A. R. Emparanza, Carlos Morales, J. M. Palacios, F. Caso, A. Nanni
There is a continued process to implement innovative materials to enhance the sustainability and durability of the built infrastructure. Technologies developed over the last two decades have facilitated the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as internal reinforcement bars (rebars) for concrete structures, which have proven to be an alternative to traditional steel reinforcement due to significant advantages, such as magnetic transparency and, most importantly, corrosion resistance, equating to durability and structural life extension. This study evaluates the durability of three different available and most commonly used GFRP rebar types, based on exposure to aggressive environments, such as those experienced in coastal areas. For that, the specimens were expose to high pH seawater solution (that simulates the alkalinity of the concrete exposed to seawater), at 60 oC for different periods of time: 45, 90, and 180 days. The durability of these GFRP rebars was assessed by testing four different physio-mechanical properties, including: tensile strength, elastic modulus, and transverse and horizontal shear strength. Preliminary results show that the resilience of the GFRP rebars after being exposed to high pH seawater at high temperature, varies considerably among the three different types. The tensile strength was the most affected physio-mechanical property.
{"title":"Durability Assessment of GFRP Rebars Exposed to High pH-Seawater","authors":"A. R. Emparanza, Carlos Morales, J. M. Palacios, F. Caso, A. Nanni","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.040","url":null,"abstract":"There is a continued process to implement innovative materials to enhance the sustainability and durability of the built infrastructure. Technologies developed over the last two decades have facilitated the use of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites as internal reinforcement bars (rebars) for concrete structures, which have proven to be an alternative to traditional steel reinforcement due to significant advantages, such as magnetic transparency and, most importantly, corrosion resistance, equating to durability and structural life extension. This study evaluates the durability of three different available and most commonly used GFRP rebar types, based on exposure to aggressive environments, such as those experienced in coastal areas. For that, the specimens were expose to high pH seawater solution (that simulates the alkalinity of the concrete exposed to seawater), at 60 oC for different periods of time: 45, 90, and 180 days. The durability of these GFRP rebars was assessed by testing four different physio-mechanical properties, including: tensile strength, elastic modulus, and transverse and horizontal shear strength. Preliminary results show that the resilience of the GFRP rebars after being exposed to high pH seawater at high temperature, varies considerably among the three different types. The tensile strength was the most affected physio-mechanical property.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123394338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Currently, there is still no information regarding the performance of public buildings after their construction and the relationship with the needs for carrying out maintenance activities. This paper presents some of the main anomalies detected in six schools, built between 1997 and 2003 in Lisbon. The analysis of the degradation condition of these schools was based on data obtained through detailed visual inspections, carried out in three distinct periods of their operation phase, 2007, 2013 and 2018. The highest level of severity mainly concerns defects on buildings structure and buildings envelope and results from bad decisions made during design and/or construction. Therefore, there are serious problems related to the premature deterioration of these educational buildings, requiring expensive, complex and unplanned major repairs to achieve their specified design service life. This work highlights the need for greater involvement of school building management entities, in the early stages of the building process, including design, tendering, construction and handover.
{"title":"Analysis of the Degradation Condition of Elementary Schools","authors":"Sónia Raposo","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.008","url":null,"abstract":". Currently, there is still no information regarding the performance of public buildings after their construction and the relationship with the needs for carrying out maintenance activities. This paper presents some of the main anomalies detected in six schools, built between 1997 and 2003 in Lisbon. The analysis of the degradation condition of these schools was based on data obtained through detailed visual inspections, carried out in three distinct periods of their operation phase, 2007, 2013 and 2018. The highest level of severity mainly concerns defects on buildings structure and buildings envelope and results from bad decisions made during design and/or construction. Therefore, there are serious problems related to the premature deterioration of these educational buildings, requiring expensive, complex and unplanned major repairs to achieve their specified design service life. This work highlights the need for greater involvement of school building management entities, in the early stages of the building process, including design, tendering, construction and handover.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130094679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper deals with the evaluation of the influence of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and the employment of high volume of fly ash (FA) on the physical, mechanical and durability (chloride ion penetration and carbonation) properties of concretes. The obtained values of which, being compared to those of conventional concretes. Concrete was produced using 0%, 25% and 50% FA in replacement of Portland cement, and 0% and 50% of RCA in substitution of natural aggregates. All the concretes were produced employing an effective water-cement ratio of 0.50. The physical properties at 28 days and the compressive strength at 7, 28 and 90 days were determined in all the concretes produced as well as the assessment of durability (penetration of chlorides and depth of carbonation) on all concrete mixtures. The depth of the carbonation was determined after submitting every concrete sample to a series of accelerated tests at 20% of CO2 concentration during 7, 14 and 28 days after the curing period in the humidity room and pre-condition in the laboratory. The chloride penetration was determined at 28 and 90 days of curing. It was concluded that the employment of 50% of un-carbonated RCA increased the early strength of concrete produced using FA, and at late ages, RCA concretes achieved similar strength when 25% of FA was employed. The concrete produced with 50% of FA achieved the highest resistance to chloride ion penetration also when RCA was employed. Although the use of FA increased the carbonation depth of the concrete samples, the employment of the un-carbonated RCA reduced that effect. The employment of RCA with CEM II or binder with 25% of FA caused the lowest carbonation
