Objective: In our study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of peptides of the 13 amino acids-long non-structural protein 11 (Nsp11) of SARS-CoV-2 that may associated with the higher risk of autoimmune reactions in individuals with certain HLA serotypes. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the binding affinities of Nsp11-derived peptides to 12 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) supertype representative human leukocyte antigen (FILA) alleles were predicted by NetMHCcons and NetCTLpan. Strongly binding or predicted epitope peptides were sought in human proteome by blastp. Whether the sequence containing the overlapping peptide had a strong binding affinity to the same HLA allele as the Nsp11 peptide was also checked. Results: One of the Nsp11-derived peptides was predicted to be strongly bound to the HLA-B*15:01 allele and the other to be the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope that binds to the HLA-A*01:01 allele. Alignment result with inununoglobulin heavy chain junction region (MOP92462.1) appeared on top within the blastp search results for peptides. A peptide of the sequence containing the overlapping peptide was predicted to be the CTL epitope that binds to the BLA-B*15:01 allele. Conclusion: The results indicate that individuals with the HLA-B*15:01 allele may have a risk of autoimmune reactions from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"Molecular Mimicry with Nsp11 Protein of SARS-CoV-2 in Individuals with HLA-B*15: 01 Allele","authors":"Yekbun Adıgüzel","doi":"10.5222/tji.2021.58077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5222/tji.2021.58077","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In our study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of peptides of the 13 amino acids-long non-structural protein 11 (Nsp11) of SARS-CoV-2 that may associated with the higher risk of autoimmune reactions in individuals with certain HLA serotypes. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the binding affinities of Nsp11-derived peptides to 12 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) supertype representative human leukocyte antigen (FILA) alleles were predicted by NetMHCcons and NetCTLpan. Strongly binding or predicted epitope peptides were sought in human proteome by blastp. Whether the sequence containing the overlapping peptide had a strong binding affinity to the same HLA allele as the Nsp11 peptide was also checked. Results: One of the Nsp11-derived peptides was predicted to be strongly bound to the HLA-B*15:01 allele and the other to be the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitope that binds to the HLA-A*01:01 allele. Alignment result with inununoglobulin heavy chain junction region (MOP92462.1) appeared on top within the blastp search results for peptides. A peptide of the sequence containing the overlapping peptide was predicted to be the CTL epitope that binds to the BLA-B*15:01 allele. Conclusion: The results indicate that individuals with the HLA-B*15:01 allele may have a risk of autoimmune reactions from SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86529032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nilgun Akdeniz, E. Cetin, Gaye Erten Yurdagül, V. Yılmaz, B. Gemicioğlu, G. Deniz
{"title":"Intracytoplasmic and Plasma Cytokine Levels of Natural Killer Cells in Patients with Asthma","authors":"Nilgun Akdeniz, E. Cetin, Gaye Erten Yurdagül, V. Yılmaz, B. Gemicioğlu, G. Deniz","doi":"10.5222/tji.2021.42714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5222/tji.2021.42714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82324265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recombination Excision Circle (KREC) Immunoglobulin Gene Rearrangement Mechamism and Importance in Transplants","authors":"Zeynep Akbulut, G. Demirel","doi":"10.5222/tji.2021.40085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5222/tji.2021.40085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77940754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moulid Hidayat, D. Handayani, F. Nurwidya, Sita Laksmi Andarini
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected millions of people in the world. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 disease are tightly influenced by the host immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. In some condition, the immune response might be uncontrolled, giving rise to hyperinflammatory conditions marked by excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines (cytokine storms) in severe COVID-19 patients, which then can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure, and death. Furthermore, treatment using immunomodulator agents including immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive agents can be an option in achieving successful treatment. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of the disease, including host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, and immune mechanisms which contribute to the disease severity and death as well as several potential immunomodulatory agents which can be used in the management of hyperinflammatory syndrome of severe COVID-19.
