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ACM SIGGRAPH 89 Panel Proceedings最新文献

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HDTV (Hi-Vision) computer graphics 高清电视(high - vision)计算机图形
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77286
K. Omura, R. Mochizuki, H. Tamegaya, Y. Kawaguchi, D. Miskowich
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. We'll begin the panel session -- HDTV Computer Graphics. I am Koichi Omura at Osaka Municipal University. I am the chair of this panel. At first I'd like to thank SIGGRAPH, giving us the opportunity speaking today.The first presentation is by Mr. Ryou Mochizuki. He is the controller of NHK Engineering Service Corporation. He will discuss the compact disc application of HDTV, and after that he will present the brief introduction of HDTV.
女士们,先生们,下午好。我们将开始小组讨论——高清电视计算机图形。我是大阪市立大学的大村光一。我是这个小组的主席。首先,我要感谢SIGGRAPH给我们今天演讲的机会。第一个演讲的是望月龙先生。他是NHK工程服务公司的主管。他将讨论高清电视的光盘应用,之后他将简要介绍高清电视。
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引用次数: 0
The multi-Media workstation 多媒体工作站
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77282
R. Phillips, P. Vais, Steve Perlman, K. Lantz, Marty Picco
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you very much for taking time out from the parties to join us for one of the peripheral activities of SIGGRAPH. As you know, the panel that we're going to be holding this afternoon is entitled the Multi-Media Workstation. Before I make some introductory remarks, I am required to make some administrative remarks. The first thing is to remind you that the proceedings of all of the panels are being audio taped this year for subsequent transcription and publication. What that means, is that when we have the audience interaction, please come to the microphones that are scattered around the floor to make your remarks. Otherwise, I won't be able to recognize you. The second thing I want to mention to you is that when we're done at 5:15 we are going to vacate the stage. We're going to vacate the room so the AV people can lock up. If you want to continue discussion with us, there's a breakout room that's been set aside, Salon J, which is down around the corner. So join us there please, because we'll be scooting out of here right away. Finally, I need to tell you that the --- for those of you who are involved --- the Pioneers Reception will be held between 6:00 and 9:00 at the Computer Museum this evening, and buses will leave from the Boylston Street exit of the Convention Center at 5:00, 5:30 and 6:00. Absolutely no video or audio taping allowed at the Pioneers. You don't want to hear any of those old reminiscences repeated. Let's get on with the business of the afternoon. Multi-Media Workstations. A couple of preliminary remarks that I think all of my colleagues up here will agree with. The things that we're going to be discussing this afternoon do not represent fundamentally new technologies. You've been able to buy add-in video cards and audio devices for personal computers and workstations for some years now. What we are going to be addressing is a confluence of many technologies --- hardware and software --- that has finally made it possible to envision a fully integrated system that will incorporate all of these multi-media capabilities. So we're giving you a vision of maybe not what you're seeing at this year's SIGGRAPH, but certainly a SIGGRAPH or two from now, I can confidently predict that you're going to be seeing workstations that incorporate the kinds of capabilities that you'll hear discussed this afternoon. I should also emphasize that we are not here to give the kind of a presentation that you might expect from a group of folks --- from the Media Lab or from Xerox PARC who are going to tell you about some of the far-out kinds of things that they're working on. I emphasize again the technologies that are being described this afternoon are almost here and now, and will soon be available to you. Now let me make some comments about how in my particular environment I came to be interested in the concept of a multi-media workstation. I think each of us will probably have different stories to tell abou
