Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.267990
*. Enas Hafez et al.,
: Background: With the increase in population aging ; there is increase in the prevalence of dementia and this will be associated with development of behavioral and psychological symptoms which are very common and distressing to the caregivers. The most problematic symptoms associated with caregiver stress are agitation, aggression, wandering, purposeless activity, disinhibition, bing eating..etc,. Revised Memory and Behavioral Checklist RMBPC is a 24 items questionnaire used to measure the frequency of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and the degree of upset of caregivers (reaction) to these symptoms. Aim: to test validity and reliability of Arabic version of Revised Memory and behavioral problem checklist (RMBPC). Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study involving 100 caregivers of elderly patients previously diagnosed with dementia (moderate to severe) in community dwellings and all of them applied to fill out the Arabic version of RMBPC questionnaire. The questionnaire was subjected to Arabic translation and the reliability and validity were done to the test. Results: Arabic version of RMBPC is reliable by test re-test reliability. Alpha cronbach and internal consistency by item total correlation showing that there were seven questions of weak correlation. So they are deleted except question 1 and question 13 because of their clinical significance. After deletion of weak questions, the test is valid by construct validity. Construct validity was evaluated by using pearson's correlation coefficient showing that all subscales are strongly correlated with total score. Construct validity by using correlation matrix of RMBPC and other tools ; Zarit , Cornell , ADL &IADL showing that RMBPC is strongly correlated to Zarit and Cornell . Conclusion: The Arabic version of 19-items RMBPC is valid and reliable.
{"title":"Validation of Arabic version of Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist ( RMBPC ).","authors":"*. Enas Hafez et al.,","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.267990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.267990","url":null,"abstract":": Background: With the increase in population aging ; there is increase in the prevalence of dementia and this will be associated with development of behavioral and psychological symptoms which are very common and distressing to the caregivers. The most problematic symptoms associated with caregiver stress are agitation, aggression, wandering, purposeless activity, disinhibition, bing eating..etc,. Revised Memory and Behavioral Checklist RMBPC is a 24 items questionnaire used to measure the frequency of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and the degree of upset of caregivers (reaction) to these symptoms. Aim: to test validity and reliability of Arabic version of Revised Memory and behavioral problem checklist (RMBPC). Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study involving 100 caregivers of elderly patients previously diagnosed with dementia (moderate to severe) in community dwellings and all of them applied to fill out the Arabic version of RMBPC questionnaire. The questionnaire was subjected to Arabic translation and the reliability and validity were done to the test. Results: Arabic version of RMBPC is reliable by test re-test reliability. Alpha cronbach and internal consistency by item total correlation showing that there were seven questions of weak correlation. So they are deleted except question 1 and question 13 because of their clinical significance. After deletion of weak questions, the test is valid by construct validity. Construct validity was evaluated by using pearson's correlation coefficient showing that all subscales are strongly correlated with total score. Construct validity by using correlation matrix of RMBPC and other tools ; Zarit , Cornell , ADL &IADL showing that RMBPC is strongly correlated to Zarit and Cornell . Conclusion: The Arabic version of 19-items RMBPC is valid and reliable.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134450995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.267996
*. Emad El-Shebiney et al.,
Background : Nutritional deficiencies are frequently not detected or misdiagnosed in old age as they could mimic the natural changes associated with aging Aim : To screen the clinical manifestations of nutritional deficiencies among the elderly . Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 elderly participants with chronic diseases, aged 65 or more, chosen randomly from the outpatient clinic and inpatient at Menoufia university hospital, Egypt. Tools of the study: Demographic and clinical data; a checklist of symptoms and signs of common nutritional deficiency; and a subjective global assessment (SGA). Results : the distribution of potential nutritional clinical manifestations among elderly revealed was variable ; skin rash (29%), easy bruising (41%), loss or thinning of hair (75%), spooning of nails (20%), impaired vision at night (37%), clouding and corneal dryness. (57%), bleeding gums (56%), bone deformities (bowlegs, knocked knees, curved spine) (6%), bone tenderness (49%). There were statistically significant difference between SGA and the following chronic diseases: (DM, hepatic, renal, and rheumatic) also significance associations between (skin rash in sun-exposed areas in hepatic diseases (p = 0.04), spooning of nails in renal disease (p = 0.06), Impaired night vision in cardiac and diabetic patients (p = 0.001), rheumatic diseases had more bone tenderness and diarrhea (p = 0.001) Conclusion : The most common nutritional deficiency manifestations among elderly were; thinning or loss of hair, corneal drying or clouding, bleeding gum, easy bruising, and bone tenderness. SGA based nutritional status of elderly was (35%) well-nourished, (49%) mild to moderate, and (16%) severe malnutrition.
