OBJECTIVE There is currently a lack of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination policy and education for male youth in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate Thai male youth’s knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and vaccination, determine their HPV vaccination rate, and factors related to the vaccination rate and the level of awareness of HPV. METHODS A questionnaire survey on HPV vaccination was distributed to educational institutions across different regions of Thailand. Inclusion criteria included Thai male youth aged between 15 and 24 years, regardless of sexual orientation. Exclusion criteria were inability to access the internet, individuals whose responses were unintelligible, and those who did not complete the questionnaire. The trends of the association between participant characteristics and their HPV knowledge/awareness scores was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS A total of 594 individuals responded to the questionnaire. The median score for knowledge was 11 out of 18 and the awareness level was 80%. Higher education level, higher family income, bisexuality, and prior receipt of HPV information were statistically significantly linked to higher HPV knowledge scores. However, only previous receipt of HPV information was associated with an increased awareness level. CONCLUSIONS Although the level of HPV knowledge and awareness among Thai males was acceptable, less than 50% of participants expressed an intention to get vaccinated. This indicates there is a need to improve the promotion of the HPV vaccine in order to achieve herd immunity.
{"title":"Knowledge and Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Vaccination in Thai Male Youth, Including Men Who Have Sex With Men","authors":"Sethawat Sethasathien, Gun Pansuwan, Chotinan Khanoowatthana, Thanakrit Rattansiriwongwut, Thanatcha Chinarakbamrung, Pitchayut Inthasorn, Chalaithorn Nantasupha","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE There is currently a lack of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination policy and education for male youth in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate Thai male youth’s knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and vaccination, determine their HPV vaccination rate, and factors related to the vaccination rate and the level of awareness of HPV. METHODS A questionnaire survey on HPV vaccination was distributed to educational institutions across different regions of Thailand. Inclusion criteria included Thai male youth aged between 15 and 24 years, regardless of sexual orientation. Exclusion criteria were inability to access the internet, individuals whose responses were unintelligible, and those who did not complete the questionnaire. The trends of the association between participant characteristics and their HPV knowledge/awareness scores was analyzed using linear regression. RESULTS A total of 594 individuals responded to the questionnaire. The median score for knowledge was 11 out of 18 and the awareness level was 80%. Higher education level, higher family income, bisexuality, and prior receipt of HPV information were statistically significantly linked to higher HPV knowledge scores. However, only previous receipt of HPV information was associated with an increased awareness level. CONCLUSIONS Although the level of HPV knowledge and awareness among Thai males was acceptable, less than 50% of participants expressed an intention to get vaccinated. This indicates there is a need to improve the promotion of the HPV vaccine in order to achieve herd immunity.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"94 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitsanupong Ratarat, R. Natesirinilkul, Chane Choed-Amphai, Kanda Fanhchaksai, P. Charoenkwan, T. Tongsong
OBJECTIVE In Southeast Asia, hemoglobin (Hb) Bart’s disease is the primary cause of fetal anemia, although other causes are increasingly being identified. This study aimed to characterize the etiologies and outcomes of fetal anemia in northern Thailand. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted, involving pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Chiang Mai University Hospital between 2014 and 2021 and had a diagnosis by ultrasound findings of fetal anemia, or a fetal diagnosis of Hb Bart’s disease or other known hereditary anemias. RESULTS Among 71 fetuses from 64 pregnancies, 45 (63.4%) had Hb Bart’s disease. Twelve cases (16.9%) of fetal anemia were from other causes, including three cases of homozygous Hb Constant Spring, three cases of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis, one case of suspected red cell membrane disorder, one case each of Rh(D) alloimmunization, Hb H/Hb Pakse disease, transient abnormal myelopoiesis, syphilis infection, and one of unknown cause. All of the seven sets of twins (19.7%) had twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Intrauterine transfusion was given in four cases of fetal hemolytic anemia which rendered good outcomes. Overall, 12 cases (16.9%) survived beyond the neonatal period. CONCLUSIONS Hb Bart’s disease remains the leading cause of fetal anemia in northern Thailand. Increasingly, frequently diagnosed causes include hemoglobinopathies and red cell membrane disorders.
