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On Pick-Hemo's Wounded Homeland: The Changing Representation of Trauma in Israeli Cinema 论Pick-Hemo的《受伤的祖国》:以色列电影中不断变化的创伤表现
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0120
Eran Kaplan
On Pick-Hemo's Wounded Homeland: The Changing Representation of Trauma in Israeli Cinema Michal Plck-Hemo, Wounded Homeland: The Changing Representation of Trauma in Israeli Cinema [(ProQuest: ... denotes non-US-ASCII text omitted.)]. Tel Aviv: Resling, 2016 [Hebrew]. 340 pp., ISBN 011050736 (pb), 76 NIS.In Wounded Homeland: The Changing Representation of Trauma in Israeli Cinema, Michal Pick-Hemo has set out to explore how Israeli cinema has reflected the relationship between the post-traumatic experiences of individuals and the prevailing psycho-ideological cultural conditions that have defined different periods in Israeli history. In doing so Pick-Hemo has made a valuable contribution to the study of Israeli films.Wounded Homeland is divided into two parts. The first is a historical overview of the history of Israeli cinema. Pick-Hemo follows the film scholars' rather accepted periodization of the history of Israeli cinema into the early period ofheroic films; the emergence of the personal cinema and the commercial-minded ethnic and class comedies; and the rise of political cinema in the late 1970s and 1980s. By focusing on a select number of films, Pick-Hemo underlines the important place of trauma, both collective and personal, on the Israeli screen. The second, and much more condensed part, deals with the Israeli films that won the Ophir Prize (the Israeli Oscars) between 2000 and 2006, a group Pick-Hemo identifies as dissociative cinema, wherein the individual as victim takes center stage while being disassociated from the broader social and political context.Throughout her analysis Pick-Hemo explores the relationship between certain developments in Israeli cinema (like the transition from national heroic movies to personal films) against what she describes as the prevailing psycho-ideological conditions of the time. Since, as Pick-Hemo shows throughout the book, Israeli films are ultimately rooted in and engage with ha-matzav ("the situation," in Hebrew; a term that denotes the Israeli preoccupation with current events), this approach is theoretically and historically justified; it also transforms Wounded Homeland into a broader argument about Israeli culture.To my mind the most successful aspect of the book's first part is the manner by which Pick-Hemo challenges the inclination of some film scholars, most notably Ella Shohat, to offer a one-dimensional (positing a simple binary opposition as the basis of most Israeli films) account of Israeli films. Pick-Hemo's exploration of the role of trauma in shaping Israeli films reveals a kind of emotional as well as thematic complexity that transcends simple ideological oppositions (namely the silencing of the Oriental other). Pick-Hemo's discussion of films such as They Were Ten (Baruch Dienar, Israel, 1961), He Walked through the Fields (Yosef Millo, Israel, 1967), Siege (Gilberto Tofano, Israel, 1969), Paratroopers (Masa Alunkot, Judd Ne'eman, Israel, 1977), where the role of trauma is rather