{"title":"Screening of Nutritional Deficiency Manifestations Among Egyptian Elderly: Cross-sectional study","authors":"*. Emad El-Shebiney et al.,","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.267996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.267996","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Nutritional deficiencies are frequently not detected or misdiagnosed in old age as they could mimic the natural changes associated with aging Aim : To screen the clinical manifestations of nutritional deficiencies among the elderly . Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 elderly participants with chronic diseases, aged 65 or more, chosen randomly from the outpatient clinic and inpatient at Menoufia university hospital, Egypt. Tools of the study: Demographic and clinical data; a checklist of symptoms and signs of common nutritional deficiency; and a subjective global assessment (SGA). Results : the distribution of potential nutritional clinical manifestations among elderly revealed was variable ; skin rash (29%), easy bruising (41%), loss or thinning of hair (75%), spooning of nails (20%), impaired vision at night (37%), clouding and corneal dryness. (57%), bleeding gums (56%), bone deformities (bowlegs, knocked knees, curved spine) (6%), bone tenderness (49%). There were statistically significant difference between SGA and the following chronic diseases: (DM, hepatic, renal, and rheumatic) also significance associations between (skin rash in sun-exposed areas in hepatic diseases (p = 0.04), spooning of nails in renal disease (p = 0.06), Impaired night vision in cardiac and diabetic patients (p = 0.001), rheumatic diseases had more bone tenderness and diarrhea (p = 0.001) Conclusion : The most common nutritional deficiency manifestations among elderly were; thinning or loss of hair, corneal drying or clouding, bleeding gum, easy bruising, and bone tenderness. SGA based nutritional status of elderly was (35%) well-nourished, (49%) mild to moderate, and (16%) severe malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115509496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.267997
*. Khalid E. Elsorady et al.,
: Aim : This study aims to determine predictors of mortality among hospitalized geriatric patients with COVID-19 with a particular concern about the predictive value of blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio (BAR). Methods : A retrospective cohort study included 114 geriatric patients (aged ≥ 60 years) admitted to a geriatrics hospital for isolation. A review of the medical files of participants was conducted to extract data regarding age, sex, comorbidities, clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and laboratory data including haematology, biochemistry and inflammatory markers on admission. BAR and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were calculated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Appropriate statistical analyses were operated. RESULTS : 59 (51.8%) patients died at the hospital. Comorbidities associated with mortality included diabetes mellitus, old stroke, hypertension, and cardiac disease besides higher CCI. Reporting of fever, fatigue, sore throat and delirium /altered mental status were also associated with mortality. Significant biomarkers included lower hemoglobin and serum albumin, higher total leukocyte count, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, c-reactive protein (CRP) and BAR. BAR at a cutoff of 12.92 mg/gm had the best predictive performance for mortality. Serum BAR > 12.92 mg/gm, albumin < 3.05 g/dl and CRP > 108 mg/l were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality CONCLUSION : Serum BAR > 12.92 mg/gm, albumin < 3.05 g/dl and CRP > 108 mg/l are independent predictors of mortality among hospitalized geriatric patients with COVID-19. BAR is a convenient biomarker and has the best predictive performance to early pick up COVID-19 geriatric patients at high risk of mortality.