{"title":"Fetal Anemia in Northern Thailand: Etiologies and Outcomes","authors":"Chitsanupong Ratarat, R. Natesirinilkul, Chane Choed-Amphai, Kanda Fanhchaksai, P. Charoenkwan, T. Tongsong","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.13","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE In Southeast Asia, hemoglobin (Hb) Bart’s disease is the primary cause of fetal anemia, although other causes are increasingly being identified. This study aimed to characterize the etiologies and outcomes of fetal anemia in northern Thailand. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted, involving pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Chiang Mai University Hospital between 2014 and 2021 and had a diagnosis by ultrasound findings of fetal anemia, or a fetal diagnosis of Hb Bart’s disease or other known hereditary anemias. RESULTS Among 71 fetuses from 64 pregnancies, 45 (63.4%) had Hb Bart’s disease. Twelve cases (16.9%) of fetal anemia were from other causes, including three cases of homozygous Hb Constant Spring, three cases of hereditary pyropoikilocytosis, one case of suspected red cell membrane disorder, one case each of Rh(D) alloimmunization, Hb H/Hb Pakse disease, transient abnormal myelopoiesis, syphilis infection, and one of unknown cause. All of the seven sets of twins (19.7%) had twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Intrauterine transfusion was given in four cases of fetal hemolytic anemia which rendered good outcomes. Overall, 12 cases (16.9%) survived beyond the neonatal period. CONCLUSIONS Hb Bart’s disease remains the leading cause of fetal anemia in northern Thailand. Increasingly, frequently diagnosed causes include hemoglobinopathies and red cell membrane disorders.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"1134 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140761261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bongkot Jia-Mahasap, Withawat Vuthiwong, Pichayaponne Klunklin, P. Sripan, I. Chitapanarux, E. Tharavichitkul, Somvilai Chakrabandhu, W. Onchan
OBJECTIVE Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is a standard treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Reduced radiation doses at the hippocampal region during PCI might protect against neurocognitive decline after radiotherapy (RT). The purpose of this study is to report the outcome of hippocampal avoidance PCI (HA-PCI) in our center. METHODS After the initial treatment of SCLC, patients whose radiographic data confirmed the absence of intracranial metastasis and controlled of the primary disease received HA-PCI. Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE) and bilateral hippocampal volumes were recorded and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Singed Rank test to compare baseline and two time points (3 and 6 months). The two-year overall survival (OS) and brain control rates were estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. RESULTS Between 2018 and 2021, a total of 10 patients were included in the analysis. The median TMSE and bilateral hippocampal volumes showed no statistically significant difference between baseline and 3 and 6 months. Two-year OS and brain control rates were 78.8% and 71.4%, respectively. Three patients developed intracranial relapses after HA-PCI which were located outside the hippocampal region. CONCLUSIONS HA-PCI did not increase intracranial relapse in this study. HA-PCI should be considered as a treatment option which can potentially protect neurocognitive functions.
