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Sales organizations on the path of digitalization – A reflection from Germany, Finland and Austria 数字化道路上的销售组织——来自德国、芬兰和奥地利的反思
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.2.3
Margarethe Uberwimmer, Pia Hautamäki, Stefan Wengler, Robert Fureder
Companies are either proactively driving the digital transformation or are forced to digitalize by markets and ecosystems. In order to identify the status about the digital transformation of sales in practice and to get deeper knowledge about treated areas in sales and challenges on the path of digitalization, in-depth interviews of sales executives and managers of more than 50 internationally operating companies in three countries Germany, Finland and Austria were conducted in this research. The results show that one major goal for companies is to accelerate digitizing processes as digitalization helps to work more efficiently. Access to systems is necessary, hence investments in digitalization are seen as sustainable and absolutely essential for to serve B2B customers today. Digital tools lead to adaptions in the sales process as with support sales processes and sales management. Accelerated also by the COVID-19 crisis, face-to-face customer visits have been reduced even more and online meetings have increased as the speed of response has become more and more important. Finally, the necessary skill set of a sales force has to be adapted, which has to be further researched in the future, having support of higher education institutions being the order of the day. Companies have realized that a good sales pitch does not necessarily need to be in person, due to new virtual technologies.
企业要么主动推动数字化转型,要么被市场和生态系统所迫。为了确定销售数字化转型在实践中的现状,更深入地了解销售数字化转型的领域和面临的挑战,本研究对德国、芬兰和奥地利三个国家50多家国际运营公司的销售主管和经理进行了深度访谈。结果表明,企业的一个主要目标是加速数字化流程,因为数字化有助于提高工作效率。访问系统是必要的,因此对数字化的投资被视为可持续的,对于今天的B2B客户来说是绝对必要的。数字化工具在支持销售流程和销售管理的同时,促进了销售流程的调整。COVID-19危机也加速了面对面客户访问的减少,在线会议的增加,因为响应速度变得越来越重要。最后,必须适应销售人员的必要技能,这在未来必须进一步研究,获得高等教育机构的支持是当今的秩序。公司已经意识到,由于新的虚拟技术,一个好的推销不一定需要亲自到场。
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引用次数: 1
Educating future managers for a culturally diverse workspace: Using course as a living laboratory 为多元文化的工作环境培养未来的管理者:将课程作为一个活生生的实验室
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.2.4
Darko Pantelic, Peter Brandstaetter, Emilia Florin Samuelsson
Society is increasingly becoming multicultural, with more pressure to improve the quality of intercultural interactions. Higher education institutions are experiencing internationalization through increased mobility of students and faculty, which creates the need to manage diversity with the imperative of smoothing communication, reducing stress and making studying and working in a multicultural environment more efficient. Employers also dictate a need to educate culturally competent professionals, who are capable of succeeding in a globalized environment characterized by increased workforce mobility and international assignments. Intercultural competences discourse has a long track with researchers and practitioners, without any agreement on its definition or measurement, but with a clear message that cultural diversity will not result in increased intercultural competences. In this paper, intercultural competences are viewed as a transversal learning outcome, considering the increasing internationalization of higher education institutions. The research is qualitative in nature, based on the analysis of course evaluations and an open-ended survey. This study used a purposeful sample of current and former students who have been exposed to a diverse intercultural environment while studying at an international business school in Sweden. Based on the findings, a course design is suggested where exposure to cultural diversity is guided and facilitated by bringing students to collaborate in an assignment-driven context, with a culturally diverse group composition. Lecture-based components of the course are balanced with the addition of a component of self-reflection assignment, providing both culturally specific and general knowledge, thus contributing to the ability to extrapolate the experience on future intercultural encounters.