{"title":"Blood Urea Nitrogen to Albumin Ratio is a Predictor of Mortality among Hospitalized Geriatric Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"*. Khalid E. Elsorady et al.,","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.267997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.267997","url":null,"abstract":": Aim : This study aims to determine predictors of mortality among hospitalized geriatric patients with COVID-19 with a particular concern about the predictive value of blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio (BAR). Methods : A retrospective cohort study included 114 geriatric patients (aged ≥ 60 years) admitted to a geriatrics hospital for isolation. A review of the medical files of participants was conducted to extract data regarding age, sex, comorbidities, clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and laboratory data including haematology, biochemistry and inflammatory markers on admission. BAR and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) were calculated. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Appropriate statistical analyses were operated. RESULTS : 59 (51.8%) patients died at the hospital. Comorbidities associated with mortality included diabetes mellitus, old stroke, hypertension, and cardiac disease besides higher CCI. Reporting of fever, fatigue, sore throat and delirium /altered mental status were also associated with mortality. Significant biomarkers included lower hemoglobin and serum albumin, higher total leukocyte count, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, c-reactive protein (CRP) and BAR. BAR at a cutoff of 12.92 mg/gm had the best predictive performance for mortality. Serum BAR > 12.92 mg/gm, albumin < 3.05 g/dl and CRP > 108 mg/l were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality CONCLUSION : Serum BAR > 12.92 mg/gm, albumin < 3.05 g/dl and CRP > 108 mg/l are independent predictors of mortality among hospitalized geriatric patients with COVID-19. BAR is a convenient biomarker and has the best predictive performance to early pick up COVID-19 geriatric patients at high risk of mortality.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133865691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.237002
Nany Hasan El Gayar, Mohamed Samy Gad, Akram El Deghedy, A. Mohsen
Introduction : Testosterone is hormone that has unique effect on man ’ s total body. Manifestations of low testosterone level in adult may include: low sex drive, emotional, psychological and behavioral changes. There is strong relation between depression and sexual dysfunction. Objective: the aim was to evaluate the level of male sex hormones in elderly men suffering from depression. Methods: This study included 60 subjects aged ≥ 65 years who were classified into two groups. Group I included 30 elderly depressed males, group II included 30 elderly non-depressed males. All participants were subjected to detailed history taking, routine laboratory investigations, sex hormonal assessment [total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index(FAI)=total testosterone/SHBG*100] and depression scoring using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). Results: There was no significant differences regarding total testosterone levels however, the level of SHBG was significantly lower in group I and free androgen index (FAI)was significantly higher in group I, there were no significant differences regarding the marital status or smoking. There were no significant correlations between the studied groups regarding age with total testosterone, SHBG or free androgen index. There were non-significant negative correlations between BDI and total testosterone or SHBG and non-significant positive correlation between BDI and FAI in group l, but in group ll there were non-significant positive correlations between BDI and total testosterone or FAI and non-significant negative correlations between BDI and SHBG in group ll. Conclusion: The level of total testosterone revealed no significant change but SHBG was lower and FAI was higher in depressed elderly males.