论匹克-赫莫《受伤的家园:以色列电影中不断变化的创伤表现》迈克尔·普莱克-赫莫《受伤的家园:以色列电影中不断变化的创伤表现》表示省略非美国ascii文本。)]。特拉维夫:Resling出版社,2016[希伯来语]。340页,ISBN 011050736 (pb), 76 NIS。在《受伤的家园:以色列电影中不断变化的创伤表现》一书中,迈克尔·皮克-赫默(michael picko)着手探索以色列电影如何反映个人创伤后经历与定义以色列历史不同时期的主流心理意识形态文化条件之间的关系。在此过程中,Pick-Hemo对以色列电影的研究做出了宝贵的贡献。《受伤的家园》分为两部分。首先是对以色列电影史的历史概述。《Pick-Hemo》遵循了电影学者对以色列电影史较为普遍的分期划分,进入了英雄电影的早期;个人电影和具有商业意识的民族和阶级喜剧的出现;以及20世纪70年代末和80年代政治电影的兴起。通过精选几部电影,Pick-Hemo强调了创伤在以色列银幕上的重要地位,无论是集体的还是个人的。第二部分,也是更为浓缩的部分,涉及2000年至2006年间获得奥菲尔奖(以色列奥斯卡奖)的以色列电影,Pick-Hemo认为这是一组游离电影,其中作为受害者的个人占据了中心舞台,而与更广泛的社会和政治背景脱节。在她的分析中,Pick-Hemo探索了以色列电影的某些发展(比如从民族英雄电影到个人电影的转变)与她所描述的当时盛行的心理意识形态状况之间的关系。因为,正如Pick-Hemo在书中所展示的那样,以色列电影最终植根于并参与了ha-matzav(希伯来语中的“处境”);(指以色列对当前事件的关注),这种做法在理论上和历史上都是合理的;它还将《受伤的家园》转变为一场关于以色列文化的更广泛的争论。在我看来,这本书的第一部分最成功的方面是Pick-Hemo挑战了一些电影学者的倾向,最著名的是Ella Shohat,他们提供了一个一维的(假设一个简单的二元对立作为大多数以色列电影的基础)对以色列电影的描述。Pick-Hemo对创伤在塑造以色列电影中的作用的探索揭示了一种超越简单的意识形态对立(即东方他者的沉默)的情感和主题复杂性。皮克-赫默对电影的讨论,如《他们十岁》(巴鲁克·迪纳尔,以色列,1961年)、《他走过田野》(约瑟夫·米洛,以色列,1967年)、《围攻》(吉尔伯特·托法诺,以色列,1969年)、《伞兵》(马萨·阿伦科特,贾德·内曼,以色列,1977年),其中创伤的作用相当明显,为这些作品的批判性欣赏提供了新的途径。在其他情况下,比如她对《萨拉·沙巴提》(以法莲·基松,以色列,1964年)和后来的民族喜剧的分析,她对创伤的中心地位(以及处理创伤的能力)的强调多少不那么令人信服。《受伤的国土》的第二部分实现了两件事:它对21世纪初以色列的状况进行了深思熟虑的讨论,并对定义了这个时代的电影进行了仔细的分析。(她把重点放在奥菲尔奖获奖影片上的决定非常有用——这些影片在评论界和商业上都取得了成功,这有助于克服这样一个事实,即这些都是近期上映的电影,很难从历史上进行评估。…
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引用次数: 0
"It Happened Before and It Will Happen Again": On line User Comments as a Noncommemorative Site of Holocaust Remembrance “它以前发生过,它将再次发生”:在线用户评论作为大屠杀纪念的非纪念网站
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0024
Aya Yadlin‐Segal
By addressing the vernacular versus official memory dyad in collective memory studies, this article explores user comments on four Israeli news websites that covered the Iranian fi lm A Separation's (Asghar Farhadi, 2011) Academy Award win for best foreign language fi lm in 2012. Against the backdrop of Israeli-Iranian relations, this study focuses on the use of the Holocaust as an interpretive framework and new media users' construction of collective memory. Through qualitative analysis of user comments, I show how the memory of the Holocaust supports a circular narrative of Jewish history, intertwining past, present, and future events into a single metanarrative of persecution. The study also emphasizes how remembrance goes beyond intentionally commemorative practices, and questions the place of online platforms in enabling and constraining alternative and critical political discourses.
通过探讨集体记忆研究中方言与官方记忆的二元关系,本文探讨了四个以色列新闻网站上的用户评论,这些网站报道了伊朗电影《一次别别》(Asghar Farhadi, 2011)在2012年获得奥斯卡最佳外语片奖。本研究以以色列与伊朗关系为背景,聚焦以大屠杀为解释框架,以及新媒体使用者建构集体记忆。通过对用户评论的定性分析,我展示了大屠杀的记忆如何支持犹太历史的循环叙述,将过去、现在和未来的事件交织在一起,形成一个关于迫害的元叙述。该研究还强调了纪念如何超越有意的纪念活动,并质疑在线平台在支持和限制另类和批判性政治话语方面的地位。
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引用次数: 5
Talking Cures?: Jews and Sex Therapy in Nymphomaniac and A Dangerous Method 说治疗?:犹太人和性治疗在花痴和一个危险的方法
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0048
C. Siegel
Examination of film depictions of the cultural role of Jewish sex counselors reveals ways ancient myths of Jewish conspiracy are maintained, or critiqued, in popular culture. Comparing David Cronenberg's A Dangerous Method (UK, Germany, 2011) and Lars von Trier's Nymphomaniac (Denmark, Germany, 2013) elucidates the historical difference, crucial to sexual social justice movements, between imagining Jewish community and imagining Jewish conspiracy. In both films paternalistic characters who identify as secular Jews shape the film's narrative through sessions in which they question the perverse protagonist. Each of the two films presents us with a concept of Jewish identity that is developed through these interactions. This is a question not of negative or positive portrayal of Jewish characters but of how the films portray a worldwide community of Jews, the community that confers an identity on each individual Jew. Thus the two films serve as a case study of possibilities for representation of Jews in cinematic narratives about sexual perversity.
