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True Colors: Chromaticity, Realism and Technological Honesty 真实的色彩:色度,现实主义和技术诚实
Pub Date : 2021-12-19 DOI: 10.31009/cc.2021.v9.i17.05
A. Philip
I propose an application of agential realism to my practice as research, a film about my mother getting one tattoo covered with a new one, to investigate the material-discursive role played by the camera in determining meaning within the film image. I use my practice as a comparative case study, considering how a specific camera apparatus determines and negotiates standards of colour accuracy, and what it means to remove those colour values in post-production. I argue that the different colour processing of the same footage produces perceptible onto-epistemological difference, even while it remains indexically equivalent. Second, I will show exactly how this particular digital photosensitive technology meets the pro-filmic event to record colour, enacting agencies that reduce matter to fit a specifically programmed colour system, prior to any manipulation in post-production. The system itself draws the boundaries of accuracy it claims to achieve, with inevitable ethical implications.
我提出将代理现实主义应用到我的实践研究中,一部关于我母亲在一个纹身上覆盖一个新纹身的电影,以探讨相机在决定电影图像中的意义方面所起的物质话语作用。我用我的实践作为比较案例研究,考虑特定的相机设备如何决定和协商色彩准确性标准,以及在后期制作中去除这些色彩值意味着什么。我认为,即使在索引上相同的情况下,对同一镜头的不同颜色处理也会产生可察觉的本体-认识论差异。其次,我将准确地展示这种特殊的数字光敏技术是如何满足亲电影事件来记录色彩的,在后期制作的任何操作之前,代理机构将物质减少到适合特定编程的色彩系统。该系统本身划定了它声称要达到的准确性的界限,这不可避免地涉及伦理问题。
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引用次数: 0
Memories from the Darkness in the Films of Pedro Costa and Affonso Uchôa 佩德罗·科斯塔和阿方索电影中的黑暗记忆Uchôa
Pub Date : 2021-12-19 DOI: 10.31009/cc.2021.v9.i17.03
Edson Pereira da Costa Júnior
This essay analyses realist works from contemporary world cinema wherein the representation of space-time is directly affected by the color black, referring to both night and dark shadows. It investigates exactly how darkness participates in moments when the filmed subjects remember traumatic events and confront them through their courageous retellings. My hypothesis is that the color black converts the space—realistic and concerning the characters’ present time—into a place where different temporalities coexist. Through a comparative analysis of films made by the Portuguese filmmaker Pedro Costa and the Brazilian filmmaker Affonso Uchôa in the past two decades, I show how this modulation in space-time produced through color has a political meaning, since the narrated memories are related to a social experience of class and race.
本文分析了当代世界电影中的现实主义作品,其中时空的表现直接受到黑色的影响,黑色既指夜晚,也指阴影。它确切地调查了黑暗是如何参与拍摄对象回忆创伤事件并通过勇敢的复述来面对它们的时刻的。我的假设是,黑色将空间现实性和关于人物现在的时间转化为不同时间并存的地方。通过对葡萄牙导演佩德罗·科斯塔(Pedro Costa)和巴西导演阿方索·Uchôa在过去二十年中拍摄的电影的比较分析,我展示了这种通过颜色产生的时空调制如何具有政治意义,因为所叙述的记忆与阶级和种族的社会经验有关。
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引用次数: 0
The Politics of Nostalgia: Colorization, Spectatorship and the Archive 怀旧的政治:色彩化、观赏性和档案
Pub Date : 2021-12-19 DOI: 10.31009/cc.2021.v9.i17.07
Liz Watkins
Colorization describes the digitization and retrospective addition of color to photographic and film materials (celluloid nitrate, glass negatives) initially made and circulated in a black-and-white format. Revisiting the controversial 1980s colorization of 24 classic Hollywood studio titles, which incited debate over questions of copyright, authorship and artistic expression, this essay examines the use of colorization to interpret museum collections for new audiences. The aesthetics of colorization have been criticized for prioritizing image content over the history of film technologies, practices and exhibition. An examination of They Shall Not Grow Old (Jackson, 2018) finds a use of digital editing and coloring techniques in the colorization of First World War film footage held in the Imperial War Museum archives that is familiar to the director’s fiction films. Jackson’s film is a commemorative project, yet the “holistic unity” of authorial technique operates across fragments of archive film and photographs to imbricate of fiction and nonfiction, signaling vital questions around the ethics and ideologies of “natural color”, historiography, and the authenticity of materials and spectator experience.