{"title":"Hippocampal Avoidance Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation using Helical Tomotherapy in Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"Bongkot Jia-Mahasap, Withawat Vuthiwong, Pichayaponne Klunklin, P. Sripan, I. Chitapanarux, E. Tharavichitkul, Somvilai Chakrabandhu, W. Onchan","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.09","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is a standard treatment for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Reduced radiation doses at the hippocampal region during PCI might protect against neurocognitive decline after radiotherapy (RT). The purpose of this study is to report the outcome of hippocampal avoidance PCI (HA-PCI) in our center. METHODS After the initial treatment of SCLC, patients whose radiographic data confirmed the absence of intracranial metastasis and controlled of the primary disease received HA-PCI. Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE) and bilateral hippocampal volumes were recorded and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Singed Rank test to compare baseline and two time points (3 and 6 months). The two-year overall survival (OS) and brain control rates were estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. RESULTS Between 2018 and 2021, a total of 10 patients were included in the analysis. The median TMSE and bilateral hippocampal volumes showed no statistically significant difference between baseline and 3 and 6 months. Two-year OS and brain control rates were 78.8% and 71.4%, respectively. Three patients developed intracranial relapses after HA-PCI which were located outside the hippocampal region. CONCLUSIONS HA-PCI did not increase intracranial relapse in this study. HA-PCI should be considered as a treatment option which can potentially protect neurocognitive functions.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"176 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140793908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE The plant species Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) is widely used in traditional medicine and is known to contain flavonoids, alkaloids, and other polyphenols which contribute to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties in addition to its being a remedy for cardiac diseases. Hyaluronic acid, present in skin and connective tissue, is well known for its tissue regeneration and wound healing properties. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of the hyaluronic acid gel combined with lotus seed extract and how this combination could be used as an effective local drug delivery system for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS A 2% solution of hyaluronic acid gel was combined with increasing concentrations of prepared lotus seed extract. A DPPH test was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of the resultant mixture at increasing concentrations. Additionally, anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a UV spectrometer, and the spreadability of the gel was measured using the sliding glass slide method. The values obtained were plotted on graphs.. RESULTS The DPPH scavenging assay revealed that lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel exhibited increased antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 at 76 μL. The lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel also showed increased anti-inflammatory properties in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 at 271 μL. Moreover, the spreadability of the lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel was found to be 42 mm. CONCLUSIONS Lotus seed extract shows potent antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities which vary with the concentration of the extract, and can serve as an effective local drug delivery system.
{"title":"Exploring Synergies of Lotus Seed Extract-Hyaluronic Acid Gel for Enhanced Local Drug Delivery","authors":"Nidhita Suresh, Kaviyaselvi Gurumurthy, Saranya K","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE The plant species Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) is widely used in traditional medicine and is known to contain flavonoids, alkaloids, and other polyphenols which contribute to its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties in addition to its being a remedy for cardiac diseases. Hyaluronic acid, present in skin and connective tissue, is well known for its tissue regeneration and wound healing properties. The present study aimed to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of the hyaluronic acid gel combined with lotus seed extract and how this combination could be used as an effective local drug delivery system for the treatment of periodontitis. METHODS A 2% solution of hyaluronic acid gel was combined with increasing concentrations of prepared lotus seed extract. A DPPH test was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of the resultant mixture at increasing concentrations. Additionally, anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using a UV spectrometer, and the spreadability of the gel was measured using the sliding glass slide method. The values obtained were plotted on graphs.. RESULTS The DPPH scavenging assay revealed that lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel exhibited increased antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 at 76 μL. The lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel also showed increased anti-inflammatory properties in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 at 271 μL. Moreover, the spreadability of the lotus seed extract with 2% hyaluronic acid gel was found to be 42 mm. CONCLUSIONS Lotus seed extract shows potent antioxidant and anti- inflammatory activities which vary with the concentration of the extract, and can serve as an effective local drug delivery system.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"195 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE Livor mortis is a helpful and widely used method of estimating postmortem interval (PMI) in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the value of a colorimeter as a tool for estimating the PMI. METHODS The color of livor mortis and control skin in 80 cadavers whose PMI was within 12 hours was measured by a colorimeter. The L* (brightness), a*b* (chroma and hue), and ∆E* values were compared to the control skin values. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship between PMI and skin color before and after application of a specific pressure. RESULTS The results showed that colorimetric parameters were only weakly correlated with the PMI. An univariable analysis of ∆E* values was performed and showed good discriminatory power, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.82. The recommended cut-off value of ∆E* was 14 for the discrimination between early PMI (less than 6 hours) and late PMI (6-12 hours), in which the sensitivity and specificity were 72.5% and 80%. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study reinforce the utility of colorimetric measurements in PMI estimation. With additional study and a larger sample size, the estimation of PMI could be established for general use in forensic practice.
