Test case selection is a prime process in the engineering of test harnesses. In particular, test case diversity is an important concept. In order to achieve an even spread of test cases across the input domain, Adaptive Random Testing (ART) was proposed such that the history of previously executed test cases are taken into consideration when selecting the next test case. This was achieved through various means such as best candidate selection, exclusion, partitioning, and diversity metrics. Empirical studies showed that ART algorithms make good use of the concept of even spreading and achieve 40 to 50% improvement in test effectiveness over random testing in revealing the first failure, which is close to the theoretical limit. However, the computational complexity of ART algorithms may be quadratic or higher, and hence efficiency is an issue when a large number of previously executed test cases are involved. This paper proposes an innovative divide-and-conquer approach to improve the efficiency of ART algorithms while maintaining their performance in effectiveness. Simulation studies have been conducted to gauge its efficiency against two most commonly used ART algorithms, namely, fixed size candidate set and restricted random testing. Initial experimental results show that the divide-and-conquer technique can provide much better efficiency while maintaining similar, or even better, effectiveness.
{"title":"The ART of Divide and Conquer: An Innovative Approach to Improving the Efficiency of Adaptive Random Testing","authors":"C. Chow, T. Chen, T. H. Tse","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.19","url":null,"abstract":"Test case selection is a prime process in the engineering of test harnesses. In particular, test case diversity is an important concept. In order to achieve an even spread of test cases across the input domain, Adaptive Random Testing (ART) was proposed such that the history of previously executed test cases are taken into consideration when selecting the next test case. This was achieved through various means such as best candidate selection, exclusion, partitioning, and diversity metrics. Empirical studies showed that ART algorithms make good use of the concept of even spreading and achieve 40 to 50% improvement in test effectiveness over random testing in revealing the first failure, which is close to the theoretical limit. However, the computational complexity of ART algorithms may be quadratic or higher, and hence efficiency is an issue when a large number of previously executed test cases are involved. This paper proposes an innovative divide-and-conquer approach to improve the efficiency of ART algorithms while maintaining their performance in effectiveness. Simulation studies have been conducted to gauge its efficiency against two most commonly used ART algorithms, namely, fixed size candidate set and restricted random testing. Initial experimental results show that the divide-and-conquer technique can provide much better efficiency while maintaining similar, or even better, effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115171568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Test case generation is a vital procedure in the engineering of test harnesses. In particular, the choice relation framework and the category-partition method play an important role, by requiring software testers to identify categories (intuitively equivalent to input parameters or environment conditions) and choices (intuitively equivalent to ranges of values) from a specification and to systematically work on the identified choices to generate test cases. Other specification-based test case generation methods (such as the classification-tree method, cause-effect graphing, and combinatorial testing) also have similar requirements, although different terminology such as classifications and classes is used in place of categories and choices. For a large and complex specification that contains many specification components, categories and choices may be identified separately from various kinds of components. We call this practice an incremental identification approach. In this paper, we discuss our study involving 16 experienced software practitioners and three commercial specifications. Our objectives are to determine, from the opinions of the practitioners, (a) the popularity of an incremental identification approach, (b) the usefulness of identifying categories and choices from various kinds of specification components, and (c) possible ways to improve the effectiveness of the identification process.
{"title":"Incremental Identification of Categories and Choices for Test Case Generation: A Study of the Software Practitioners' Preferences","authors":"P. Poon, T. Chen, T. H. Tse","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.14","url":null,"abstract":"Test case generation is a vital procedure in the engineering of test harnesses. In particular, the choice relation framework and the category-partition method play an important role, by requiring software testers to identify categories (intuitively equivalent to input parameters or environment conditions) and choices (intuitively equivalent to ranges of values) from a specification and to systematically work on the identified choices to generate test cases. Other specification-based test case generation methods (such as the classification-tree method, cause-effect graphing, and combinatorial testing) also have similar requirements, although different terminology such as classifications and classes is used in place of categories and choices. For a large and complex specification that contains many specification components, categories and choices may be identified separately from various kinds of components. We call this practice an incremental identification approach. In this paper, we discuss our study involving 16 experienced software practitioners and three commercial specifications. Our objectives are to determine, from the opinions of the practitioners, (a) the popularity of an incremental identification approach, (b) the usefulness of identifying categories and choices from various kinds of specification components, and (c) possible ways to improve the effectiveness of the identification process.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125093089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haitao Zhang, Toshiaki Aoki, K. Yatake, Min Zhang, Hsin-hung Lin
With the growing demands for automotive auxiliary functions, more and more complex applications have been developed based on OSEK/VDX OS. However, how to completely check developed applications is becoming a challenge for developers. In this paper, we describe and develop an approach to check developed applications based on the SMT-based BMC. We have implemented a prototype tool and conducted some experiments. The experiments results show that our approach can be completely used to check the properties associated with (i) variables, (ii) mutual exclusion, (iii) service API and (iv) tasks execution sequences.