彩色化描述了最初以黑白格式制作和流通的摄影和电影材料(硝酸赛璐珞,玻璃底片)的数字化和回顾性添加颜色。回顾20世纪80年代有争议的24个经典好莱坞工作室标题的着色,这引发了关于版权,作者身份和艺术表达问题的辩论,本文探讨了使用着色为新观众解释博物馆藏品。色彩美学因优先考虑图像内容而受到批评,而不是电影技术,实践和展览的历史。对《他们不会变老》(杰克逊,2018年)的研究发现,在帝国战争博物馆档案中保存的第一次世界大战电影片段的着色中,使用了数字编辑和着色技术,这对导演的虚构电影很熟悉。杰克逊的电影是一个纪念项目,然而作者技术的“整体统一”跨越了档案电影和照片的碎片,将小说和非小说交织在一起,标志着围绕“自然色彩”、历史编纂、材料和观众体验的真实性的伦理和意识形态的重要问题。
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引用次数: 1
Reading the Biopic through Persona: A Comparison between "Bohemian Rhapsody" and "Rocketman" 从人物角色看传记片:《波西米亚狂想曲》与《火箭人》的比较
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.02
H. Andrews
Personas are the public expressions of a private identity, the performance of personality in the social world. They are particularly visible and familiar in the world of celebrity, where entertainers regularly adopt an alter-ego for performance. This has intriguing consequences for biographical representations of performers. Biopic actors are obliged to duplicate the public-facing persona, which is an already-known, semi-fictional construction, and the private individual beneath. The narrative of the biopic must account for this relationship between the persona and the person who authors it. This article explores this process in two high-profile rock biopics, Bohemian Rhapsody (2018) and Rocketman (2019), comparing their different approaches to reproducing and exploring the persona of their subjects in performance, style and mise en scène.
人物角色是私人身份的公开表达,是个性在社会中的表现。在名人圈,他们尤其显眼和熟悉,在那里,艺人经常采用另一个自我来表演。这对表演者的传记表现产生了有趣的影响。传记片的演员不得不复制面向公众的角色,这是一个已知的、半虚构的结构,以及下面的私人个体。传记片的叙事必须考虑到角色和作者之间的关系。本文在两部备受瞩目的摇滚传记片《波西米亚狂想曲》(2018)和《火箭人》(2019)中探讨了这一过程,比较了它们在表演、风格和场景中再现和探索主题人物的不同方法。
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引用次数: 1
El México que no fue: The Tentative Retelling of Luis Donaldo Colosio’s Assassination El m<s:1> xico que no fue:路易斯·多纳尔多·科洛西奥遇刺的试探性重述
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.03
Anna Marta Marini
On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of his death in 2019, Netflix released two limited series focused on Mexican presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio and his assassination. 1994 (directed by Diego Enrique Osorno) and Crime Diaries: The Candidate (Historia de un crimen: Colosio, directed by Hiromi Kamata and Natalia Beristáin) are, respectively, a documentary series and a drama, both delving into the political conjuncture surrounding both Colosio’s candidacy and the investigations subsequent to his assassination. Since his dramatic death, the image of Colosio has maintained its associations with heroism and his unrealized presidency has come to embody the “México que no fue,” a radically innovated Mexican state that never was and, possibly, will never be. Both series rely on the exploitation of original footage and underlying political takes on the events. This analysis will critically compare the two series from three main thematic perspectives: the Mexican political context at the time of the assassination; Colosio’s characterization and private life; and the procedural aspects of the investigations.
2019年,在他去世25周年之际,Netflix推出了两部限定剧,主要讲述墨西哥总统候选人路易斯·多纳尔多·科罗西奥及其遇刺事件。《1994》(由迭戈·恩里克·奥索尔诺执导)和《犯罪日记:候选人》(《犯罪史:科洛西奥》,由卡玛塔博美和娜塔莉亚·Beristáin执导)分别是纪录片系列和电视剧,都深入探讨了科洛西奥竞选总统的政治形势以及他被暗杀后的调查。自从他戏剧性地去世以来,科罗西奥的形象一直与英雄主义联系在一起,他未实现的总统任期已经成为“墨西哥没有未来”的象征,一个从未有过、也可能永远不会有的彻底创新的墨西哥国家。这两部剧都依赖于对原始素材的挖掘和对事件潜在的政治观点。本分析将从三个主要主题角度对两部剧进行批判性比较:暗杀时墨西哥的政治背景;克罗西奥的人物塑造与私生活;以及调查的程序方面。
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引用次数: 1
Flowing Bodies: Autoethnographies of Desire in "Christmas on Earth", "Fuses" and "Je, tu, il, elle" 流动的身体:《地球上的圣诞节》、《导火索》和《我、你、我、你》中欲望的自我民族志
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.07
Ariadna Moreno Pellejero
This article explores how three women filmmakers express their ways of understanding and experiencing pleasure, based on a comparative study of Christmas on Earth (Barbara Rubin, 1963), Fuses (Carolee Schneemann, 1964–67) and Je, tu, il, elle (Chantal Akerman, 1974). By filming the subculture to which they belong or presenting themselves in the sexual act in a way that emulates ritual, these filmmakers recognize their own sexuality in opposition to the model that relegates the woman to the role of muse. Drawing on Artaud’s concept of ritual and his “Body without Organs,” this analysis posits the possibility of the concept of “flowing bodies,” referring to bodies in motion that affirm their own pleasure, andproposes to describe the three films explored here as “autoethnographies of desire.”