社会越来越趋向多元文化,提高跨文化互动质量的压力也越来越大。高等教育机构正在经历国际化,学生和教师的流动性增加,这就需要管理多样性,使沟通顺畅,减轻压力,使在多元文化环境中学习和工作更有效率。雇主还要求需要教育具有文化能力的专业人员,这些专业人员能够在以劳动力流动性增加和国际任务为特征的全球化环境中取得成功。研究人员和实践者对跨文化能力的讨论进行了很长时间的跟踪,对其定义或测量没有任何共识,但有一个明确的信息,即文化多样性不会导致跨文化能力的提高。在本文中,跨文化能力被视为一种横向学习成果,考虑到高等教育机构的日益国际化。这项研究本质上是定性的,基于对课程评价的分析和开放式调查。本研究使用了一个有目的的样本,这些学生在瑞典一所国际商学院学习期间接触了不同的跨文化环境。根据调查结果,建议课程设计,通过让学生在一个文化多样化的小组组成的任务驱动的背景下合作,引导和促进文化多样性的暴露。课程的授课部分与自我反思作业的组成部分相平衡,提供特定文化和一般知识,从而有助于推断未来跨文化接触经验的能力。
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引用次数: 1
Export resilience – A future key success factor for Upper Austrian B2B companies? 出口弹性-上奥地利B2B公司未来成功的关键因素?
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.2.5
Margarethe Uberwimmer, Harald Hammer, Jakob Vaboschek
Motivation: Seeing Upper Austrian B2B companies struggle in keeping up their export business intensity and simultaneously accelerating the usage of digital communication and export channels, creates the starting point for an Export Resilience study in Upper Austria, an export-oriented region. The main motivation for implementing a study in this particular field was the creation of a pool of current key findings, ring-fenced by clear managerial implications and recommendations, which respond to future export trends emerging out of the study. Findings: An online questionnaire was sent out to exporting B2B companies which was completed by 173 respondents. The data provides insights in triggers of export resilience, insight in future export channels and differences in the export strategy of Upper Austrian B2B companies. For example, the survey has shown that 52% of the participating businesses can be classified as being „immune” to external influences. Further insights are given according to the change of digital export tools, the form of meetings and AI based export tools. Conclusion: Consequently, the extent to which the implementation of the export resilience study stimulated the dialogue between the academic and business community led to managerial recommendations for Austrian B2B export companies.
动机:看到上奥地利州B2B公司努力保持其出口业务强度,同时加快数字通信和出口渠道的使用,为上奥地利州这个出口导向型地区的出口弹性研究创造了起点。在这一特定领域进行一项研究的主要动机是建立一个目前主要研究结果的资料库,以明确的管理影响和建议为基础,对研究中出现的未来出口趋势作出反应。调查结果:向出口B2B公司发送了一份在线问卷,共有173名受访者完成了问卷。这些数据为出口弹性的触发因素、未来出口渠道和上奥地利B2B公司出口战略的差异提供了见解。例如,调查显示,52%的参与企业可以被归类为对外部影响“免疫”。根据数字导出工具、会议形式和基于人工智能的导出工具的变化,给出了进一步的见解。结论:因此,出口弹性研究的实施刺激了学术界和企业界之间的对话,从而为奥地利B2B出口公司提出了管理建议。
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引用次数: 0
Marketing topics through academic posters: An avenue to student autonomy and active citizenship 通过学术海报营销主题:学生自主和积极公民的途径
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.2.2
Dagmar Sieglová
Since social and environmental challenges posed by the highly volatile, uncertain and complex world will mainly impact upon the young, schools need to instill in their graduates a set of critical-thinking, problem-solving, decision-making, strategy-building, and communication skills in order for students to be informed and engaged citizens. This paper postulates that in higher education institutions (HEIs), this can be achieved through fostering motivation and student autonomy. Academic posters are proposed as one of the relevant tools allowing educators to adopt an autonomy-supportive style of teaching that leads to enhanced independence, interest, and responsibility for social affairs. At their core, academic poster projects facilitate academic skills, including information processing, reading, writing, presenting, and defending ideas. Embracing in-depth research and enhanced social dialogue in lessons, they pinpoint leading ideas of the current young generation and as such can predict the topics of the future. Academic poster projects can be adopted in general subjects, as well as in language teaching, thus providing educators with a potent tool to achieve broad educational goals.
