In the period between the years 77 and 81 CE, during the Principate of Titus, some catastrophic events occurred in the Roman Empire. Sources report: the eruption of Vesuvius, 79 CE, a devastating fire in the city of Rome, which alone caused the destruction of a large part of sacred and public buildings, and an epidemic, best known as the Titus’ plague. This would have occurred between the year 77 and the year 80 CE, perhaps over a period including more than a year. It is not entirely clear whether it was limited to the territory of the city of Rome or spread to other regions. Cassius Dio [2], Suetonius [3] and Jerome [4,5] and Baronius [6] placed the origin of the epidemic in the city of Rome. The relevance of the epidemic may have been very large, with a mortality rate of over 10,000 units per day [3-5]. This research investigated the causes of the epidemic, exploiting the philological analysis of the sources and by inferential statistics. Based on the information obtained from the sources, the identikit of the disease that could have been responsible for the epidemic was created. The information reported in the sources were considered as independent variables and some possible diseases as dependent variables, in a multiple regression test. Results show the influenza virus group as the most probable candidate for the genesis of the epidemic episode, with a test significance of F 7.6; P < .002. The historical news reported in the sources, with reference to the massive importation, killing and consumption of an impressive number of wild animals, including cranes, on the inauguration of the Flavian amphitheater (Colosseum), which took place in the year 80, also suggest the possible emergence of a lineage of H5N1 virus, commonly named avian flu, as a very likely etiological agent of the Titus' plague, with an even greater statistical significance: F 23.33; P < .001.
{"title":"Titus’ Plague, Hypotheses on its Origin and Causes: A Consilience Study","authors":"","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2300101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2300101","url":null,"abstract":"In the period between the years 77 and 81 CE, during the Principate of Titus, some catastrophic events occurred in the Roman Empire. Sources report: the eruption of Vesuvius, 79 CE, a devastating fire in the city of Rome, which alone caused the destruction of a large part of sacred and public buildings, and an epidemic, best known as the Titus’ plague. This would have occurred between the year 77 and the year 80 CE, perhaps over a period including more than a year. It is not entirely clear whether it was limited to the territory of the city of Rome or spread to other regions. Cassius Dio [2], Suetonius [3] and Jerome [4,5] and Baronius [6] placed the origin of the epidemic in the city of Rome. The relevance of the epidemic may have been very large, with a mortality rate of over 10,000 units per day [3-5]. This research investigated the causes of the epidemic, exploiting the philological analysis of the sources and by inferential statistics. Based on the information obtained from the sources, the identikit of the disease that could have been responsible for the epidemic was created. The information reported in the sources were considered as independent variables and some possible diseases as dependent variables, in a multiple regression test. Results show the influenza virus group as the most probable candidate for the genesis of the epidemic episode, with a test significance of F 7.6; P < .002. The historical news reported in the sources, with reference to the massive importation, killing and consumption of an impressive number of wild animals, including cranes, on the inauguration of the Flavian amphitheater (Colosseum), which took place in the year 80, also suggest the possible emergence of a lineage of H5N1 virus, commonly named avian flu, as a very likely etiological agent of the Titus' plague, with an even greater statistical significance: F 23.33; P < .001.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128601352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.20944/preprints202210.0361.v1
Currently SARS-CoV-2 is spreading around the world as an Omicron strain. Recently, the Omicron variants (BQ.1 and BQ.1.1) were identified as novel Variants of Concern. UpToDate, there is little information about the Omicron Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1. The widely altered Omicron variants are spread globally, providing a high risk of infection surges with devastating consequences in some areas. The Omicron type of SARS-CoV-2 has a harm risk of reinfection, according to early reported findings. COVID-19 Variants particularly, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 have gained global attention and caused a worldwide sensation since their discovery. Therefore, this communication discusses the present status of COVID-19 Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1, and their consequences.
