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MODELING OF A VENTILATED CAVITY BEHIND A STREAMLINED BODY 流线型车身后通风腔的建模
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.09
G. Voropaiev, V. I. Korobov, N. Dimitrieva
The results of physical and numerical modeling of a ventilated air cavity behind a streamlined body are presented. The results of laboratory experiments to determine the amount of gas flowing from the ventilated cavity are presented. It is formed behind the cavitator depending on a number of geometric and dynamic parameters. Numerical simulation of non-stationary 3D two-phase flow was performed on the basis of open source software OpenFOAM. The influence of gas blowing parameters on the formation of an air cavity, size, shape and stability has been investigated. Good qualitative agreement with experimental data was obtained. It is shown that the thickness of the ventilated cavity is determined by the diameter of the cavitator regardless of the diameter of the blow hole, and the increase in velocity or gas flow rate has a positive effect on the length and stability of the formed cavity.
给出了流线型体后通风空腔的物理和数值模拟结果。给出了室内测定通风腔内气体流量的实验结果。它是在空化器后面形成的,取决于一些几何和动态参数。基于开源软件OpenFOAM对非平稳三维两相流进行了数值模拟。研究了吹气参数对空腔形成、尺寸、形状和稳定性的影响。定性分析结果与实验数据吻合良好。结果表明,与吹孔直径无关,通风空腔的厚度由空化器的直径决定,速度或气体流量的增加对形成空腔的长度和稳定性有积极的影响。
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引用次数: 0
HYDRAULIC MODELS IN THE PROBLEMS OF THERMAL POWER PLANT AUXILIARY ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT 水工模型在火电厂辅助能源效率提高中的问题
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.04
V. Vanin, M. Kruhol
The work is devoted to the study of thermal power plants auxiliary energy efficiency. The main mechanisms in the auxiliary systems are centrifugal mechanisms that work in complex hydraulic networks with variable productivity. The main ways to adjust the parameters of the centrifugal mechanisms are to change the speed of rotor rotation, change the guide vane angle and throttle. The operation mode of a complex hydraulic network which includes a group of centrifugal mechanisms with a mixed connection scheme is analyzed. The system of equations which characterize the hydraulic system has been obtained on the basis of Kirchhoff's laws. The centrifugal mechanisms' operating characteristics are given by approximation dependences obtained with the method of least squares and similarity laws. To analyze efficiency of different methods of centrifugal mechanisms parameters regulation, optimal control problems were set and solved. The constraints for the problems are a system of equations that describe the hydraulic system operation and technical constraints that depend on the control method. Through solving the problems, values of the optimal parameters and weighted average efficiency of the group mechanisms were obtained. Studies have shown that the most effective way to regulate the centrifugal mechanisms parameters is to use an individual frequency drive, the least effective is to use only changing angle of centrifugal mechanism's guide vane. Utilization of group control is highly efficient and not inferior to individual frequency drive. However, this statement is correct under condition of the operating characteristics agreement with the centrifugal mechanisms’ operating modes similarity.
本文致力于火电厂辅助能源效率的研究。辅助系统的主要机构是离心机构,它在复杂的水力网络中工作,具有可变的生产率。调整离心机构参数的主要方法是改变转子转速、改变导叶角度和节流阀。分析了采用混合连接方案的一组离心机构组成的复杂液压网络的运行方式。根据基尔霍夫定律,得到了表征液压系统的方程组。利用最小二乘法和相似律求得离心机构的近似依赖关系,给出了离心机构的工作特性。为分析不同离心机构参数调节方法的效率,设置并求解了最优控制问题。问题的约束条件是描述液压系统运行的方程组和依赖于控制方法的技术约束条件。通过求解,得到了群机构的最优参数值和加权平均效率。研究表明,对离心机构参数进行调节最有效的方法是采用单独的频率驱动,而最不有效的方法是仅采用离心机构导叶角度变化的方法。利用群体控制是高效率的,并不亚于个体频率驱动。但是,在离心机构的工作特性与离心机构的工作模式相似的情况下,这种说法是正确的。
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引用次数: 0
PARTICULARS OF A WAVE FIELD IN A SEMI-INFINITE WAVEGUIDE WITH MIXED BOUNDARY CONDITIONS AT ITS EDGE 边缘有混合边界条件的半无限波导中波场的特性
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.13
N. Gorodetskaya, I. Starovoit, T. Shcherbak
The work is devoted to the analysis of the wave field, which is excited by the reflection of the first normal propagation Rayleigh-Lamb wave from the edge of an elastic semi-infinite strip, part of which is rigidly clamped, and part is free from stresses. The boundary value problem belongs to the class of mixed boundary value problems, the characteristic feature of which is the presence of a local feature of stresses at the point of change of the type of boundary conditions. To solve this boundary value problem, the paper proposes a method of superposition, which allows to take into account the feature of stresses due to the asymptotic properties of the unknown coefficients. Asymptotic dependences for coefficients are determined by the nature of the feature, which is known from the solution of the static problem. The criterion for the correctness of the obtained results was the control of the accuracy of the law of conservation of energy, the error of which did not exceed 2% of the energy of the incident wave for the entire considered frequency range. The paper evaluates the accuracy of the boundary conditions. It is shown that the boundary conditions are fulfilled with graphical accuracy along the entire end of the semi-infinite strip, except around a special point ($epsilon$). In this case, along the clamped end of the semi-infinite strip in the vicinity of a special point of stress remain limited. The presence of the region $epsilon$ and the limited stresses are due to the fact that the calculations took into account the $N$ members of the series that describe the wave field, and starting from the $N+1$ member of the series moved to asymptotic values of unknown coefficients, the number of which was also limited to $2N$. As the value $N$ increased, the accuracy of the boundary conditions increased, the region $epsilon$ decreased, and the magnitude of the stresses near the singular point increased.
