Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2403042
Vivian Huang, Alexandra Fiocco
This survey-based, cross-sectional study explored the independent and synergistic effect of filial piety discrepancy (FPD), acculturation, and living arrangement on the psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of older Chinese immigrants living in Canada. A total of 299 older Chinese immigrants were recruited from community organizations in the Greater Toronto Area. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed demographic information, filial piety, living arrangement, acculturation, and three domains of wellbeing. Greater FPD was associated with lower self-reported psychological, social, and physical wellbeing. Co-residence with adult children was also associated with greater psychological wellbeing. Although living arrangement did not moderate the association between FPD and wellbeing, a significant interaction between FPD and acculturation indicated that the association between greater FPD and poorer psychological wellbeing was strongest for those with lower acculturation levels. This study confirms previous associations found between FPD and psychological wellbeing, and further extends this association to social and physical indices of wellbeing. Study findings further highlight the importance of acculturation in the relationship between FPD and wellbeing among older Chinese immigrants.
{"title":"Filial Piety Discrepancy and Wellbeing among Older Chinese Immigrants Living in Canada: The Role of Acculturation and Living Arrangement","authors":"Vivian Huang, Alexandra Fiocco","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2403042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2403042","url":null,"abstract":"This survey-based, cross-sectional study explored the independent and synergistic effect of filial piety discrepancy (FPD), acculturation, and living arrangement on the psychological, social, and physical wellbeing of older Chinese immigrants living in Canada. A total of 299 older Chinese immigrants were recruited from community organizations in the Greater Toronto Area. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed demographic information, filial piety, living arrangement, acculturation, and three domains of wellbeing. Greater FPD was associated with lower self-reported psychological, social, and physical wellbeing. Co-residence with adult children was also associated with greater psychological wellbeing. Although living arrangement did not moderate the association between FPD and wellbeing, a significant interaction between FPD and acculturation indicated that the association between greater FPD and poorer psychological wellbeing was strongest for those with lower acculturation levels. This study confirms previous associations found between FPD and psychological wellbeing, and further extends this association to social and physical indices of wellbeing. Study findings further highlight the importance of acculturation in the relationship between FPD and wellbeing among older Chinese immigrants.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"121 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2403041
Eli Cwinn, Kayla Hamel
Concept PaperApplied Pragmatic Functional Contextualism: A New Epistemological and Theoretical Framework for Applied Mental Health ResearchEli Cwinn 1, *, Kayla Hamel 2* Correspondence: Eli Cwinn; E-Mail: ecwinn2@uwo.caAcademic Editor: Marianna MazzaOBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine2024, volume 9, issue 3 doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2403041Received: January 22, 2024Accepted: June 22, 2024Published: July 10, 2024AbstractThis paper argues that psychology, as a discipline, requires research to be situated in the context of a content-based theory. We identify several problems and pitfalls with requiring a content-based theory for applied mental health research, a priori. Nonetheless, we also articulate a rationale for why theory matters and that a new sort of theoretical framework is required for applied mental health research. We address this need by articulating a new theoretical framework called Applied Pragmatic Functional Contextualism which satisfies the functions of being theory-driven while also circumventing some of the barriers of relying on content-based theory. We provide clear criteria for APFC and examples of research that is APFC consistent and APFC inconsistent. We conclude by discussing implications of using APFC for individual researchers, the field of applied mental health and the clients they serve, and for psychology as an institution.KeywordsTheory; applied mental health research; methods; research design; intervention; psychotherapy; mental health; psychological science; qualitative research methods; qualitative design
{"title":"Applied Pragmatic Functional Contextualism: A New Epistemological and Theoretical Framework for Applied Mental Health Research","authors":"Eli Cwinn, Kayla Hamel","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2403041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2403041","url":null,"abstract":"Concept Paper<strong>Applied Pragmatic Functional Contextualism: A New Epistemological and Theoretical Framework for Applied Mental Health Research</strong>Eli Cwinn <sup>1, </sup><sup>*</sup>, Kayla Hamel <sup>2</sup>* <strong>Correspondence: </strong>Eli Cwinn; E-Mail: <a href=\"mailto:ecwinn2@uwo.ca\">ecwinn2@uwo.ca</a><strong>Academic Editor: </strong>Marianna Mazza<em>OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine</em>2024, volume 9, issue 3 doi:10.21926/obm.icm.2403041<strong>Received:</strong> January 22, 2024<strong>Accepted:</strong> June 22, 2024<strong>Published:</strong> July 10, 2024<strong>A</strong><strong>bstract</strong>This paper argues that psychology, as a