由于高度不稳定、不确定和复杂的世界所带来的社会和环境挑战将主要影响年轻人,学校需要向毕业生灌输一套批判性思维、解决问题、决策、战略制定和沟通技巧,以便学生成为知情和参与的公民。本文假设,在高等教育机构(HEIs),这可以通过培养动机和学生的自主权来实现。学术海报被认为是一种相关的工具,可以让教育者采用自主支持的教学方式,从而提高对社会事务的独立性、兴趣和责任。学术海报项目的核心是促进学术技能,包括信息处理、阅读、写作、展示和辩护思想。他们在课堂上进行深入的研究和加强社会对话,指出当前年轻一代的主要思想,因此可以预测未来的话题。学术海报项目既可用于一般学科,也可用于语文教学,从而为教育工作者提供了实现广泛教育目标的有力工具。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic information retrievement for exporting services: First project findings from the development of an AI based export decision supporting instrument 出口服务的自动信息检索:基于人工智能的出口决策支持工具开发的第一个项目发现
Pub Date : 2021-06-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.2.1
David Aufreiter, Doris Ehrlinger, Christian Stadlmann, Margarethe Uberwimmer, Anna Biedersberger, Christina Korter, Stefan Mang
On the servitization journey, manufacturing companies complement their offerings with new industrial and knowledge-based services, which causes challenges of uncertainty and risk. In addition to the required adjustment of internal factors, the international selling of services is a major challenge. This paper presents the initial results of an international research project aimed at assisting advanced manufacturers in making decisions about exporting their service offerings to foreign markets. In the frame of this project, a tool is developed to support managers in their service export decisions through the automated generation of market information based on Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. The paper presents a roadmap for progressing towards an Artificial Intelligence-based market information solution. It describes the research process steps of analyzing problem statements of relevant industry partners, selecting target countries and markets, defining parameters for the scope of the tool, classifying different service offerings and their components into categories and developing annotation scheme for generating reliable and focused training data for the Artificial Intelligence solution. This paper demonstrates good practices in essential steps and highlights common pitfalls to avoid for researcher and managers working on future research projects supported by Artificial Intelligence. In the end, the paper aims at contributing to support and motivate researcher and manager to discover AI application and research opportunities within the servitization field.
在服务化的过程中,制造企业用新的工业和知识服务来补充他们的产品,这带来了不确定性和风险的挑战。除了需要调整内部因素外,服务的国际销售也是一项重大挑战。本文介绍了一项国际研究项目的初步结果,该项目旨在帮助先进制造商决定向国外市场出口他们的服务产品。在这个项目的框架内,开发了一个工具,通过基于自然语言处理和机器学习的自动生成市场信息来支持管理人员的服务输出决策。本文提出了一个基于人工智能的市场信息解决方案的发展路线图。它描述了研究过程的步骤,分析相关行业合作伙伴的问题陈述,选择目标国家和市场,定义工具范围的参数,将不同的服务产品及其组件分类,并开发注释方案,为人工智能解决方案生成可靠和集中的训练数据。本文在基本步骤中展示了良好的实践,并强调了在人工智能支持的未来研究项目中工作的研究人员和管理人员要避免的常见陷阱。最后,本文旨在支持和激励研究人员和管理者在服务化领域发现人工智能的应用和研究机会。
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引用次数: 0
Spotrebiteľská gramotnosť a falšovanie medu. Časť II.
Pub Date : 2021-04-10 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.1.1
Frantisek Olsavsky
In the process of shopping behavior, consumer decisions are influenced by a wide range of factors as well as the decisions of the consumer himself. In this article, attention is paid to consumer literacy. It interacts in the range of psychographic factors of motivation, perception, learning, belief and attitudes to the extent that the consumer makes a conscious decision about the preferences of the product, its quality or brand. Cultivating consumer literacy enables the consumer to make informed choices. There are not only benefits on the site of the consumer, but also on the site of the producer, or even the whole industry. The aim of the paper is to identify the importance of consumer literacy in the purchase of bee honey in the context of its fraud. The article identifies unfair practices of honey fraud and devaluing its nutritional value. These are currently a common practice, reflected in the reduced quality of honey offered on the Slovak and world markets. The paper is based on the findings of a honey quality survey carried out by the Institute of Molecular Biology of the Slovak Academy of Science and the measures of the world organization of beekeeping associations Apimondia on honey fraud. Subsequently, measures are proposed to increase consumer literacy when buying bee honey.