{"title":"Hyperinflammation Syndrome in COVID-19 Disease: Pathogenesis and Potential Immunomodulatory Agents","authors":"Moulid Hidayat, D. Handayani, F. Nurwidya, Sita Laksmi Andarini","doi":"10.5222/TJI.2021.92486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5222/TJI.2021.92486","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected millions of people in the world. The pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 disease are tightly influenced by the host immune response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. In some condition, the immune response might be uncontrolled, giving rise to hyperinflammatory conditions marked by excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines (cytokine storms) in severe COVID-19 patients, which then can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure, and death. Furthermore, treatment using immunomodulator agents including immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive agents can be an option in achieving successful treatment. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of the disease, including host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, and immune mechanisms which contribute to the disease severity and death as well as several potential immunomodulatory agents which can be used in the management of hyperinflammatory syndrome of severe COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81373322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The continuing pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was emerged in China. and has spread rapidly all over the whole world. Thousands of cases and deaths reported each day and it is an exceptional situation in which emergency response is required for many patients. While COVID-19 cases are seen in all age groups, death rates are high in cases of cancer that cause immunodeficiency. especially in elderly people with impaired immune systems, in those with chronic diseases. The interaction between infections and the immune system is clear and there is a lot of relevant literature information. By keeping the immune system strong. infections can be overcome with less damage. and the harmful effects of inflammation and death rates can be reduced. Vitamins A, C and D arc effective in the active functioning of the immune system, and their deficiencies have many adverse conditions, particularly susceptibility to infections, Although there is no specific treatment method. antiviral drug or vaccine with proven reliability for the treatment of COVID-19. the drugs recommended by the World Health Organization are being used, The effectiveness and efficiency of these drugs are controversial. In addition to these drugs, alternative treatment approaches are needed. In this literature review, the importance of vitamins A, C and D on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and on the early-stage administration of high-dose intravenous (IN) C. oral A and D vitamins, which are alternative approaches, in the treatment of COVID-19 is shared.
{"title":"The Importance of Vitamins A, C, and D in the Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2","authors":"F. Sengul, A. Sahin, F. Akat, H. Vatansev","doi":"10.5222/tji.2021.57966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5222/tji.2021.57966","url":null,"abstract":"The continuing pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was emerged in China. and has spread rapidly all over the whole world. Thousands of cases and deaths reported each day and it is an exceptional situation in which emergency response is required for many patients. While COVID-19 cases are seen in all age groups, death rates are high in cases of cancer that cause immunodeficiency. especially in elderly people with impaired immune systems, in those with chronic diseases. The interaction between infections and the immune system is clear and there is a lot of relevant literature information. By keeping the immune system strong. infections can be overcome with less damage. and the harmful effects of inflammation and death rates can be reduced. Vitamins A, C and D arc effective in the active functioning of the immune system, and their deficiencies have many adverse conditions, particularly susceptibility to infections, Although there is no specific treatment method. antiviral drug or vaccine with proven reliability for the treatment of COVID-19. the drugs recommended by the World Health Organization are being used, The effectiveness and efficiency of these drugs are controversial. In addition to these drugs, alternative treatment approaches are needed. In this literature review, the importance of vitamins A, C and D on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 and on the early-stage administration of high-dose intravenous (IN) C. oral A and D vitamins, which are alternative approaches, in the treatment of COVID-19 is shared.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90888658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polyserositis is the general inflammation of serous membranes with associated effusion. Except for tuberculosis and coxsackie virus, infections are a very rare cause of polyserositis. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with chronic mild thrombocytopenia that presented with polyserositis and whose investigation was negative for common causes of serosal inflammation, showing great clinical improvement after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Besides serositis, we also discuss other immunological manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case that establishes Helicobacter pylori as a potential cause of serosal inflammation, thus expanding immunological manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection.
{"title":"Immunological Manifestations of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Polyserositis?","authors":"T. Borges, Arsénio Barbosa, Sérgio Silva","doi":"10.25002/tji.2020.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25002/tji.2020.1260","url":null,"abstract":"Polyserositis is the general inflammation of serous membranes with associated effusion. Except for tuberculosis and coxsackie virus, infections are a very rare cause of polyserositis. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with chronic mild thrombocytopenia that presented with polyserositis and whose investigation was negative for common causes of serosal inflammation, showing great clinical improvement after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Besides serositis, we also discuss other immunological manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection. To our knowledge, this is the first case that establishes Helicobacter pylori as a potential cause of serosal inflammation, thus expanding immunological manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87157765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Esen, Özlem Türkyilmaz, V. Aykut, H. Direskeneli, G. Deniz, H. Oğuz
