P. Cochran, Sebastian Infante, Lubomir Petrasek, Zack Saravay, Mary H. Tian
Treasury market intermediation by dealers, including Treasury securities market making and financing, requires regulatory capital. In particular, the six largest U.S. Treasury securities dealers are subsidiaries of large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), which are required to maintain a supplementary leverage ratio (SLR) of at least 5 percent at the BHC level.
{"title":"Dealers’ Treasury Market Intermediation and the Supplementary Leverage Ratio","authors":"P. Cochran, Sebastian Infante, Lubomir Petrasek, Zack Saravay, Mary H. Tian","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3341","url":null,"abstract":"Treasury market intermediation by dealers, including Treasury securities market making and financing, requires regulatory capital. In particular, the six largest U.S. Treasury securities dealers are subsidiaries of large U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), which are required to maintain a supplementary leverage ratio (SLR) of at least 5 percent at the BHC level.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125920791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In short, the answer is "probably", at least to some degree. This note summarizes recent developments in hedge funds' Treasury futures and repo positions derived from the Commodities Futures and Trading Commission's (CFTC's) Traders in Financial Futures data and the Office of Financial Research's ("OFR") Cleared Repo Collection.
{"title":"Recent Developments in Hedge Funds’ Treasury Futures and Repo Positions: is the Basis Trade “Back\"?","authors":"Daniel Barth, R. Kahn, Robert Mann","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3355","url":null,"abstract":"In short, the answer is \"probably\", at least to some degree. This note summarizes recent developments in hedge funds' Treasury futures and repo positions derived from the Commodities Futures and Trading Commission's (CFTC's) Traders in Financial Futures data and the Office of Financial Research's (\"OFR\") Cleared Repo Collection.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115773305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The financial technology advances of the past decade brought to prominence a new group of lenders active within the personal loan space—financial technology (FinTech) lenders. Although traditional lenders such as banks, thrifts, credit unions, and finance companies continue to play an important role in providing personal loans to consumers, FinTech lenders gained a notable market share.
{"title":"FinTech-Issued Personal Loans in the U.S.","authors":"Jessica N. Flagg, Simona M. Hannon","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3362","url":null,"abstract":"The financial technology advances of the past decade brought to prominence a new group of lenders active within the personal loan space—financial technology (FinTech) lenders. Although traditional lenders such as banks, thrifts, credit unions, and finance companies continue to play an important role in providing personal loans to consumers, FinTech lenders gained a notable market share.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116014608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Events of the last five years, such as the U.S.-China trade war, the COVID-19 pandemic, and—most recently—Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, have raised concerns in the popular press and among policymakers that the international economic and financial system is at risk of becoming significantly fragmented (Aiyar et al., 2023; Ip, 2023; Shin, 2023). Most recently, attention has shifted to the possibility of fragmentation along geopolitical lines, where countries primarily trade with and invest in other countries with which they share close diplomatic and political ties (International Monetary Fund, 2023a,b).
{"title":"Financial Flows to the United States in 2022: Was There Fragmentation?","authors":"Colin R. Weiss","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3322","url":null,"abstract":"Events of the last five years, such as the U.S.-China trade war, the COVID-19 pandemic, and—most recently—Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, have raised concerns in the popular press and among policymakers that the international economic and financial system is at risk of becoming significantly fragmented (Aiyar et al., 2023; Ip, 2023; Shin, 2023). Most recently, attention has shifted to the possibility of fragmentation along geopolitical lines, where countries primarily trade with and invest in other countries with which they share close diplomatic and political ties (International Monetary Fund, 2023a,b).","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121538523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interest rates on bank deposits are sticky and move only sluggishly following changes in central bank policy rates. As deposits are typically the largest share of bank liabilities, deposit rate stickiness plays a key role for bank funding costs and profitability.