女士们,先生们,下午好。非常感谢您从各方抽出时间来参加SIGGRAPH的外围活动之一。如你们所知,我们今天下午要举行的专题讨论题为多媒体工作站。在我做一些介绍性的评论之前,我必须做一些行政上的评论。首先要提醒大家的是今年所有小组的会议记录都被录了下来以便后续的转录和出版。这意味着,当我们有观众互动时,请到散布在地板上的麦克风前发言。否则我就认不出你了。我想告诉你们的第二件事是,当我们在5点15分结束时,我们将腾空舞台。我们要腾出房间,好让AV的人把门锁上。如果你想继续和我们讨论,我们已经预留了一个分组讨论室,沙龙J,就在拐角处。所以请和我们一起去吧,因为我们马上就要离开这里了。最后,我需要告诉你们——对于那些参与其中的人——先驱者招待会将于今晚6点到9点在计算机博物馆举行,公共汽车将于5点、5点半和6点从会议中心的博伊尔斯顿街出口开出。在先锋队绝对不允许录像或录音。你可不想听到那些旧事重提。让我们继续下午的事情吧。多媒体工作站。我想这里所有的同事都会同意我的一些初步意见。我们今天下午要讨论的东西并不代表根本的新技术。你已经可以为个人电脑和工作站购买外接显卡和音频设备好几年了。我们要解决的是许多技术——硬件和软件——的融合,这最终使设想一个完全集成的系统成为可能,它将包括所有这些多媒体功能。所以我们给你的愿景可能不是你在今年的SIGGRAPH上看到的,但肯定从现在开始的一两个SIGGRAPH,我可以自信地预测,你将看到集成了各种功能的工作站,你将在今天下午听到讨论。我还要强调的是,我们在这里不是要做一场你可能期望的演讲,来自媒体实验室或施乐帕洛阿尔托研究中心的一群人,他们会告诉你他们正在研究的一些遥远的东西。我再次强调,今天下午所描述的技术几乎就在这里,而且很快就会提供给你们。现在让我谈谈在我的特殊环境中,我是如何对多媒体工作站的概念产生兴趣的。我想我们每个人可能都有不同的故事来讲述为什么多媒体对我们所涉及或设想的各种应用程序很重要。
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引用次数: 3
Operating systems and graphic user interfaces 操作系统和图形用户界面
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77292
J. Grayson, C. Espinosa, M. Dunsmuir, Mike Edwards, B. Tribble
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of myself and the panelists and SIGGRAPH, I'd like to welcome each of you to our session this afternoon. This afternoon we're going to be talking about operating systems and graphics user interfaces. Of course, I'm the panel chairperson. My name -- J. Paul Grayson, the chairman and CEO of Micrografx, and I feel very fortunate this afternoon to have a number of distinguished speakers here with me. I'd like to briefly introduce each one of those. As you're probably aware from looking at the program, there have been some last minute changes in the speakers. But I think we're very fortunate to have a number of unique and talented individuals with us this afternoon. So I feel very good about the speakers that we have. The first speaker this afternoon is Chris Espinosa, who is a technical consultant at Apple, but I think that description really doesn't do Chris justice at all. Many of you are aware that Chris has been in the personal computer business about as long as it has existed. He was one of the original members of the Home Brew Computer Club, was actually employee number eight at Apple Computer, and is now the most senior employee at Apple Computer. While at Apple he's had a number of significant accomplishments. He was originally responsible for the Apple II, was on the original Macintosh development team, was the author of the Macintosh user interface specifications, and has also been the product manager for Hypercard. The second speaker today will be Martin Dunsmuir, who is the director of Presentation Manager development for Microsoft. Martin has been with Microsoft for approximately four years. He is from the U.K., from Britain. So you may notice a slight accent. He was previously the director of Zenix Development for Microsoft. He was responsible for Zenix 386. He is also responsible for PMX, was part of the technical team that sold the PM behavior, the PM user interface to the OSF Motif Group, and has been the OS/2 Presentation Manager director since about March. The third speaker changed so recently I didn't have a chance to update his slide. So rather than Tommy Steele today, from IBM we have Dr. Mike Edwards. Mike is a software engineer in the PM technical office. He's been on assignment in Boca Raton for approximately 18 months, having originally been in Hursley as a Hursley PM developer, and I think he