{"title":"Influence of İnterferon Alfa-2a Treatment on Monocyte Subsets in Patients with Uveitis","authors":"F. Esen, Özlem Türkyilmaz, V. Aykut, H. Direskeneli, G. Deniz, H. Oğuz","doi":"10.25002/tji.2020.1261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25002/tji.2020.1261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"32 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82767501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: We aimed to analyze the positivity of Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence tests (CLIFT), to compare CLIFT with ANA-IFA (antinuclear antibody–immunofluorescence assay), ANA-IB (immunoblot), and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoassays), and to determine the relevant method to test anti-dsDNA in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study between January 1st, 2015 and January 1st, 2016. We focused on the positive CLIFT results firstly, then, we compared the ANA-IFA, ELISA, and ANA-IB results to diagnose SLE. Demographic features were obtained from the hospital records. Results: To analyse CLIFT, 3242 seras were tested, and 72 (2.2%) were positive. Among CLIFT positivity [n=64; 57 female, 7 male (mean, range; 41.96, 11–82)]; 73% (n=47) had SLE. Out of 61 patients were analyzed by ANA-IFA, 36 had peripheral (n=1) and homogenous (n=35) patterns; 83% (n=30) had SLE. Out of 46 patients were analyzed by ANA-IB, 30 had dsDNA; 73% (n=22) had SLE. Out of 25 patients who were analyzed by ELISA, 18 had dsDNA; 83% (n=15) had SLE. In the two-sided correlations, CLIFT positivity (≥grade 2) was found to be statistically significantly associated with having SLE (p=0.005, r [64]=0.92); CLIFT positivity was also statistically significantly associated with ANA-IFA (p=0.003, r=0.85). In order to exclude SLE diagnosis, CLIFT positivity was statistically significantly correlated with ANA-IB (p=0.002, r=0.90). Conclusion: CLIFT can not be used instead of ELISA and ANA-IB, but it can reduce their usage. We recommend to use CLIFT and ANA-IFA for first-line screening; and ANA-IB and ELISA for confirmation and identification of dsDNA.
{"title":"Comparison of Different Laboratory Methods in the Detection of Anti-dsDNA Antibodies and Their Diagnostic Utility","authors":"C. T. Dalgıç, E. Gökmen, A. Sin","doi":"10.25002/tji.2020.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25002/tji.2020.1157","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: We aimed to analyze the positivity of Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence tests (CLIFT), to compare CLIFT with ANA-IFA (antinuclear antibody–immunofluorescence assay), ANA-IB (immunoblot), and ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoassays), and to determine the relevant method to test anti-dsDNA in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study between January 1st, 2015 and January 1st, 2016. We focused on the positive CLIFT results firstly, then, we compared the ANA-IFA, ELISA, and ANA-IB results to diagnose SLE. Demographic features were obtained from the hospital records. Results: To analyse CLIFT, 3242 seras were tested, and 72 (2.2%) were positive. Among CLIFT positivity [n=64; 57 female, 7 male (mean, range; 41.96, 11–82)]; 73% (n=47) had SLE. Out of 61 patients were analyzed by ANA-IFA, 36 had peripheral (n=1) and homogenous (n=35) patterns; 83% (n=30) had SLE. Out of 46 patients were analyzed by ANA-IB, 30 had dsDNA; 73% (n=22) had SLE. Out of 25 patients who were analyzed by ELISA, 18 had dsDNA; 83% (n=15) had SLE. In the two-sided correlations, CLIFT positivity (≥grade 2) was found to be statistically significantly associated with having SLE (p=0.005, r [64]=0.92); CLIFT positivity was also statistically significantly associated with ANA-IFA (p=0.003, r=0.85). In order to exclude SLE diagnosis, CLIFT positivity was statistically significantly correlated with ANA-IB (p=0.002, r=0.90). Conclusion: CLIFT can not be used instead of ELISA and ANA-IB, but it can reduce their usage. We recommend to use CLIFT and ANA-IFA for first-line screening; and ANA-IB and ELISA for confirmation and identification of dsDNA.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87336613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Amrithavarshini, A. SaiKumar, Manigandan, V. Raghuram, S. Parveen, Sugitharini, R. Saluja, E. Thangam
Introduction: Monocytes play a major role in eliciting the immune response against infection. Also mast cells are found to play a critical role in mediating inflammatory immune response not only to allergic reaction but also to infection by inducing the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-17. This study aims to investigate nod like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) mediated production of Th1/Th17 cytokines in monocytes and mast cells.
{"title":"NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated Production of Th1/Th17 Cytokines in Response to Inflammatory Stimulants in Innate Immune Cells","authors":"K Amrithavarshini, A. SaiKumar, Manigandan, V. Raghuram, S. Parveen, Sugitharini, R. Saluja, E. Thangam","doi":"10.25002/tji.2019.1019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25002/tji.2019.1019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Monocytes play a major role in eliciting the immune response against infection. Also mast cells are found to play a critical role in mediating inflammatory immune response not only to allergic reaction but also to infection by inducing the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and IL-17. This study aims to investigate nod like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) mediated production of Th1/Th17 cytokines in monocytes and mast cells.","PeriodicalId":41088,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Immunology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80830743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：