Infrastructure plays a key role in facilitating trade, especially since recent trade liberalization in Asia has resulted in significant tariff reductions. This study quantifies the impacts of both hard and soft infrastructure on trade volume for exporters and importers in the region as well as on various economic growth indicators.
{"title":"The Impact of Infrastructure on Trade and Economic Growth in Selected Economies in Asia","authors":"N. Ismail, Jamilah Mohd Mahyideen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2709294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2709294","url":null,"abstract":"Infrastructure plays a key role in facilitating trade, especially since recent trade liberalization in Asia has resulted in significant tariff reductions. This study quantifies the impacts of both hard and soft infrastructure on trade volume for exporters and importers in the region as well as on various economic growth indicators.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122149088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the numerous initiatives suggested and implemented to reform education in Egypt, very little was achieved in terms of improving education quality and, consequently, boosting development and democratic transition processes in Egypt. This paper argued that basic education in Egypt suffered variant degrees of weaknesses in applying good governance dimensions, including participation, accountability, responsiveness, fighting corruption, effectiveness and transparency, which ultimately affected negatively the overall performance of the basic education sector in Egypt. Building on the results of an assessment to governance in basic education in Egypt, the paper evaluated the degree to which basic education service providers in Egypt applied the principles of good governance (i.e. participation, accountability, responsiveness, fighting corruption, effectiveness, transparency, rule of law, efficiency and equity). The assessment was based on nationally-owned governance indicators structured in the form of a composite index. The paper highlighted the reasons behind the limited impact and weakness of basic education in Egypt from a governance perspective. Finally, the paper offered a new insight to improve basic education in Egypt. This insight focused on good governance in education as a technique towards a better quality and more democratic education.
{"title":"Good Governance in Basic Education in Egypt: Paradoxical or Self Explanatory?","authors":"Yasmin Khodary","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2966105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2966105","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the numerous initiatives suggested and implemented to reform education in Egypt, very little was achieved in terms of improving education quality and, consequently, boosting development and democratic transition processes in Egypt. This paper argued that basic education in Egypt suffered variant degrees of weaknesses in applying good governance dimensions, including participation, accountability, responsiveness, fighting corruption, effectiveness and transparency, which ultimately affected negatively the overall performance of the basic education sector in Egypt. Building on the results of an assessment to governance in basic education in Egypt, the paper evaluated the degree to which basic education service providers in Egypt applied the principles of good governance (i.e. participation, accountability, responsiveness, fighting corruption, effectiveness, transparency, rule of law, efficiency and equity). The assessment was based on nationally-owned governance indicators structured in the form of a composite index. The paper highlighted the reasons behind the limited impact and weakness of basic education in Egypt from a governance perspective. Finally, the paper offered a new insight to improve basic education in Egypt. This insight focused on good governance in education as a technique towards a better quality and more democratic education.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116934433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
No other industry in Uganda might be set for a more drastic impact of technological advancement this year or in the near foreseeable future like broadcasting. The move from analog to digital migration driven by International Telecommunication Union Directives will change the future of broadcasting in ways that many have not appreciated yet. What is remarkable is that this change will not only affect the broadcaster but also the end user and beneficiary of the broadcaster’s content – ordinary Ugandan. It is a change that, while least understood by laymen because of the technical jargon involved, will have far-reaching legal, economic, governance and human rights implications. The controversy surrounding digital migration in Kenya offers many lessons for us to draw from and serves as a warning of two factors: the gravity of how big a mess we can make of resource allocation, and the need to be vigilant and ensure strict oversight measures are put in place with respect to digital migration and all issues that may arise in its relation. This paper will analyze the advent of digital migration in Uganda and why this issue deserves as much attention. The paper will attempt to explain the technical aspects of digital migration, while analyzing the legal, economic, governance and human rights implications that we are to look out for as we transform the way that media content will be provided to Ugandans. The paper will then draw some conclusions. This paper will also offer some suggestions on how best Uganda can manage the migration process and oversee the regulation and allocation of spectrum frequencies in order to avoid a repeat of the upsetting situation that the Kenyan government now finds itself in.