discipline, requires research to be situated in the context of a content-based theory. We identify several problems and pitfalls with requiring a content-based theory for applied mental health research, <em>a priori</em>. Nonetheless, we also articulate a rationale for why theory matters and that a new sort of theoretical framework is required for applied mental health research. We address this need by articulating a new theoretical framework called Applied Pragmatic Functional Contextualism which satisfies the functions of being theory-driven while also circumventing some of the barriers of relying on content-based theory. We provide clear criteria for APFC and examples of research that is APFC consistent and APFC inconsistent. We conclude by discussing implications of using APFC for individual researchers, the field of applied mental health and the clients they serve, and for psychology as an institution.<strong>Keyword</strong><strong>s</strong>Theory; applied mental health research; methods; research design; intervention; psychotherapy; mental health; psychological science; qualitative research methods; qualitative design","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"30 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141659842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-10DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2403040
K. M. Moreno-Calderón, A. Saavedra-Molina, Mariana Gómez-Barroso, Donovan J Peña-Montes, Christian Cortés-Rojo, Alain Rodríguez-Orozco, Omar Ortiz-Ayala, R. Montoya-Pérez
An excess of adipose tissue characterizes obesity; it is associated with complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to an alteration in the lipid profile; this condition affects all tissues; even skeletal muscle is the most affected, causing its malfunction and bringing more significant consequences. Exercise has been described as one of the best treatments to combat obesity. At the same time, E. carlinae is a plant proven to have lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic effects, improving the function of various organs. However, its described effect has not been proven in skeletal muscle during obesity. Wistar male rats were separated into 8 groups, 4 healthy and 4 obese, treated with exercise and E. carlinae extract; after 8 weeks, they were sacrificed, muscles were extracted to measure contraction force, and blood was extracted to perform biochemical tests. Both exercise and E. carlinae extract effectively lowered glucose, improved lipid profile, reduced visceral fat, and improved muscle function during obesity. Exercise and E. carlinae extract improved muscle function during obesity, concerning better utilization and lower absorption of lipids.
{"title":"Eryngium carlinae Extract and Exercise Improve Blood Lipid Profile and Skeletal Muscle Function in Obese Rats","authors":"K. M. Moreno-Calderón, A. Saavedra-Molina, Mariana Gómez-Barroso, Donovan J Peña-Montes, Christian Cortés-Rojo, Alain Rodríguez-Orozco, Omar Ortiz-Ayala, R. Montoya-Pérez","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2403040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2403040","url":null,"abstract":"An excess of adipose tissue characterizes obesity; it is associated with complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to an alteration in the lipid profile; this condition affects all tissues; even skeletal muscle is the most affected, causing its malfunction and bringing more significant consequences. Exercise has been described as one of the best treatments to combat obesity. At the same time, E. carlinae is a plant proven to have lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic effects, improving the function of various organs. However, its described effect has not been proven in skeletal muscle during obesity. Wistar male rats were separated into 8 groups, 4 healthy and 4 obese, treated with exercise and E. carlinae extract; after 8 weeks, they were sacrificed, muscles were extracted to measure contraction force, and blood was extracted to perform biochemical tests. Both exercise and E. carlinae extract effectively lowered glucose, improved lipid profile, reduced visceral fat, and improved muscle function during obesity. Exercise and E. carlinae extract improved muscle function during obesity, concerning better utilization and lower absorption of lipids.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"38 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141660359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2403039
María del Valle del Olmo de Dios, Alfonso Roberto Barros-Loscertales, L. Cruañes
Mediterranean diet, considered key to varied diets, raises whether it is necessary to supplement it with compounds like nutraceuticals to obtain more benefits. A scoping review was conducted. Nine articles were selected that compared the effects of nutraceuticals on biochemical markers (such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc)), weight, and blood pressure in various studies to the results observed in groups only exposed to the Mediterranean diet. The aim was to assess the impact of the Mediterranean diet with and without nutraceutical supplementation. The studies showed that, following nutraceutical intake, there were significant changes in subjects’ lipid profile, specifically decreases in TC and LDLc. We did not observe systematic information regarding blood pressure and weight changes in response to the Mediterranean diet with and without nutraceuticals. No adverse effects related to nutraceutical consumption were reported in any study. Nutraceuticals can be used to reinforce the basis of the Mediterranean diet and promote a reduction in lipid profile parameters like TC and LDLc. No significant information about triglycerides, blood pressure, or glucose levels is reported.