本文研究了半无限弹性条形结构中瑞利-兰姆波第一次法向传播在条形结构边缘的反射所激发的波场,该条形结构部分为刚性夹持,部分为无应力条形结构。边值问题属于混合边值问题,其特征是在边界条件类型的变化点处存在应力的局部特征。为了解决这一边值问题,本文提出了一种叠加法,该方法考虑了由于未知系数的渐近性质而引起的应力特征。系数的渐近依赖关系是由特征的性质决定的,这是从静态问题的解中已知的。所得结果正确性的判据是控制了能量守恒定律的精度,在整个考虑的频率范围内,其误差不超过入射波能量的2%。本文对边界条件的精度进行了评价。结果表明,除了在一个特殊点($epsilon$)周围外,沿半无限带的整个末端,边界条件都满足图形精度。在这种情况下,沿夹紧端在半无限带材附近的一个特殊应力点保持有限。区域$epsilon$和有限应力的存在是由于这样一个事实,即计算考虑了描述波场的系列的$N$成员,并从该系列的$N+1$成员开始移动到未知系数的渐近值,其数量也被限制为$2N$。随着$N$值的增大,边界条件的精度增大,区域$epsilon$减小,奇点附近应力的大小增大。
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引用次数: 0
GAUSS APPROXIMATION FOR NUMBER DISTRIBUTION IN OF A PASCAL’S TRIANGLE 帕斯卡三角形中数字分布的高斯近似
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.01
Technical University, Kherson State, академия, Украина
We received normal distribution parameters that approximates the distribution of numbers in the n-th row of Pascal's triangle. We calculated the values for normalized moments of even orders and shown their asymptotic tendency towards values corresponding to a normal distribution. We have received highly accurate approximations for central elements of even rows of Pascal's triangle, which allows for calculation of binomial, as well as trinomial (or, in general cases, multinomial) coefficients. A hypothesis is proposed, according to which it is possible that physical and physics-chemical processes function according to Pascal's distribution, but due to how slight its deviation is from a normal distribution, it is difficult to notice. It is also possible that as technology and experimental methodology improves, this difference will become noticeable where it is traditionally considered that a normal distribution is taking place.
我们得到了近似帕斯卡三角形第n行数字分布的正态分布参数。我们计算了偶阶归一化矩的值,并证明了它们的渐近倾向于对应于正态分布的值。我们已经得到了帕斯卡三角形偶数行中心元素的高度精确的近似,它允许计算二项式,以及三项式(或者,在一般情况下,多项式)系数。提出了一个假设,根据这个假设,物理和物理化学过程可能按照帕斯卡分布运行,但由于它与正态分布的偏差很小,很难注意到。也有可能随着技术和实验方法的改进,这种差异将在传统上被认为是正态分布的地方变得明显。
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引用次数: 0
METHODS OF OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETRIC SYSTEMS 参数系统的优化方法
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.20
V. Matvienko, V. V. Pichkur, D. Cherniy
The paper considers methods of parametric optimization of a dynamical system, which is described by a parametric system of differential equations. The gradient of the functional in the form of Boltz is found, which is the basis of methods such as gradient descent. Another method is based on the application of the sensitivity function.