was planning on going back to Hursley in the next few days and got called in to do this. So I think his wife had to take care of some of the business, like selling the car and the house, while he came to Boston. Mike also has a very interesting background. He got into graphics while he was a student at Birmingham University in England, and he was part of a team of people that won a Nobel Prize in 1983 for particle physics. And I hope you'll hold your questions about particle physics until after the presentation is over. The last speaker today is also a very distinguished gentleman. Guy or
女士们,先生们,下午好。我谨代表我本人、小组成员和SIGGRAPH,欢迎各位参加今天下午的会议。今天下午我们将讨论操作系统和图形用户界面。当然,我是小组主席。我的名字是j·保罗·格雷森,Micrografx的董事长兼首席执行官,今天下午我感到非常幸运,有几位杰出的演讲者和我在一起。我想简单介绍一下每一种。你们看了节目单后可能已经意识到,演讲者在最后一刻做了一些变动。但我认为今天下午我们非常幸运地邀请到了一些独特而有才华的人。所以我对今天的演讲者感觉很好。今天下午的第一位演讲者是克里斯·埃斯皮诺萨,他是苹果公司的技术顾问,但我认为这样的描述并不能完全描述克里斯。你们中的许多人都知道,克里斯从事个人电脑行业的时间和它存在的时间一样长。他是家酿电脑俱乐部的创始成员之一,实际上是苹果电脑的第八名员工,现在是苹果电脑最资深的员工。在苹果公司期间,他取得了许多重大成就。他最初负责Apple II,是麦金塔最初的开发团队成员,是麦金塔用户界面规范的作者,也是Hypercard的产品经理。今天的第二位演讲者是Martin Dunsmuir,他是微软的Presentation Manager开发总监。马丁已经在微软工作了大约四年。他来自英国,来自英国。所以你可能会注意到轻微的口音。他之前是微软Zenix开发部门的主管。他负责Zenix 386。他还负责PMX,是向OSF Motif Group出售PM行为和PM用户界面的技术团队的一员,自3月份以来一直担任OS/2演示经理总监。第三位演讲者换了,所以最近我没有机会更新他的幻灯片。现在我们有来自IBM的麦克·爱德华兹博士,而不是汤米·斯蒂尔。Mike是PM技术办公室的软件工程师。他在博卡拉顿工作了大约18个月,最初是作为Hursley的PM开发人员,我想他打算在接下来的几天回到Hursley,然后被召唤去做这件事。所以我认为他的妻子不得不处理一些生意,比如在他来波士顿的时候卖掉汽车和房子。迈克也有一个非常有趣的背景。当他还是英国伯明翰大学的一名学生时,他就进入了图形学领域,他是1983年获得诺贝尔粒子物理学奖的团队成员之一。我希望你们把关于粒子物理的问题留到演讲结束后再提。今天的最后一位演讲者也是一位非常杰出的绅士。Guy或“Bud”Tribble是NeXT的创始人之一,他现在负责监督所有的系统软件开发。在此之前,他是Apple的软件经理,负责Macintosh和Apple II的系统和应用软件开发。今天下午的小组讨论——我们将按照我提到的顺序听取每位演讲者的发言。在每个演讲者之间,我可能会问一两个问题,试图从演讲者那里引出特定的主题。最后一位发言人发言后,我们将开放给观众提问。现在请和我一起欢迎我们的第一位演讲者,克里斯·埃斯皮诺萨。
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引用次数: 0
Digital canvas: artists and designers in the 2D/3D marketplace 数字画布:2D/3D市场中的艺术家和设计师
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77281
Rachel Carpenter, John Derry, C. Barry, P. Conn, V. Sørensen
I'm Rachel Carpenter, and this mike seems to be really alive.The films that you've been watching on the screen are from the Animation Screening Room, which is really hot this year. We've got a lot of wonderful pieces. It's in the Sheraton, just as you walk in from the Hines, and you'll see signs there. There are three viewing environments. Right at the beginning, there is a cafe environment where you can sit down with food and just watch things. There's a room next to it with monitors and then there's a large room with rear projection, large screen, lots of seats. There are schedules available. At any time you can watch two different things. I decided to put this panel together when I was working at a computer graphics school for artists and designers. People were always asking, "Well, where are the jobs? What kind of work is there, and why should I bother with computers?" So I got these people together who have been in the business, in various aspects, for many years, and have found their own way. They will tell you their stories and give you an idea of how to look for things. There are some very specific ideas. Other people seem to have been having the same thoughts because the education committee put together this wonderful Volume 23, Careers Handbook, and I suggest that you get it. It's in the education booth as you come into the Hines, there are all those booths --- well, the one on the end, toward the entrance, is called Space, they have up the student artwork. Volume 23 has categories of different kinds of jobs, career profiles, colleges and universities which are organized by topic first, if it's art and design or engineering or other types of signs or medical or whatever, and then by state. Then they have about the job search process. There's also a questionnaire at the end, which