{"title":"Estimation of Post-mortem Interval Based on Livor Mortis using a Colorimeter in Thai Populations","authors":"Seni Ngamloetphochit, Vijarn Vachirawongsakorn","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.11","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Livor mortis is a helpful and widely used method of estimating postmortem interval (PMI) in Thailand. This study aimed to investigate the value of a colorimeter as a tool for estimating the PMI. METHODS The color of livor mortis and control skin in 80 cadavers whose PMI was within 12 hours was measured by a colorimeter. The L* (brightness), a*b* (chroma and hue), and ∆E* values were compared to the control skin values. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the relationship between PMI and skin color before and after application of a specific pressure. RESULTS The results showed that colorimetric parameters were only weakly correlated with the PMI. An univariable analysis of ∆E* values was performed and showed good discriminatory power, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.82. The recommended cut-off value of ∆E* was 14 for the discrimination between early PMI (less than 6 hours) and late PMI (6-12 hours), in which the sensitivity and specificity were 72.5% and 80%. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study reinforce the utility of colorimetric measurements in PMI estimation. With additional study and a larger sample size, the estimation of PMI could be established for general use in forensic practice.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140763054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anusha Berikai Ananthakrishna, M. Mithun, Archana Harish, Fazeelath Ali, Onival Oushal Lewis, Pavithra Devi, Sushmitha Rao, V. Rajashekaraiah
OBJECTIVE Blood plasma, a complex biological mixture, plays a part in a variety of roles including clotting, defense, and transport, and reflects the overall status of blood components. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DIT) is characterized by abnormally low platelet count (below ~150,000 per μL) which can be caused by adverse effects of medications. This study aims to address a basic question, can plasma be employed as a sampling model to assess the oxidative stress (OS) changes and antioxidant status during DIT? The objective was to analyze the antioxidant status and OS in plasma during DIT, and to determine the effects of antioxidant supplementation such as Caripill™, L-Carnitine (LC), and vanillic acid (VA) during DIT. METHODS Male Wistar rats were used as animal models and grouped into control groups (n=5) and thrombocytopenia groups (n=5). Antioxidants were given to the thrombocytopenic and the control rats (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day for 7 days. Blood plasma from both groups was evaluated for total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzymes, markers of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and OS. RESULTS The antioxidants significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the plasma and decreased the levels of conjugate dienes. Caripill™ also reduced lipid peroxidation, significantly elevated protein sulfhydryl and nitrite/nitrate levels, LC elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, and VA increased superoxide dismutase activity and attenuated lipid peroxidation during DIT. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidants Caripill™, vanillic acid, and L-carnitine were demonstrated to be beneficial during DIT and to have prospects in alternate therapeutics. This study confirms that plasma can be utilized as a sampling model to study changes during OS situations.
目的 血浆是一种复杂的生物混合物，起着凝血、防御和运输等多种作用，并反映血液成分的整体状态。药物性血小板减少症（DIT）的特点是血小板计数异常偏低（每微升低于约 15 万），这可能是由药物的不良反应引起的。本研究旨在解决一个基本问题，即血浆能否作为一种取样模型来评估 DIT 期间的氧化应激（OS）变化和抗氧化状态？目的是分析 DIT 期间血浆中的抗氧化剂状态和 OS，并确定 DIT 期间补充 Caripill™、左旋肉碱 (LC) 和香草酸 (VA) 等抗氧化剂的效果。方法 以雄性 Wistar 大鼠为动物模型，分为对照组（n=5）和血小板减少组（n=5）。给血小板减少组和对照组大鼠服用抗氧化剂（50 毫克/千克体重），每天一次，连续 7 天。对两组大鼠的血浆进行总抗氧化能力、抗氧化酶、脂质过氧化标记物、蛋白质氧化和操作系统评估。结果 抗氧化剂明显提高了血浆的总抗氧化能力（CUPRAC）和铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP），并降低了共轭二烯的水平。Caripill™ 还能降低脂质过氧化反应，显著提高蛋白质巯基和亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐水平，LC 升高乳酸脱氢酶水平，VA 提高超氧化物歧化酶活性，减轻 DIT 期间的脂质过氧化反应。结论 证明抗氧化剂 Caripill™、香草酸和左旋肉碱在 DIT 期间是有益的，并具有替代疗法的前景。这项研究证实，血浆可作为取样模型，用于研究 OS 情况下的变化。