{"title":"An Approach for Checking OSEK/VDX Applications","authors":"Haitao Zhang, Toshiaki Aoki, K. Yatake, Min Zhang, Hsin-hung Lin","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.62","url":null,"abstract":"With the growing demands for automotive auxiliary functions, more and more complex applications have been developed based on OSEK/VDX OS. However, how to completely check developed applications is becoming a challenge for developers. In this paper, we describe and develop an approach to check developed applications based on the SMT-based BMC. We have implemented a prototype tool and conducted some experiments. The experiments results show that our approach can be completely used to check the properties associated with (i) variables, (ii) mutual exclusion, (iii) service API and (iv) tasks execution sequences.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122745382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tse-Chuan Hsu, Chih-Hung Chang, W. Chu, Shinn-Ying Ho, Nien-Lin Hsueh, Wei-Bin Lee
At present, the cloud is now being acclaimed as a less expensive with low maintenance, entirely secure and compatible alternative to traditional computing networks used by physicians and healthcare organizations worldwide. These sensors will collect all the information that is required and the sensors will transmit it into the cloud. These sensors are always-on, real-time data compiling, it rules out manual collecting work and possibility of typing errors, and, it reposes the deployment process, as wireless networking signifies no need for cabling or other physical setup. As healthcare IT turns more widely used, and data storage and retrieval costs raise, more hospitals are anticipated to adopt cloud computing, encouraging the overall healthcare IT market with great potential impact on Gerontology and Geriatrics HealthCare System.
{"title":"Applying Cloud Computing Technologies to Gerontology and Geriatrics Health Care System (GGHCS)","authors":"Tse-Chuan Hsu, Chih-Hung Chang, W. Chu, Shinn-Ying Ho, Nien-Lin Hsueh, Wei-Bin Lee","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.33","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the cloud is now being acclaimed as a less expensive with low maintenance, entirely secure and compatible alternative to traditional computing networks used by physicians and healthcare organizations worldwide. These sensors will collect all the information that is required and the sensors will transmit it into the cloud. These sensors are always-on, real-time data compiling, it rules out manual collecting work and possibility of typing errors, and, it reposes the deployment process, as wireless networking signifies no need for cabling or other physical setup. As healthcare IT turns more widely used, and data storage and retrieval costs raise, more hospitals are anticipated to adopt cloud computing, encouraging the overall healthcare IT market with great potential impact on Gerontology and Geriatrics HealthCare System.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129417532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yingqi Liu, Wei Li, Shujuan Jiang, Yanmei Zhang, Xiaolin Ju
The key issue of reducing software cost and improving software reliability is locating defective codes precisely and efficiently. In this paper, we propose a fault localization method which combines program slicing and Bayesian method. First, we perform dynamic program slicing according to the slicing criteria. Then, we calculate the posterior probability according to Bayesian Theory. Finally, we take the posterior probability as the suspicion degree of the statement and rank the statements in the descending order based on suspicion degree. We apply our approach to six open-source programs. The results of the experiments show that the method we propose can improve the precision of fault localization to some extent.
{"title":"An Approach for Fault Localization Based on Program Slicing and Bayesian","authors":"Yingqi Liu, Wei Li, Shujuan Jiang, Yanmei Zhang, Xiaolin Ju","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.29","url":null,"abstract":"The key issue of reducing software cost and improving software reliability is locating defective codes precisely and efficiently. In this paper, we propose a fault localization method which combines program slicing and Bayesian method. First, we perform dynamic program slicing according to the slicing criteria. Then, we calculate the posterior probability according to Bayesian Theory. Finally, we take the posterior probability as the suspicion degree of the statement and rank the statements in the descending order based on suspicion degree. We apply our approach to six open-source programs. The results of the experiments show that the method we propose can improve the precision of fault localization to some extent.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128732613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modelers want to model redundancy tactics in the design phase so as to provide fault-tolerance guidelines for the following development process. However, existing approaches usually interweave redundancy tactics into the functional models and result in complex and cluttered models, which are difficult and time-consuming to be maintained. To address this problem, we provide a modeling approach to separate redundancy tactics from the base functional models using aspect-oriented modeling. First of all, the conceptual models of redundancy tactics and their semantic constraints are provided for deriving the tactic aspects. After mapping the tactic concepts into the concepts of aspect-oriented modeling, UML profiles for specifying the tactic aspects are proposed. Based on our tactic aspects and their configured attributes, we provide a weaving algorithm to associate the tactic aspects with the base functional models. Finally, we compare our work with an existing tactic modeling approach through an avionics system model. The results show that our work can help modelers to reduce the modeling effort of components and dependencies significantly during the modeling process of redundancy tactics.