{"title":"Scoping Review of Nutraceuticals Use in Mediterranean Diet","authors":"María del Valle del Olmo de Dios, Alfonso Roberto Barros-Loscertales, L. Cruañes","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2403039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2403039","url":null,"abstract":"Mediterranean diet, considered key to varied diets, raises whether it is necessary to supplement it with compounds like nutraceuticals to obtain more benefits. A scoping review was conducted. Nine articles were selected that compared the effects of nutraceuticals on biochemical markers (such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc)), weight, and blood pressure in various studies to the results observed in groups only exposed to the Mediterranean diet. The aim was to assess the impact of the Mediterranean diet with and without nutraceutical supplementation. The studies showed that, following nutraceutical intake, there were significant changes in subjects’ lipid profile, specifically decreases in TC and LDLc. We did not observe systematic information regarding blood pressure and weight changes in response to the Mediterranean diet with and without nutraceuticals. No adverse effects related to nutraceutical consumption were reported in any study. Nutraceuticals can be used to reinforce the basis of the Mediterranean diet and promote a reduction in lipid profile parameters like TC and LDLc. No significant information about triglycerides, blood pressure, or glucose levels is reported.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402034
R. Pessina, F. Colmegna, Massimo Clerici, E. di Giacomo
Therapeutic termination of pregnancy (TToP) is performed for maternal health risks or severe fetal malformations. Research focuses on women's psychopathological outcomes after TToP, noting that 10-22% of women experience psychiatric disorders, especially depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about paternal mental outcomes. This study analyzed biological fathers' mental health at a 1-year follow-up after TToP. Results indicate biological fathers show no alarming psychiatric outcomes one-year post-TToP, with no signs of PTSD. Resilience might be a protective factor, but further research is needed. Furthermore, the high percentage of paternal emotional neglect during childhood should interfere with the conclusions. Additional analysis is mandatory and it is essential to highlight that 30% of the original male sample refused to complete the questionnaires due to emotional distress in recalling. Still, their data are missing, and it is not possible to make inferences from them. However, mental health support should be offered on a regular basis to both men and women.
