Leisure research has historically addressed constraint theory as well as the relationship between spirituality and leisure. This study focused on the behavior codes for students and faculty at Christian universities. A qualitative approach addressed students’ awareness of these codes, whether they felt constrained in their leisure by the codes, and whether they adhered to the codes. Findings indicated that the students did not feel constrained by the behavior codes. They felt like campus culture and programming insulated them from inappropriate behavior. Students reported that they generally followed the codes, especially on campus. Finally, subjects identified groups of students on campus that they felt were less likely to exhibit the codified leisure behaviors.
{"title":"Perceived Leisure Constraints of Students Attending Christian Colleges","authors":"G. Place, W. Connally, Jennifer S. Livengood","doi":"10.7290/jcskls056yq4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls056yq4","url":null,"abstract":"Leisure research has historically addressed constraint theory as well as the relationship between spirituality and leisure. This study focused on the behavior codes for students and faculty at Christian universities. A qualitative approach addressed students’ awareness of these codes, whether they felt constrained in their leisure by the codes, and whether they adhered to the codes. Findings indicated that the students did not feel constrained by the behavior codes. They felt like campus culture and programming insulated them from inappropriate behavior. Students reported that they generally followed the codes, especially on campus. Finally, subjects identified groups of students on campus that they felt were less likely to exhibit the codified leisure behaviors.","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"103 37","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113945473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Professional Development and Faith Integration in Sport Management Education","authors":"Jason W. Lee, Jennifer J Kane, Jeffrey P Briggs","doi":"10.7290/jcskls07s9c2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls07s9c2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126367813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to address coaching philosophies in the context of experience and faith. In particular, how do coaches at Christian colleges develop their ideas and beliefs about coaching which guide their actions and behaviors? To what extent does faith impact these philosophical commitments? What is this process of decision-making and growth like? Does this development process occur intuitively, through rational discourse and planning, or perhaps through some sort of symbiotic process? This paper is both descriptive and normative, both reflective of the experiential process in developing one’s coaching philosophy as well as prescribing effective ways to integrate faith, experience, and coaching ideals and practices. Establishing a coaching philosophy is indeed a developmental process. For the attentive coach, coaching guidelines and principles change over time. Second, a coaching philosophy is developed through experience more so than being derived from abstract principles. While individuals may promote concepts like fairness or compassion, these principles are fleshed out and modified through relationships. Third, a coaching philosophy informed and constructed by faith, when properly and consistently applied, can play an important part in this process. Coaches may draw from their own faith experiences in ways that positively impact the team climate.
{"title":"The Impact of Faith and Experience on the Development of Coaching Philosophies","authors":"D. Hochstetler","doi":"10.7290/jcskls02clnm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls02clnm","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to address coaching philosophies in the context of experience and faith. In particular, how do coaches at Christian colleges develop their ideas and beliefs about coaching which guide their actions and behaviors? To what extent does faith impact these philosophical commitments? What is this process of decision-making and growth like? Does this development process occur intuitively, through rational discourse and planning, or perhaps through some sort of symbiotic process? This paper is both descriptive and normative, both reflective of the experiential process in developing one’s coaching philosophy as well as prescribing effective ways to integrate faith, experience, and coaching ideals and practices. Establishing a coaching philosophy is indeed a developmental process. For the attentive coach, coaching guidelines and principles change over time. Second, a coaching philosophy is developed through experience more so than being derived from abstract principles. While individuals may promote concepts like fairness or compassion, these principles are fleshed out and modified through relationships. Third, a coaching philosophy informed and constructed by faith, when properly and consistently applied, can play an important part in this process. Coaches may draw from their own faith experiences in ways that positively impact the team climate.","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129969340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Ellis, Krystal Hays, J. Hamilton, Lemesis J Reyes
{"title":"Spiritual Outcomes of a Faith-Based Camp Program for Children of Incarcerated Parents","authors":"R. Ellis, Krystal Hays, J. Hamilton, Lemesis J Reyes","doi":"10.7290/jcskls0752fn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls0752fn","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129977414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conceptual discussions of leisure have often had spiritual overtones or linked leisure with spirituality. The links between the two concepts are becoming widely recognized and discussed in a wide range of leisure studies areas: therapeutic recreation, camping, recreational land management, outdoor recreation, tourism, and community recreation. Increasingly empirical research is being conducted on this relationship. Christians respond in a variety of ways to the increased social scientific interest in the relationship between leisure and spirituality: for some Christian spirituality is the only true spirituality; some compartmentalize or dichotomize spirituality; some believe nonChristians experience spirituality; some believe that spirituality reaches its fullest potential in relationship with God; and some see spirituality as a complex process. Positively, the renewed interest in spirituality may be seen as recognition of spiritual need and an opportunity for introducing Christian spirituality and the Christian spiritual tradition of leisure. However there are also areas of concern. First, there is a need to expand the “interiority” of contemporary discussions of leisure and spirituality and to emphasize transcendence. Second, contemporary discussions of leisure and spirituality often focus on the inner self with little discussion of relationships with others or of community. Third, there is a need to go beyond spiritual experience to spiritual well-being. Fourth, as the majority of theoretical reflection and empirical investigation on leisure and spirituality has focused on nature-based recreation and spirituality, more emphasis needs to be placed on all forms of leisure in all settings. Fifth, as the vast majority of studies on leisure and spirituality have been small scale qualitative studies, the adoption of various methods of studying and understanding the relationship between leisure and spirituality needs to be encouraged. Sixth, there is a need within the leisure studies field to make connections with the 20 centuries of Christian spirituality.