在购物行为的过程中,消费者的决策受到多种因素的影响,同时也受到消费者自身决策的影响。在这篇文章中,我们关注的是消费者素养。它在动机、感知、学习、信仰和态度等心理因素的范围内相互作用,在某种程度上,消费者对产品、质量或品牌的偏好做出有意识的决定。培养消费者素养使消费者能够做出明智的选择。不仅对消费者的网站有好处,对生产者的网站,甚至对整个行业都有好处。本文的目的是确定在其欺诈的背景下购买蜜蜂蜂蜜的消费者素养的重要性。这篇文章指出了蜂蜜欺诈和贬低其营养价值的不公平做法。这是目前的一种普遍做法,反映在斯洛伐克和世界市场上提供的蜂蜜质量下降。这篇论文是基于斯洛伐克科学院分子生物学研究所进行的蜂蜜质量调查的结果和世界养蜂协会Apimondia组织对蜂蜜欺诈的措施。随后,提出了提高消费者购买蜜蜂蜂蜜知识的措施。
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引用次数: 0
Spotrebiteľská gramotnosť a falšovanie medu. Časť I.
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.46286/MSI.2020.15.4.5
Frantisek Olsavsky
In the process of shopping behavior, consumer decisions are influenced by a wide range of factors as well as the decisions of the consumer himself. In this article, attention is paid to consumer literacy. It interacts in the range of psychographic factors of motivation, perception, learning, belief and attitudes to the extent that the consumer makes a conscious decision about the preferences of the product, its quality or brand. Cultivating consumer literacy enables the consumer to make informed choices. There are not only benefts on the site of the consumer, but also on the site of the producer, or even the whole industry. The aim of the paper is to identify the importance of consumer literacy in the purchase of bee honey in the context of its fraud. The article identifes unfair practices of honey fraud and devaluing its nutritional value. These are currently a common practice, reflected in the reduced quality of honey offered on the Slovak and world markets. The paper is based on the fndings of a honey quality survey carried out by the Institute of Molecular Biology of the Slovak Academy of Science and the measures of the world organization of beekeeping associations Apimondia on honey fraud. Subsequently, measures are proposed to increase consumer literacy when buying bee honey.
在购物行为的过程中,消费者的决策受到多种因素的影响,同时也受到消费者自身决策的影响。在这篇文章中,我们关注的是消费者素养。它在动机、感知、学习、信仰和态度等心理因素的范围内相互作用,在某种程度上,消费者对产品、质量或品牌的偏好做出有意识的决定。培养消费者素养使消费者能够做出明智的选择。不仅对消费者的网站有好处,而且对生产者的网站,甚至整个行业都有好处。本文的目的是确定在其欺诈的背景下购买蜜蜂蜂蜜的消费者素养的重要性。这篇文章指出了蜂蜜欺诈和贬低其营养价值的不公平做法。这是目前的一种普遍做法,反映在斯洛伐克和世界市场上提供的蜂蜜质量下降。这篇论文是基于斯洛伐克科学院分子生物学研究所进行的蜂蜜质量调查的结果和世界养蜂协会Apimondia组织对蜂蜜欺诈的措施。随后,提出了提高消费者购买蜜蜂蜂蜜知识的措施。
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引用次数: 0
The corona crisis as a catalyst for the digital transformation in the sanitary trade? 冠状病毒危机是卫生行业数字化转型的催化剂?
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.46286/MSI.2020.15.4.1
M. Diedrich, Mark Peplinski
The term Work 4.0 is connected with the discussion about the fourth industrial revolution, but focuses on modes of working conditions – not only in the industrial sector but also in the entire working world. The digital transformation is leading to profound changes in business models, organizations and work design. The working world of the future will be more digital, flexible and networked. The corona crisis has shifted the framework conditions with regard to communication both within the company and with customers. Many companies are becoming aware that too little money and time has been invested in digital infrastructure. The aim of this essay is to fnd out to what extent the corona crisis serves as a catalyst for the digital transformation in the specialist sanitary trade. The study carried out for this purpose leads to the result that the use of video conferences and home offces have increased and will also be used more frequently in the future. In contrast, the use of targeted multi-channel measures in the form of virtual showrooms is on the decline.