{"title":"Therapeutic Termination of Pregnancy and Paternal Mental Outcomes","authors":"R. Pessina, F. Colmegna, Massimo Clerici, E. di Giacomo","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2402034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2402034","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic termination of pregnancy (TToP) is performed for maternal health risks or severe fetal malformations. Research focuses on women's psychopathological outcomes after TToP, noting that 10-22% of women experience psychiatric disorders, especially depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about paternal mental outcomes. This study analyzed biological fathers' mental health at a 1-year follow-up after TToP. Results indicate biological fathers show no alarming psychiatric outcomes one-year post-TToP, with no signs of PTSD. Resilience might be a protective factor, but further research is needed. Furthermore, the high percentage of paternal emotional neglect during childhood should interfere with the conclusions. Additional analysis is mandatory and it is essential to highlight that 30% of the original male sample refused to complete the questionnaires due to emotional distress in recalling. Still, their data are missing, and it is not possible to make inferences from them. However, mental health support should be offered on a regular basis to both men and women.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-11DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402033
Charles Heriot-Maitland, Jo Taylor
This article describes the development and delivery of a novel model of supervision for senior teachers in schools, informed by Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT). It explores whether this model can be considered acceptable and valuable to senior teachers, and is able to be delivered by multiple supervisors using a manual. Surveys, interviews, and focus groups were used to gather feedback about the value and impact of the supervision. Data were gathered from 39 senior teachers across three phases to assess feedback over time, as new supervisors were trained to deliver supervision with the aid of a manual. The supervision model, called Compassion Focused Coaching (CFC) in Education, was found to be an acceptable and valuable model for senior teachers in schools, with benefits for compassion to self, students, and colleagues. The CFC Manual was found to be a useful guide for new supervisors, with no previous experience of CFT, to start delivering CFC sessions. Limitations of this study include the fact that there was no tool for assessing supervisor competence and adherence to the CFC supervision model, which is an area for future development. No standardised measures were used, and the results should therefore be considered in terms of feasibility, rather than evaluation. In conclusion, CFC is an acceptable and scalable model of supervision for senior leaders in schools. There are indications of this model having value and impact in a number of areas of school life, from staff wellbeing, to dealing with challenging situations and relationships. Formal evaluation of CFC is required in future research to understand the effectiveness of this model, compared to other models of supervision and peer support.
{"title":"Developing a Compassion Focused Supervision Model for Senior Leaders in Education","authors":"Charles Heriot-Maitland, Jo Taylor","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2402033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2402033","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the development and delivery of a novel model of supervision for senior teachers in schools, informed by Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT). It explores whether this model can be considered acceptable and valuable to senior teachers, and is able to be delivered by multiple supervisors using a manual. Surveys, interviews, and focus groups were used to gather feedback about the value and impact of the supervision. Data were gathered from 39 senior teachers across three phases to assess feedback over time, as new supervisors were trained to deliver supervision with the aid of a manual. The supervision model, called Compassion Focused Coaching (CFC) in Education, was found to be an acceptable and valuable model for senior teachers in schools, with benefits for compassion to self, students, and colleagues. The CFC Manual was found to be a useful guide for new supervisors, with no previous experience of CFT, to start delivering CFC sessions. Limitations of this study include the fact that there was no tool for assessing supervisor competence and adherence to the CFC supervision model, which is an area for future development. No standardised measures were used, and the results should therefore be considered in terms of feasibility, rather than evaluation. In conclusion, CFC is an acceptable and scalable model of supervision for senior leaders in schools. There are indications of this model having value and impact in a number of areas of school life, from staff wellbeing, to dealing with challenging situations and relationships. Formal evaluation of CFC is required in future research to understand the effectiveness of this model, compared to other models of supervision and peer support.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"43 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141355032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402032
Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli, Michael T Lynskey, A. Schlag, David J Nutt
Chronic pain is one of the most common conditions for which people seek treatment with cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) and there is mounting real world evidence that CBMPs are safe and effective in treating pain. Many people with chronic pain also experience major depression and it is unknown whether pain patients with major depression derive equal benefit from CBMPs as those who are not depressed since comorbidities are usually an exclusion factor in RCTs. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with chronic pain with and without co-morbid depression experience the same improvement in pain and quality of life outcomes after three months of medical cannabis treatment. Data were derived from Project Twenty21 (T21), one of the largest observational studies in medicinal cannabis in the UK. Baseline data were available for 1816 chronic pain patients and three-month follow-up data were available for 1058 of these patients. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between chronic pain and comorbid depression after three months of medical cannabis treatment controlling for sociodemographic factors. Prescribed cannabis was associated with marked reductions in pain severity and interference and with improvements in aspects of general health and quality of life. A substantial portion (23.4%) of chronic pain patients reported comorbid depression. Patients with comorbid depression reported more pain interference at baseline (mean = 7.5 vs 6.8, p < 0.01) while there was no significant difference for pain severity (mean = 5.9 vs 6.0, p > 0.05). Depression status did not predict reduction in pain severity and interference at three months, while baseline scores, age and number of total comorbidities predicted some treatment outcomes. These results indicate that comorbid depression should not be a barrier to accessing treatment with CBMPs for chronic pain patients.