the people who put this together really urge everyone to fill out the questionnaire and send it in. It's a tremendous amount of information. They are available at the booth or you can call up ACM and order one. It's Volume 23. I also want to tell you about another really good opportunity for artists. I happen to be the United States Representative for Prix Ars Electronica; it's a competition in Austria for computer art, animation & music. They have significant cash prizes. So if you're interested in entering that after this is over, give me your address and I'll see that you get entry forms for that. You can also call me in California at 415-892-8254. Also, you've seen a lot of things while you've been here at SIGGRAPH and I want to let you know that everybody can participate. I started going to SIGGRAPH in 1980 when it was in Seattle. I'm not sure quite how many people were there then, but it was probably something like 17,000, and when I was SIGGRAPH '85 Art Show administrator in San Francisco, there were 27,000 people attending the conference. It keeps on growing because people are interested and because the industry is growing. You can contribute too. If yo
约翰拥有内布拉斯加大学奥马哈分校的绘画学士学位和密歇根州克兰布鲁克艺术学院的绘画硕士学位。自1982年以来,他一直从事计算机图形学。约翰找到了令人兴奋的方法,将传统方法与计算机图形学相结合,创造出两个世界独一无二的作品。他认为,公众在视觉上已经变得如此敏感,静态图像必须有更多的刺激,才能与人们每天看到的许多动态图像竞争。德里喜欢每一个新项目,并把它作为一个创造性的挑战。他在美术和印前领域工作。
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引用次数: 2
Retrospectives I: the early years in computer graphics at MIT, Lincoln Lab, and Harvard 回顾一:麻省理工学院、林肯实验室和哈佛大学计算机图形学的早期
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77279
Jan Hurst, M. Mahoney, N. H. Taylor, D. Ross, R. Fano
I am Jan Hurst; welcome to Retrospectives. In early 1988, SIGGRAPH funded a project which was called Milestones, the History of Computer Graphics. We believed it was important to capture the early history since the graphics of tomorrow continues to build upon its past. We established goals, and one result was to begin a series of retrospectives which focus on specific aspects of the industry. Boston seemed like the perfect opportunity to focus on MIT, Lincoln Lab, and Harvard.I hope that you will get a sense from the pioneers as to what graphics was like in its infancy in Boston. I hope that you will enjoy hearing about their experiences as I have. They have been absolutely charming and inspirational to work with, and I'd like to thank all of them at this time.The speakers have many things to share with you, so I will be brief. I want to thank SIGGRAPH for supporting and encouraging this project and I want to thank the Pioneers for their willingness to share their experiences and their knowledge with all of us.I want to introduce you to Michael S. Mahoney, who will act as the moderator for the retrospectives. Mike is a professor at Princeton, he is in the program in the History of Science, he is editor of the ACM History Series, and he is a distinguished member of the Milestone Advisory Committee. Mike.
我是简·赫斯特;欢迎参加回顾会议。1988年初,SIGGRAPH资助了一个名为“里程碑——计算机图形学的历史”的项目。我们认为捕捉早期历史非常重要,因为未来的图像将继续建立在过去的基础上。我们制定了目标,其中一个结果是开始了一系列的回顾,重点关注行业的特定方面。波士顿似乎是专注于麻省理工学院、林肯实验室和哈佛大学的绝佳机会。我希望你们能从拓荒者那里了解到图像在波士顿的雏形。我希望你们能像我一样喜欢听他们的经历。和他们一起工作绝对是迷人的,鼓舞人心的,我想在这个时候感谢他们所有人。演讲者有很多事情要与你们分享,所以我将简短地说。我要感谢SIGGRAPH对这个项目的支持和鼓励,我要感谢先驱者们愿意与我们所有人分享他们的经验和知识。我想向大家介绍Michael S. Mahoney,他将担任回顾会议的主持人。迈克是普林斯顿大学的教授,他是科学史项目的一员,他是美国计算机协会历史系列的编辑,他是里程碑咨询委员会的杰出成员。迈克。
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引用次数: 13
Effective software systems for scientific data visualization 有效的科学数据可视化软件系统
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77283
L. Treinish, J. Foley, W. Campbell, R. Haber, Robert F. Gurwitz