{"title":"Influence of High Volume Fly Ash and Recycled Aggregates in Chloride and Carbonation Resistance of Concrete","authors":"M. Etxeberria, F. Álvarez","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.168","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the evaluation of the influence of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and the employment of high volume of fly ash (FA) on the physical, mechanical and durability (chloride ion penetration and carbonation) properties of concretes. The obtained values of which, being compared to those of conventional concretes. Concrete was produced using 0%, 25% and 50% FA in replacement of Portland cement, and 0% and 50% of RCA in substitution of natural aggregates. All the concretes were produced employing an effective water-cement ratio of 0.50. The physical properties at 28 days and the compressive strength at 7, 28 and 90 days were determined in all the concretes produced as well as the assessment of durability (penetration of chlorides and depth of carbonation) on all concrete mixtures. The depth of the carbonation was determined after submitting every concrete sample to a series of accelerated tests at 20% of CO2 concentration during 7, 14 and 28 days after the curing period in the humidity room and pre-condition in the laboratory. The chloride penetration was determined at 28 and 90 days of curing. It was concluded that the employment of 50% of un-carbonated RCA increased the early strength of concrete produced using FA, and at late ages, RCA concretes achieved similar strength when 25% of FA was employed. The concrete produced with 50% of FA achieved the highest resistance to chloride ion penetration also when RCA was employed. Although the use of FA increased the carbonation depth of the concrete samples, the employment of the un-carbonated RCA reduced that effect. The employment of RCA with CEM II or binder with 25% of FA caused the lowest carbonation","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131806533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Isabeau Vandemeulebroucke, Steven Caluwaerts, N. V. Bossche
. The 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports important evolutions in the climate system. These changes are likely to affect the durability of the built environment. Although many contemporary studies investigate the future energy efficiency of buildings, research on the impact of climate change on the hygrothermal behaviour and degradation of building envelopes is rather scarce. Using climate projections, we studied the advantage of ‘hygrothermal response based’ analyses over ‘climate based’ analyses when assessing the impact climate change on façades. This paper presents a sensitivity study on solid masonry wall assemblies, before and after internal retrofitting, using three RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) projections of the ALARO-0 Regional Climate Model at the grid point of Brussels (BE). The findings suggest the necessity of a ‘hygrothermal response based’ analysis to study the sensitivity of the building envelope to climate change. Moreover, the largest sensitivity is observed for RCP 8.5, the scenario having the highest projected greenhouse gas concentrations by the end of the century.
{"title":"Freeze-Thaw Risk in Solid Masonry: Are ‘Hygrothermal Response Based‘ Analyses Mandatory when Studying the Sensitivity of Building Envelopes to Climate Change?","authors":"Isabeau Vandemeulebroucke, Steven Caluwaerts, N. V. Bossche","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.070","url":null,"abstract":". The 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports important evolutions in the climate system. These changes are likely to affect the durability of the built environment. Although many contemporary studies investigate the future energy efficiency of buildings, research on the impact of climate change on the hygrothermal behaviour and degradation of building envelopes is rather scarce. Using climate projections, we studied the advantage of ‘hygrothermal response based’ analyses over ‘climate based’ analyses when assessing the impact climate change on façades. This paper presents a sensitivity study on solid masonry wall assemblies, before and after internal retrofitting, using three RCP (Representative Concentration Pathways) projections of the ALARO-0 Regional Climate Model at the grid point of Brussels (BE). The findings suggest the necessity of a ‘hygrothermal response based’ analysis to study the sensitivity of the building envelope to climate change. Moreover, the largest sensitivity is observed for RCP 8.5, the scenario having the highest projected greenhouse gas concentrations by the end of the century.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129170474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have received extensive attention as a sustainable solution for seismic strengthening of masonry and historical structures. This new system is composed of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix and is applied on the masonry and the concrete substrate surface as an externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) system. The bond at the textile-to-mortar interfaces is the main stress-transfer mechanism and, therefore, should be thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the effectiveness of TRMs in improving the seismic performance of existing structures is highly dependent on the durability of its components, materials, textile-to-mortar bond, and their long-term behavior. Due to the novelty of these materials in application to masonry structures, several aspects related to the durability and long-term performance of them are still not clear. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at the time effect on the mechanical properties and bond behavior between fiber and mortar. For this purpose, two different hydraulic lime-based mortars, as well as steel and glass fibers, are used to investigate the effect of mortar age on the TRM system after 180 days. The results show that at the early age of mortars, their mechanical properties, and the bond behavior of textile-to-mortar have been increased. Another critical point to remember is that by increasing the mortar age, textile-to-mortar bond and mortar strength are decreased.