{"title":"Providing Support for Specifying Redundancy Tactics Using Aspect-Oriented Modeling","authors":"Xiang Qiu, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.61","url":null,"abstract":"Modelers want to model redundancy tactics in the design phase so as to provide fault-tolerance guidelines for the following development process. However, existing approaches usually interweave redundancy tactics into the functional models and result in complex and cluttered models, which are difficult and time-consuming to be maintained. To address this problem, we provide a modeling approach to separate redundancy tactics from the base functional models using aspect-oriented modeling. First of all, the conceptual models of redundancy tactics and their semantic constraints are provided for deriving the tactic aspects. After mapping the tactic concepts into the concepts of aspect-oriented modeling, UML profiles for specifying the tactic aspects are proposed. Based on our tactic aspects and their configured attributes, we provide a weaving algorithm to associate the tactic aspects with the base functional models. Finally, we compare our work with an existing tactic modeling approach through an avionics system model. The results show that our work can help modelers to reduce the modeling effort of components and dependencies significantly during the modeling process of redundancy tactics.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126366063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beatriz Marín, Giovanni Giachetti, Ó. Pastor, A. Abran
Conceptual models are key artefacts in software production processes that are based on MDD technology. These conceptual models are used as inputs in the process of code generation. Therefore, it is very important to be able to evaluate the quality of the models in order to improve the quality of the corresponding final applications. The development of an effective quality assurance technique requires knowing what kind of defects may occur in practice in the conceptual models used in MDD approaches. Conventional Conceptual Modeling approaches focus on the detection of defects that comes from either the data perspective or the process perspective. However, the interaction perspective also matters! This paper presents a list of technical defects that can be identified when performing the interaction modeling of an MDD environment. This list of defects provides an initial approach to evaluate the completeness of Interaction Models with respect to their use for the automatic generation of a final application. This paper also presents an example that illustrates how the completeness of an Interaction Model can be evaluated through defect detection.
{"title":"Interaction Models Matter in the Evaluation of Quality of Conceptual Models","authors":"Beatriz Marín, Giovanni Giachetti, Ó. Pastor, A. Abran","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.38","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptual models are key artefacts in software production processes that are based on MDD technology. These conceptual models are used as inputs in the process of code generation. Therefore, it is very important to be able to evaluate the quality of the models in order to improve the quality of the corresponding final applications. The development of an effective quality assurance technique requires knowing what kind of defects may occur in practice in the conceptual models used in MDD approaches. Conventional Conceptual Modeling approaches focus on the detection of defects that comes from either the data perspective or the process perspective. However, the interaction perspective also matters! This paper presents a list of technical defects that can be identified when performing the interaction modeling of an MDD environment. This list of defects provides an initial approach to evaluate the completeness of Interaction Models with respect to their use for the automatic generation of a final application. This paper also presents an example that illustrates how the completeness of an Interaction Model can be evaluated through defect detection.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133251423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mental illness belongs to emotional disease. Medication and psychotherapy have good effectiveness but cannot last long due to side effects of drugs and resistance of patients respectively. The study found that artistic paintings may supply treatment of mental illness: The use of aesthetic rules cured many patients, and the expression and function of catharsis of painting can reveal the patient's unconscious and provide physicians with accurate treatment. Computer graphics in the field of painting therapy has a broad application. Computer software is helpful to improve the quality of painting, and can simulate reality and set up a counseling system. Palette should set up some more curve tool in software, curve conforms to the psychological characteristics of the complex human, and it gives patients' full of humanistic care. On the palette should try to avoid black, gray and purple. Reading famous painting can significantly improve the patients' state of mind, but with positive themes for point cuts. Figurative painting and strong sense of order easily gives patients a sense of reality and certainty, and marks the boundaries with potential illness of mental.