考察电影中对犹太性顾问的文化角色的描绘,揭示了犹太阴谋的古老神话在流行文化中被维持或批评的方式。比较David Cronenberg的《A Dangerous Method》(英国,德国,2011)和Lars von Trier的《nyphomaniac》(丹麦,德国,2013)阐明了想象犹太社区和想象犹太阴谋之间的历史差异,这对性社会正义运动至关重要。在这两部电影中,自认是世俗犹太人的家长式角色,通过质疑乖张的主角,塑造了电影的叙事。两部电影中的每一部都向我们展示了通过这些互动发展起来的犹太人身份的概念。这不是一个对犹太人角色正面或负面刻画的问题,而是电影如何描绘一个世界范围内的犹太人社区,这个社区赋予每个犹太人一个身份。因此,这两部电影作为一个案例研究的可能性,代表犹太人在电影叙事的性变态。
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引用次数: 1
Got Jewish Milk?: Screening Epstein and Van Sant for Intersectional Film History 有犹太牛奶吗?:筛选爱泼斯坦和范桑特的交叉电影史
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0001
Helene Meyers
Rob Epstein's The Times of Harvey Milk (USA, 1984) and Gus Van Sant's Milk (USA, 2008), the two major films that narrate the life and tragically dramatic death of gay politician and activist Harvey Milk (1930–1978), are widely recognized as part of the queer cinematic canon but are less often categorized as Jewish films. While Epstein's film adroitly presents a "Kosher-style" Milk, the Jewishness of Van Sant's Milk is less certain; however, a well-established pattern of gay and lesbian Jews citing Milk as one of their own—what I term "Jewqhooing"—enabled a Jewish reception of Milk. Querying and queerying the Jewishness of Milk (the man as well as the movies that purport to represent his life and times) illuminate the complex ways Jewishness continues to be cinematically conveyed or whitewashed as well as the intersections between queer and Jewish film history.
罗布·爱泼斯坦的《哈维·米尔克的时代》(美国,1984年)和格斯·范·桑特的《米尔克》(美国,2008年)是两部主要的电影,讲述了同性恋政治家和活动家哈维·米尔克(1930-1978年)的生活和悲惨的戏剧性死亡,被广泛认为是酷儿电影经典的一部分,但很少被归类为犹太电影。虽然爱泼斯坦的电影巧妙地呈现了一种“犹太风格”的牛奶,但范·桑特的《牛奶》中的犹太性却不那么确定;然而,一种根深蒂固的犹太男女同性恋者将米尔克视为自己的一员的模式——我称之为“犹太哄骗”——使得犹太人接受了米尔克。质疑和质疑米尔克的犹太性(这个人和那些声称代表他的生活和时代的电影)阐明了犹太性继续被电影传达或粉饰的复杂方式,以及酷儿和犹太电影史之间的交叉点。
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引用次数: 0
On Capua's Anatole Litvak: The Life and Films 关于卡普亚的《阿纳托尔·利特瓦克:生活与电影》
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0102
A. Spicer
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引用次数: 0
On Pozner and Laurent's Kinojudaica
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0109
C. Portuges
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Jewish Ritual in the Secular, Postmodern World of Transparent 犹太仪式在世俗、后现代透明世界中的重要性
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0075
Roberta Rosenberg
This essay explores the presence of Jewish ritual in the lives of otherwise nonobservant Jews, the Pfeffermans, in the Amazon original television series Transparent (Jill Soloway, USA, 2014–). The secular Pfeffermans must confront all the tragedies and challenges of any contemporary American family—divorce, miscarriage, promiscuity, death, sexual confusion, and illness—but without an established moral or religious compass that might provide them with guidance and comfort in overcoming or at least accepting these adversities. The Pfeffermans therefore represent the ambivalence and confusion of many assimilated contemporary American Jews as they seek a meaningful spirituality to help traverse a contemporary landscape replete with circumstances that test their courage, faith, and resilience. Transparent thus offers a window into a world where secular Jews (and even their rabbi) struggle—sometimes succeeding and sometimes failing—to create a spiritual world of Jewish ritual living that will provide them with an opportunity to lech lecha, to go forth as courageous adults into a challenging world.