Good morning, and welcome to the panel session o n effective software systems for scientific data visualization . Before we get started, we want to make just a couple o f announcements . The entire proceedings will be taped . Therefore, when you come up during the interactive portion o f the session to ask questions, make sure you come to the mike s in the aisles . There should be plenty of them . And make sure that you identify yourself and your affiliation . In addition, we will have to vacate the room at 10 :30 . There is another panel session that's supposed to start a t 10 :45 . There will be a breakout room set up off to the left ; I think it's Salon D . That's it for the announcements . Despite the advancement of scientific visualization ove r the last several years, there is still significant problems i n bringing today's technology into the hands of the typica l scientist . In addition, visualization cannot stand alone . It's a critical part of the data analysis and understanding process, an d it is much more than a bunch of pretty pictu r es, and we hope t o illustrate these ideas to you . We've been involved in various aspects of buildin g visualization tools or interfaces to computer systems for non computer scientists in a variety of disciplines . We will outlin e some of the problems and solutions that we have encountered , as well as some of the unresolved issues . — TREINISH SLIDE 3 —
早上好,欢迎来到科学数据可视化的有效软件系统小组会议。在我们开始之前,我们想发布几个公告。整个诉讼过程将被录音。因此,当你在互动环节提问时,一定要走到过道的麦克风前。应该有很多。确保你表明了自己的身份和所属组织。另外,我们必须在10:30腾空房间。还有一个小组会议,预计10点45分开始。左边会有一个分组讨论室;我想是沙龙D。公告到此结束。尽管科学可视化在过去几年中取得了进步,但在将今天的技术应用到典型的科学家手中仍然存在重大问题。此外,可视化不能单独存在。它是数据分析和理解过程的关键部分,它不仅仅是一堆漂亮的图片,我们希望向你说明这些想法。我们参与了为不同学科的非计算机科学家构建可视化工具或计算机系统接口的各个方面。我们将概述我们遇到的一些问题和解决办法,以及一些尚未解决的问题。-结束幻灯片3 -
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引用次数: 14
Retrospectives II: the early years in computer graphics at MIT, Lincoln Lab, andd Harvard 回顾II:麻省理工学院、林肯实验室和哈佛大学计算机图形学的早期
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77280
Jan Hurst, Ejh Associates, M. Mahoney, J. T. Gilmore, Lawrence G. Roberts, R. Forrest, Jack John, T. Gilmore
I am Jan Hurst; welcome to Retrospectives. In early 1988, SIGGRAPH funded a project which was called Milestones, the History of Computer Graphics. We believed it was important to capture the early history since the graphics of tomorrow continues to build upon its past. We established goals, and one result was to begin a series of retrospectives which focus on specific aspects of the industry. Boston seemed like the perfect opportunity to focus on MIT, Lincoln Lab, and Harvard.I hope that you will get a sense from the pioneers as to what graphics was like in its infancy in Boston. I hope that you will enjoy hearing about their experiences as I have. They have been absolutely charming and inspirational to work with, and I'd like to thank all of them at this time.The speakers have many things to share with you, so I will be brief. I want to thank SIGGRAPH for supporting and encouraging this project and I want to thank the Pioneers for their willingness to share their experiences and their knowledge with all of us.I want to introduce you to Michael S. Mahoney, who will act as the moderator for the retrospectives. Mike is a professor at Princeton, he is in the program in the History of Science, he is editor of the ACM History Series, and he is a distinguished member of the Milestone Advisory Committee. Mike.
我是简·赫斯特;欢迎参加回顾会议。1988年初,SIGGRAPH资助了一个名为“里程碑——计算机图形学的历史”的项目。我们认为捕捉早期历史非常重要,因为未来的图像将继续建立在过去的基础上。我们制定了目标,其中一个结果是开始了一系列的回顾,重点关注行业的特定方面。波士顿似乎是专注于麻省理工学院、林肯实验室和哈佛大学的绝佳机会。我希望你们能从拓荒者那里了解到图像在波士顿的雏形。我希望你们能像我一样喜欢听他们的经历。和他们一起工作绝对是迷人的,鼓舞人心的,我想在这个时候感谢他们所有人。演讲者有很多事情要与你们分享,所以我将简短地说。我要感谢SIGGRAPH对这个项目的支持和鼓励,我要感谢先驱者们愿意与我们所有人分享他们的经验和知识。我想向大家介绍Michael S. Mahoney,他将担任回顾会议的主持人。迈克是普林斯顿大学的教授,他是科学史项目的一员,他是美国计算机协会历史系列的编辑,他是里程碑咨询委员会的杰出成员。迈克。
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引用次数: 12
Distributed graphics: where to draw the lines? 分布式图形:界限在哪里?