{"title":"Study of the level of male sex hormones in elderly patients suffering from depression","authors":"Nany Hasan El Gayar, Mohamed Samy Gad, Akram El Deghedy, A. Mohsen","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.237002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.237002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Testosterone is hormone that has unique effect on man ’ s total body. Manifestations of low testosterone level in adult may include: low sex drive, emotional, psychological and behavioral changes. There is strong relation between depression and sexual dysfunction. Objective: the aim was to evaluate the level of male sex hormones in elderly men suffering from depression. Methods: This study included 60 subjects aged ≥ 65 years who were classified into two groups. Group I included 30 elderly depressed males, group II included 30 elderly non-depressed males. All participants were subjected to detailed history taking, routine laboratory investigations, sex hormonal assessment [total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index(FAI)=total testosterone/SHBG*100] and depression scoring using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI). Results: There was no significant differences regarding total testosterone levels however, the level of SHBG was significantly lower in group I and free androgen index (FAI)was significantly higher in group I, there were no significant differences regarding the marital status or smoking. There were no significant correlations between the studied groups regarding age with total testosterone, SHBG or free androgen index. There were non-significant negative correlations between BDI and total testosterone or SHBG and non-significant positive correlation between BDI and FAI in group l, but in group ll there were non-significant positive correlations between BDI and total testosterone or FAI and non-significant negative correlations between BDI and SHBG in group ll. Conclusion: The level of total testosterone revealed no significant change but SHBG was lower and FAI was higher in depressed elderly males.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127917273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.236998
M. Tarek, Halla Sweed, H. Wahba
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia are common problems in the elderly that may pass unnoticed till deteriorated or affect elderly's function especially activities of daily living (ADL). MCI is also associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with MCI may develop any type of dementia as Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia and other types of dementias by rates about 8.1%, 1.9% and 9.6% respectively per year, so early detection and management will benefit both patient and caregiver. Non amnestic MCI is less common to progress to dementia than amnestic type while about 16% of cases may regress to normal. Due to the absence of actual disease-modifying treatment for late dementia, diagnosis and disease involvement at an early stage especially at the MCI stage has been widely accepted as a critical policy in disease management that could consequently affect long-term results and prevent its progression. MCI can be diagnosed using mental status evaluation in addition to other neurological, psychiatric, medical examination, neuroimaging and biological biomarkers. There are a lot of tools that can be used for screening of cognitive impairment of variable degrees of sensitivity and specificity such as Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-B). The aim of the work is to compare between MMSE and MoCA-B, which are commonly used cognitive screening tools, in illiterate Egyptian seniors. Methods: An observational clinical study was conducted on 100 illiterate Egyptian elderly having variable comorbidities aged ≥ 60 years recruited from the outpatient clinics of Mansoura university hospitals. Full history taking, comprehensive geriatric assessment, Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-B) were performed for all participants. Results: The current study showed that patients diagnosed as normal by MMSE were graded MCI and mild dementia by MoCA-B and so there was no significant agreement between MoCA-B and MMSE scale grades among the studied cases in illiterate Egyptian seniors ≥ 60 years (p=0.062). Conclusions: No agreement between MoCA-B and MMSE scale grades among the studied cases.
{"title":"Comparison between two common tools for cognitive screening in a sample of illiterate Egyptian seniors","authors":"M. Tarek, Halla Sweed, H. Wahba","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.236998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.236998","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia are common problems in the elderly that may pass unnoticed till deteriorated or affect elderly's function especially activities of daily living (ADL). MCI is also associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with MCI may develop any type of dementia as Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia and other types of dementias by rates about 8.1%, 1.9% and 9.6% respectively per year, so early detection and management will benefit both patient and caregiver. Non amnestic MCI is less common to progress to dementia than amnestic type while about 16% of cases may regress to normal. Due to the absence of actual disease-modifying treatment for late dementia, diagnosis and disease involvement at an early stage especially at the MCI stage has been widely accepted as a critical policy in disease management that could consequently affect long-term results and prevent its progression. MCI can be diagnosed using mental status evaluation in addition to other neurological, psychiatric, medical examination, neuroimaging and biological biomarkers. There are a lot of tools that can be used for screening of cognitive impairment of variable degrees of sensitivity and specificity such as Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-B). The aim of the work is to compare between MMSE and MoCA-B, which are commonly used cognitive screening tools, in illiterate Egyptian seniors. Methods: An observational clinical study was conducted on 100 illiterate Egyptian elderly having variable comorbidities aged ≥ 60 years recruited from the outpatient clinics of Mansoura university hospitals. Full history taking, comprehensive geriatric assessment, Minimental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-B) were performed for all participants. Results: The current study showed that patients diagnosed as normal by MMSE were graded MCI and mild dementia by MoCA-B and so there was no significant agreement between MoCA-B and MMSE scale grades among the studied cases in illiterate Egyptian seniors ≥ 60 years (p=0.062). Conclusions: No agreement between MoCA-B and MMSE scale grades among the studied cases.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134545061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.237001