{"title":"Prescribed Medicinal Cannabis for the Treatment of Chronic Pain Comorbid with Depression: Real World Evidence from Project Twenty21","authors":"Alkyoni Athanasiou-Fragkouli, Michael T Lynskey, A. Schlag, David J Nutt","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2402032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2402032","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic pain is one of the most common conditions for which people seek treatment with cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) and there is mounting real world evidence that CBMPs are safe and effective in treating pain. Many people with chronic pain also experience major depression and it is unknown whether pain patients with major depression derive equal benefit from CBMPs as those who are not depressed since comorbidities are usually an exclusion factor in RCTs. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with chronic pain with and without co-morbid depression experience the same improvement in pain and quality of life outcomes after three months of medical cannabis treatment. Data were derived from Project Twenty21 (T21), one of the largest observational studies in medicinal cannabis in the UK. Baseline data were available for 1816 chronic pain patients and three-month follow-up data were available for 1058 of these patients. Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between chronic pain and comorbid depression after three months of medical cannabis treatment controlling for sociodemographic factors. Prescribed cannabis was associated with marked reductions in pain severity and interference and with improvements in aspects of general health and quality of life. A substantial portion (23.4%) of chronic pain patients reported comorbid depression. Patients with comorbid depression reported more pain interference at baseline (mean = 7.5 vs 6.8, p < 0.01) while there was no significant difference for pain severity (mean = 5.9 vs 6.0, p > 0.05). Depression status did not predict reduction in pain severity and interference at three months, while baseline scores, age and number of total comorbidities predicted some treatment outcomes. These results indicate that comorbid depression should not be a barrier to accessing treatment with CBMPs for chronic pain patients.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141385804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402031
Hannah O'Connor, Joseph Biederman, M. DiSalvo, G. Joshi, S. Faraone, Janet Wozniak
The aim of this paper is to examine effects of stimulant treatment in children and adolescents with high levels of emotional dysregulation in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Subjects were referred children and adolescents 6-17 years of age who presented to a child psychiatric outpatient clinic between September 2016-November 2021 and received a prescription for a stimulant medication. Children were stratified into those with low and high levels of emotional dysregulation as defined by an aggregate T-score of <180 or ≥210 on the combined Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Anxious/Depressed subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; CBCL-AAA). We analyzed patient prescription, diagnosis, and hospital visit data extracted from the electronic medical record from any time prior to referral through three months after referral. Patients with higher CBCL-AAA scores at clinic intake had a significantly different medication and diagnosis profile and were more likely to have a higher dosage of stimulants than patients with lower scores. These patients also were more likely to receive an additional medication class during follow-up, which was driven by second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Emergency room visits and inpatient psychiatric admissions were rare but present only in the group with higher CBCL-AA scores. These results suggest that stimulant treatment affects youth with high versus low levels of emotional dysregulation adversely with a need for higher stimulant doses and treatment augmentation with SGAs. The CBCL may be a useful tool for identifying poor outcomes with stimulant treatment.