{"title":"Blood Plasma as a Sampling Model during Drug-induced Thrombocytopenia: Effects of Antioxidants","authors":"Anusha Berikai Ananthakrishna, M. Mithun, Archana Harish, Fazeelath Ali, Onival Oushal Lewis, Pavithra Devi, Sushmitha Rao, V. Rajashekaraiah","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.10","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE Blood plasma, a complex biological mixture, plays a part in a variety of roles including clotting, defense, and transport, and reflects the overall status of blood components. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DIT) is characterized by abnormally low platelet count (below ~150,000 per μL) which can be caused by adverse effects of medications. This study aims to address a basic question, can plasma be employed as a sampling model to assess the oxidative stress (OS) changes and antioxidant status during DIT? The objective was to analyze the antioxidant status and OS in plasma during DIT, and to determine the effects of antioxidant supplementation such as Caripill™, L-Carnitine (LC), and vanillic acid (VA) during DIT. METHODS Male Wistar rats were used as animal models and grouped into control groups (n=5) and thrombocytopenia groups (n=5). Antioxidants were given to the thrombocytopenic and the control rats (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day for 7 days. Blood plasma from both groups was evaluated for total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzymes, markers of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and OS. RESULTS The antioxidants significantly increased the total antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the plasma and decreased the levels of conjugate dienes. Caripill™ also reduced lipid peroxidation, significantly elevated protein sulfhydryl and nitrite/nitrate levels, LC elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, and VA increased superoxide dismutase activity and attenuated lipid peroxidation during DIT. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidants Caripill™, vanillic acid, and L-carnitine were demonstrated to be beneficial during DIT and to have prospects in alternate therapeutics. This study confirms that plasma can be utilized as a sampling model to study changes during OS situations.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140787572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ponglopisit, Jantira Wisuthimateenorn, Kuttareeya pheungsontonsirimas, Maneewan Inta
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the indications, complications, and outcomes of second-trimester genetic amniocentesis performed at Sanpatong Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study analyzed data collected from high-risk pregnant women who underwent second-trimester genetic amniocentesis at Sanpatong Hospital between October 1st, 2016 and September 30th, 2022. The data include indications for the procedure, complications, and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS A study of 451 women with high-risk pregnancies who underwent amniocentesis found that the most common indications for second trimester genetic amniocentesis were advanced maternal age (49.4%) and a high-risk Quad test (49.4%). Abnormal chromosomes were detected in 3.1% of cases, with aneuploidy the most common type (2.1%), primarily trisomy 21 (1.3%). The overall aspiration success rate was 100%. The only complications related to the procedure were pelvic pain (0.6%) and placental hematoma (0.2%). There were no fetal losses within 30 days after amniocentesis. The culture failure rate was 1.1%. Pregnancy outcomes included preterm delivery (12.3%) and normal term delivery (87.7%). CONCLUSIONS Performing second trimester genetic amniocentesis at Sanpatong Hospital, a mid-level secondary hospital, over a six-year period resulted in no fetal losses.