Wafaa Abdel Gawad, A. Al-Ansari, S. Suroor, Sobhi Aboserea
: Purpose: Despite the unquestionable role of the primary care physicians in carrying the majority of high-quality care for patients under palliative care is well-known especially with the senior population, it is still not clear what their existing level of knowledge and attitude to palliative care is. Unfortunately, there is limited research. So, we aimed at detecting the knowledge and attitude of the primary care physicians toward palliative care in Kuwait. Patients and Methods: A survey using the Palliative Care Attitude and Knowledge questionnaire (PCAK) applied to twenty-five primary care clinics in Kuwait were selected by stratified random sampling method and 284 physicians were included. Results: The response rate was 79.2%(n=225). The uncertain attitude towards palliative care was reported in 53.3% (n=120) of primary care physicians while only 15(6.7%) had good knowledge. Only 31.2% reported excellent or very good experience in the management of pain and other symptoms respectively. Moreover, unfamiliarity with palliative care services in their community or length and types of coverage under palliative care benefits was reported in 141(62.7%) and 119 (52.9%). Regarding opioid initiation, types, toxicity and its role in refractory dyspnea, and the proper management of catastrophic bleeding, less than 50% responded appropriately. A higher knowledge score was a positive prognosticator for more optimistic attitude scores (OR: 1.088, 95% CI: 1.012-1.170, P-value: 0.023) Conclusion: The uncertain attitude and poor knowledge were reported in the majority of primary care physicians towards palliative care. Integrating palliative care into primary health care systems has to be initiated as possible to lessen the suffering of those patients and to meet the challenges of the ageing society.
{"title":"Primary Care Physicians’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Palliative Care. Is it time for integration?","authors":"Wafaa Abdel Gawad, A. Al-Ansari, S. Suroor, Sobhi Aboserea","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.237001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.237001","url":null,"abstract":": Purpose: Despite the unquestionable role of the primary care physicians in carrying the majority of high-quality care for patients under palliative care is well-known especially with the senior population, it is still not clear what their existing level of knowledge and attitude to palliative care is. Unfortunately, there is limited research. So, we aimed at detecting the knowledge and attitude of the primary care physicians toward palliative care in Kuwait. Patients and Methods: A survey using the Palliative Care Attitude and Knowledge questionnaire (PCAK) applied to twenty-five primary care clinics in Kuwait were selected by stratified random sampling method and 284 physicians were included. Results: The response rate was 79.2%(n=225). The uncertain attitude towards palliative care was reported in 53.3% (n=120) of primary care physicians while only 15(6.7%) had good knowledge. Only 31.2% reported excellent or very good experience in the management of pain and other symptoms respectively. Moreover, unfamiliarity with palliative care services in their community or length and types of coverage under palliative care benefits was reported in 141(62.7%) and 119 (52.9%). Regarding opioid initiation, types, toxicity and its role in refractory dyspnea, and the proper management of catastrophic bleeding, less than 50% responded appropriately. A higher knowledge score was a positive prognosticator for more optimistic attitude scores (OR: 1.088, 95% CI: 1.012-1.170, P-value: 0.023) Conclusion: The uncertain attitude and poor knowledge were reported in the majority of primary care physicians towards palliative care. Integrating palliative care into primary health care systems has to be initiated as possible to lessen the suffering of those patients and to meet the challenges of the ageing society.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123806885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.237000
Ehsan Abdelzaher, Rania M. Elakkad, S. Rohaiem, Asmaa F. Abdellah, S. Hamza
Background : Most persons with dementia in Egypt live at home, supported mainly by family caregivers, who often develop psychological problems due to this burden affecting their quality of life. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of a caregiver training program on relieving psychological problems of Egyptian caregivers of elderly patients with dementia. A prospective interventional study was conducted on one hundred caregivers of elderly demented patients recruited from the outpatient clinic at Abbasia Psychiatric Health Hospital. The sample was divided into two groups, a control group and a treatment group subjected to a 5 steps training program. Results : The training program was associated with a significant reduction in caregiver burden (P<0.001). Severity of depression decreased from 30% to 20% in the treatment group after education. Similarly, anxiety, assessed by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was observed to decrease from 80% to 70%. Conclusion : Training of family caregivers of persons with dementia can reduce family caregivers’ burden, stress, and improve their quality of life. Therefore, it is highly recommended.