本文探讨了亚马逊原创电视剧《透明家庭》(Jill Soloway,美国,2014 -)中犹太仪式在不守规矩的犹太人普弗曼一家生活中的存在。世俗的普弗曼夫妇必须面对当代美国家庭的所有悲剧和挑战——离婚、流产、滥交、死亡、性困惑和疾病——但没有一个既定的道德或宗教指南针可以为他们提供指导和安慰,以克服或至少接受这些逆境。因此,普弗曼夫妇代表了许多被同化的当代美国犹太人的矛盾心理和困惑,他们寻求一种有意义的灵性,以帮助他们穿越充满考验他们勇气、信仰和韧性的环境的当代景观。因此,《透明》提供了一扇通往世俗犹太人(甚至他们的拉比)奋斗(有时成功,有时失败)的世界的窗户,在那里,他们创造了一个犹太仪式生活的精神世界,为他们提供了一个喝lecha的机会,作为勇敢的成年人进入一个充满挑战的世界。
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引用次数: 8
On Case's Calling Dr. Strangelove: The Anatomy and Influence of the Kubrick Masterpiece 论凯斯的呼唤奇爱博士:库布里克杰作的解剖和影响
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.5.1.0113
K. Fermaglich
On Case's Calling Dr. Strangelove: The Anatomy and Influence of the Kubrick Masterpiece Calling Dr. Strangelove: The Anatomy and Influence of the Kubrick Masterpiece. By George Case. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, 2014. 212 pp., ISBN 978-0-7864-9449-1 (pb); ISBN 978-1-4766-1848-7 (e-book); US $40 (both editions).In Calling Dr. Strangelove George Case offers a useful and entertaining tour through the iconic 1964 film directed by Stanley Kubrick. Case explores thoroughly the making of the film, from its initial origins as a pulp novel authored by Peter George (under the pen name Peter Bryant), through its legacies in contemporary American culture. As Case does so, he provides the reader with valuable connections between the black comedy and the equally absurd reality it parodied.The book looks closely at the novel's plot, highlighting its foundation in the real structures of American and British nuclear policy in the 1950s and early 1960s. Case describes the British, Soviet, and American bomber forces charged with constantly patrolling the air so that they could retaliate at any moment if any of those nations came under attack. Of course these plans for retaliation were only defensive and could be put into action only under the command of the nations' leaders-until President Dwight Eisenhower introduced a loophole allowing junior staff to launch missiles in case communication was disrupted. It was this precarious structure that animated the George novel, as well as the Kubrick film's satire, although by the time of the film's release, that loophole had been closed.After tracing the book's origins to this frightening reality, Case describes Stanley Kubrick's gradual decision to bring out the absurd humor in the political situation. Although Kubrick initially intended to play the novel straight, within the first few weeks ofwriting the screenplay, the outrageous and ridiculous nature of the subject matter indicated to him the direction the film needed to take. According to Kubrick, "I found that in trying to put meat on the bones and to imagine the scenes more fully . . . one had to keep leaving things out which were either absurd or paradoxical in order to keep it from being funny, and these things seemed to be close to the heart of the scenes in question" (23). Case describes Kubrick's intense research into the subject of nuclear warfare, and his close work with George and writer Terry Southern to transform that subject into comedy.Case then moves into a discussion of the production, researching the experiences of the film's bit actors as well as major stars. One of the strengths of this book is that it addresses Kubrick's reputation as a dictatorial auteur but also highlights the experiences, input, and participation of a host of other people involved in the film. He describes the challenges of working with Peter Sellers, for example, as well as the competition between the release of this film and the very similar, very non-funny Sidney Lum