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77291
R. Phillips, M. Pique, C. Moler, J. Torborg, D. Greenberg
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to the panel entitled Distributed Graphics: Where to Draw the Lines? My name is Dick Phillips. I'm from Los Alamos National Laboratory and I'll be your chair this session. I'll be joined by a great group of panelists --- friends and colleagues all. Our second speaker following me will be Michael Pique from Scripps Clinic. Following him will be Cleve Moler from Ardent Computer. After Cleve we'll hear from Jay Torborg who is associated with Alliant Computer. And batting in the clean-up position is going to be Don Greenberg from Cornell University. I have to give you one administrative announcement. You probably know this by now if you've been attending panel sessions all week. But once again, these proceedings are being audio taped for subsequent transcription and publication. That means that when we open up the session for question and answer, which will be in another 30 or 40 minutes, if you would like to ask a question, you must come to one of the microphones that's situated in the aisles. They are just about in every aisle, part way back and close to the front. And to be recognized, please state your name and affiliation, and I'll remind you of that when we get into the question and answer session. The title of our panel begs a question --- where to draw the lines. Well, the trivial answer to that question is obviously on the display that you have available. The real implication of that title was where to draw the lines of demarcation for graphics processing. You're going to hear from me and from my other panelists several different points of view. Just when you thought everything was settling down and it was clear that all graphics processing was moving out to workstations or graphic supercomputers, you're going to hear at least two different points of view that may sound a bit nostalgic. Let me take you back in time just a bit, and this is a greatly oversimplified graphics time line --- where we have been and where we are and where we're going in the evolution of visualization capability. I'm not going to dwell too much on the part of this time line to the left. We're really interested in what's up at the right hand side. But I can't resist pointing out that back in the days which I have labeled pre-history here, a lot of us can remember getting excited about seeing output in the form of a printer plot, thinking that we were doing visualization and that that was really computer graphics. And I for one can remember the first time I had 300 band available to me on a storage tube terminal and I thought this is blazing speed. I cannot believe what kind of graphics capability I have got now. Where things really get interesting though, if you move along that time line to the right, up into the mid 1980s, I have put some I think seminal events on there --- Silicon Graphics introducing the geometry engine in the workstation. Well, workstations in general. That was a real watershed event that has changed the