本文研究用微分方程的参数系统来描述动力系统的参数优化问题。得到了该泛函的Boltz形式的梯度,这是梯度下降等方法的基础。另一种方法是基于灵敏度函数的应用。
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引用次数: 0
THE DIFFUSION-DRIFT PROCESS WITH ACCOUNT HEATING AND RECOMBINATION IN THE p-i-n DIODES ACTIVE REGION MATHEMATICAL MODELING BY THE PERTURBATION THEORY METHODS 用微扰理论方法建立了p-i-n二极管有源区中考虑加热和复合的扩散漂移过程的数学模型
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.03
A. Bomba, I. P. Moroz
With prolonged transmission of an electric current through the semiconductor devices, in a particular p-i-n diodes, an electron-hole plasma of their active region is heated. This paper presents the theoretical studies results of the plasma heating effect by the Joule heat release in the p-i-n diode volume and the charge carriers recombination energy release on the plasma concentration distribution in the p-i-n diodes active region. The mathematical model is proposed for predicting the electron-hole plasma stationary concentration distribution and the temperature field in the i-region of the bulk p-i-n diodes in the form of a nonlinear boundary value problem in a given area for the equations system, which consist of the charge carrier current continuity equations, the Poisson and the thermal conductivity. It is shown that the differential equations of the model contain a small parameter in such a way that the Poisson equation is singularly perturbed and the heat conduction equation is regularly perturbed. An approximate solution of the problem posed is obtained in the form of the corresponding asymptotic series in powers of the small parameter. The asymptotic serieses, which describes the behavior of the plasma concentration and potential in the investigated region, containing near-boundary corrections to ensure the fulfillment of the boundary conditions. The terms of these series are found as a result of solving a sequence of boundary value problems, obtained as a result of splitting the original problem, for systems of linear differential equations. The boundary value problem for a nonlinear heat equation is reduced to a sequence of problems for the corresponding linear inhomogeneous equations. The process of refining solutions is iterative. The stabilization of the process is ensured by the existence of negative feedback in the system (as the temperature rises, the mobility of charge carriers decreases).
随着电流通过半导体器件的长时间传输,在特定的p-i-n二极管中,其有源区域的电子空穴等离子体被加热。本文给出了等离子体加热效应的理论研究结果,即在p-i-n二极管体积内的焦耳热释放和载流子复合能量释放对p-i-n二极管有源区等离子体浓度分布的影响。针对由载流子电流连续性方程、泊松方程和导热系数组成的方程组,提出了以给定区域内非线性边值问题的形式预测体p-i-n二极管i区电子-空穴等离子体稳态浓度分布和温度场的数学模型。结果表明,该模型的微分方程包含一个小参数,使得泊松方程为奇摄动,热传导方程为规则摄动。用相应的小参数幂渐近级数的形式得到了问题的近似解。该渐近序列描述了研究区域内等离子体浓度和电位的行为,包含近边界修正以确保边界条件的满足。这些级数的项是通过求解一系列边值问题而得到的,这些边值问题是对线性微分方程组的原问题进行拆分而得到的。将非线性热方程的边值问题简化为相应的线性非齐次方程的一系列问题。精炼解决方案的过程是迭代的。系统中负反馈的存在保证了过程的稳定性(随着温度的升高,载流子的迁移率降低)。
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引用次数: 3
THE CHEBYSHEV PROJECTIONS ON POLYHEDRON 多面体上的切比雪夫投影
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.2.02
V. Zorkaltsev
The problem of minimizing weighted Chebyshev norm on a convex polyhedron defined as the set of solutions to a system of linear inequalities may have a non-unique solution. Moreover, among the solutions to this problem, there may be clearly not suitable points of the polyhedron for the role of the closest points to the zero vector. It complicates, in particular, the Chebyshev approximation. In order to overcome the problems arising from this, the Haar condition is used, which means the requirement for the uniqueness of the solution of the indicated problem. This requirement is not always easy to verify and it is not clear what to do if it is not true. An algorithm is presented that always generates a unique solution to the indicated problem, based on the search with respect to interior points for optimal solutions of a finite sequence of linear programming problems. The solution developed is called the Chebyshev projection of the origin onto the polyhedron. It is proved that this solution is a vector of a polyhedron with Pareto-minimal absolute values of the components. It is proved that the sets of Chebyshev (according to the introduced algorithm) and Euclidean projections of the origin of coordinates onto the polyhedron, formed by varying the positive weight coefficients in the minimized Euclidean and Chebyshev norms, coincide.
