Introduction. A language is the fundamental characteristic of a nation’s identity. It can unite the members of an ethic team and set them apart from the members of other ethnic teams. Aim. In this current review, the study presents the evolution of the Greek language from the ancient times, all the way up to today. Methodology. The study’s material consists of articles related to the topic, found in Greek and International και databases, the Google Scholar, and the Hellenic Academic Libraries (HEAL-Link). Results. The Greek language has been used since the third millennia B.C.. During the ancient times, it was the most widely used language in the Mediterranean Sea and South Europe. Until the fifth century B.C., the Greek language was a total of dialects. The Attica Dialect stood out from this dialectical mosaic. Then came the Hellenistic Common, which became the hegemonic language, the lingua franca of the "universe". The Hellenistic Common evolved to the Middle Ages Greek, and later the New Greek (fifth century A.D. - today). Besides, the creation of the New Greek state resulted to the gradual formation of the New Common, which will become the modern New Greek Common, under the effect of the scholar language. Conclusion. The Greek language keeps borrowing and assimilating words from other languages today, just like it did in the past, remaining unbroken for forty centuries.
{"title":"Traveling With the Greek Language through Time","authors":"Evangelos Panagiotis Kaltsas","doi":"10.47752/sjell.42.58.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.42.58.61","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A language is the fundamental characteristic of a nation’s identity. It can unite the members of an ethic team and set them apart from the members of other ethnic teams. Aim. In this current review, the study presents the evolution of the Greek language from the ancient times, all the way up to today. Methodology. The study’s material consists of articles related to the topic, found in Greek and International και databases, the Google Scholar, and the Hellenic Academic Libraries (HEAL-Link). Results. The Greek language has been used since the third millennia B.C.. During the ancient times, it was the most widely used language in the Mediterranean Sea and South Europe. Until the fifth century B.C., the Greek language was a total of dialects. The Attica Dialect stood out from this dialectical mosaic. Then came the Hellenistic Common, which became the hegemonic language, the lingua franca of the \"universe\". The Hellenistic Common evolved to the Middle Ages Greek, and later the New Greek (fifth century A.D. - today). Besides, the creation of the New Greek state resulted to the gradual formation of the New Common, which will become the modern New Greek Common, under the effect of the scholar language. Conclusion. The Greek language keeps borrowing and assimilating words from other languages today, just like it did in the past, remaining unbroken for forty centuries.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126399559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Teachers’ professional development is a process in which teachers constantly transform their practice through their participation in training and educational programs, among other practices. This process is significant, since teachers have to face numerous challenges, due to the fact that education is a dynamic process. The advances in technology have enabled teachers’ professional development through e-learning, which is supported by various studies to be an effective means. The aim of this paper is to examine the importance and usefulness of e-learning.However, teaching students with special learning needs is the first major area in which teachers identify their educational needs, followed by teaching in a multicultural setting and student counselling. In addition, EFL teachers acknowledge, understand and accept the important role of e-learning in facilitating, supporting and encouraging their professional development. Moreover, the access to resources of e-learning, the existence of skilled teachers’ educators and technical support, and the evaluation of the program were found to facilitate their participation in an e-learning training program
{"title":"Teachers’ Professional Development and E-Learning","authors":"Kaskani Aliki, Dimogeronta Panagiota","doi":"10.47752/sjell.42.48.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.42.48.57","url":null,"abstract":"Teachers’ professional development is a process in which teachers constantly transform their practice through their participation in training and educational programs, among other practices. This process is significant, since teachers have to face numerous challenges, due to the fact that education is a dynamic process. The advances in technology have enabled teachers’ professional development through e-learning, which is supported by various studies to be an effective means. The aim of this paper is to examine the importance and usefulness of e-learning.However, teaching students with special learning needs is the first major area in which teachers identify their educational needs, followed by teaching in a multicultural setting and student counselling. In addition, EFL teachers acknowledge, understand and accept the important role of e-learning in facilitating, supporting and encouraging their professional development. Moreover, the access to resources of e-learning, the existence of skilled teachers’ educators and technical support, and the evaluation of the program were found to facilitate their participation in an e-learning training program","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117166603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study is an attempt to investigate using the grammatical devices of cleft construction as a stylistic feature in the ‘city of Glass’ a post-modernist novel by Paul Auster. The purpose behind using cleft sentence is to highlight the element which is a part of the sentence and it is important for the author’s perspective. The construction of cleft sentence composes of a matrix clause headed by copula and relative or relative-like clause. Both (matrix and relative) reflect a simple logical proposal, That could’ve been conveyed in the consisting of a specific attribute without changing the truth circumstances. So this structure allows the writer focusing on the important element that he /she believes to reveal the creative use of language.