{"title":"Leisure Studies and Spirituality: A Christian Critique","authors":"P. Heintzman","doi":"10.7290/jcskls01sb4g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls01sb4g","url":null,"abstract":"Conceptual discussions of leisure have often had spiritual overtones or linked leisure with spirituality. The links between the two concepts are becoming widely recognized and discussed in a wide range of leisure studies areas: therapeutic recreation, camping, recreational land management, outdoor recreation, tourism, and community recreation. Increasingly empirical research is being conducted on this relationship. Christians respond in a variety of ways to the increased social scientific interest in the relationship between leisure and spirituality: for some Christian spirituality is the only true spirituality; some compartmentalize or dichotomize spirituality; some believe nonChristians experience spirituality; some believe that spirituality reaches its fullest potential in relationship with God; and some see spirituality as a complex process. Positively, the renewed interest in spirituality may be seen as recognition of spiritual need and an opportunity for introducing Christian spirituality and the Christian spiritual tradition of leisure. However there are also areas of concern. First, there is a need to expand the “interiority” of contemporary discussions of leisure and spirituality and to emphasize transcendence. Second, contemporary discussions of leisure and spirituality often focus on the inner self with little discussion of relationships with others or of community. Third, there is a need to go beyond spiritual experience to spiritual well-being. Fourth, as the majority of theoretical reflection and empirical investigation on leisure and spirituality has focused on nature-based recreation and spirituality, more emphasis needs to be placed on all forms of leisure in all settings. Fifth, as the vast majority of studies on leisure and spirituality have been small scale qualitative studies, the adoption of various methods of studying and understanding the relationship between leisure and spirituality needs to be encouraged. Sixth, there is a need within the leisure studies field to make connections with the 20 centuries of Christian spirituality.","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130975227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the interrelationships between scholarly Christian writings on leisure and leisure studies literature. As an academic field of study leisure studies is a fairly recent development, however throughout Christian history leisure has been considered by Christians such as Augustine, Aquinas, Luther and Calvin. A number of observations can be made from a review of these two bodies of literature. First, although numerous books have been written in recent decades by Christian scholars on the subject of leisure, very few of these scholars have been leisure studies scholars, and in most cases, these Christian writings have not made reference to some concepts prevalent in leisure studies literature (e.g., leisure as a state of mind, feminist perspectives, serious leisure). Second, with a few exceptions, leisure studies literature rarely references these Christian writings on leisure. Third, leisure studies literature sometimes takes biblical verses out of context and portrays the leisure attitudes and behaviours of some Christian groups such as the Puritans in an overly negative manner. Fourth, the recent interest within the leisure studies field of the relationship between leisure and spirituality offers the possibility of some convergence between the two bodies of literature, although the leisure studies literature tends to favour a more humanistic view of spirituality. In particular, qualitative research studies on leisure and spirituality give a voice to Christian perspectives as expressed through the words of Christian participants. Introduction A number of years ago, in a discussion of leisure research, Shaw (2000) raised the question, “if our research is relevant, why is nobody listening?” She referred to a study conducted by Samdahl and Kelly (1999) that involved a citation analysis of two journals: the Journal of Leisure Research and Leisure Sciences. Based on the distribution of studies cited in these leisure journals and the degree to which papers in these journals were cited by publications beyond the leisure studies field, Samdahl and Kelly concluded that leisure research is intellectually isolated from related and important research in other disciplines. As an academic field of study leisure studies is a fairly recent development that emerged in the Twentieth Century (Henderson, 2016) however, throughout Christian history leisure has been considered by Christians such as Augustine, Aquinas, Luther and Calvin. The purpose of this paper, with a much narrower focus than Samdahl and Kelly’s study, is to examine the interrelationships between scholarly Christian writings on leisure and leisure studies literature. Are Christian writings on leisure intellectually isolated from research and literature published in the leisure studies field? In other words, do these two bodies of literature exist as two solitudes? This question will be examined through the consideration of four topics. First, do Christian scholarly writings on leisu