{"title":"Effect of Mortar Age on the Textile-to-Mortar Bond Behavior","authors":"A. Dalalbashi, B. Ghiassi, D. Oliveira","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.055","url":null,"abstract":"Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) composites have received extensive attention as a sustainable solution for seismic strengthening of masonry and historical structures. This new system is composed of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix and is applied on the masonry and the concrete substrate surface as an externally bonded reinforcement (EBR) system. The bond at the textile-to-mortar interfaces is the main stress-transfer mechanism and, therefore, should be thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the effectiveness of TRMs in improving the seismic performance of existing structures is highly dependent on the durability of its components, materials, textile-to-mortar bond, and their long-term behavior. Due to the novelty of these materials in application to masonry structures, several aspects related to the durability and long-term performance of them are still not clear. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at the time effect on the mechanical properties and bond behavior between fiber and mortar. For this purpose, two different hydraulic lime-based mortars, as well as steel and glass fibers, are used to investigate the effect of mortar age on the TRM system after 180 days. The results show that at the early age of mortars, their mechanical properties, and the bond behavior of textile-to-mortar have been increased. Another critical point to remember is that by increasing the mortar age, textile-to-mortar bond and mortar strength are decreased.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129476531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Decrease in performance of building facades, components, and materials before their service life is an unexpected situation. Therefore, detecting the probable causes of these anomalies plays a crucial role in maintenance planning. This study aims to determine the environmental deterioration factors which affect the performance of buildings, especially building façades, through two case buildings situated in the same university campus in Istanbul. The methodological framework of the study is based on visual observations and literature review. Through observations on a different period of time, anomalies have been detected and photographed. In the first case, it has been focused on metal claddings on building façade. In the second case, it has been focused on GFRC panels which have the majority of the North façade. Within the help of literature and observations, two cases have been compared to each other in terms of their deterioration factors and interpreted through graphs. In the first case, occurred deteriorations have been detected such as uniform dirt, corrosion, joint degradation, mechanical impacts, and delamination. in the second case, deteriorations have been observed such as biological staining, uniform dirt, moisture rising, and design failures.
{"title":"Environmental Deterioration Factors in Metal Claddings and GFRC Panels Implemented on Facades: An Assessment through Two Cases in Istanbul","authors":"Sahar Manafvand Ardi, Begum Diker, Payam Kanani Bahri","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.060","url":null,"abstract":"Decrease in performance of building facades, components, and materials before their service life is an unexpected situation. Therefore, detecting the probable causes of these anomalies plays a crucial role in maintenance planning. This study aims to determine the environmental deterioration factors which affect the performance of buildings, especially building façades, through two case buildings situated in the same university campus in Istanbul. The methodological framework of the study is based on visual observations and literature review. Through observations on a different period of time, anomalies have been detected and photographed. In the first case, it has been focused on metal claddings on building façade. In the second case, it has been focused on GFRC panels which have the majority of the North façade. Within the help of literature and observations, two cases have been compared to each other in terms of their deterioration factors and interpreted through graphs. In the first case, occurred deteriorations have been detected such as uniform dirt, corrosion, joint degradation, mechanical impacts, and delamination. in the second case, deteriorations have been observed such as biological staining, uniform dirt, moisture rising, and design failures.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129206004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Palomar, G. Barluenga, Hugo Varela, Javier Puentes, Ángel Rodríguez
. Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is an effective, reliable and safer technology to cast-in-place concrete structures. However, the large amount of paste required to achieve its high flowability may increase drying shrinkage at early age, due to the undesirable effects of curing conditions, producing micro-cracking and damaging concrete members. When this happens, an evaluation of the hardened SCC is necessary and Non-destructive testing techniques (NDT) can be suitable. Among NDT, Ultrasonic pulses (US) have showed to be very useful due to its portability, easiness of application and sensitivity to changes in material microstructure, porosity and presence of defects. In order to evaluate the applicability of ultrasonic (US) waves to better understand the relations among composition, microstructure, properties, curing conditions and micro-cracking, an experimental program using transmission P-and S-waves was carried out on SCC with limestone filler (LF), microsilica (MS) and nanosilica (NS), set and hardened under different curing conditions: 10, 20 and 30 °C and 40 and 80 % relative humidity. Free shrinkage and double displacement restrained slabs were tested and cracking potential due to Early Age Shrinkage was assessed. Ultrasonic transmission time and wave amplitude of the raw US signal were measured and Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and attenuation coefficient were calculated. In addition, some physical and mechanical properties of cracked and un-cracked samples were measured. The aim of this study was to compare US parameters to hardened properties of cracked and un-cracked SCC. Correlations for SCC micro-cracking based on US parameters were identified, demonstrating the potential of using transmission US P-and S-waves as an evaluation technique for micro-damaged SCC.