{"title":"Cleft Construction Is a Salient Feature in the ‘City of Glass’ a Novel by Paul Auster: A Stylistic Study","authors":"Hussam aldeen N. Hadi","doi":"10.47752/sjell.42.40.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.42.40.47","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is an attempt to investigate using the grammatical devices of cleft construction as a stylistic feature in the ‘city of Glass’ a post-modernist novel by Paul Auster. The purpose behind using cleft sentence is to highlight the element which is a part of the sentence and it is important for the author’s perspective. The construction of cleft sentence composes of a matrix clause headed by copula and relative or relative-like clause. Both (matrix and relative) reflect a simple logical proposal, That could’ve been conveyed in the consisting of a specific attribute without changing the truth circumstances. So this structure allows the writer focusing on the important element that he /she believes to reveal the creative use of language.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125034653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper focuses on politeness strategies used by health care providers and patients in their interaction. Data collection was done in four hospitals within Nyamagana Municipality in Mwanza using observation and interview methods. The study employed content qualitative method and the theory of politeness as provided by Brown and Levinson (1987) for the analysis and presentation of data. The study employed the theory of politeness by Brown and Levinson (1987). Key findings reveal that different politeness strategies such as positive, negative, off-record and bald on record were employed in the communication between health care providers and patients. The study indicates that among the four politeness strategies employed, positive politeness was the dominant one while bald on record was rarely used. Moreover, the study reveals that there are different cases in which inappropriate use of the strategies of politeness led to impoliteness. It is recommended that health care providers and patients should consider using language in a way that will reduce the social distance between them which can impact their communication and health outcomes. This can be achieved by an appropriate application of politeness strategies in their interaction
本文主要研究医疗服务提供者和患者在互动中使用的礼貌策略。采用观察法和访谈法在姆万扎尼亚马加纳市的四家医院收集数据。本研究采用内容定性方法和Brown and Levinson(1987)的礼貌理论对数据进行分析和呈现。本研究采用了Brown和Levinson(1987)的礼貌理论。主要研究结果表明，在医护人员与患者之间的沟通中，采用了积极礼貌策略、消极礼貌策略、不记录礼貌策略和记录礼貌策略。研究表明，在四种礼貌策略中，积极礼貌策略占主导地位，而记录秃顶策略很少使用。此外，研究还发现，在不同的情况下，礼貌策略的不当使用导致了不礼貌。建议卫生保健提供者和患者应考虑以减少他们之间的社会距离的方式使用语言，这可能会影响他们的沟通和健康结果。这可以通过在他们的互动中适当应用礼貌策略来实现
{"title":"Politeness Strategies in Health Care Providers and Patients’ Communication","authors":"Mariam I. Athuman, E. Tibategeza","doi":"10.47752/sjell.41.30.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.41.30.39","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on politeness strategies used by health care providers and patients in their interaction. Data collection was done in four hospitals within Nyamagana Municipality in Mwanza using observation and interview methods. The study employed content qualitative method and the theory of politeness as provided by Brown and Levinson (1987) for the analysis and presentation of data. The study employed the theory of politeness by Brown and Levinson (1987). Key findings reveal that different politeness strategies such as positive, negative, off-record and bald on record were employed in the communication between health care providers and patients. The study indicates that among the four politeness strategies employed, positive politeness was the dominant one while bald on record was rarely used. Moreover, the study reveals that there are different cases in which inappropriate use of the strategies of politeness led to impoliteness. It is recommended that health care providers and patients should consider using language in a way that will reduce the social distance between them which can impact their communication and health outcomes. This can be achieved by an appropriate application of politeness strategies in their interaction","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131090205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Learners’ errors give insights to teachers, textbook writers, curriculum designers and many applied linguists about the learning difficulty in the acquisition of a target language. Studying systematically these errors is therefore considered indispensable in learning teaching process. Basing on the corpus-based model, this paper investigates the constructions of two ditransitive verbs: TELL and SAY which cause much trouble to second language learners. After analysing the exam copies of 200 second-year students in the English department of Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar, the study comes up with two general observations. First, the analysis of the overall data shows that learners of the corpus largely prefer using TELL (62, 5%) to SAY (14, 5%). The second observation is, these students use more correctly the ditransitive form involving TELL than SAY. For instance, 79, 2% of them employ TELL in the double object construction corresponding to the basic structure TELL + someone + something, while only 5,1% correctly use the dative construction of SAY which is SAY + something + to + someone. These findings conform to several studies which claim that the dative form is the most complicated construction, and is consequently the rarely used one. All of this indicates, that even if these students are English majors, they are still in their basic level in the acquisition of ditransitive constructions. This suggests that special strategies and mechanisms are required in teaching and learning ditransitive verbs. More efforts are also needed in teaching and learning constructions in grammar (e.g. alternating pairs like Passive /Active, Will /Be going to, Verb-particle constructions etc.). This will help students become more accurate in using English, the target language.
