Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003391
F. Viani, E. Giarola, F. Robol, A. Polo, A. Lazzareschi, A. Massa, T. Moriyama
The localization and tracking of moving people in indoor areas play a key-role in most of the applications related to security, ranging from intrusion detection up to crowd management. Such application fields deal with non-cooperative targets. To the best of authors knowledge, a simple, non-invasive, inexpensive, and scalable solution for the localization of transceiver-free people and crowd is still not available. The opportunistic exploitation of standard wireless technologies for the passive localization of people is here proposed. The propagation of wireless signals in complex and noisy environment can be inferred from the standard signal quality indicators, freely available on most of wireless commercial devices. Such information is related to the characteristics of the environment as well as to the people presence. In this paper, a multi-step procedure for the detection, occupancy level, and position estimation of moving people is presented.
{"title":"Passive wireless localization strategies for security in large indoor areas","authors":"F. Viani, E. Giarola, F. Robol, A. Polo, A. Lazzareschi, A. Massa, T. Moriyama","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003391","url":null,"abstract":"The localization and tracking of moving people in indoor areas play a key-role in most of the applications related to security, ranging from intrusion detection up to crowd management. Such application fields deal with non-cooperative targets. To the best of authors knowledge, a simple, non-invasive, inexpensive, and scalable solution for the localization of transceiver-free people and crowd is still not available. The opportunistic exploitation of standard wireless technologies for the passive localization of people is here proposed. The propagation of wireless signals in complex and noisy environment can be inferred from the standard signal quality indicators, freely available on most of wireless commercial devices. Such information is related to the characteristics of the environment as well as to the people presence. In this paper, a multi-step procedure for the detection, occupancy level, and position estimation of moving people is presented.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126291961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003315
D. Vizard, M. Gashinova, E. Hoare, D. Jasteh, L. Daniel, M. Cherniakov, Thuy-Yung Tran, N. Clarke
In this paper the requirements for low-THz automotive sensors are presented with the focus on THz imaging of the terrain in front of the vehicle. Initial imaging performance at 150 GHz radar is demonstrated and a planned extension using an advanced 300 GHz radar system is described. Antenna requirements for these systems are discussed.
{"title":"Antenna range evaluations of low THz imagers for automotive applications","authors":"D. Vizard, M. Gashinova, E. Hoare, D. Jasteh, L. Daniel, M. Cherniakov, Thuy-Yung Tran, N. Clarke","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003315","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the requirements for low-THz automotive sensors are presented with the focus on THz imaging of the terrain in front of the vehicle. Initial imaging performance at 150 GHz radar is demonstrated and a planned extension using an advanced 300 GHz radar system is described. Antenna requirements for these systems are discussed.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128906252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003337
P. Rocca, N. Anselmi, A. Massa, T. Moriyama, D. Bresciani
The analysis of the effects on the power pattern radiated by reflector antennas in presence of localized defects (also called bumps) of the parabolic surface is addressed by means of an innovative analytic strategy. The bump depths are supposed unknown or estimated with a given tolerance such that their deviations from the nominal surface can be expressed as intervals of values. The upper and lower bounds of the power pattern function including all possible patterns generated by the actual parabolic reflector with bumps having depths within the considered intervals are computed by means of the Interval Analysis. In order to show the effectiveness and efficacy of the proposed analytic tool, a benchmark example is reported and discussed.
{"title":"Interval-based tolerance analysis with localized surface errors in parabolic reflectors","authors":"P. Rocca, N. Anselmi, A. Massa, T. Moriyama, D. Bresciani","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003337","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the effects on the power pattern radiated by reflector antennas in presence of localized defects (also called bumps) of the parabolic surface is addressed by means of an innovative analytic strategy. The bump depths are supposed unknown or estimated with a given tolerance such that their deviations from the nominal surface can be expressed as intervals of values. The upper and lower bounds of the power pattern function including all possible patterns generated by the actual parabolic reflector with bumps having depths within the considered intervals are computed by means of the Interval Analysis. In order to show the effectiveness and efficacy of the proposed analytic tool, a benchmark example is reported and discussed.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117180323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003321
Fabien Degery, S. Morvan, O. Vacus
This work deals with the modeling of embedded antennas on aircrafts. A standard GPS patch antenna is chosen as a reference case to illustrate a comprehensive work from design to evaluation. To fit the topic of the special session, we focus on the disturbances on both impedance matching and radiation patterns induced by embedding in a cavity. Finally we explain how to adapt the antenna definition in order to compensate the coupling with its environment.