{"title":"Leisure Studies and Christian Scholarship: Two Solitudes?","authors":"P. Heintzman","doi":"10.7290/jcskls03auqp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls03auqp","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the interrelationships between scholarly Christian writings on leisure and leisure studies literature. As an academic field of study leisure studies is a fairly recent development, however throughout Christian history leisure has been considered by Christians such as Augustine, Aquinas, Luther and Calvin. A number of observations can be made from a review of these two bodies of literature. First, although numerous books have been written in recent decades by Christian scholars on the subject of leisure, very few of these scholars have been leisure studies scholars, and in most cases, these Christian writings have not made reference to some concepts prevalent in leisure studies literature (e.g., leisure as a state of mind, feminist perspectives, serious leisure). Second, with a few exceptions, leisure studies literature rarely references these Christian writings on leisure. Third, leisure studies literature sometimes takes biblical verses out of context and portrays the leisure attitudes and behaviours of some Christian groups such as the Puritans in an overly negative manner. Fourth, the recent interest within the leisure studies field of the relationship between leisure and spirituality offers the possibility of some convergence between the two bodies of literature, although the leisure studies literature tends to favour a more humanistic view of spirituality. In particular, qualitative research studies on leisure and spirituality give a voice to Christian perspectives as expressed through the words of Christian participants. Introduction A number of years ago, in a discussion of leisure research, Shaw (2000) raised the question, “if our research is relevant, why is nobody listening?” She referred to a study conducted by Samdahl and Kelly (1999) that involved a citation analysis of two journals: the Journal of Leisure Research and Leisure Sciences. Based on the distribution of studies cited in these leisure journals and the degree to which papers in these journals were cited by publications beyond the leisure studies field, Samdahl and Kelly concluded that leisure research is intellectually isolated from related and important research in other disciplines. As an academic field of study leisure studies is a fairly recent development that emerged in the Twentieth Century (Henderson, 2016) however, throughout Christian history leisure has been considered by Christians such as Augustine, Aquinas, Luther and Calvin. The purpose of this paper, with a much narrower focus than Samdahl and Kelly’s study, is to examine the interrelationships between scholarly Christian writings on leisure and leisure studies literature. Are Christian writings on leisure intellectually isolated from research and literature published in the leisure studies field? In other words, do these two bodies of literature exist as two solitudes? This question will be examined through the consideration of four topics. First, do Christian scholarly writings on leisu","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121232727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards a Theology for Competitive Sport","authors":"John Ashley Null","doi":"10.7290/jcskls07pxdp","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls07pxdp","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128355834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela J. Wozencroft, Steven Waller, G. A. Hayes, Larry Y. Brown
There is a growing body of literature that relates to spirituality and leisure. Within this corpus, several scholars continue to address the relationship between spirituality and therapeutic recreation. Much of the available literature chronicles the health and wellness benefits that accrue to the client/participant but little attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between the personal spirituality of the therapeutic recreation (TR) professional and its influence on service delivery. The purpose of this essay was three-fold: (1) to examine the influence of spirituality in the work lives of TR practitioners; and (2) to chronicle existing literature that relates to spirituality and TR practitioners; and (3) to provide a discussion on the need for additional research to better understand the relationship between spirituality and the manner in which therapeutic recreation services are provided. We concluded that further exploring the relationship between the spirituality of TR professionals and its impact on practice is a viable line of scholarship that should be pursued vigorously.
