S. Tiamiyu, O. Olaoye, O. Ashimolowo, E. Fakoya, W. G. Ojebiyi
This study assessed the benefits derived by fish farmers from Fadama II project in Lagos State by interviewing 185 fish farmers who participated in Fadama II project from 9 Fadama Community Associations (FCAs) through a multistage sampling technique. Data collected with the aid of structured interview guide were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Majority of the fish farmers were male (71.89%), Christians (53.51%), married (41.62%) and educated (89.19%). The mean level of participation indicated that fish farmers participated mostly in decision making (2.97), election of group/association executives (2.95) and attendance at group meetings (2.86). The fish farmers benefited mainly from technical support through training, technological and material supports via the project. The fish farmers greatly benefited from the provision of fingerlings (96.77%), provision of drag net (96.77%), provision of generator (94.05%), purchase of weighing machine (92.97%) and provision of pelleting machine (92.43%). Acceptance of production system for use was high for concrete tanks (69.73%), earthen pond (58.92%) and wooden tank system (50.27%). The result of Chi-square deduced that there were significant associations between the fish farmers’ level of benefit derived from Fadama II project and their level of participation in decision making (χ2=7.153, p<0.05), financial contribution (χ2=6.122, p<0.05), advisory services to other group members (χ2=10.903, p<0.01), maintenance of association equipments (χ2=10.121, p<0.01), rehabilitation or construction of local fish markets (χ2=0.003, p<0.01) and election of association executives (χ2=11.415, p<0.01). The study therefore concluded that NFDP II has not only economic benefits but also social, technological, technical and material supports on fish farming in Lagos State and recommended that development projects should employ the demand-driven, bottom-top, informal and community-driven approaches in addressing the need of the poor in rural areas. Key words: Training, social benefits, group participation, fisheries, National Fadama Development Project (NFDP II).
{"title":"Benefits derived from National Fadama Development Project II by fish farmers in Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"S. Tiamiyu, O. Olaoye, O. Ashimolowo, E. Fakoya, W. G. Ojebiyi","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0459","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the benefits derived by fish farmers from Fadama II project in Lagos State by interviewing 185 fish farmers who participated in Fadama II project from 9 Fadama Community Associations (FCAs) through a multistage sampling technique. Data collected with the aid of structured interview guide were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Chi-square. Majority of the fish farmers were male (71.89%), Christians (53.51%), married (41.62%) and educated (89.19%). The mean level of participation indicated that fish farmers participated mostly in decision making (2.97), election of group/association executives (2.95) and attendance at group meetings (2.86). The fish farmers benefited mainly from technical support through training, technological and material supports via the project. The fish farmers greatly benefited from the provision of fingerlings (96.77%), provision of drag net (96.77%), provision of generator (94.05%), purchase of weighing machine (92.97%) and provision of pelleting machine (92.43%). Acceptance of production system for use was high for concrete tanks (69.73%), earthen pond (58.92%) and wooden tank system (50.27%). The result of Chi-square deduced that there were significant associations between the fish farmers’ level of benefit derived from Fadama II project and their level of participation in decision making (χ2=7.153, p<0.05), financial contribution (χ2=6.122, p<0.05), advisory services to other group members (χ2=10.903, p<0.01), maintenance of association equipments (χ2=10.121, p<0.01), rehabilitation or construction of local fish markets (χ2=0.003, p<0.01) and election of association executives (χ2=11.415, p<0.01). The study therefore concluded that NFDP II has not only economic benefits but also social, technological, technical and material supports on fish farming in Lagos State and recommended that development projects should employ the demand-driven, bottom-top, informal and community-driven approaches in addressing the need of the poor in rural areas. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Training, social benefits, group participation, fisheries, National Fadama Development Project (NFDP II).","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121595279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Catap, Maria Rexie, R. Jiménez, Patricia B. Tumbali
{"title":"Immunostimulatory and anti-oxidative properties of corn silk from Zea mays L. in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"E. Catap, Maria Rexie, R. Jiménez, Patricia B. Tumbali","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122183936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study is aimed to provide information on the abundance of natural foods needed by Mugil cephalus in the Elechi Creek. The natural food of M. cephalus in the Elechi Creek was studied from stomach contents of the fish. The stomach contents were analyzed using two methods; the frequency of occurrence and numerical methods. Plant materials, diatoms, algae and dinoflagellates constituted its main food. Plant materials were found to be the most preferable food where it occurred in 67.0% of the examined fish. Annelids, fish larva, fish parts, insect parts and crustaceans comprised the food of animal origin. Sand/mud and organic matter occurred in about 11.0 and 73.0% of the examined stomachs respectively. These results indicate that M. cephalus is omnivorous plant materials were the most abundant food items by numerical and occurrence methods in the gut of the fish species. Key words: Algae, food items, frequency of occurrence, numerical method, stomach content.