{"title":"Assessment of Second Trimester Genetic Amniocentesis: A Review of 6 Years of Experience at Sanpatong Hospital, A Mid-level Secondary Hospital Setting","authors":"S. Ponglopisit, Jantira Wisuthimateenorn, Kuttareeya pheungsontonsirimas, Maneewan Inta","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2024.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2024.07","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the indications, complications, and outcomes of second-trimester genetic amniocentesis performed at Sanpatong Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study analyzed data collected from high-risk pregnant women who underwent second-trimester genetic amniocentesis at Sanpatong Hospital between October 1st, 2016 and September 30th, 2022. The data include indications for the procedure, complications, and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS A study of 451 women with high-risk pregnancies who underwent amniocentesis found that the most common indications for second trimester genetic amniocentesis were advanced maternal age (49.4%) and a high-risk Quad test (49.4%). Abnormal chromosomes were detected in 3.1% of cases, with aneuploidy the most common type (2.1%), primarily trisomy 21 (1.3%). The overall aspiration success rate was 100%. The only complications related to the procedure were pelvic pain (0.6%) and placental hematoma (0.2%). There were no fetal losses within 30 days after amniocentesis. The culture failure rate was 1.1%. Pregnancy outcomes included preterm delivery (12.3%) and normal term delivery (87.7%). CONCLUSIONS Performing second trimester genetic amniocentesis at Sanpatong Hospital, a mid-level secondary hospital, over a six-year period resulted in no fetal losses.","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"259 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ultrasonography cross-sectional area (CSA) reference values of nerves in the upper extremity correlated with electrodiagnosis in healthy Thai adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed. Ninety participants were recruited and their CSA at 10 sites on the median, ulnar, and radial nerves were measured bilaterally. A nerve conduction study (NCS) was conducted and the correlations between the nerve CSA and age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and NCS parameters were studied. RESULTS The mean CSA ranged from 5.8±1.4 to 9.5±1.5 mm2 along the median nerve and 4.5±0.8 to 7.7±1.7 mm2 along the ulnar nerve. The mean CSAs of the radial nerve at the elbow and spiral groove were 5.0±0.9 and 4.6±0.8 mm2, respectively. The CSA of the median nerve at the wrist and the CSA of the radial nerve at the spiral groove were positively correlated with weight and BMI, whereas the CSA of the median nerve at the elbow was positively correlated only with weight. There was an association between CSA values and electrodiagnosis parameters as the nerve CSA increased, as the latency was prolonged, and as the amplitude decreased. CONCLUSIONS The reference values of nerve CSA in the upper extremity at multiple sites can be helpful in the evaluation of peripheral nerve disorders in the Thai population. KEYWORDS cross-sectional area, ultrasonography, peripheral nerves, electrodiagnosis
{"title":"Reference Values of Nerve Cross-sectional Area Obtained by Ultrasound in the Upper Extremity Correlated with Electrodiagnosis in Thai Adults","authors":"Siriwadee Ngernprasertsiri, Chapa Puprasert, Pariya Wimonwattrawatee","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2023.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2023.16","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE To evaluate the ultrasonography cross-sectional area (CSA) reference values of nerves in the upper extremity correlated with electrodiagnosis in healthy Thai adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed. Ninety participants were recruited and their CSA at 10 sites on the median, ulnar, and radial nerves were measured bilaterally. A nerve conduction study (NCS) was conducted and the correlations between the nerve CSA and age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and NCS parameters were studied. RESULTS The mean CSA ranged from 5.8±1.4 to 9.5±1.5 mm2 along the median nerve and 4.5±0.8 to 7.7±1.7 mm2 along the ulnar nerve. The mean CSAs of the radial nerve at the elbow and spiral groove were 5.0±0.9 and 4.6±0.8 mm2, respectively. The CSA of the median nerve at the wrist and the CSA of the radial nerve at the spiral groove were positively correlated with weight and BMI, whereas the CSA of the median nerve at the elbow was positively correlated only with weight. There was an association between CSA values and electrodiagnosis parameters as the nerve CSA increased, as the latency was prolonged, and as the amplitude decreased. CONCLUSIONS The reference values of nerve CSA in the upper extremity at multiple sites can be helpful in the evaluation of peripheral nerve disorders in the Thai population. KEYWORDS cross-sectional area, ultrasonography, peripheral nerves, electrodiagnosis","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138992736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the general world population, vitamin D insufficiency frequently occurs. Severe vitamin D deficiencies are more common in individuals who also have critical illnesses. Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation applied to the skin has an impact on the production of vitamin D. Through its anti-inflammatory and anti-autoimmune effects, vitamin D plays an immunomodulatory role. The regulation of calcium-mediated neuronal excitotoxicity, the decrease of oxidative stress, the induction of synaptic structure proteins as well as inadequate neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors are all aspects of how vitamin D functions in the nervous system. A lack of dietary consumption and inadequate sun exposure can cause vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for preserving brain health and function. Vitamin D deficiency can worsen the neurocognitive effects of disorders like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to the earliest stage of memory impairment or other cognitive function loss. It has been found that the volume of the hippocampus and white matter integrity are both on the decline which is related to this cognitive impairment. There has been only limited exploration of the brain-specific areas that undergo structural change in response to vitamin D status. The objective of the present article was to review the connections between vitamin D deficiency and structural changes in the brain including implications for neurocognitive and neurodegenerative disorders in order to provide additional understanding, especially of brain areas that are involved with neurocognitive functioning or neurodegenerative disorders. KEYWORDS vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25 (OH)D), vitamin D deficiency and brain image, vitamin D deficiency and neurodegenerative disorders
在全球人口中，维生素 D 不足的情况经常发生。严重缺乏维生素 D 的情况更常见于同时患有严重疾病的人。皮肤上的紫外线 B（UVB）辐射会影响维生素 D 的生成。维生素 D 具有抗炎和抗自身免疫作用，可发挥免疫调节作用。调节钙介导的神经元兴奋毒性、减少氧化应激、诱导突触结构蛋白以及神经递质和神经营养因子的不足，这些都是维生素 D 在神经系统中发挥作用的方式。饮食摄入不足和阳光照射不足会导致维生素 D 缺乏症。维生素 D 对维护大脑健康和功能至关重要。缺乏维生素 D 会加重帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症等疾病对神经认知的影响。轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）是指记忆力减退或其他认知功能丧失的最早阶段。研究发现，海马体的体积和白质的完整性都在下降，这与认知障碍有关。对于大脑中哪些特定区域会因维生素 D 状态而发生结构变化，目前的研究还很有限。本文旨在回顾维生素 D 缺乏与大脑结构变化之间的联系，包括对神经认知和神经退行性疾病的影响，以提供更多的了解，特别是与神经认知功能或神经退行性疾病有关的大脑区域。关键词：维生素 D 缺乏症、25-羟基维生素 D、25 (OH)D、维生素 D 缺乏症与大脑图像、维生素 D 缺乏症与神经退行性疾病
{"title":"Connections Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Brain Structural Changes: Implications for Neurocognitive Function and Neurodegenerative Disorders","authors":"Patcharin Ryden","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2023.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2023.18","url":null,"abstract":"In the general world population, vitamin D insufficiency frequently occurs. Severe vitamin D deficiencies are more common in individuals who also have critical illnesses. Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation applied to the skin has an impact on the production of vitamin D. Through its anti-inflammatory and anti-autoimmune effects, vitamin D plays an immunomodulatory role. The regulation of calcium-mediated neuronal excitotoxicity, the decrease of oxidative stress, the induction of synaptic structure proteins as well as inadequate neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors are all aspects of how vitamin D functions in the nervous system. A lack of dietary consumption and inadequate sun exposure can cause vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for preserving brain health and function. Vitamin D deficiency can worsen the neurocognitive effects of disorders like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to the earliest stage of memory impairment or other cognitive function loss. It has been found that the volume of the hippocampus and white matter integrity are both on the decline which is related to this cognitive impairment. There has been only limited exploration of the brain-specific areas that undergo structural change in response to vitamin D status. The objective of the present article was to review the connections between vitamin D deficiency and structural changes in the brain including implications for neurocognitive and neurodegenerative disorders in order to provide additional understanding, especially of brain areas that are involved with neurocognitive functioning or neurodegenerative disorders. KEYWORDS vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25 (OH)D), vitamin D deficiency and brain image, vitamin D deficiency and neurodegenerative disorders","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"646 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139026414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shankar Acharya, Jagadish Thapa, R. Chahal, K. Kalra, Deepak Kaucha