{"title":"A Corpus-Based Research on Ditransitive Constructions with Tell and Say","authors":"Hafissatou Kane","doi":"10.47752/sjell.41.23.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.41.23.29","url":null,"abstract":"Learners’ errors give insights to teachers, textbook writers, curriculum designers and many applied linguists about the learning difficulty in the acquisition of a target language. Studying systematically these errors is therefore considered indispensable in learning teaching process. Basing on the corpus-based model, this paper investigates the constructions of two ditransitive verbs: TELL and SAY which cause much trouble to second language learners. After analysing the exam copies of 200 second-year students in the English department of Cheikh Anta DIOP University of Dakar, the study comes up with two general observations. First, the analysis of the overall data shows that learners of the corpus largely prefer using TELL (62, 5%) to SAY (14, 5%). The second observation is, these students use more correctly the ditransitive form involving TELL than SAY. For instance, 79, 2% of them employ TELL in the double object construction corresponding to the basic structure TELL + someone + something, while only 5,1% correctly use the dative construction of SAY which is SAY + something + to + someone. These findings conform to several studies which claim that the dative form is the most complicated construction, and is consequently the rarely used one. All of this indicates, that even if these students are English majors, they are still in their basic level in the acquisition of ditransitive constructions. This suggests that special strategies and mechanisms are required in teaching and learning ditransitive verbs. More efforts are also needed in teaching and learning constructions in grammar (e.g. alternating pairs like Passive /Active, Will /Be going to, Verb-particle constructions etc.). This will help students become more accurate in using English, the target language.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116800122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examined Self-Concept, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Academic Performance in Mathematics among Junior Secondary School Students in Edo State. The main purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between self-concept and academic performance in mathematics of Junior Secondary School students in Edo state. The study adopted the correlation research design. A sample of 3,639 was drawn from a population of 36,615 junior students in Edo state. The data generated for the study were obtained through a self designed questionnaire. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analysed the data collected. The result obtained revealed the following: there was a positive relationship between self-concept and academic performance in mathematics among junior secondary school students, there was also a negative relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance in mathematics among junior secondary school students in Edo state. The study thus concluded that self-concept and self-efficacy are not only significantly related to academic performance, they significantly predict academic performance of students. It was therefore recommended that adequate and sufficient attention must be given to sustain the development of positive self-concept and self-efficacy of students in the school system, while deliberate efforts should be made to build up the self-esteem of the students and Teachers should be offered professional guidance by educational authorities on these self-constructs in students as an avenue to improve on students’ academic performance.
{"title":"Self-Concept, Self-Efficacy and Self Esteem As Predictors of Academic Performance in Mathematics among Junior Secondary School Students in Edo State","authors":"M. Asika","doi":"10.47752/SJELL.41.15.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/SJELL.41.15.22","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined Self-Concept, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Academic Performance in Mathematics among Junior Secondary School Students in Edo State. The main purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between self-concept and academic performance in mathematics of Junior Secondary School students in Edo state. The study adopted the correlation research design. A sample of 3,639 was drawn from a population of 36,615 junior students in Edo state. The data generated for the study were obtained through a self designed questionnaire. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression were used to analysed the data collected. The result obtained revealed the following: there was a positive relationship between self-concept and academic performance in mathematics among junior secondary school students, there was also a negative relationship between self-efficacy and academic performance in mathematics among junior secondary school students in Edo state. The study thus concluded that self-concept and self-efficacy are not only significantly related to academic performance, they significantly predict academic performance of students. It was therefore recommended that adequate and sufficient attention must be given to sustain the development of positive self-concept and self-efficacy of students in the school system, while deliberate efforts should be made to build up the self-esteem of the students and Teachers should be offered professional guidance by educational authorities on these self-constructs in students as an avenue to improve on students’ academic performance.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124333701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.47752/SJELL.312.277.281
M. Al-Hilo, Hayder Gebreen
This paper investigates the socio-historical context in which the Gothic novel appeared. It seeks to shed light on the psychological side of this debut. One of the problems of recent studies in this regard is that they tend to detach the appearance of the Gothic novel from the historical context that gave birth to this genre. This leads to inaccurate findings and conclusions because this genre rose out of necessity. It was a method of fighting back the suppressive social conditions from which females suffered. This study is necessary to reveal the oppressive context females endured, and how that patriarchal ideology was universally and rationally justified and eluded any possible questioning. This suppressive condition was deeply rooted in the unconscious of subjects. Gothic novel was a revolution against that prevailing ideology, socially, religiously, and intellectually. It was considered a form of atheism. In this regard, this paper seeks to question the validity of the appearance of this genre and the way it is justified. It also presents a host of findings that displays the necessity out of which this genre rose, with references to Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights and Mathew Lewis’ The Monk.