{"title":"Food and feeding habits of Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Elechi Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"N. Jamabo, N. Maduako","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0460","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is aimed to provide information on the abundance of natural foods needed by Mugil cephalus in the Elechi Creek. The natural food of M. cephalus in the Elechi Creek was studied from stomach contents of the fish. The stomach contents were analyzed using two methods; the frequency of occurrence and numerical methods. Plant materials, diatoms, algae and dinoflagellates constituted its main food. Plant materials were found to be the most preferable food where it occurred in 67.0% of the examined fish. Annelids, fish larva, fish parts, insect parts and crustaceans comprised the food of animal origin. Sand/mud and organic matter occurred in about 11.0 and 73.0% of the examined stomachs respectively. These results indicate that M. cephalus is omnivorous plant materials were the most abundant food items by numerical and occurrence methods in the gut of the fish species. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Algae, food items, frequency of occurrence, numerical method, stomach content.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125539233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kihia Charles Maina, Hendrick Yvone, M. Agnes, Okondo Julius, Nthiga Aniel, N. Vincent
Although artisanal commercial and net fishers landings has received attention, the morphometrics of bait fisher landings is poorly documented. This is in spite of the importance of such data to infer fished stock growth and developmental status in order to reduce excessive removal of immature and highly fecund fish. This study compares fish species, size and weight, and derived fish condition, Gonadosomatic and Fishing Indices, between hook and line gear baited with polychaetes and hermit crabs, and traps baited with gastropods. Results indicate fishers land over 20 fish types with similar condition and GSI below unity and fishing index of below 20%. Variation in growth indicators was largely attributed to species specific differences, with high value apex predators, such as carangidae, having lower morphometrics than smaller bodied permanent creek and mangrove residents. Participatory effort controls through closure, alternative livelihoods, and voluntary release of immature, coupled with limiting the use of small mesh traps and hooks, may reduce harvesting of immature and lead to improvement of future landings and sustainability of the fishery. Key words: Bait, condition factor, gear, Gonadosomatic index, fishing index, immature.
{"title":"Morphometric and developmental characteristics of fish landed by artisanal bait fishers at the Mida Creek, Kenya","authors":"Kihia Charles Maina, Hendrick Yvone, M. Agnes, Okondo Julius, Nthiga Aniel, N. Vincent","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0451","url":null,"abstract":"Although artisanal commercial and net fishers landings has received attention, the morphometrics of bait fisher landings is poorly documented. This is in spite of the importance of such data to infer fished stock growth and developmental status in order to reduce excessive removal of immature and highly fecund fish. This study compares fish species, size and weight, and derived fish condition, Gonadosomatic and Fishing Indices, between hook and line gear baited with polychaetes and hermit crabs, and traps baited with gastropods. Results indicate fishers land over 20 fish types with similar condition and GSI below unity and fishing index of below 20%. Variation in growth indicators was largely attributed to species specific differences, with high value apex predators, such as carangidae, having lower morphometrics than smaller bodied permanent creek and mangrove residents. Participatory effort controls through closure, alternative livelihoods, and voluntary release of immature, coupled with limiting the use of small mesh traps and hooks, may reduce harvesting of immature and lead to improvement of future landings and sustainability of the fishery. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Bait, condition factor, gear, Gonadosomatic index, fishing index, immature.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"272 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113997883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Water pollution caused by heavy metals affects breeding and development in fishes of Harike wetland. The effects of heavy metals on fishes are related to their uptake and accumulation by the organism, resulting in metal induced disturbances in the structures and functions of various tissues and organs. Early life stage of fish development, such as oocytes maturation is very sensitive to intoxication. Samples of the fish Labeo rohita were collected from the two sites to assess the effects of the water quality and concentrations of heavy metals on the fish ovary. The histopathological changes in gonads have been studied due to exposure of different pollutants. It was concluded that incidences of gonadal abnormalities in the form of deformed oocytes, reduction in their numbers and lack of active oogenesis have been observed. From the results it is inferred that wetland is passing through an alarming situation because deformities in early stages of oocytes have been observed. It is posing a serious threat to the biodiversity existing there. It is recommended that waste water discharge from various sources should be treated to protect the fish and the public health from the menace of pollution. Key words: Wetland, Industrial pollution, toxicity, Labeo rohita, oocytes.