女士们,先生们,大家早上好。欢迎来到“分布式图形:在哪里画线?”我叫迪克·菲利普斯。我来自洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室我将是这次会议的主席。我将和一群很棒的小组成员一起——朋友和同事。我之后的第二位演讲者是来自Scripps诊所的Michael Pique。紧随其后的是来自殷切电脑公司的克莱夫·莫勒。在Cleve之后,我们将听到与Alliant Computer有关的Jay Torborg。负责清理的是来自康奈尔大学的唐·格林伯格。我必须给你一个行政通知。如果你参加了一整周的小组讨论,你现在可能已经知道了这一点。但是,再一次,这些程序被录音,以供随后的转录和出版。这意味着,当我们开始问答环节时,这将是另外30到40分钟,如果你想提问,你必须来到过道上的一个麦克风前。它们几乎在每个过道里,靠后或靠前。为了被认出来,请说出你的名字和所属单位,等我们进入问答环节时我会提醒你们的。我们小组的标题回避了一个问题——界限在哪里。这个问题的简单答案显然就在你们现有的显示屏上。这个标题的真正含义是如何划分图形处理的界限。你们将从我和其他小组成员那里听到几个不同的观点。就在你以为一切都尘埃落定,所有的图形处理都将转移到工作站或图形超级计算机上的时候,你会听到至少两种不同的观点,听起来可能有点怀旧。让我带你们回到过去,这是一个非常简化的图形时间线——在可视化能力的进化中,我们曾经到过哪里,我们现在在哪里,我们将走向哪里。我不打算过多地讨论这条时间线左边的部分。我们真正感兴趣的是右边是什么。但我忍不住要指出,在我称之为史前的那些日子里,我们很多人都记得,看到以打印机绘图的形式输出的时候很兴奋,认为我们在做可视化,那是真正的计算机图形。我还记得我第一次在存储终端上使用300波段的时候,我认为这是惊人的速度。我简直不敢相信我现在的图像处理能力。真正有趣的是,如果你沿着时间线向右移动,到20世纪80年代中期,我在那里放了一些我认为具有开创性的事件——Silicon Graphics在工作站引入了几何引擎。嗯,一般来说是工作站。这是一个真正的分水岭事件,它改变了我们制作图形的方式和我们制作图形的地方。当我们进入20世纪80年代后期时,我注意到工作站图形加速器的出现。这些是专门的插件板,具有所有的图形功能,如Phong着色和高速转换内置。在这段时间内,出现了像殷捷、恒星和惠普/阿波罗这样的图形超级计算机。然后我们再看一下90年代我已经指出高速网络的出现将对我们进行图形显示的方式以及我们如何分配与之相关的活动产生深远的影响。让我给出一些非常简单的陈述,说明是什么导致了对专用图形硬件的需求——我谈到的加速器,以及图形超级计算机。就像我说过的,要过分简化,这当然需要实时转换和渲染。在过去的10到15年里,计算机图形学的所有进步,我们现在都可以在工作站和图形超级计算机的硬件中找到它们。另一个原因是我们想把所有的高速计算能力都带到桌面,就像现在一样,是为了弥补我们当时拥有的可悲的低通信带宽——事实上,我们现在拥有的。我甚至包括以太网,我大胆地说,FDDI,它并不在我们身上,对于我们想做的许多事情来说,也属于令人遗憾的缓慢类别。事实证明——至少在我看来——那些专门的硬件,尽管对很多很多应用来说都很好,而且毫无疑问,它已经彻底改变了我们制作交互式图形的方式——但它并不是对所有应用都有用。 我列出的第一个应用是我们做专门渲染的应用——我们称之为研究渲染。并不是所有我们想要的——并不是所有的渲染研究都完成了,对吧?所以Gouraud阴影法和Phong阴影法等等并不是最重要的。有很多有趣的工作正在进行。事实上,在这次会议上已经报道过了。这确实是想要在另一个系统上进行图形计算的一个小原因。但我列出的下一个是在许多安装中非常令人信服的原因,特别是在进行大规模重型模拟的地方。我提到过,我来自洛斯阿拉莫斯那当然是一个在超级计算机上进行计算的中心,需要可视化,因为计算的性质,所有的专用硬件在加速器板和图形超级计算机上都不一定有用。事实上,我认为在很多情况下,它没有任何价值。最后我想说的一点——在我给你们展示我所提到的这些模拟的一些具体幻灯片之前——即将发生的是,高速网络的出现——本地网络、国际和国家网络——将为这些大规模模拟提供一种利用图形硬件的方法,而这些硬件不一定具有我们刚刚谈到的专门功能。在洛斯阿拉莫斯,我们网络工程部门的一群人率先定义了所谓的高速通道规范。在我开始之前,让我给你们介绍一下在洛斯阿拉莫斯进行的各种计算——我知道在许多其他地方——这些计算根本无法利用我刚才提到的专用硬件。这恰好是与一些模拟的有限差分计算相关联的网格。它是什么并不重要,但我只是想向你们展示我们在谈论的是典型的成千上万个单独的网格点,我可以向你们保证这是一个相当稀疏的网格与我们大多数用户遇到的东西相比。我向你们展示这个的重点是,随着模拟时间的推移,每个时间步都有一个不同版本的网格。正在进行模拟的科学家们希望能够——无论是在事实之后,还是在时机合适的情况下——通过能够可视化网格在时间上的演变来引导正在进行的计算。它们需要被发送到一些显示设备上。理想情况下,你想以每秒24帧的速率来做,但我们可以通过一些计算,发现这在今天可用的网络带宽下是根本不可行的。我刚才讲的专用硬件在这里一点帮助都没有,因为我需要做的是为每一个时间步发送一个网格实例到显示设备,我刚才提到过。此外,洛斯阿拉莫斯和其他地方的科学家们希望能够拥有一个与数字实验室相对应的实验室。这是完全合成的,但你们可以——你们中的许多人可能在过去有过可视化技术和流体流动的经验,在那里你们可以通过各种照明技术看到冲击波。我们的目的是能够模拟这种情况,并能够显示流的演变——不一定是在计算时,但可能是在事实之后——但能够通过观察特定模拟的时间演变来挑选出重要的点。这些只是几个例子,它们促进了高速信道规范的发展以及洛斯阿拉莫斯的配套网络,我现在想说的是——只是为了让你不要认为哦,太好了,一个国家实验室的特殊用途解决方案,其他人永远无法使用——不是这样的。我相信在座的许多人都知道——我知道我们的一些小组成员要么知道,要么正在为他们的特定产品开发高速通道硬件。大约有30家供应商已经签署了高速通道规范。此外,数字设备公司正在建设相应的网络,称为CP*。我不打算在这里讨论网络细节,因为这不是我的重点。我真的很想描述一下现在数据传输的新高速公路,它有助于我的工作,帮助科学家们做他们需要做的可视化工作。 因此,我们在这里看到的是一个非常简化的视图,说明这个高速网络,规格为800兆比特,以及相应的跨条交换式网络,将如何在计算环境的各个组成部分之间实现有效的点对点连接——超级计算机、数据存储设备和显示设备。每个人——不像
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引用次数: 5
Hardware/software solutions for scientfic visualization at large reserach laboratories 大型研究实验室科学可视化的硬件/软件解决方案