{"title":"Non-Destructive Evaluation of Micro-Cracked SCC by Ultrasonic Waves","authors":"I. Palomar, G. Barluenga, Hugo Varela, Javier Puentes, Ángel Rodríguez","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.101","url":null,"abstract":". Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is an effective, reliable and safer technology to cast-in-place concrete structures. However, the large amount of paste required to achieve its high flowability may increase drying shrinkage at early age, due to the undesirable effects of curing conditions, producing micro-cracking and damaging concrete members. When this happens, an evaluation of the hardened SCC is necessary and Non-destructive testing techniques (NDT) can be suitable. Among NDT, Ultrasonic pulses (US) have showed to be very useful due to its portability, easiness of application and sensitivity to changes in material microstructure, porosity and presence of defects. In order to evaluate the applicability of ultrasonic (US) waves to better understand the relations among composition, microstructure, properties, curing conditions and micro-cracking, an experimental program using transmission P-and S-waves was carried out on SCC with limestone filler (LF), microsilica (MS) and nanosilica (NS), set and hardened under different curing conditions: 10, 20 and 30 °C and 40 and 80 % relative humidity. Free shrinkage and double displacement restrained slabs were tested and cracking potential due to Early Age Shrinkage was assessed. Ultrasonic transmission time and wave amplitude of the raw US signal were measured and Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and attenuation coefficient were calculated. In addition, some physical and mechanical properties of cracked and un-cracked samples were measured. The aim of this study was to compare US parameters to hardened properties of cracked and un-cracked SCC. Correlations for SCC micro-cracking based on US parameters were identified, demonstrating the potential of using transmission US P-and S-waves as an evaluation technique for micro-damaged SCC.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129254842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
. Understanding how climate change accelerates or slows down the process of material deterioration is the first step towards assessing adaptive approaches for the preservation of historical heritage. Analysis of the climate change effects on the degradation risk assessment parameters like freeze-thaw cycles and salt crystallization is also a key parameter when considering mitigating actions. Due to the vulnerability of cultural heritage in Iran to climate change, the impact of this phenomenon on basic parameters like temperature was analyzed. Choosing an appropriate regional climate model is the first and most crucial step in the analysis of climate change effects on heritage. The outputs of two different regional climate models: the ALARO-0-SURFEX model (Ghent University, Belgium) and the REMO model (HZG-GERICS, Germany) were analyzed to find out which model is more adapted to the region. So the focus of this research is mainly on the evaluation process to find a feasible approach for validation study to determine the reliability of each model. For model validation, a comparison between model data and observations was performed for 30 years from 1980-2017. Besides, some climatic parameters which are likely critical for heritage like freeze-thaw cycles were studied to find out how reliable these models are in the field of building pathology .