{"title":"Caring for Geriatric Dementia Patients in Egypt: The Effect of an Educational Training Program for Caregivers","authors":"Ehsan Abdelzaher, Rania M. Elakkad, S. Rohaiem, Asmaa F. Abdellah, S. Hamza","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.237000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.237000","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Most persons with dementia in Egypt live at home, supported mainly by family caregivers, who often develop psychological problems due to this burden affecting their quality of life. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of a caregiver training program on relieving psychological problems of Egyptian caregivers of elderly patients with dementia. A prospective interventional study was conducted on one hundred caregivers of elderly demented patients recruited from the outpatient clinic at Abbasia Psychiatric Health Hospital. The sample was divided into two groups, a control group and a treatment group subjected to a 5 steps training program. Results : The training program was associated with a significant reduction in caregiver burden (P<0.001). Severity of depression decreased from 30% to 20% in the treatment group after education. Similarly, anxiety, assessed by the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was observed to decrease from 80% to 70%. Conclusion : Training of family caregivers of persons with dementia can reduce family caregivers’ burden, stress, and improve their quality of life. Therefore, it is highly recommended.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125875940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.237005
H. Tawfik, Radwa AbdelKader
Background: Coronavirus -19 (COVID-19) infection is associated with increased mortality and long-term complications. Aim: Comparison between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red cell distribution width (RDW) in their role in mortality detection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study collecting data from medical records of 114 patients admitted to quarantine hospital intensive care unit in Ain-Shams University due to COVID-19 infection. Data was collected regarding demography, comorbidities, length of hospital stay. Blood samples were withdrawn including complete blood count and c-reactive protein. RDW was recorded, NLR and PLR were calculated. Patients were divided according to their outcome into cases including 57 patients who died and controls including 57 survivor patients with comparison between both groups. Regression analysis was performed to detect predictors of mortality. Results: The mean age of the study population was 73.61 and more than half of them were males. Diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma were more prevalent in cases. By univariate regression analysis diabetes mellitus and NLR were associated with increased mortality. By multivariate analysis NLR is the only factor predicting mortality. NLR >12.4 had 57.89% sensitivity and 78.95% specificity for predicting mortality. Conclusion: NLR is the best inflammatory marker included the study and is associated with increased mortality in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality in those patients.