{"title":"Is Stimulant Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Mood Dysregulation Associated with Adverse Outcomes?","authors":"Hannah O'Connor, Joseph Biederman, M. DiSalvo, G. Joshi, S. Faraone, Janet Wozniak","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2402031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2402031","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to examine effects of stimulant treatment in children and adolescents with high levels of emotional dysregulation in a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Subjects were referred children and adolescents 6-17 years of age who presented to a child psychiatric outpatient clinic between September 2016-November 2021 and received a prescription for a stimulant medication. Children were stratified into those with low and high levels of emotional dysregulation as defined by an aggregate T-score of <180 or ≥210 on the combined Attention Problems, Aggressive Behavior, and Anxious/Depressed subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; CBCL-AAA). We analyzed patient prescription, diagnosis, and hospital visit data extracted from the electronic medical record from any time prior to referral through three months after referral. Patients with higher CBCL-AAA scores at clinic intake had a significantly different medication and diagnosis profile and were more likely to have a higher dosage of stimulants than patients with lower scores. These patients also were more likely to receive an additional medication class during follow-up, which was driven by second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs). Emergency room visits and inpatient psychiatric admissions were rare but present only in the group with higher CBCL-AA scores. These results suggest that stimulant treatment affects youth with high versus low levels of emotional dysregulation adversely with a need for higher stimulant doses and treatment augmentation with SGAs. The CBCL may be a useful tool for identifying poor outcomes with stimulant treatment.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141387894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402030
Emily Schafer
According to the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), nearly 30 million children in the United States have experienced one or more types of significant childhood trauma. In the average public school, this statistic translates to as many as half of the students in a given teacher’s classroom. Children exposed to the toxic stress of trauma often experience negative consequences that affect their academic, psychological, socioemotional, and behavioral health. To aid educators in addressing this reality, trauma-informed care practices have increasingly begun to be translated into professional development opportunities for educators. Using the theoretical frameworks of trauma theory and transformational learning theory, this review of the literature provides a brief overview of trauma theory, the short- and long-term effects on children, the mechanisms involved in how trauma affects developmental outcomes, and the relevance of trauma in an educational setting. It also reviews the implementation of trauma-informed care as professional development in educational settings, examines research on educators’ awareness of beliefs and attitudes, and reviews how/whether knowledge and change in attitudes affect behavioral change.
{"title":"Trauma in Schools: A Review of the Impact of Childhood Trauma and Assessment of a Potential Intervention","authors":"Emily Schafer","doi":"10.21926/obm.icm.2402030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2402030","url":null,"abstract":"According to the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), nearly 30 million children in the United States have experienced one or more types of significant childhood trauma. In the average public school, this statistic translates to as many as half of the students in a given teacher’s classroom. Children exposed to the toxic stress of trauma often experience negative consequences that affect their academic, psychological, socioemotional, and behavioral health. To aid educators in addressing this reality, trauma-informed care practices have increasingly begun to be translated into professional development opportunities for educators. Using the theoretical frameworks of trauma theory and transformational learning theory, this review of the literature provides a brief overview of trauma theory, the short- and long-term effects on children, the mechanisms involved in how trauma affects developmental outcomes, and the relevance of trauma in an educational setting. It also reviews the implementation of trauma-informed care as professional development in educational settings, examines research on educators’ awareness of beliefs and attitudes, and reviews how/whether knowledge and change in attitudes affect behavioral change.","PeriodicalId":413918,"journal":{"name":"OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine","volume":"77 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141101725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2402028
A. Valado, Márcia Morais, Stephanie Fortes, Joana Rosado, João Paulo Figueiredo, A. Caseiro
Hydrotherapy is highly recommended for older adults because it offers warmth and support, so people with pain or reduced mobility and balance can move and exercise more freely compared to regular physical activity. The high plasma antioxidant capacity of uric acid in neutralizing oxidative species and the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in vasodilation and inflammatory response are relevant in older adults. This work aimed to evaluate hydrotherapy's effect on uric acid and NO concentrations in a population aged ≥ 60 years before and after hydrotherapy. A randomized study with 37 individuals was divided into two groups: the experimental group, which was evaluated at two time points: T0-before treatment and T1-after 15-hydrotherapy sessions, and the control group, which did not practice any exercise. The determinations of uric acid and NO levels in serum were carried out by spectrophotometry. Statistics were carried out with SPSS. The experimental group showed a significant increase in the concentration of uric acid in T1 compared to T0. NO results did not show significant differences between T0 and T1. Regular hydrotherapy increases the concentration of serum uric acid, potentially beneficial in the performance of antioxidant functions, reducing oxidative stress, delaying aging, and improving the well-being of older adults.
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