cm) in the consortium treated plant in combination with corn+onion. The comparative assessment undertaken in the current study gave the major outcome that the formulated biofertilizer was better than the synthetic fertilizer and hence can serve as the potential substitute to the hazardous chemical or synthetic fertilizer. Towards the end the positive outcome substantiated that microbial biotechnology can be a powerful tool for the decomposition of kitchen waste into a value added material. KeywordsMicrobial Compost, Vegetable waste, Biofertilizer Corresponding Author :*","PeriodicalId":400500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115366747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-21DOI: 10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4025.sn6qa
Ahmad Jawid Hikmat, D. Kumar, DR. Abdul Wahab Hekmat
The research work was conducted in the year 2017-2018 to study the “A study on disposal pattern and marketing of Saffron in Ghoryan district, Herat province of Afghanistan” The study was conducted with the objectives to find out the marketing system of saffron and marketing channels followed by the growers, producer’s share in consumer’s rupee in marketing costs and margin. For realizing the objectives of this study the researcher used interview schedule, distribute the questioner and interviews and focus discussions with the farmers, wholesalers, retailer with sample size 66 along with cooperative societies and private saffron processing companiese. The result showed that price spread was higher channel 1 followed by II, III and IV channel respectivly. Whereas producer’s share in consumer’s rupee and marketing efficiency was also higher in same trend. Saffron is plant which has volitle aroma and flavour. Hence the drying, packing, transportaion and storage cost from the place of orgin to the place of consuming also effects the marketing cost and margin.
{"title":"STUDY ON DISPOSAL PATTERN AND MARKETING OF SAFFRON IN GHORYAN DISTRICT, HERAT PROVINCE OF AFGHANISTAN","authors":"Ahmad Jawid Hikmat, D. Kumar, DR. Abdul Wahab Hekmat","doi":"10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4025.sn6qa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4025.sn6qa","url":null,"abstract":"The research work was conducted in the year 2017-2018 to study the “A study on disposal pattern and marketing of Saffron in Ghoryan district, Herat province of Afghanistan” The study was conducted with the objectives to find out the marketing system of saffron and marketing channels followed by the growers, producer’s share in consumer’s rupee in marketing costs and margin. For realizing the objectives of this study the researcher used interview schedule, distribute the questioner and interviews and focus discussions with the farmers, wholesalers, retailer with sample size 66 along with cooperative societies and private saffron processing companiese. The result showed that price spread was higher channel 1 followed by II, III and IV channel respectivly. Whereas producer’s share in consumer’s rupee and marketing efficiency was also higher in same trend. Saffron is plant which has volitle aroma and flavour. Hence the drying, packing, transportaion and storage cost from the place of orgin to the place of consuming also effects the marketing cost and margin.","PeriodicalId":400500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124008426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-17DOI: 10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4022.uldc5
Khidir Elmahadi, E. A. Elamin
This study was carried out at the Demonstration Farm, Agricultural Research Corporation, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan in 2014/2015 and 2015 /2016 seasons. The objective was to come up with a compost preparation procedure to improve the quality of the compost and hence crop productivity. Farm yard (FYM) and Chicken manures (CHM) were collected from the Top Farm and the Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, respectively and were mixed at a ratio of 10:1 (FYM:CHM) and moistened to 50% of its volume. The mixed material was divided and composted into four preparations; aerobic, forced aeration at the rate of 10 CFM, anaerobic (buried in 90cm auger holes) and vermin (1kg vermin/2kg organic matter). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). The composts prepared were sampled every month and analyzed for organic carbon (OC); nitrogen (N); phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Microbiological examinations were made every month. Compost maturation was reached by reduced volume, brown color and crumbly with earthy smell. It was observed that the best and appropriate time of opening compost was after three months. The results obtained showed that the best treatment was the aerobic, followed by forced aeration in the two seasons. The results illustrated that the bacteria population was significantly (P<0.05) different from the aerobic and the vermin treatments. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were significantly (P<0.05) different in the two seasons in the aerobic treatment compared with other treatments, whilst potassium and phosphorus were significantly (P<0.05) lower for the anaerobic treatment in the first season.