{"title":"Towards Designing a Quality Software System for Mental Disease Treatment through Artistic Painting Therapy","authors":"Yingmei Wang, Jia Jiang, Hongji Yang","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.35","url":null,"abstract":"Mental illness belongs to emotional disease. Medication and psychotherapy have good effectiveness but cannot last long due to side effects of drugs and resistance of patients respectively. The study found that artistic paintings may supply treatment of mental illness: The use of aesthetic rules cured many patients, and the expression and function of catharsis of painting can reveal the patient's unconscious and provide physicians with accurate treatment. Computer graphics in the field of painting therapy has a broad application. Computer software is helpful to improve the quality of painting, and can simulate reality and set up a counseling system. Palette should set up some more curve tool in software, curve conforms to the psychological characteristics of the complex human, and it gives patients' full of humanistic care. On the palette should try to avoid black, gray and purple. Reading famous painting can significantly improve the patients' state of mind, but with positive themes for point cuts. Figurative painting and strong sense of order easily gives patients a sense of reality and certainty, and marks the boundaries with potential illness of mental.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124874257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metamorphic testing (MT) is a property-based automated software testing method. It alleviates the oracle problem by testing programs against metamorphic relations (MRs), which are necessary properties among multiple executions of the target program. For a given problem, usually more than one MR can be identified. It is therefore of practical importance for testers to know the nature of good MRs, that is, which MRs are likely to have higher chances of revealing failures. To address this issue we investigate the correlation between the fault-detection effectiveness of MRs and the dissimilarity (distance) of test case execution profiles. Empirical study results reveal that there is a strong and statistically significant positive correlation between the fault-detection effectiveness and the distance. The findings of this research can help to develop automated means of selecting/prioritizing MRs for cost-effective metamorphic testing.
{"title":"On the Correlation between the Effectiveness of Metamorphic Relations and Dissimilarities of Test Case Executions","authors":"Yuxiang Cao, Z. Zhou, T. Chen","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.43","url":null,"abstract":"Metamorphic testing (MT) is a property-based automated software testing method. It alleviates the oracle problem by testing programs against metamorphic relations (MRs), which are necessary properties among multiple executions of the target program. For a given problem, usually more than one MR can be identified. It is therefore of practical importance for testers to know the nature of good MRs, that is, which MRs are likely to have higher chances of revealing failures. To address this issue we investigate the correlation between the fault-detection effectiveness of MRs and the dissimilarity (distance) of test case execution profiles. Empirical study results reveal that there is a strong and statistically significant positive correlation between the fault-detection effectiveness and the distance. The findings of this research can help to develop automated means of selecting/prioritizing MRs for cost-effective metamorphic testing.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126434137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Tervonen, A. Haapalahti, L. Harjumaa, Jouni Similä
Global software engineering increases coordination, communication, and control challenges in software development. The testing phase in this context is not a widely researched subject. In this paper, we study the outsourcing of software testing in the Oulu area, research the ways in which it is used, and determine the observable benefits and obstacles. The companies that participated in this study were found to use the outsourcing possibility of software testing with good efficiency and their testing process was considered to be mature. The most common benefits, in addition to the companies' cost savings, included the utilization of time zone differences for around-the-clock productivity, a closer proximity to the market, an improved record of communication and the tools that record the audit materials. The most commonly realized difficulties consisted of teamwork challenges, a disparate tool infrastructure, tool expense, and often-elevated coordination costs. We utilized in our study two matrices that consist in one dimension of the three distances, control, coordination, and communication, and in another dimension of four distances, temporal, geographical, socio-cultural and technical. The technical distance was our extension to the matrix that has been used as the basis for many other studies about global software development and outsourcing efforts. Our observations justify the extension of matrices with respect to the technical distance.
{"title":"Outsourcing Software Testing: A Case Study in the Oulu Area","authors":"I. Tervonen, A. Haapalahti, L. Harjumaa, Jouni Similä","doi":"10.1109/QSIC.2013.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/QSIC.2013.53","url":null,"abstract":"Global software engineering increases coordination, communication, and control challenges in software development. The testing phase in this context is not a widely researched subject. In this paper, we study the outsourcing of software testing in the Oulu area, research the ways in which it is used, and determine the observable benefits and obstacles. The companies that participated in this study were found to use the outsourcing possibility of software testing with good efficiency and their testing process was considered to be mature. The most common benefits, in addition to the companies' cost savings, included the utilization of time zone differences for around-the-clock productivity, a closer proximity to the market, an improved record of communication and the tools that record the audit materials. The most commonly realized difficulties consisted of teamwork challenges, a disparate tool infrastructure, tool expense, and often-elevated coordination costs. We utilized in our study two matrices that consist in one dimension of the three distances, control, coordination, and communication, and in another dimension of four distances, temporal, geographical, socio-cultural and technical. The technical distance was our extension to the matrix that has been used as the basis for many other studies about global software development and outsourcing efforts. Our observations justify the extension of matrices with respect to the technical distance.","PeriodicalId":404921,"journal":{"name":"2013 13th International Conference on Quality Software","volume":"65-66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123129647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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