{"title":"Comprehensive modeling of an embedded GPS patch antenna","authors":"Fabien Degery, S. Morvan, O. Vacus","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003321","url":null,"abstract":"This work deals with the modeling of embedded antennas on aircrafts. A standard GPS patch antenna is chosen as a reference case to illustrate a comprehensive work from design to evaluation. To fit the topic of the special session, we focus on the disturbances on both impedance matching and radiation patterns induced by embedding in a cavity. Finally we explain how to adapt the antenna definition in order to compensate the coupling with its environment.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123983333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003424
T. Sakamoto, Toru Sato
A high-resolution imaging algorithm is proposed that uses ultra-wideband monostatic radar with only a single omni-directional antenna. With such a simple system, conventional radars can only measure distances between target and antenna. In a multipath environment, however, we can also use multipath echoes that can be separated from the actual echo in the time domain, if the pulse width is shorter than the difference in path lengths. Under this condition, assuming imaginary mirror images of the actual antenna, a radar image can be produced using delay-and-sum migration. However, images generated using DAS migration and imagenary-mirror antennas suffer from insufficient resolution. The proposed method uses multipath Green functions and Capon method to overcome limitations of conventional method. We apply the proposed method to numerical data and compare the imaging results with those from conventional methods. Results from applications demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional imaging methods.
{"title":"Exploiting multipath echoes with Capon method for high-resolution ultra-wideband radar imaging using a single omni-directional antenna","authors":"T. Sakamoto, Toru Sato","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003424","url":null,"abstract":"A high-resolution imaging algorithm is proposed that uses ultra-wideband monostatic radar with only a single omni-directional antenna. With such a simple system, conventional radars can only measure distances between target and antenna. In a multipath environment, however, we can also use multipath echoes that can be separated from the actual echo in the time domain, if the pulse width is shorter than the difference in path lengths. Under this condition, assuming imaginary mirror images of the actual antenna, a radar image can be produced using delay-and-sum migration. However, images generated using DAS migration and imagenary-mirror antennas suffer from insufficient resolution. The proposed method uses multipath Green functions and Capon method to overcome limitations of conventional method. We apply the proposed method to numerical data and compare the imaging results with those from conventional methods. Results from applications demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional imaging methods.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123028927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003367
F. D’Agostino, F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, M. Migliozzi
This work deals with the experimental validation of a probe compensated near-field - far-field (NF-FF) transformation with plane-polar scanning, which makes possible to lower the number of needed measurements, as well as the time required for the data acquisition when dealing with quasi-planar antennas. It relies on the use of the nonredundant sampling representations of electromagnetic fields, employing an oblate ellipsoid to shape an antenna under test characterized by quasi-planar geometry. A two-dimensional optimal sampling interpolation formula allows the reconstruction of the NF data at any point on the measurement plane and, in particular, at those required by the classical NF-FF transformation with the plane-rectangular scan. Some experimental results carried out at the UNISA Antenna Characterization Lab and assessing the effectiveness of the technique are shown.
{"title":"Laboratory testing on a nonredundant NF-FF transformation with plane-polar scanning optimized for quasi-planar antennas","authors":"F. D’Agostino, F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, M. Migliozzi","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003367","url":null,"abstract":"This work deals with the experimental validation of a probe compensated near-field - far-field (NF-FF) transformation with plane-polar scanning, which makes possible to lower the number of needed measurements, as well as the time required for the data acquisition when dealing with quasi-planar antennas. It relies on the use of the nonredundant sampling representations of electromagnetic fields, employing an oblate ellipsoid to shape an antenna under test characterized by quasi-planar geometry. A two-dimensional optimal sampling interpolation formula allows the reconstruction of the NF data at any point on the measurement plane and, in particular, at those required by the classical NF-FF transformation with the plane-rectangular scan. Some experimental results carried out at the UNISA Antenna Characterization Lab and assessing the effectiveness of the technique are shown.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115505375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003393
A. Nosich, T. Zinenko
The plane wave scattering and absorption by an infinite flat graphene strip grating are studied in the THz range in the H and E-polarization regimes. Accurate numerical treatment is based on the dual series equations and the analytical regularization technique. In the H-polarization case, the dominant feature is the excitation of the surface plasmon resonances on each strip.