本文通过对《地球上的圣诞节》(Barbara Rubin, 1963)、《福丝》(Carolee Schneemann, 1964-67)和《Je, tu, il, elle》(Chantal Akerman, 1974)的比较研究,探讨了三位女性电影人是如何表达她们理解和体验快乐的方式的。通过拍摄他们所属的亚文化,或者以一种模仿仪式的方式在性行为中表现自己,这些电影制作人认识到自己的性取向,与将女性贬为缪斯角色的模式相反。根据亚陶的仪式概念和他的“无器官的身体”,这一分析假设了“流动的身体”概念的可能性,指的是肯定自己快乐的运动中的身体,并建议将这里探索的三部电影描述为“欲望的自我民族志”。
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引用次数: 0
Towards New Ways of Representing History: Generic Innovations in the Historical Biopic in Spain 走向表现历史的新途径:西班牙历史传记片的共性创新
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.04
Victoria Pastor-González
As virtual sites of public memorialization, historical biopics play an important part in shaping our view of the past. The genre employs a range of formal and narrative strategies in order to create persuasive narratives about historical characters and events. However, nation-specific socio-cultural and industrial conditions frequently determine whose lives are deserving of biographical treatment and how their stories are told. The following comparative analysis of two recent historical biopics, Clara Campoamor, The Forgotten Woman (Clara Campoamor, la mujer olvidada, Laura Mañá, 2011) and While at War (Mientras dure la guerra, Alejandro Amenábar, 2019), foregrounds some of these nation-specific circumstances in the Spanish context. It then proposes that these two works employ innovative strategies that signal possible new avenues for the historical biopic in Spain. In the case of Clara Campoamor, Mañá suggests alternative ways of representing historical female figures in the public arena, whilst in his film Amenábar mobilizes the conventions of the Hollywood biopic to aid transnational readability.
作为公众纪念的虚拟场所,历史传记片在塑造我们对过去的看法方面发挥着重要作用。这种类型采用了一系列的形式和叙事策略,以创造关于历史人物和事件的有说服力的叙事。然而,特定国家的社会文化和工业条件往往决定了谁的生活值得传记处理,以及他们的故事如何讲述。以下是两部近期历史传记片《克拉拉·坎波莫,被遗忘的女人》(Clara Campoamor, la mujer olvidada, Laura Mañá, 2011)和《在战争中》(Mientras dure la guerra, Alejandro Amenábar, 2019)的比较分析,在西班牙背景下突出了这些特定国家的一些情况。然后,它提出这两部作品采用创新的策略,标志着西班牙历史传记片可能的新途径。在Clara Campoamor的案例中,Mañá提出了在公共舞台上表现历史女性人物的其他方式,而在他的电影中Amenábar调动了好莱坞传记片的惯例,以帮助跨国可读性。
{"title":"Towards New Ways of Representing History: Generic Innovations in the Historical Biopic in Spain","authors":"Victoria Pastor-González","doi":"10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.04","url":null,"abstract":"As virtual sites of public memorialization, historical biopics play an important part in shaping our view of the past. The genre employs a range of formal and narrative strategies in order to create persuasive narratives about historical characters and events. However, nation-specific socio-cultural and industrial conditions frequently determine whose lives are deserving of biographical treatment and how their stories are told. The following comparative analysis of two recent historical biopics, Clara Campoamor, The Forgotten Woman (Clara Campoamor, la mujer olvidada, Laura Mañá, 2011) and While at War (Mientras dure la guerra, Alejandro Amenábar, 2019), foregrounds some of these nation-specific circumstances in the Spanish context. It then proposes that these two works employ innovative strategies that signal possible new avenues for the historical biopic in Spain. In the case of Clara Campoamor, Mañá suggests alternative ways of representing historical female figures in the public arena, whilst in his film Amenábar mobilizes the conventions of the Hollywood biopic to aid transnational readability.","PeriodicalId":414949,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cinema","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124812863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tropical Purgatory: Brazil Through the Lenses of Stefan Zweig and Elizabeth Bishop 热带炼狱:斯蒂芬·茨威格和伊丽莎白·毕晓普镜头下的巴西
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.05
Fabio Camarneiro
Writers Stefan Zweig and Elizabeth Bishop both lived in Brazil, although in very different circumstances. Their stories served as basis for two films: Maria Schrader’s Stefan Zweig: Farewell to Europe (Vor der Morgenröte, 2016), and Bruno Barreto’s Reaching for the Moon (Flores raras, 2013). This article aims to describe the differences between these two films, and how they can be connected to Brazilian authors such as Gilberto Freyre and Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, whose works attempt to understand Brazil’s social dynamics from the perspective of its violent colonial past. Furthermore, this article aims to question the connections between historical accuracy and political engagement, arguing that the general tone of a film narrative may sometimes be much more politically-oriented than the actual facts it portrays.