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276.77284
L. Cook, G. Bancroft, K. Hussey, J. Dragon, W. Johnston
Good morning. My name is Linnea Cook from Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. This session is a panel session on hardware and software solutions for scientific visualization that are being pursued at some of the large research laboratories in the United States. This panel originated because I saw and other people at Los Alamos saw that we were pursuing different avenues of -- and quite vehemently -- pursuing different avenues of meeting our graphics needs. In Livermore in particular there was real strife for several years over graphics terminals versus graphics workstations. I thought that other people may benefit from seeing why people are pursuing some of the solutions that they are.Today there are five of us who are going to discuss a little bit about what the environment is that we work in and what we're each doing to solve the graphic needs in our environments, and also why we think our solution is the best.Each panelist is going to and make an eight to 10 minute statement to that effect. I will give each panelist a complete introduction when they get up to speak.I suppose I should tell you a little bit about who I am before we get started. My background is in math and computer science. I have a BS/MS in that, and I am currently a group leader for one of the computer science groups that supports one of our large physics divisions at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. Part of the work we do is to support our physicists with good computer graphics and I have been leading the graphics workstation effort for my group.Our first panelist to speak is Gordon Bancroft. He is from NASA Ames and he has a BS in aeronautics. He's been at NASA for six years, and is currently task manager of workstation applications, as part of the fluid dynamics division. He's involved in the creation of applications for visualization of fluid dynamic simulation. He has been involved in some of the procurement that NASA has been doing. Gordon.
早上好。我是劳伦斯利弗莫尔实验室的琳娜·库克。本次会议是一个关于科学可视化的硬件和软件解决方案的小组会议,这些解决方案正在美国的一些大型研究实验室中进行。这个小组之所以成立,是因为我和洛斯阿拉莫斯的其他人看到我们在追求不同的途径,而且非常强烈地追求不同的途径来满足我们的图像需求。特别是在利弗莫尔,在图形终端和图形工作站之间的斗争已经持续了好几年。我认为其他人可能会从了解人们为什么追求他们所追求的一些解决方案中受益。今天,我们五个人将讨论一下我们工作的环境是什么,我们每个人都在做什么来解决我们环境中的图形需求,以及为什么我们认为我们的解决方案是最好的。每个小组成员都要做一个8到10分钟的陈述。当每个小组成员站起来发言时,我会给他们一个完整的介绍。我想在我们开始之前,我应该告诉你我是谁。我的背景是数学和计算机科学。我有这方面的学士/硕士学位,我目前是一个计算机科学小组的组长,该小组支持劳伦斯利弗莫尔实验室的一个大型物理部门。我们所做的部分工作是用良好的计算机图形来支持我们的物理学家,我一直在领导我的小组的图形工作站工作。我们第一位发言的小组成员是戈登·班克罗夫特。他来自NASA艾姆斯,拥有航空学学士学位。他在NASA工作了六年,目前是工作站应用程序的任务经理,是流体动力学部门的一部分。他参与了流体动力学模拟可视化应用程序的创建。他参与了NASA一直在做的一些采购。戈登。
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引用次数: 1
ACM SIGGRAPH 89 Panel Proceedings ACM SIGGRAPH 89小组会议
Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/77276
R. Judd
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引用次数: 0
期刊
ACM SIGGRAPH 89 Panel Proceedings
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