{"title":"What learned from Omicron Sub-Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1","authors":"","doi":"10.20944/preprints202210.0361.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202210.0361.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Currently SARS-CoV-2 is spreading around the world as an Omicron strain. Recently, the Omicron variants (BQ.1 and BQ.1.1) were identified as novel Variants of Concern. UpToDate, there is little information about the Omicron Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1. The widely altered Omicron variants are spread globally, providing a high risk of infection surges with devastating consequences in some areas. The Omicron type of SARS-CoV-2 has a harm risk of reinfection, according to early reported findings. COVID-19 Variants particularly, BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 have gained global attention and caused a worldwide sensation since their discovery. Therefore, this communication discusses the present status of COVID-19 Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1, and their consequences.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126620006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rabies is a fatal viral disease affecting warm-blooded mammals (bats, carnivores, and ruminants) and even humans. The virus is usually transmitted between humans or other animals through the bite of infected animals. However, there are unusual ways to share the virus, such as organ transplants. Rabies has been known in the ancient world since about 2300 BC. Dogs were commonly known as the leading carriers of the disease. There were strange methods that were sometimes mixed with superstition and thought to treat or prevent rabies effectively. In ancient Iran, rabies was endemic. Scientists such as Avicenna (Ibn Sina, 980-1037 AD), Rhazes (Abu Bakr Al-Razi, 964-864 AD), Al-Biruni (970-1050 AD), Jorjani (1042-1136 AD), and Akhawyni Bokhari (913-971 AD) have described rabies, transmission, and treatment methods. This study aimed to present the development history of treatment methods against rabies based on ancient Iran's culture, civilization, and knowledge and examine its progress and development of practical skills against rabies.
狂犬病是一种致命的病毒性疾病，影响温血哺乳动物(蝙蝠、食肉动物和反刍动物)，甚至人类。这种病毒通常通过被感染动物的咬伤在人类或其他动物之间传播。然而，有一些不寻常的方式可以传播病毒，比如器官移植。早在公元前2300年，狂犬病就在古代被发现。狗通常被认为是这种疾病的主要携带者。有一些奇怪的方法，有时夹杂着迷信和认为可以有效地治疗或预防狂犬病。在古代伊朗，狂犬病是一种地方病。阿维森纳(Ibn Sina，公元980-1037年)、Rhazes (Abu Bakr Al-Razi，公元964-864年)、Al-Biruni(公元970-1050年)、Jorjani(公元1042-1136年)和Akhawyni Bokhari(公元913-971年)等科学家描述了狂犬病、传播和治疗方法。本研究旨在以古伊朗的文化、文明和知识为基础，展示其狂犬病治疗方法的发展历史，并考察其狂犬病实用技术的进步和发展。
{"title":"A Review of Rabies Treatment Methods in Ancient Iran","authors":"","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200111","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a fatal viral disease affecting warm-blooded mammals (bats, carnivores, and ruminants) and even humans. The virus is usually transmitted between humans or other animals through the bite of infected animals. However, there are unusual ways to share the virus, such as organ transplants. Rabies has been known in the ancient world since about 2300 BC. Dogs were commonly known as the leading carriers of the disease. There were strange methods that were sometimes mixed with superstition and thought to treat or prevent rabies effectively. In ancient Iran, rabies was endemic. Scientists such as Avicenna (Ibn Sina, 980-1037 AD), Rhazes (Abu Bakr Al-Razi, 964-864 AD), Al-Biruni (970-1050 AD), Jorjani (1042-1136 AD), and Akhawyni Bokhari (913-971 AD) have described rabies, transmission, and treatment methods. This study aimed to present the development history of treatment methods against rabies based on ancient Iran's culture, civilization, and knowledge and examine its progress and development of practical skills against rabies.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128606028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Myopericarditis and COVID-19 Vaccination","authors":"Mana Rao","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128919998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julius Caesar Germanicus died on Oct. 10th 19 C.E., in Epidaphne near Antioch of Syria, under mysterious circumstances, after days of unexplained suffering [1, 2, 3], at the age of 33 (uncertain 34), under the reign of Tiberius. He himself invoked poisoning while some historians lean towards a disease. The case, whose circumstances are controversial both from a political and a medical point of view, remains, even today, difficult to explain and represents a real historical enigma.