{"title":"COMPOSTING FARM YARD AND CHICKEN MANURES THROUH AEROBIC, ANAEROBIC, FORCED AERATION AND VERMEN PROCESESS","authors":"Khidir Elmahadi, E. A. Elamin","doi":"10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4022.uldc5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4022.uldc5","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out at the Demonstration Farm, Agricultural Research Corporation, Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan in 2014/2015 and 2015 /2016 seasons. The objective was to come up with a compost preparation procedure to improve the quality of the compost and hence crop productivity. Farm yard (FYM) and Chicken manures (CHM) were collected from the Top Farm and the Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, respectively and were mixed at a ratio of 10:1 (FYM:CHM) and moistened to 50% of its volume. The mixed material was divided and composted into four preparations; aerobic, forced aeration at the rate of 10 CFM, anaerobic (buried in 90cm auger holes) and vermin (1kg vermin/2kg organic matter). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD). The composts prepared were sampled every month and analyzed for organic carbon (OC); nitrogen (N); phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Microbiological examinations were made every month. Compost maturation was reached by reduced volume, brown color and crumbly with earthy smell. It was observed that the best and appropriate time of opening compost was after three months. The results obtained showed that the best treatment was the aerobic, followed by forced aeration in the two seasons. The results illustrated that the bacteria population was significantly (P<0.05) different from the aerobic and the vermin treatments. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were significantly (P<0.05) different in the two seasons in the aerobic treatment compared with other treatments, whilst potassium and phosphorus were significantly (P<0.05) lower for the anaerobic treatment in the first season.","PeriodicalId":400500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130115059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-17DOI: 10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4021.ofxto
{"title":"THE PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF SAFFRON, AND SWOT ANALYSIS OF EXPORT POTENTIALs IN GHORYAN DISTRICT, HERAT PROVINCE OF AFGHANISTAN","authors":"","doi":"10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4021.ofxto","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4021.ofxto","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":400500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126863951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-17DOI: 10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4023.ve6hr
P. Sudhakar, H. S.K, anumantharayappa, P. Rao, J. Kumar, V., Sivaprasad
Traditional paired row system of mulberry plantation raised in [(3’x2’)X5’] spacing accommodating 13,888 plants/hectare as low bush plantation resulted in practical problems viz. difficult to cultivate in limited water resource, prevents mechanization, inconvenient for cultural and intercultural operations, susceptible for drought stricken conditions, involves manpower drudgery and prevents silkworm rearing during summer period due to low and poor quality leaf production. Therefore, tree mulberry farming accommodating limited number of plants grown in wider spacing supplementing limited water, manure and fertilizer inputs with reduced manpower drudgery is gaining popularity among the Southern Tropical Zones. Keeping the above thrust area of research, efforts were made to develop suitable and sustainable tree mulberry farming technology for enhanced quality leaf production was attempted. It was noticed that tree mulberry raised in wider spacing (8’x3’) accommodating 4547 plants/ha yielded higher leaf (67,072kg/ha/yr) over the traditional paired row spacing [(3’x2’)x5’] with 13,888 plants/ha (60,144kg/ha/yr) followed by (8’x5’) spacing with 2728 plants/ha (51,174kg/ha/yr). However, 10’x10’ spacing with 1093 plants resulted in 70% reduction of leaf yield (21,084kg/ha/yr) indicating that economically not viable for the welfare and benefit of sericulturist. Other plant growth and leaf quality parameters also indicated the similar trend.
{"title":"“Tree mulberry- Sustainable and economically viable Sericultural farming for southern tropical zones”","authors":"P. Sudhakar, H. S.K, anumantharayappa, P. Rao, J. Kumar, V., Sivaprasad","doi":"10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4023.ve6hr","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22623/ijapsa.2018.4023.ve6hr","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional paired row system of mulberry plantation raised in [(3’x2’)X5’] spacing accommodating 13,888 plants/hectare as low bush plantation resulted in practical problems viz. difficult to cultivate in limited water resource, prevents mechanization, inconvenient for cultural and intercultural operations, susceptible for drought stricken conditions, involves manpower drudgery and prevents silkworm rearing during summer period due to low and poor quality leaf production. Therefore, tree mulberry farming accommodating limited number of plants grown in wider spacing supplementing limited water, manure and fertilizer inputs with reduced manpower drudgery is gaining popularity among the Southern Tropical Zones. Keeping the above thrust area of research, efforts were made to develop suitable and sustainable tree mulberry farming technology for enhanced quality leaf production was attempted. It was noticed that tree mulberry raised in wider spacing (8’x3’) accommodating 4547 plants/ha yielded higher leaf (67,072kg/ha/yr) over the traditional paired row spacing [(3’x2’)x5’] with 13,888 plants/ha (60,144kg/ha/yr) followed by (8’x5’) spacing with 2728 plants/ha (51,174kg/ha/yr). However, 10’x10’ spacing with 1093 plants resulted in 70% reduction of leaf yield (21,084kg/ha/yr) indicating that economically not viable for the welfare and benefit of sericulturist. Other plant growth and leaf quality parameters also indicated the similar trend.","PeriodicalId":400500,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126041613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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