{"title":"Spirituality and the Therapeutic Recreation Practitioner: Exploring the Implications for Practice and Research","authors":"Angela J. Wozencroft, Steven Waller, G. A. Hayes, Larry Y. Brown","doi":"10.7290/jcskls02b2bg","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls02b2bg","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing body of literature that relates to spirituality and leisure. Within this corpus, several scholars continue to address the relationship between spirituality and therapeutic recreation. Much of the available literature chronicles the health and wellness benefits that accrue to the client/participant but little attention has been devoted to understanding the relationship between the personal spirituality of the therapeutic recreation (TR) professional and its influence on service delivery. The purpose of this essay was three-fold: (1) to examine the influence of spirituality in the work lives of TR practitioners; and (2) to chronicle existing literature that relates to spirituality and TR practitioners; and (3) to provide a discussion on the need for additional research to better understand the relationship between spirituality and the manner in which therapeutic recreation services are provided. We concluded that further exploring the relationship between the spirituality of TR professionals and its impact on practice is a viable line of scholarship that should be pursued vigorously.","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130267057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores what it means to lose in a contemporary American society. Kanter (2004) suggested that losing serves as an alarm, notifying one that it is time to recalibrate. For Duina (2011) losing offers a time for reexamination. Sports equates to winning and losing. Thanks to well-indoctrinated maxims like Lombardi’s “winning is the only thing” and a cultural rejection of “losers” we are in an era where the pursuit of winning trumps other variables which are also worthy of pursuit and consideration. Thus, losing becomes an insult to our ego-driven lives. As such, one cannot discuss losing without also considering what it means to win. Losing is not simply the opposite of winning; a relationship exists between the two, although this is seldom recognized in the broader American culture. After the relationship between winning and losing is established, the paper will pivot to psychosocial aspects associated with losing, investigating the unique cognitive and affective experience related to losing. Social dynamics such as gender differences, will also be explored. Additionally, the paper will explore some underlying physiological explanations as to why individuals react the way they do to winning and losing. Finally, a consideration of the theology of losing will be discussed. Ultimately, the purpose of this paper is to encourage us to consider losing and how it fits within the Christian worldview.
本文探讨了在当代美国社会中失去意味着什么。Kanter(2004)认为，失败是一种警报，提醒人们是时候重新调整了。对于Duina(2011)来说，失败提供了重新审视的时间。体育等同于输赢。由于伦巴第(Lombardi)的“胜利是唯一”(winning is only thing)这样被灌输的格言，以及对“失败者”的文化排斥，我们正处于一个追求胜利胜过其他值得追求和考虑的变量的时代。因此，失败对我们自我驱动的生活来说是一种侮辱。因此，一个人不能在讨论失败的同时不考虑胜利的意义。失败并不仅仅是成功的反面;两者之间存在着一种关系，尽管这种关系在更广泛的美国文化中很少得到承认。在成功和失败之间的关系建立之后，本文将转向与失败相关的心理社会方面，研究与失败相关的独特认知和情感体验。社会动态，如性别差异，也将探讨。此外，本文将探讨一些潜在的生理解释，以解释为什么个人对输赢的反应方式。最后，我们将讨论对失败神学的思考。最终，这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们思考失去，以及它如何与基督教的世界观相适应。
{"title":"A Psychotheology of Losing","authors":"M. D. Ruiz","doi":"10.7290/jcskls04685j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls04685j","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores what it means to lose in a contemporary American society. Kanter (2004) suggested that losing serves as an alarm, notifying one that it is time to recalibrate. For Duina (2011) losing offers a time for reexamination. Sports equates to winning and losing. Thanks to well-indoctrinated maxims like Lombardi’s “winning is the only thing” and a cultural rejection of “losers” we are in an era where the pursuit of winning trumps other variables which are also worthy of pursuit and consideration. Thus, losing becomes an insult to our ego-driven lives. As such, one cannot discuss losing without also considering what it means to win. Losing is not simply the opposite of winning; a relationship exists between the two, although this is seldom recognized in the broader American culture. After the relationship between winning and losing is established, the paper will pivot to psychosocial aspects associated with losing, investigating the unique cognitive and affective experience related to losing. Social dynamics such as gender differences, will also be explored. Additionally, the paper will explore some underlying physiological explanations as to why individuals react the way they do to winning and losing. Finally, a consideration of the theology of losing will be discussed. Ultimately, the purpose of this paper is to encourage us to consider losing and how it fits within the Christian worldview.","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116337065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Christ and Sport: Reappropriating H. Richard Niebuhr’s Christ and Culture Typology","authors":"Reuben Hoetmer","doi":"10.7290/jcskls07qktf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7290/jcskls07qktf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":410331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sport Studies.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125888022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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