OBJECTIVE This study examined how osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) patients treated conservatively at a multi-specialty hospital were progressing clinically and radiologically. METHODS This cross sectional, observational study was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India during the period of July 2021 to October 2021. Cases with at least a 6-month follow-up were evaluated. VAS pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and local kyphotic angle (COBB’s angle) at the time of fracture and at the latest follow-up were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS There were 30 patients (female: male = 2.75:1) with a mean age of 67.37 years (45-85). The average VAS score at the time of fracturewas 8 (6 to 10) and at the time of final follow-up was 2 (1 to 6) (p = 0.001). The average ODI score at the time of fracture was 44 (35 to 62) and at the time of final follow up was 5 (4 to 40) (p = 0.001). The average Cobb’s angle at the time of fracture was 14.31o and at the final follow up was 15.66o (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Conservative management of OVF can lead to an increase in the local kyphotic angle. The fact that the patients experienced significant decreases in VAS pain scores and ODI scores by the final follow-up leads to the conclusion that patients can have a good quality of life even with conservative management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. KEYWORDS conservative management, osteoporotic, thoracolumbar, vertebral fracture
目的 本研究探讨了在一家多专科医院接受保守治疗的骨质疏松性脊椎骨折（OVF）患者的临床和影像学进展情况。方法 这项横断面观察性研究于 2021 年 7 月至 2021 年 10 月期间在印度新德里甘加拉姆爵士医院进行。对至少随访 6 个月的病例进行了评估。记录并分析了骨折时和最近一次随访时的 VAS 疼痛评分、Oswestry 残疾指数（ODI）和局部畸形角（COBB's 角）。结果 30 名患者（女性：男性=2.75:1）的平均年龄为 67.37 岁（45-85 岁）。骨折时的平均 VAS 评分为 8（6 至 10），最后随访时的平均 VAS 评分为 2（1 至 6）（P = 0.001）。骨折时的平均 ODI 评分为 44（35 至 62），最后随访时为 5（4 至 40）（P = 0.001）。骨折时的平均 Cobb 角度为 14.31o，最终随访时为 15.66o（p = 0.011）。结论 OVF 的保守治疗可导致局部畸形角增大。最终随访时，患者的 VAS 疼痛评分和 ODI 评分均显著下降，因此得出结论：即使对骨质疏松性椎体骨折采取保守治疗，患者也能获得良好的生活质量。关键词：保守治疗、骨质疏松、胸腰椎、椎体骨折
{"title":"Radiological and Functional Outcomes of Conservatively Managed Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures at the Thoracolumbar Junction: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Shankar Acharya, Jagadish Thapa, R. Chahal, K. Kalra, Deepak Kaucha","doi":"10.12982/bscm.2023.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12982/bscm.2023.14","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE This study examined how osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) patients treated conservatively at a multi-specialty hospital were progressing clinically and radiologically. METHODS This cross sectional, observational study was conducted at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India during the period of July 2021 to October 2021. Cases with at least a 6-month follow-up were evaluated. VAS pain score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and local kyphotic angle (COBB’s angle) at the time of fracture and at the latest follow-up were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS There were 30 patients (female: male = 2.75:1) with a mean age of 67.37 years (45-85). The average VAS score at the time of fracturewas 8 (6 to 10) and at the time of final follow-up was 2 (1 to 6) (p = 0.001). The average ODI score at the time of fracture was 44 (35 to 62) and at the time of final follow up was 5 (4 to 40) (p = 0.001). The average Cobb’s angle at the time of fracture was 14.31o and at the final follow up was 15.66o (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Conservative management of OVF can lead to an increase in the local kyphotic angle. The fact that the patients experienced significant decreases in VAS pain scores and ODI scores by the final follow-up leads to the conclusion that patients can have a good quality of life even with conservative management of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. KEYWORDS conservative management, osteoporotic, thoracolumbar, vertebral fracture","PeriodicalId":405540,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Sciences and Clinical Medicine","volume":"385 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138989716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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