{"title":"The Impact of Climate Change on Material Degradation: Finding a Feasible Approach for Climate Model Evaluation","authors":"Hamed Hedayatnia, N. V. Bossche","doi":"10.23967/dbmc.2020.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/dbmc.2020.137","url":null,"abstract":". Understanding how climate change accelerates or slows down the process of material deterioration is the first step towards assessing adaptive approaches for the preservation of historical heritage. Analysis of the climate change effects on the degradation risk assessment parameters like freeze-thaw cycles and salt crystallization is also a key parameter when considering mitigating actions. Due to the vulnerability of cultural heritage in Iran to climate change, the impact of this phenomenon on basic parameters like temperature was analyzed. Choosing an appropriate regional climate model is the first and most crucial step in the analysis of climate change effects on heritage. The outputs of two different regional climate models: the ALARO-0-SURFEX model (Ghent University, Belgium) and the REMO model (HZG-GERICS, Germany) were analyzed to find out which model is more adapted to the region. So the focus of this research is mainly on the evaluation process to find a feasible approach for validation study to determine the reliability of each model. For model validation, a comparison between model data and observations was performed for 30 years from 1980-2017. Besides, some climatic parameters which are likely critical for heritage like freeze-thaw cycles were studied to find out how reliable these models are in the field of building pathology .","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122977645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Dotelli, C. Moletti, P. Aversa, S. Sabbadini, A. Marzo, C. Tripepi, P. Lauriola, V. Luprano
In the framework of Circular Economy policies aimed at reducing the consumption of raw materials, shives, as an agricultural by-product of hemp cultivation, have gained a renovated life in the construction sector. Its excellent thermal insulating properties permitted the development of new building materials to be used in various executive technologies. When shives are mixed with a mineral binder such as lime or cement, the mixture is usually referred to as hempcrete. In Italy, the use of hempcrete and the development of new production chains and implementation techniques dates back only to about the last decade, while other European countries have more long-lasting experiences (90s). In order to assess the potential benefits of hempcrete in the construction sector, its environmental performances were evaluated using the LCA methodology, by comparing four non-loadbearing representative walls, one made with hempcrete blocks and the others with more “traditional” materials. This research constitutes a solid basis for the development of future guidelines and/or regulations at national and international level in order to guarantee the maximum diffusion of this type of product. Then, a study has been carried out regarding the functionality of hempcrete blocks in masonry, layered with finishing plaster made of fine hemp shives, to evaluate the in-situ hygrothermal building performance. In particular, measurement methods were developed and analysis were carried out on two houses, one in northern Italy and one in southern Italy, and precisely in Sicily, focusing the study on the performances of the walls subjected to warm Mediterranean climates. Indeed, the literature on masonry behavior in hot Mediterranean climates is much scarcer than in cold climates.
{"title":"Hempcrete Buildings: Environmental Sustainabilityand Durability of Two Case-studies in North and South Italy","authors":"G. Dotelli, C. Moletti, P. Aversa, S. Sabbadini, A. Marzo, C. Tripepi, P. Lauriola, V. Luprano","doi":"10.23967/DBMC.2020.213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23967/DBMC.2020.213","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of Circular Economy policies aimed at reducing the consumption of raw materials, shives, as an agricultural by-product of hemp cultivation, have gained a renovated life in the construction sector. Its excellent thermal insulating properties permitted the development of new building materials to be used in various executive technologies. When shives are mixed with a mineral binder such as lime or cement, the mixture is usually referred to as hempcrete. In Italy, the use of hempcrete and the development of new production chains and implementation techniques dates back only to about the last decade, while other European countries have more long-lasting experiences (90s). In order to assess the potential benefits of hempcrete in the construction sector, its environmental performances were evaluated using the LCA methodology, by comparing four non-loadbearing representative walls, one made with hempcrete blocks and the others with more “traditional” materials. This research constitutes a solid basis for the development of future guidelines and/or regulations at national and international level in order to guarantee the maximum diffusion of this type of product. Then, a study has been carried out regarding the functionality of hempcrete blocks in masonry, layered with finishing plaster made of fine hemp shives, to evaluate the in-situ hygrothermal building performance. In particular, measurement methods were developed and analysis were carried out on two houses, one in northern Italy and one in southern Italy, and precisely in Sicily, focusing the study on the performances of the walls subjected to warm Mediterranean climates. Indeed, the literature on masonry behavior in hot Mediterranean climates is much scarcer than in cold climates.","PeriodicalId":409611,"journal":{"name":"XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126148160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Suttie, C. Brischke, E. F. Hansson, S. Fortino, J. Sandak, M. Kutnik, G. Alfredsen, Christophe Lucas, Eric Vieillemard
This paper introduces the ForestValue research project CLICKdesign – delivering fingertip knowledge to enable service life performance specification of wood. The consortium is working on a primary innovation to move from the complex, fragmented and general to the easy-to-use, consolidated and specific by provision of a digital tool for specifiers. Other materials tackle this and provide designers and architects with software. The specification of performance of wood products is complex and fraught with inconsistency and requires use of multiple platforms for data, experience, standards and national recommendations. CLICKdesign will provide a tool that has within it the decades of research, the complexity of the standards specification systems and the variation of approach due to tradition, materials and culture across Europe and beyond. A simple tool for nonexpert public users will be available as well as a tool accessible to professional users that will be refined with industry to ensure relevancy and accelerate uptake and use.
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