{"title":"What determines passthrough of policy rates to deposit rates in the euro area?","authors":"Todd Messer, Friederike Niepmann","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3297","url":null,"abstract":"Interest rates on bank deposits are sticky and move only sluggishly following changes in central bank policy rates. As deposits are typically the largest share of bank liabilities, deposit rate stickiness plays a key role for bank funding costs and profitability.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133953934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brendan J. Chapuis, Seth T. Murray, Brendan M. Price
As a high-contact service sector with limited capacity for remote work, the US leisure and hospitality sector—which includes restaurants, bars, hotels, museums, and movie theaters—was hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first two months of the pandemic, leisure and hospitality lost over 8 million jobs, nearly half its employment (Figure 1, solid red line).
{"title":"The Persistent Urban Shortfall in Leisure and Hospitality Employment","authors":"Brendan J. Chapuis, Seth T. Murray, Brendan M. Price","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3358","url":null,"abstract":"As a high-contact service sector with limited capacity for remote work, the US leisure and hospitality sector—which includes restaurants, bars, hotels, museums, and movie theaters—was hit particularly hard by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the first two months of the pandemic, leisure and hospitality lost over 8 million jobs, nearly half its employment (Figure 1, solid red line).","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134441947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inflation in 2021 reached the highest level seen since the early 1980s. High inflation has raised questions regarding the speed with which inflation may return to the 2-percent range consistent with the Federal Reserve's inflation objective.
{"title":"A (Bayesian) Update on Inflation and Inflation Persistence","authors":"Michael T. Kiley","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3349","url":null,"abstract":"Inflation in 2021 reached the highest level seen since the early 1980s. High inflation has raised questions regarding the speed with which inflation may return to the 2-percent range consistent with the Federal Reserve's inflation objective.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114866894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guidance is used by bank regulators to communicate supervisory expectations to both examiners and banks. In March 2020, in response to pandemic shut-downs, financial regulators issued a joint statement encouraging small-dollar lending to meet temporary cash-flow imbalances, unexpected expenses, or income short-falls.
{"title":"Empirical assessment of SR/CA small-dollar lending letter impact","authors":"D. Gorin, Sarah Gosky, Michael Suher","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3329","url":null,"abstract":"Guidance is used by bank regulators to communicate supervisory expectations to both examiners and banks. In March 2020, in response to pandemic shut-downs, financial regulators issued a joint statement encouraging small-dollar lending to meet temporary cash-flow imbalances, unexpected expenses, or income short-falls.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115683129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carol Bertaut, Bastian von Beschwitz, Stephanie Curcuru
For most of the last century, the preeminent role of the U.S. dollar in the global economy has been supported by the size and strength of the U.S. economy, its stability and openness to trade and capital flows, and strong property rights and the rule of law. As a result, the depth and liquidity of U.S. financial markets is unmatched, and there is a large supply of extremely safe dollar-denominated assets.
{"title":"\"The International Role of the U.S. Dollar\" Post-COVID Edition","authors":"Carol Bertaut, Bastian von Beschwitz, Stephanie Curcuru","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3334","url":null,"abstract":"For most of the last century, the preeminent role of the U.S. dollar in the global economy has been supported by the size and strength of the U.S. economy, its stability and openness to trade and capital flows, and strong property rights and the rule of law. As a result, the depth and liquidity of U.S. financial markets is unmatched, and there is a large supply of extremely safe dollar-denominated assets.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135220138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stance of U.S. monetary policy has tightened significantly starting in March 2022. At the same time, the share of firms in financial distress has reached a level that is higher than during most previous tightening episodes since the 1970s.
{"title":"Distressed Firms and the Large Effects of Monetary Policy Tightenings","authors":"Ander Pérez-Orive, Yannick Timmer","doi":"10.17016/2380-7172.3279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17016/2380-7172.3279","url":null,"abstract":"The stance of U.S. monetary policy has tightened significantly starting in March 2022. At the same time, the share of firms in financial distress has reached a level that is higher than during most previous tightening episodes since the 1970s.","PeriodicalId":411218,"journal":{"name":"FEDS Notes","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114548513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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