作家斯蒂芬·茨威格和伊丽莎白·毕晓普都曾在巴西生活过,尽管他们所处的环境截然不同。他们的故事成为两部电影的基础:玛丽亚·施拉德的《斯蒂芬·茨威格:告别欧洲》(Vor der Morgenröte, 2016)和布鲁诺·巴雷托的《登月》(Flores raras, 2013)。本文旨在描述这两部电影之间的差异,以及它们如何与巴西作家(如Gilberto Freyre和ssamrgio Buarque de Holanda)联系起来,他们的作品试图从其暴力殖民历史的角度了解巴西的社会动态。此外,本文旨在质疑历史准确性与政治参与之间的联系,认为电影叙事的总体基调有时可能比它所描绘的实际事实更具政治导向。
{"title":"Tropical Purgatory: Brazil Through the Lenses of Stefan Zweig and Elizabeth Bishop","authors":"Fabio Camarneiro","doi":"10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.05","url":null,"abstract":"Writers Stefan Zweig and Elizabeth Bishop both lived in Brazil, although in very different circumstances. Their stories served as basis for two films: Maria Schrader’s Stefan Zweig: Farewell to Europe (Vor der Morgenröte, 2016), and Bruno Barreto’s Reaching for the Moon (Flores raras, 2013). This article aims to describe the differences between these two films, and how they can be connected to Brazilian authors such as Gilberto Freyre and Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, whose works attempt to understand Brazil’s social dynamics from the perspective of its violent colonial past. Furthermore, this article aims to question the connections between historical accuracy and political engagement, arguing that the general tone of a film narrative may sometimes be much more politically-oriented than the actual facts it portrays.","PeriodicalId":414949,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cinema","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124841738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Biopic vs Biopic: Comparing Cinematic Lives 传记片与传记片:比较电影生活
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.01
A. Elduque
{"title":"Biopic vs Biopic: Comparing Cinematic Lives","authors":"A. Elduque","doi":"10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414949,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Cinema","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131446099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Van Gogh Enigma: Re-Mythifications of the Artist’s Genius in "Loving Vincent" and "At Eternity’s Gate" 梵高之谜:《爱文森特》和《在永恒之门》中艺术家天才的再神话化
Pub Date : 2021-07-15 DOI: 10.31009/CC.2021.V9.I16.06
P. A. Ruiz
Few painters have had as many films made about their lives as Vincent van Gogh. The interest in his story is due in part to the mystery surrounding his last days, in Arles, France. It is thus no coincidence that all the biopics about the Dutch painter focus on this stage of his life, including the recent works Loving Vincent (2017), an animated film by Dorota Kobiela and Hugh Welchman, and Julian Schnabel’s At Eternity’s Gate (2018). A comparative study of these two feature films, representing two different aesthetic and dramatic approaches, is conducted in pursuit of the two objectives of this paper: to identify the conventions of the subgenre of the artist biopic; and consequently, to analyze how both films reflect on the artist’s creative practice in order to determine whether the film camera is in fact capable of capturing the brushstroke and the mystique of the genius.
很少有画家像文森特·梵高(Vincent van Gogh)那样拍摄了这么多关于他们生活的电影。人们对他的故事感兴趣,部分原因是围绕着他在法国阿尔勒的最后几天的神秘。因此,所有关于这位荷兰画家的传记电影都集中在他生命的这一阶段,包括最近的作品《爱文森特》(2017),多洛塔·科比拉和休·韦尔奇曼的动画电影,以及朱利安·施纳贝尔的《永恒之门》(2018),这并非巧合。本文通过对代表两种不同美学和戏剧方法的这两部故事片进行比较研究,以达到两个目的:确定艺术家传记片亚类型的惯例;因此,分析两部电影如何反映艺术家的创作实践,以确定电影相机是否能够捕捉到天才的笔触和神秘感。
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引用次数: 0
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Comparative Cinema
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