{"title":"Method of analytical regularization in terahertz wave scattering and absorption by infinite gratings of graphene strips","authors":"A. Nosich, T. Zinenko","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003393","url":null,"abstract":"The plane wave scattering and absorption by an infinite flat graphene strip grating are studied in the THz range in the H and E-polarization regimes. Accurate numerical treatment is based on the dual series equations and the analytical regularization technique. In the H-polarization case, the dominant feature is the excitation of the surface plasmon resonances on each strip.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"9 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113931876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003411
G. Masters
Active Antennas are becoming more and more popular. Antennas that efficiently control amplitude and phase distribution as well as polarization have become standard in large phased arrays. Industry trends of low-cost sensors and increased computing power from field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) have made it possible to manipulate antenna apertures in real-time. Add the ability to provide pulsed RF, digital beam forming and/or polarization diversity and the antenna aperture becomes an antenna system controlling a highly customizable electromagnetic surface. In order to test antenna systems with this type of capability, special consideration for testing must be made during system design time. Understanding some of the latest active antenna techniques available today is invaluable to saving time, money and protecting proprietary information.
{"title":"Test and measurement planning for active antennas","authors":"G. Masters","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003411","url":null,"abstract":"Active Antennas are becoming more and more popular. Antennas that efficiently control amplitude and phase distribution as well as polarization have become standard in large phased arrays. Industry trends of low-cost sensors and increased computing power from field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) have made it possible to manipulate antenna apertures in real-time. Add the ability to provide pulsed RF, digital beam forming and/or polarization diversity and the antenna aperture becomes an antenna system controlling a highly customizable electromagnetic surface. In order to test antenna systems with this type of capability, special consideration for testing must be made during system design time. Understanding some of the latest active antenna techniques available today is invaluable to saving time, money and protecting proprietary information.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114210923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003408
J. Rosselló, F. Mira, A. Collado, A. Georgiadis
A 2×4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) aperture coupled patch antenna array has been designed and fabricated. This antenna operates in the unlicensed band of 24 GHz for wireless backhaul or radar applications. The microstrip patches are aperture-coupled with the feeding network composed of two branches with 4-slots series fed array.
{"title":"Substrate integrated waveguide aperture coupled patch antenna array for 24 GHz wireless backhaul and radar applications","authors":"J. Rosselló, F. Mira, A. Collado, A. Georgiadis","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003408","url":null,"abstract":"A 2×4 substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) aperture coupled patch antenna array has been designed and fabricated. This antenna operates in the unlicensed band of 24 GHz for wireless backhaul or radar applications. The microstrip patches are aperture-coupled with the feeding network composed of two branches with 4-slots series fed array.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124169675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003345
F. Parrini, F. Papi, M. Pieraccini
L-C trapped dipole has been a popular dual-band antenna for several decades. Its basic operating principle relies on a couple of parallel resonant circuits that cut-off a part of the dipole branches at a specific design frequency. In this paper a double-frequency (series and parallel) resonant circuit has been designed to operate as a trap and it has been experimentally tested. The advantage of this solution is that it makes the antenna input impedance more uniform in the sub-bands, improving its matching performances.
{"title":"Double resonance L-C trap for dual-band dipole antenna","authors":"F. Parrini, F. Papi, M. Pieraccini","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003345","url":null,"abstract":"L-C trapped dipole has been a popular dual-band antenna for several decades. Its basic operating principle relies on a couple of parallel resonant circuits that cut-off a part of the dipole branches at a specific design frequency. In this paper a double-frequency (series and parallel) resonant circuit has been designed to operate as a trap and it has been experimentally tested. The advantage of this solution is that it makes the antenna input impedance more uniform in the sub-bands, improving its matching performances.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121480268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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