{"title":"Assessing Efficiency and Pragmatism in Public Resource Allocation: Digital Migration and the Future of Broadcasting in Uganda","authors":"R. Kirunda","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2931688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2931688","url":null,"abstract":"No other industry in Uganda might be set for a more drastic impact of technological advancement this year or in the near foreseeable future like broadcasting. The move from analog to digital migration driven by International Telecommunication Union Directives will change the future of broadcasting in ways that many have not appreciated yet. What is remarkable is that this change will not only affect the broadcaster but also the end user and beneficiary of the broadcaster’s content – ordinary Ugandan. It is a change that, while least understood by laymen because of the technical jargon involved, will have far-reaching legal, economic, governance and human rights implications. The controversy surrounding digital migration in Kenya offers many lessons for us to draw from and serves as a warning of two factors: the gravity of how big a mess we can make of resource allocation, and the need to be vigilant and ensure strict oversight measures are put in place with respect to digital migration and all issues that may arise in its relation. \u0000This paper will analyze the advent of digital migration in Uganda and why this issue deserves as much attention. The paper will attempt to explain the technical aspects of digital migration, while analyzing the legal, economic, governance and human rights implications that we are to look out for as we transform the way that media content will be provided to Ugandans. The paper will then draw some conclusions. This paper will also offer some suggestions on how best Uganda can manage the migration process and oversee the regulation and allocation of spectrum frequencies in order to avoid a repeat of the upsetting situation that the Kenyan government now finds itself in.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126522385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging economies recognize the substantial economic impact of broadband and hence are increasingly focusing on National Broadband Plans (NBPs). There is recognition that there are significant challenges in designing the institutional infrastructure required for broadband deployment, which are accentuated in a developing country context due to their weak existing institutional environment. But since the impact of telecom and broadband, in particular, is more significant in developing countries than in developed ones, policy makers in developing countries are increasingly focusing on NBPs. For example, policy makers in India realize that broadband could accelerate the increasing contribution of the service and knowledge sectors to India’s economy and also help to alleviate its poor physical service delivery in areas such as health, education, banking etc. and have adopted a NBP. In the context highlighted above, the key questions are what are the relative roles for the public sector/government and private sector? What institutional mechanisms could facilitate broadband deployment, both at the backbone, middle level and last mile? What are the key lessons learned? This paper examines the Indian case of broadband deployment with a view to developing a framework for the above in the context of emerging economies.
{"title":"Framework for Identifying Appropriate Roles for the Public and Private Sector in National Broadband Deployments in Emerging Economies: The National Broadband Plan of India","authors":"Rekha Jain","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2480477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2480477","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging economies recognize the substantial economic impact of broadband and hence are increasingly focusing on National Broadband Plans (NBPs). There is recognition that there are significant challenges in designing the institutional infrastructure required for broadband deployment, which are accentuated in a developing country context due to their weak existing institutional environment. But since the impact of telecom and broadband, in particular, is more significant in developing countries than in developed ones, policy makers in developing countries are increasingly focusing on NBPs. For example, policy makers in India realize that broadband could accelerate the increasing contribution of the service and knowledge sectors to India’s economy and also help to alleviate its poor physical service delivery in areas such as health, education, banking etc. and have adopted a NBP. In the context highlighted above, the key questions are what are the relative roles for the public sector/government and private sector? What institutional mechanisms could facilitate broadband deployment, both at the backbone, middle level and last mile? What are the key lessons learned? This paper examines the Indian case of broadband deployment with a view to developing a framework for the above in the context of emerging economies.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121999502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) play a vital role in gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. In this study, we analyze twenty-two papers presented at the First International Conference on ICT Management for Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth in Emerging Economies – ICTM 2012 hosted in Wroclaw, Poland. This analysis provides valuable insights into the role of ICT in emerging economies as compared to highly developed economies, as ICTM 2012 hosted authors from a wide range of both developed and developing countries.
{"title":"Information and Communication Technologies for Competitive Advantage in Emerging Economies: Analysis of Research","authors":"N. Roztocki, H. Weistroffer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2227197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2227197","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) play a vital role in gaining and maintaining competitive advantage. In this study, we analyze twenty-two papers presented at the First International Conference on ICT Management for Global Competitiveness and Economic Growth in Emerging Economies – ICTM 2012 hosted in Wroclaw, Poland. This analysis provides valuable insights into the role of ICT in emerging economies as compared to highly developed economies, as ICTM 2012 hosted authors from a wide range of both developed and developing countries.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"2006 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116900878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-06-13DOI: 10.11644/KIEP.JEAI.2011.15.2.228
K. Abe, J. Wilson
We examine how port infrastructure affects trade and role of transport costs in driving exports and imports for East Asia. Existing studies use survey indexes to explain transport costs. These do not link investment in port infrastructure to transport costs. We include in our estimates a variable to represent the congestion of the ports to explain the transport costs. We find that the port congestion has significantly increased the transport costs from East Asia to the United States. Our analysis suggests that increase in port capacity by 10 percent could cut transport cost in East Asia by up to three percent. This translates into a 0.3 to 0.5 percent across-the-board tariff cut.
{"title":"Investing in Port Infrastructure to Lower Trade Costs in East Asia","authors":"K. Abe, J. Wilson","doi":"10.11644/KIEP.JEAI.2011.15.2.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11644/KIEP.JEAI.2011.15.2.228","url":null,"abstract":"We examine how port infrastructure affects trade and role of transport costs in driving exports and imports for East Asia. Existing studies use survey indexes to explain transport costs. These do not link investment in port infrastructure to transport costs. We include in our estimates a variable to represent the congestion of the ports to explain the transport costs. We find that the port congestion has significantly increased the transport costs from East Asia to the United States. Our analysis suggests that increase in port capacity by 10 percent could cut transport cost in East Asia by up to three percent. This translates into a 0.3 to 0.5 percent across-the-board tariff cut.","PeriodicalId":412625,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure & Communication (Topic)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134171690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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