{"title":"The Starving Sex: Psychoanalysis of Gendered Identity Crisis in the Gothic Novel","authors":"M. Al-Hilo, Hayder Gebreen","doi":"10.47752/SJELL.312.277.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/SJELL.312.277.281","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the socio-historical context in which the Gothic novel appeared. It seeks to shed light on the psychological side of this debut. One of the problems of recent studies in this regard is that they tend to detach the appearance of the Gothic novel from the historical context that gave birth to this genre. This leads to inaccurate findings and conclusions because this genre rose out of necessity. It was a method of fighting back the suppressive social conditions from which females suffered. This study is necessary to reveal the oppressive context females endured, and how that patriarchal ideology was universally and rationally justified and eluded any possible questioning. This suppressive condition was deeply rooted in the unconscious of subjects. Gothic novel was a revolution against that prevailing ideology, socially, religiously, and intellectually. It was considered a form of atheism. In this regard, this paper seeks to question the validity of the appearance of this genre and the way it is justified. It also presents a host of findings that displays the necessity out of which this genre rose, with references to Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights and Mathew Lewis’ The Monk.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125476191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-28DOI: 10.47752/sjell.312.270.276
Maina Ouarodima, Ibrahim Oumarou
Every single society has its dos and don’ts, and African is not an exception. What is more, Africans are strongly attached to their socio-cultural beliefs. However, as time is dynamic, there is need toreflect on the context of situation to evaluate our tradition.Thus, The Legendary Inikpi, the play under discussion, does not only serve as a central source to enable the readers find outhow African societies hold on to their religious beliefs and practices as part of their cultural identities, but also serves as a media tool that calls Africans for a change of attitude. The author considershuman sacrifice as a murder.To redirect the mentality towards certain religious practices such as human sacrifice, Emmy Unuja is able to create a female character named Daughter whose role is to convince people for a change of mentality. If we want African societies to move forwards, it is high time people change their mentality for the better.
{"title":"Africans and the Power of Socio-Cultural Belief: To Break or to Keep the Status Quo? Analysis of Emmy Unuja Idegu’s the Legendary Inikpi","authors":"Maina Ouarodima, Ibrahim Oumarou","doi":"10.47752/sjell.312.270.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.312.270.276","url":null,"abstract":"Every single society has its dos and don’ts, and African is not an exception. What is more, Africans are strongly attached to their socio-cultural beliefs. However, as time is dynamic, there is need toreflect on the context of situation to evaluate our tradition.Thus, The Legendary Inikpi, the play under discussion, does not only serve as a central source to enable the readers find outhow African societies hold on to their religious beliefs and practices as part of their cultural identities, but also serves as a media tool that calls Africans for a change of attitude. The author considershuman sacrifice as a murder.To redirect the mentality towards certain religious practices such as human sacrifice, Emmy Unuja is able to create a female character named Daughter whose role is to convince people for a change of mentality. If we want African societies to move forwards, it is high time people change their mentality for the better.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115343707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-27DOI: 10.47752/sjell.311.254.264
Idongesit Edo, Okokon Akpan
This study attempts a systematic description and classification of Itu Mbon Uso Consonants, using a descriptive framework. This research will provide a background study for the description of Itu Mbon Uso consonants. It aims to establish and provide a detailed study of the consonant sounds available in the Itu Mbon Uso language. Data was collected through primary and secondary sources. The trial version of the Ibadan 400 wordlist was used in data collection. In addition, there was the need to develop short sentences in the language so as to capture the pronunciation of words not found in the 400 wordlist and to show the position of each segment in words. The objective of this research is the need to develop our indigenous languages and save them from extinction, which should begin with the development of the orthography. The study revealed that they are seventeen phonemic and twenty phonetic consonants in Itu Mbon Uso with syllabic features such as aspiration and consonant processes like nasalization and palatalization. Our contribution is the provision of the consonantal inventory of the language which will act as a springboard for the eventual development of orthography for the language. The study is also important documentation of an endangered language, which had hitherto received little attention. It is recommended that research be carried out on the vowel system of the language to ensure an eventual orthography for the language.