{"title":"The Death of Germanicus: Disease or Murder?","authors":"G. Meledandri","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200107","url":null,"abstract":"Julius Caesar Germanicus died on Oct. 10th 19 C.E., in Epidaphne near Antioch of Syria, under mysterious circumstances, after days of unexplained suffering [1, 2, 3], at the age of 33 (uncertain 34), under the reign of Tiberius. He himself invoked poisoning while some historians lean towards a disease. The case, whose circumstances are controversial both from a political and a medical point of view, remains, even today, difficult to explain and represents a real historical enigma.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127574149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by a chronic relapsing course that is able to impact negatively a patient's quality of life. Diverse triggering factors can lead to psoriasis exacerbation, including vaccination, as the most common vaccine associated with psoriasis exacerbation is the vaccine against influenza. Psoriasis exacerbation has also been reported after the Pfizer and Corona Vac vaccine. Nowadays, the world scientific community agrees that vaccine is the most promising weapon against the COVID-19 infection and severity. Despite the fact that 272 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus are in progress, only four of these, have been approved and subsequently distributed worldwide for use, are based on innovative procedures and are quite different from each other in terms of composition. Clinical professionals, such as dermatologists may be unfamiliar with the effects of those vaccines, however, there is the strong need for them to understand the critical role of vaccines, with a focus on the necessity to vaccinate individuals suffering from immune-mediated skin diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis patients have shown morphologic alterations from chronic plaque-type to guttate psoriasis after their vaccination, however, the exact mechanism of psoriasis exacerbation remains unclear. It is possible that Th17 cells induced by COVID-19 vaccines may play a critical role. In the current pandemic situation, psoriasis patients who do not have contraindications to vaccination should benefit from COVID-19 vaccines in the prevention of severe COVID-19 infection and fatality. The present review presents the possible implication of COVID-19 vaccination in psoriasis patients. Keywords: COVID 19; Dermatology; Exacerbations; Psoriasis; Vaccine
{"title":"Possible Triggering Effect of COVID - 19 Vaccination in Psoriasis Patients -An Essential Review","authors":"N. Chrysanthakopoulos","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200109","url":null,"abstract":"Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition characterized by a chronic relapsing course that is able to impact negatively a patient's quality of life. Diverse triggering factors can lead to psoriasis exacerbation, including vaccination, as the most common vaccine associated with psoriasis exacerbation is the vaccine against influenza. Psoriasis exacerbation has also been reported after the Pfizer and Corona Vac vaccine. Nowadays, the world scientific community agrees that vaccine is the most promising weapon against the COVID-19 infection and severity. Despite the fact that 272 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus are in progress, only four of these, have been approved and subsequently distributed worldwide for use, are based on innovative procedures and are quite different from each other in terms of composition. Clinical professionals, such as dermatologists may be unfamiliar with the effects of those vaccines, however, there is the strong need for them to understand the critical role of vaccines, with a focus on the necessity to vaccinate individuals suffering from immune-mediated skin diseases, such as psoriasis. Psoriasis patients have shown morphologic alterations from chronic plaque-type to guttate psoriasis after their vaccination, however, the exact mechanism of psoriasis exacerbation remains unclear. It is possible that Th17 cells induced by COVID-19 vaccines may play a critical role. In the current pandemic situation, psoriasis patients who do not have contraindications to vaccination should benefit from COVID-19 vaccines in the prevention of severe COVID-19 infection and fatality. The present review presents the possible implication of COVID-19 vaccination in psoriasis patients. Keywords: COVID 19; Dermatology; Exacerbations; Psoriasis; Vaccine","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126295402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Rare cardiac adverse events are reported post vaccinations. For the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccines, higher numbers of these cardiac adverse events are being reported with myocarditis disproportionately occurring in younger males. The etiology of these cardiac adverse events associated with vaccines including SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. The etiology of the higher frequency of these cardiac adverse events temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccines is also unknown. Aim: Data mine vaccine associated cardiac adverse events to gain insights into COVID-19 mRNA associated myocarditis and pericarditis adverse events. Methods: All adverse events, with a focus on cardiac adverse events, were summarized from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for all vaccines from 1990 to April 1, 2022. Results: Analogous patterns of cardiac adverse events were observed for multiple unrelated vaccines with occurrences proportional to vaccine reactogenicity level defined all adverse events. This article proposes the hypothesis that innate immune responses to vaccines cause elevated histamine levels post vaccination; the histamine level reached may exceed the vaccinees’ histamine tolerance level for several days, with the histamine level likely correlating with the vaccine reactogenicity level. Further, it is proposed that the elevated histamine level is causative for the reported cardiac adverse events. For myocarditis and pericarditis reported adverse events, the elevated histamine levels may induce cardiac capillary pericyte vasoconstrictions followed by localized ischemia and anoxia; this is followed by the release of troponin from myocyte cells affected by anoxia. This hypothesis is supported by the temporal onset timing of adverse events reported following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccinations in VAERS. Conclusion: Onset of cardiac adverse events immediately following vaccinations for multiple unrelated vaccines may implicate elevated histamine levels from immune responses as causative for these adverse events. Relevance for patients. An etiology model for cardiac adverse events temporally associated with vaccination is proposed. If validated, this model identifies possible candidate treatments for evaluation with the potential to reduce the severity and frequencies of these cardiac adverse events for vaccinees.