{"title":"Some aspects of reproductive biology on effect of heavy metal pollution on the histopathological structure of gonads in Labeo rohita (Hamilton- Buchanan) from Harike wetland, India","authors":"O. Brraich, Sulochana Jangu","doi":"10.5897/IJFA15.0469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA15.0469","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution caused by heavy metals affects breeding and development in fishes of Harike wetland. The effects of heavy metals on fishes are related to their uptake and accumulation by the organism, resulting in metal induced disturbances in the structures and functions of various tissues and organs. Early life stage of fish development, such as oocytes maturation is very sensitive to intoxication. Samples of the fish Labeo rohita were collected from the two sites to assess the effects of the water quality and concentrations of heavy metals on the fish ovary. The histopathological changes in gonads have been studied due to exposure of different pollutants. It was concluded that incidences of gonadal abnormalities in the form of deformed oocytes, reduction in their numbers and lack of active oogenesis have been observed. From the results it is inferred that wetland is passing through an alarming situation because deformities in early stages of oocytes have been observed. It is posing a serious threat to the biodiversity existing there. It is recommended that waste water discharge from various sources should be treated to protect the fish and the public health from the menace of pollution. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Wetland, Industrial pollution, toxicity, Labeo rohita, oocytes.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"65 1-2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120913757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study investigated the parasitic prevalence of freshwater shrimps (Atya gabonensis) in the lower Benue River for a period of six months (March – August, 2012) during which a total of 1000 shrimps were sampled randomly from the landing sites of the River Benue and were analyzed at the parasitology laboratory of the verterinary teaching hospital, University of Agriculture, Makurdi. The gills of shrimps had the highest parasitic prevalence of 50.36% and the intestine with the lowest parasitic prevalence of 5.40%. Shrimps were infected more with ciliates with prevalence rate of 49.37% and less infected with cestodes with prevalence rate of 6.43%. Monthly condition factor shows that in March, April, June and July there was a significant difference(P 0.05) between male and female in May and August. Correlation between weight and infection, total length and infection, weight and total length of A. gabonensis shows that correlation between weight and infection r=0.008, total length and infection r=0.007 and correlation between weight and total length r=0.853 and has a significant difference. It was observed that the number of shrimps infected with parasite was associated with sex. Key words: Atya gabonensis, condition factor, parasitic prevalence.
{"title":"Parasitic prevalence of fresh water shrimp (Atya gabonensis) in lower Benue River, Makurdi","authors":"R. G. Okayi, V O Ayuba, C. Akisani","doi":"10.5897/IJFA13.0383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA13.0383","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the parasitic prevalence of freshwater shrimps (Atya gabonensis) in the lower Benue River for a period of six months (March – August, 2012) during which a total of 1000 shrimps were sampled randomly from the landing sites of the River Benue and were analyzed at the parasitology laboratory of the verterinary teaching hospital, University of Agriculture, Makurdi. The gills of shrimps had the highest parasitic prevalence of 50.36% and the intestine with the lowest parasitic prevalence of 5.40%. Shrimps were infected more with ciliates with prevalence rate of 49.37% and less infected with cestodes with prevalence rate of 6.43%. Monthly condition factor shows that in March, April, June and July there was a significant difference(P 0.05) between male and female in May and August. Correlation between weight and infection, total length and infection, weight and total length of A. gabonensis shows that correlation between weight and infection r=0.008, total length and infection r=0.007 and correlation between weight and total length r=0.853 and has a significant difference. It was observed that the number of shrimps infected with parasite was associated with sex. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Atya gabonensis, condition factor, parasitic prevalence.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130790659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. T. Thanh, Hien L. Thuy, W. Gallardo, H. N. Thanh
Three intensive tilapia ponds were studied to determine the bacterial population during the culture period in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. Bacteria were identified to genus or species level. Total bacteria count in sediment ranged from 6.49 × 105 to 1.29 × 106 cfu g-1. In total, 11 bacterial genera and 13 species were identified from pond sediments, in which both gram-negative and gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria dominated the population accounting for 52 and 48%, respectively. Both beneficial and harmful bacteria were found in sediments, in which the harmful bacterial species dominated (62.5%) and appeared more at the beginning of culture. The harmful bacteria were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio pectenicida, Enterococcus, sp.HD31, Enterococcus sp.HD1, Vibrio damsella, Aeromonas sp.HD5, Vibrio sp. HD7, Vibrio sp.HD331, Aeromonas sp.HD361, Enterococcus sp.HD371, Vibrio sp.V31, Aeromonas hydrophyla and Pseudomonas putida. In contrast, beneficial bacteria accounted for 20.8% only of total isolates. The beneficial bacteria were Carnobacterium inhibens, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Bacillus pumilus; they appeared more in the later stage of culture period. Key words: Bacteria, Oreochromis niloticus, intensive culture pond, sediment, beneficial bacteria, harmful bacteria.