“工作4.0”一词与第四次工业革命的讨论有关,但它关注的是工作条件的模式——不仅在工业部门,而且在整个工作世界。数字化转型正在导致商业模式、组织和工作设计发生深刻变化。未来的工作世界将更加数字化、灵活和网络化。新冠疫情改变了公司内部和与客户沟通的框架条件。许多公司开始意识到,在数字基础设施上投入的资金和时间太少。本文的目的是找出冠状病毒危机在多大程度上成为专业卫生贸易数字化转型的催化剂。为此目的进行的研究的结果是,使用视像会议和家庭办公室的情况有所增加,今后也将更频繁地加以使用。相比之下,以虚拟展厅的形式使用有针对性的多渠道措施正在减少。
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引用次数: 0
Consumers´ perception of sustainable retailers 消费者对可持续零售商的看法
Pub Date : 2020-12-20 DOI: 10.46286/MSI.2020.15.4.2
Eva Jaderná, Hana Volfová
Sustainability is a long-term retail trend in many forms. Retailers offer sustainable products, defne strategy of corporate social responsibility, behave sustainable, social responsible in their everyday activities, and help with the environmental education. The paper aims to describe the perception of sustainable concepts in retail by the Czech consumers. A small enterprise, based on sustainable principles, will be introduced as a best practice in retail. Consumers tend to interest in sustainable companies. But, is their confdence and money saving more than sustainable purchasing? Afterwards, the results of a marketing research will be presented and will show the perception of sustainable retailers (zero waste stores) in the Czech Republic. A survey was organized and data from 997 respondents were interpreted. The results describe the differences between respondents in different age, gender, incomes, region of stay, or job. Zero waste stores, or other zero waste concepts are sustainable in their nature. Therefore, the interest in zero waste stores was observed, and interpreted in this paper. Recommendations are focused generally on zero waste principles in retail.
可持续性是多种形式的长期零售趋势。零售商提供可持续产品,制定企业社会责任战略,在日常活动中表现出可持续的社会责任感,并帮助进行环境教育。本文旨在描述捷克消费者对零售中可持续概念的看法。基于可持续原则的小型企业将作为零售业的最佳实践引入。消费者倾向于对可持续发展的公司感兴趣。但是,他们的信心和省钱比可持续采购更重要吗?之后,营销研究的结果将被提出,并将显示可持续零售商(零废物商店)在捷克共和国的看法。组织了一项调查,并对997名受访者的数据进行了解释。调查结果描述了不同年龄、性别、收入、居住地区或工作的受访者之间的差异。零废物仓库或其他零废物概念本质上是可持续的。因此,对零废物储存的兴趣被观察到,并在本文中解释。建议主要集中在零售业的零浪费原则上。
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引用次数: 1
Certified product buying preferences under the influence of COVID-19 受COVID-19影响的认证产品购买偏好
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.46286/msi.2021.16.1.6
Eva Jaderná, Vasilii Ostin
Sustainability products became a “new normal” for the nowadays society. Different aspects of government, economical and socio-cultural issues affect the sustainability certificate perception by final consumers. The aim of this paper is to consider findings from marketing research and analyze the outputs. The survey monitored green behavior by the Czech consumers in time. The reason and motivation of this analysis was the academic interest in Czech buying behavior modification, caused by pandemic COVID-19. Sustainability products contribute different specifics related to the way of production, processing, and selling. All mentioned aspects reflect the final consumer buying decision which can fluctuate under the worldwide and local impacts.
可持续性产品成为当今社会的“新常态”。政府、经济和社会文化问题的不同方面影响着最终消费者对可持续性证书的看法。本文的目的是考虑从市场研究的结果和分析输出。该调查及时监测了捷克消费者的环保行为。这一分析的原因和动机是学术界对COVID-19大流行引起的捷克购买行为改变的兴趣。可持续性产品提供了与生产、加工和销售方式相关的不同细节。上述所有方面都反映了消费者最终的购买决定,在全球和当地的影响下,这一决定可能会波动。
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引用次数: 1
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