《打电话给奇爱博士:库布里克杰作的解剖与影响》乔治·凯斯著。杰弗逊,北卡罗来纳州:麦克法兰公司,2014。212页,ISBN 978-0-7864-9449-1 (pb);ISBN 978-1-4766-1848-7(电子书);40美元(两个版本)。在《呼唤奇爱博士》一书中,乔治·凯斯为我们提供了一次有用而有趣的旅行,让我们穿越斯坦利·库布里克1964年执导的这部标志性电影。凯斯深入探讨了这部电影的制作过程,从它最初是彼得·乔治(笔名彼得·布莱恩特)创作的一部低俗小说,到它对当代美国文化的影响。凯斯这样做的时候,他为读者提供了黑色喜剧和它所模仿的同样荒谬的现实之间有价值的联系。这本书仔细研究了小说的情节,强调了它的基础是20世纪50年代和60年代初美国和英国核政策的真实结构。凯斯描述了英国、苏联和美国的轰炸机部队,他们负责不断地在空中巡逻,以便在任何时候,如果任何一个国家受到攻击,他们都可以进行报复。当然,这些报复计划只是防御性的,只有在国家领导人的指挥下才能付诸行动——直到德怀特·艾森豪威尔总统引入了一个漏洞,允许初级人员在通信中断的情况下发射导弹。正是这种不稳定的结构激发了乔治的小说,以及库布里克电影中的讽刺,尽管到电影上映时,这个漏洞已经被堵住了。在追溯这本书的起源到这个可怕的现实之后,凯斯描述了斯坦利·库布里克逐渐决定在政治局势中引入荒谬的幽默。虽然库布里克最初打算直接改编小说,但在写剧本的最初几周内,这个主题的离谱和荒谬的性质向他表明了电影需要采取的方向。根据库布里克的说法,“我发现,在试图把肉放在骨头上并更充分地想象场景时……为了不让它搞笑,人们不得不把那些荒谬或矛盾的东西删掉,而这些东西似乎接近了有问题的场景的核心”(23)。凯斯描述了库布里克对核战争主题的深入研究,以及他与乔治和作家特里·索瑟恩的密切合作,将这个主题变成了喜剧。然后凯斯开始讨论这部电影的制作,研究了这部电影的小演员和主要明星的经历。这本书的优点之一是,它阐述了库布里克作为一个独裁导演的名声,但也强调了电影中许多其他人的经历、投入和参与。例如,他描述了与彼得·塞勒斯合作的挑战,以及这部电影的发行与非常相似,非常无趣的西德尼·吕米特的电影《失败安全》(1964年,美国)之间的竞争。…
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引用次数: 1
Resisting Genealogy: Diasporic Grief and Heterosexual Melancholia in the Israeli Films Three Mothers and Late Marriage 抵制宗谱:以色列电影《三个母亲与晚婚》中的流散悲伤与异性恋忧郁症
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.4.2.0161
R. Yosef
The article explores the relationships between diaspora and nationalism, heterosexuality and queerness in two Israeli films: Three Mothers (Dina Zvi-Riklis, 2006) and Late Marriage (Dover Koshashvili, 2001). These films reconfigure home as both nation and diaspora outside the heteronormative logics of the family, kinship, and hetero-patriarchal inheritance and genealogy. Although the films are about heterosexual romances, I argue that they offer a radical critique of both national and diasporic narratives that rely on a patrilineal family tree structured by heterosexual marriage and reproduction, and which therefore exclude non-heteronormative sexuality and desire. They expose and challenge the politics of the Oedipal organization and normative kinship systems by deploying modes of melancholia to reimagine and reassemble new forms of desire, identification, pleasure, and belonging to spaces such as home and family, diaspora and nation, which have traditionally denied anti-heteronormative existence. The films link ethnic to heterosexual melancholia and show that the loss of the diasporic past conceals the even deeper and more hidden loss of queer familial sexual ties.
本文通过两部以色列电影:《三个母亲》(Dina Zvi-Riklis, 2006)和《晚婚》(Dover Koshashvili, 2001)探讨了散居与民族主义、异性恋和酷儿之间的关系。这些电影将家重新配置为民族和流散,在家庭、亲属关系、异性父权继承和宗谱的异规范逻辑之外。虽然这些电影是关于异性恋的爱情故事,但我认为它们对依赖于由异性恋婚姻和繁殖构成的父系家庭树的国家和散居叙事提供了激进的批评,因此排除了非异性恋规范的性和欲望。他们揭露和挑战俄狄浦斯组织的政治和规范的亲属制度,通过部署忧郁症的模式来重新想象和重组新的形式的欲望、认同、快乐和归属空间,如家庭和家庭、侨民和民族,这些传统上否认反异性恋规范的存在。这些电影将种族与异性恋的忧郁联系起来,并表明散居过去的失落掩盖了更深层、更隐蔽的酷儿家族性关系的失落。
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引用次数: 2
On Kanter’s Lunch: Old Jews Slurping Soup and the Fate of Jewish Humor 论坎特的午餐:老犹太人喝汤和犹太人幽默的命运
0 FILM, RADIO, TELEVISION Pub Date : 2017-03-20 DOI: 10.13110/JEWIFILMNEWMEDI.4.2.0201
J. Tanny
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引用次数: 1
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Jewish Film & New Media-An International Journal
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