{"title":"The predictive role of red cell distribution width, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet lymphocyte ratio on mortality in COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units","authors":"H. Tawfik, Radwa AbdelKader","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.237005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.237005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus -19 (COVID-19) infection is associated with increased mortality and long-term complications. Aim: Comparison between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and red cell distribution width (RDW) in their role in mortality detection. Methods: A retrospective cohort study collecting data from medical records of 114 patients admitted to quarantine hospital intensive care unit in Ain-Shams University due to COVID-19 infection. Data was collected regarding demography, comorbidities, length of hospital stay. Blood samples were withdrawn including complete blood count and c-reactive protein. RDW was recorded, NLR and PLR were calculated. Patients were divided according to their outcome into cases including 57 patients who died and controls including 57 survivor patients with comparison between both groups. Regression analysis was performed to detect predictors of mortality. Results: The mean age of the study population was 73.61 and more than half of them were males. Diabetes mellitus and bronchial asthma were more prevalent in cases. By univariate regression analysis diabetes mellitus and NLR were associated with increased mortality. By multivariate analysis NLR is the only factor predicting mortality. NLR >12.4 had 57.89% sensitivity and 78.95% specificity for predicting mortality. Conclusion: NLR is the best inflammatory marker included the study and is associated with increased mortality in severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased mortality in those patients.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116644176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2022.237003
Safinaz Abousamra, Khaled El Sorady, Hossam Arafa Ghazi, H. Mohamed, S. E. El Said, Somia Ebeid
Background: A new neuropsychiatric battery named Ain-shams cognitive assessment tool (ASCA) targets MCI and dementia diagnosis. The current study aims to determine the diagnostic performance of ASCA among older adults with MCI. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included one hundred elderly persons (aged ≥60 years) both males and females recruited from El-Mansoura university hospital outpatients’ clinics, divided into 2 groups based on the Arabic version of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (A-RUDAS) score: Group A: Fifty participants with MCI, defined as A-RUDAS score<24. Group B: Fifty participants with normal cognitive function. The data collection process included: Step 1: Comprehensive geriatric assessment. Step 2: cognitive assessment by using A-RUDAS, Step 3: Applying ASCA. Step 4: Statistical analysis was done. RESULTS: The Mean age in the MCI group was 68.9±4.1 years. Participants who were assisted in IADL and had a higher risk of malnutrition were significantly more frequent in the MCI group, P-value 0.004 and 0.02 respectively. The total ASCA score for the current study participants at cut-off point ≤95 had perfect diagnostic characteristics in differentiating MCI from normal participants with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The total score of Verbal learning and recall tests of ASCA of the current study participants at ≤39 had the highest MCI diagnostic performance with sensitivity and specificity 96.0% and 90.0% respectively. There was no statistically significant association between the participants` educational level and their performance in ASCA battery tests. CONCLUSION: ASCA was a valid tool for MCI diagnosis among literate and illiterate participants.
{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Ain-Shams Cognitive Assessment tool among older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment","authors":"Safinaz Abousamra, Khaled El Sorady, Hossam Arafa Ghazi, H. Mohamed, S. E. El Said, Somia Ebeid","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2022.237003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2022.237003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A new neuropsychiatric battery named Ain-shams cognitive assessment tool (ASCA) targets MCI and dementia diagnosis. The current study aims to determine the diagnostic performance of ASCA among older adults with MCI. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study included one hundred elderly persons (aged ≥60 years) both males and females recruited from El-Mansoura university hospital outpatients’ clinics, divided into 2 groups based on the Arabic version of Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (A-RUDAS) score: Group A: Fifty participants with MCI, defined as A-RUDAS score<24. Group B: Fifty participants with normal cognitive function. The data collection process included: Step 1: Comprehensive geriatric assessment. Step 2: cognitive assessment by using A-RUDAS, Step 3: Applying ASCA. Step 4: Statistical analysis was done. RESULTS: The Mean age in the MCI group was 68.9±4.1 years. Participants who were assisted in IADL and had a higher risk of malnutrition were significantly more frequent in the MCI group, P-value 0.004 and 0.02 respectively. The total ASCA score for the current study participants at cut-off point ≤95 had perfect diagnostic characteristics in differentiating MCI from normal participants with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The total score of Verbal learning and recall tests of ASCA of the current study participants at ≤39 had the highest MCI diagnostic performance with sensitivity and specificity 96.0% and 90.0% respectively. There was no statistically significant association between the participants` educational level and their performance in ASCA battery tests. CONCLUSION: ASCA was a valid tool for MCI diagnosis among literate and illiterate participants.","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129647354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.21608/ejgg.2021.275620
Eman Gamal Afifi, H. Wahba, Ekramy Eissa Abdelrahman, M. Khater
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{"title":"The prevalence of sleep disorders among elderly females complaining of subjective cognitive decline","authors":"Eman Gamal Afifi, H. Wahba, Ekramy Eissa Abdelrahman, M. Khater","doi":"10.21608/ejgg.2021.275620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejgg.2021.275620","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":405276,"journal":{"name":"The Egyptian Journal of Geriatrics and Gerontology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126632354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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