定义为线性不等式系统的解集的凸多面体上的加权切比雪夫范数的最小化问题可能有一个非唯一解。而且,在这个问题的解中,可能明显存在多面体上最接近零向量的点不适合担当这个角色的点。它使切比雪夫近似变得特别复杂。为了克服由此产生的问题,使用了哈尔条件,即对所指示问题解的唯一性的要求。这个要求并不总是容易验证的,如果它不是真的,我们也不清楚该怎么办。提出了一种基于对有限序列线性规划问题的内点搜索的算法,该算法对给定的问题总是产生唯一解。所提出的解称为原点在多面体上的切比雪夫投影。证明了该解是一个分量绝对值为帕累托极小的多面体的向量。证明了坐标原点在多面体上的切比雪夫投影集(根据所介绍的算法)和欧几里得投影集是一致的,这些投影集是通过改变最小化欧几里得范数和切比雪夫范数的正权系数而形成的。
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引用次数: 0
PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE WAVE QUENCHING CHAMBER WITH THE UPPER PART IN THE FORM OF A PERMEABLE WATERFRONT 对上部为透水滨水形式的消波室进行了物理和数学建模
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.26
A. G. Kharchenko, L. P. Abramova, I. A. K. I.B, Kudybyn, Institute of Hydromechanics, Academy of, Sciences of, Kyiv Ukraine
This paper presents the results of mathematical and physical modeling of the interaction of waves with the wave chamber on cylindrical supports and the upper part in the form of a permeable waterfront. On the basis of the diffraction model the mathematical modeling of refraction and transformation of waves near the structure is carried out. In the presence of a structure, the transformation of waves is co-accompanied by the phenomena of wave destruction at the edges of the structure and the partial reflection of residual waves from the walls of the protective front. Reflection phenomena cause changes in wave heights along the front of the structure. The results of experimental data are given, which showed that the structure with such a construction is resistant to waves, large soil erosion was not observed.
本文介绍了波浪与柱面支撑上的波室及上部透水滨水形式的相互作用的数学和物理模拟结果。在衍射模型的基础上,对结构附近波的折射和变换进行了数学建模。在结构存在的情况下,波的转换伴随着结构边缘的波破坏现象和保护锋面壁上残余波的部分反射。反射现象引起沿结构前部的波高变化。实验结果表明,这种结构具有良好的抗浪性,没有出现较大的水土流失。
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引用次数: 0
CONTROLLABILITY OF A LINEAR DISCRETE SYSTEM WITH CHANGE OF THE STATE VECTOR DIMENSION 随状态向量维数变化的线性离散系统的可控性
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.1.23
V. V. Pichkur, D. A. Mazur, V. Sobchuk
The paper proposes an analysis of controllability of a linear discrete system with change of the state vector dimension. We offer necessary and sufficient conditions of controllability and design the control that guarantees the decision of a problem of moving of such system to an arbitrary final state. It provides functional stability of technological processes described by a linear discrete system with change of the state vector dimension.
提出了一种状态向量维数变化时线性离散系统的可控性分析方法。给出了系统的可控性的充分必要条件,并设计了保证系统向任意最终状态移动的控制决策。它提供了用状态向量维数变化的线性离散系统来描述工艺过程的功能稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
TWO-LEVEL PROBLEMS AND TWO-STAGE PROXIMAL ALGORITHM 两级问题与两阶段近端算法
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.17721/2706-9699.2021.2.07
V. Semenov, Yana Vedel, S. Denisov
In this paper, a two-level problem is considered: a variational inequality on the set of solutions to the equilibrium problem. An example of such a problem is the search for the normal Nash equilibrium. To solve this problem, two algorithms are proposed. The first combines the ideas of a two-step proximal method and iterative regularization. And the second algorithm is an adaptive version of the first with a parameter update rule that does not use the values of the Lipschitz constants of the bifunction. Theorems on strong convergence of algorithms are proved for monotone bifunctions of Lipschitz type and strongly monotone Lipschitz operators. It is shown that the proposed algorithms can be applied to monotone two-level variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces.
本文研究一类两层次问题:平衡问题解集上的一个变分不等式。这类问题的一个例子是寻找正常纳什均衡。为了解决这个问题,提出了两种算法。第一种方法结合了两步逼近法和迭代正则化的思想。第二个算法是第一个算法的自适应版本,它有一个参数更新规则,不使用双函数的Lipschitz常数的值。对Lipschitz型单调双函数和强单调Lipschitz算子证明了算法的强收敛性定理。结果表明,所提出的算法可以应用于Hilbert空间中的单调二阶变分不等式。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Numerical and Applied Mathematics
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