{"title":"An Overview of Itu Mbon Uso Consonants","authors":"Idongesit Edo, Okokon Akpan","doi":"10.47752/sjell.311.254.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.311.254.264","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts a systematic description and classification of Itu Mbon Uso Consonants, using a descriptive framework. This research will provide a background study for the description of Itu Mbon Uso consonants. It aims to establish and provide a detailed study of the consonant sounds available in the Itu Mbon Uso language. Data was collected through primary and secondary sources. The trial version of the Ibadan 400 wordlist was used in data collection. In addition, there was the need to develop short sentences in the language so as to capture the pronunciation of words not found in the 400 wordlist and to show the position of each segment in words. The objective of this research is the need to develop our indigenous languages and save them from extinction, which should begin with the development of the orthography. The study revealed that they are seventeen phonemic and twenty phonetic consonants in Itu Mbon Uso with syllabic features such as aspiration and consonant processes like nasalization and palatalization. Our contribution is the provision of the consonantal inventory of the language which will act as a springboard for the eventual development of orthography for the language. The study is also important documentation of an endangered language, which had hitherto received little attention. It is recommended that research be carried out on the vowel system of the language to ensure an eventual orthography for the language.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116570224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-28DOI: 10.47752/sjell.310.244.248
Azeez Akinwumi Sesan, Akeem Adewale Akinwale
Niger Delta oil crisis has been one of the major social, political and economic problems confronting Nigeria. As a result, Nigerians of different arts and professions have been showing concern about this persistent confrontation between the federal government and Niger Delta militant youths. Literary writers have been reflecting this oil crisis in their literary creativity in any of the genres of poetry, drama and prose. Ahmed Yerima is one of the literary writers who have reflected the Niger Delta oil crisis in their literary creativity with the publication of his Niger Delta trilogy (Hard Ground, Little Drops and Ipomu). Hard Ground, the first of the plays in the trilogy is this paper’s primary text. The play uses dramatic device of irony to advance its plot and theme as the tragedy of blood. With critical reading, the play presents tragedy of blood/ revenge tragedy from two levels of interpretation: denotative and connotative/metaphorical. The play’s success is reflected in the playwright’s use of characterisation (as seen in Baba and Nimi) and creative use of irony to advance the plot and to complicate the play’s conflicts.
尼日尔三角洲的石油危机一直是尼日利亚面临的主要社会、政治和经济问题之一。因此，不同艺术和职业的尼日利亚人一直对联邦政府和尼日尔三角洲激进青年之间的持续对抗表示关注。无论是诗歌、戏剧还是散文，文学作家都在其文学创作中反映了这种石油危机。艾哈迈德·耶里马是在其文学创作中反映尼日尔三角洲石油危机的作家之一，他出版了尼日尔三角洲三部曲(Hard Ground, Little Drops和Ipomu)。《硬地》，三部曲中的第一部，是本文的主要文本。全剧运用反讽的戏剧手法，以血的悲剧为主线推进剧情和主题。在批判性阅读中，该剧从外延和内涵/隐喻两个层面解读血腥/复仇悲剧。该剧的成功体现在剧作家对人物塑造的运用(如巴巴和尼米)和创造性地使用反讽来推进情节和使戏剧的冲突复杂化。
{"title":"Reading Ahmed Yerima’s Hard Ground as Tragedy of Blood","authors":"Azeez Akinwumi Sesan, Akeem Adewale Akinwale","doi":"10.47752/sjell.310.244.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47752/sjell.310.244.248","url":null,"abstract":"Niger Delta oil crisis has been one of the major social, political and economic problems confronting Nigeria. As a result, Nigerians of different arts and professions have been showing concern about this persistent confrontation between the federal government and Niger Delta militant youths. Literary writers have been reflecting this oil crisis in their literary creativity in any of the genres of poetry, drama and prose. Ahmed Yerima is one of the literary writers who have reflected the Niger Delta oil crisis in their literary creativity with the publication of his Niger Delta trilogy (Hard Ground, Little Drops and Ipomu). Hard Ground, the first of the plays in the trilogy is this paper’s primary text. The play uses dramatic device of irony to advance its plot and theme as the tragedy of blood. With critical reading, the play presents tragedy of blood/ revenge tragedy from two levels of interpretation: denotative and connotative/metaphorical. The play’s success is reflected in the playwright’s use of characterisation (as seen in Baba and Nimi) and creative use of irony to advance the plot and to complicate the play’s conflicts.","PeriodicalId":404858,"journal":{"name":"Sumerianz Journal of Education, Linguistics and Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130875348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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