{"title":"Vaccines Associated Cardiac Adverse Events, Including SARS-Cov-2 Myocarditis, Elevated Histamine Etiology Hypothesis","authors":"D. Ricke","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rare cardiac adverse events are reported post vaccinations. For the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccines, higher numbers of these cardiac adverse events are being reported with myocarditis disproportionately occurring in younger males. The etiology of these cardiac adverse events associated with vaccines including SARS-CoV-2 is unknown. The etiology of the higher frequency of these cardiac adverse events temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccines is also unknown. Aim: Data mine vaccine associated cardiac adverse events to gain insights into COVID-19 mRNA associated myocarditis and pericarditis adverse events. Methods: All adverse events, with a focus on cardiac adverse events, were summarized from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) for all vaccines from 1990 to April 1, 2022. Results: Analogous patterns of cardiac adverse events were observed for multiple unrelated vaccines with occurrences proportional to vaccine reactogenicity level defined all adverse events. This article proposes the hypothesis that innate immune responses to vaccines cause elevated histamine levels post vaccination; the histamine level reached may exceed the vaccinees’ histamine tolerance level for several days, with the histamine level likely correlating with the vaccine reactogenicity level. Further, it is proposed that the elevated histamine level is causative for the reported cardiac adverse events. For myocarditis and pericarditis reported adverse events, the elevated histamine levels may induce cardiac capillary pericyte vasoconstrictions followed by localized ischemia and anoxia; this is followed by the release of troponin from myocyte cells affected by anoxia. This hypothesis is supported by the temporal onset timing of adverse events reported following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Spike vaccinations in VAERS. Conclusion: Onset of cardiac adverse events immediately following vaccinations for multiple unrelated vaccines may implicate elevated histamine levels from immune responses as causative for these adverse events. Relevance for patients. An etiology model for cardiac adverse events temporally associated with vaccination is proposed. If validated, this model identifies possible candidate treatments for evaluation with the potential to reduce the severity and frequencies of these cardiac adverse events for vaccinees.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130571466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2 are two of the world's most hazardous diseases. Treatments that target the enzyme or protein could be more successful and efficient. In this study, iminoguanidine derivatives were treated to a combination of five [5] computational assessments in the: 2D-QSAR, homology modeling, docking simulation, ADMET evaluation, and molecular dynamics simulations [MDs simulations]. A dataset of 25 iminoguanidine compounds was used in the QSAR analysis, giving a statistically robust and highly predictive model. The created model has been thoroughly validated and meets various statistical parameter thresholds. The interactions between Chloroquine and Azithromycin, a potentially and commonly used antimalarial and antibacterial medication, and the postulated iminoguanidine derivatives with the SARS-CoV-2 main nucleocapsid phosphoprotein were investigated using the docking simulation. The docking data demonstrate that the novel compound 18 has a high level of stability in the SARS-CoV-2 active site as well as a high binding affinity for the heme oxygenase receptor. The rules of five, rule of two, toxicity, and metabolism were used to screen these compounds for suitable fragments and pharmacological properties. Predictions of pharmacological properties suggested that compound 18 could be a promising therapeutic candidate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"A 2D-QSAR, Homology Modeling, Docking, ADMET, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations Studies for Assessment of a Novel SARS-Cov-2 and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Inhibitors","authors":"Emmanuel Israel Edache","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200106","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2 are two of the world's most hazardous diseases. Treatments that target the enzyme or protein could be more successful and efficient. In this study, iminoguanidine derivatives were treated to a combination of five [5] computational assessments in the: 2D-QSAR, homology modeling, docking simulation, ADMET evaluation, and molecular dynamics simulations [MDs simulations]. A dataset of 25 iminoguanidine compounds was used in the QSAR analysis, giving a statistically robust and highly predictive model. The created model has been thoroughly validated and meets various statistical parameter thresholds. The interactions between Chloroquine and Azithromycin, a potentially and commonly used antimalarial and antibacterial medication, and the postulated iminoguanidine derivatives with the SARS-CoV-2 main nucleocapsid phosphoprotein were investigated using the docking simulation. The docking data demonstrate that the novel compound 18 has a high level of stability in the SARS-CoV-2 active site as well as a high binding affinity for the heme oxygenase receptor. The rules of five, rule of two, toxicity, and metabolism were used to screen these compounds for suitable fragments and pharmacological properties. Predictions of pharmacological properties suggested that compound 18 could be a promising therapeutic candidate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and SARS-CoV-2.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114413278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
When all members of society have a fair and equal opportunity to be as healthy as possible, this is known as health equality. Health equality can be achieved by focusing public health policies and services on the individual needs of communities. It is an important concern on global public health. The concern on this issue is also raised during the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemic of COVID-19 has brought social and racial injustice and disparity to the foreground of public health. It has demonstrated that health equality is still a work in progress, as COVID-19 has disproportionately affected numerous racial and ethnic minority groups, putting them at greater risk of becoming ill and dying as a result of the virus. People of different skin color from a wide range of backgrounds and experiences are included in the term "racial and ethnic minority groups. Many persons in these groups have had negative experiences, and some social determinants of health have long been overlooked.
{"title":"Health Equality as Global Public Health Concern in the Current COVID-19 Pandemic Situation","authors":"V. Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200104","url":null,"abstract":"When all members of society have a fair and equal opportunity to be as healthy as possible, this is known as health equality. Health equality can be achieved by focusing public health policies and services on the individual needs of communities. It is an important concern on global public health. The concern on this issue is also raised during the COVID-19 pandemic. The epidemic of COVID-19 has brought social and racial injustice and disparity to the foreground of public health. It has demonstrated that health equality is still a work in progress, as COVID-19 has disproportionately affected numerous racial and ethnic minority groups, putting them at greater risk of becoming ill and dying as a result of the virus. People of different skin color from a wide range of backgrounds and experiences are included in the term \"racial and ethnic minority groups. Many persons in these groups have had negative experiences, and some social determinants of health have long been overlooked.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115175559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present report, Asterias rubens Fc DNA Sequence was analysed from its transcriptome in bioinformatics; Identities occurred with other sea stars such as Patiria miniata and specially with mammals’ proteins. Identities with Fc receptor mammal IGE was found.
本文从生物信息学的角度分析了红尾Asterias rubens Fc DNA序列;与其他海星(如Patiria miniata)，尤其是哺乳动物的蛋白质，都有相同的特征。发现与Fc受体哺乳动物IGE同源。
{"title":"The Fc Receptor Gene Asterias Rubens: Bioinformatic Data","authors":"M. Leclerc","doi":"10.54289/jvvd2200105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54289/jvvd2200105","url":null,"abstract":"In the present report, Asterias rubens Fc DNA Sequence was analysed from its transcriptome in bioinformatics; Identities occurred with other sea stars such as Patiria miniata and specially with mammals’ proteins. Identities with Fc receptor mammal IGE was found.","PeriodicalId":403297,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Virology and Viral Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131082020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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