{"title":"Bacterial population in intensive tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture pond sediment in Hai Duong province, Vietnam","authors":"H. T. Thanh, Hien L. Thuy, W. Gallardo, H. N. Thanh","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0425","url":null,"abstract":"Three intensive tilapia ponds were studied to determine the bacterial population during the culture period in Hai Duong province, Vietnam. Bacteria were identified to genus or species level. Total bacteria count in sediment ranged from 6.49 × 105 to 1.29 × 106 cfu g-1. In total, 11 bacterial genera and 13 species were identified from pond sediments, in which both gram-negative and gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria dominated the population accounting for 52 and 48%, respectively. Both beneficial and harmful bacteria were found in sediments, in which the harmful bacterial species dominated (62.5%) and appeared more at the beginning of culture. The harmful bacteria were Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Vibrio pectenicida, Enterococcus, sp.HD31, Enterococcus sp.HD1, Vibrio damsella, Aeromonas sp.HD5, Vibrio sp. HD7, Vibrio sp.HD331, Aeromonas sp.HD361, Enterococcus sp.HD371, Vibrio sp.V31, Aeromonas hydrophyla and Pseudomonas putida. In contrast, beneficial bacteria accounted for 20.8% only of total isolates. The beneficial bacteria were Carnobacterium inhibens, Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Bacillus pumilus; they appeared more in the later stage of culture period. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Bacteria, Oreochromis niloticus, intensive culture pond, sediment, beneficial bacteria, harmful bacteria.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123313094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morphometric relations, feeding habits and dietary shifts of Labeobarbus intermedius in Lake Tana at gulf of Gorgora were studied during the dry season. A total of 250 fish ranging from 13.2 to 43.8 cm total length (TL) and 73.4 to 742.8 g total weight (TW) were randomly sampled from the lake. The data generated from both morphometric parameters were analyzed using SPSS (Version 20) and expressed using least square regression, and stomach content analysis was based on frequency of occurrence and volumetric contributions. The relation between TL and standard length (SL) was linear (SL = 0.802 TL - 0.164) and the relation between TL and TW as well as fork length (FL) and TW was curvilinear and significant (TW = 0.014 TL2.9; TW = 0.029 FL2.8). The results of gut content analysis revealed that about 4.4% of the sampled fish guts were empty and the remaining non empty. Detritus were the most important food item that dominates the bulk by accounting 43.12% of the total volume of the diet. Other important food items in the diet composition of the fish included insects, phytoplankton and gastropods which constituted 17.89, 14.57 and 12.02% to the bulk, respectively. The remaining groups of food items that included zooplankton, macrophyte and nematode were recorded as foods of minor importance in the diet of the fish. The result revealed that there was no visible dietary shift in the diet of L. intermedius in the lake. In conclusion, L. intermedius in Lake Tana shows an isometric growth and was found to be omnivorous in its feeding habit. Key words: Detritus, frequency of occurrence, isometric, Labeobarbus intermedius, omnivorous, volumetric composition.
{"title":"Morphometric relations, diet composition and ontogenetic dietary shift of Labeobarbus intermedius (Rppell, 1836) in Lake Tana gulf of Gorgora, Ethiopia","authors":"Flipos Engdaw","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0438","url":null,"abstract":"Morphometric relations, feeding habits and dietary shifts of Labeobarbus intermedius in Lake Tana at gulf of Gorgora were studied during the dry season. A total of 250 fish ranging from 13.2 to 43.8 cm total length (TL) and 73.4 to 742.8 g total weight (TW) were randomly sampled from the lake. The data generated from both morphometric parameters were analyzed using SPSS (Version 20) and expressed using least square regression, and stomach content analysis was based on frequency of occurrence and volumetric contributions. The relation between TL and standard length (SL) was linear (SL = 0.802 TL - 0.164) and the relation between TL and TW as well as fork length (FL) and TW was curvilinear and significant (TW = 0.014 TL2.9; TW = 0.029 FL2.8). The results of gut content analysis revealed that about 4.4% of the sampled fish guts were empty and the remaining non empty. Detritus were the most important food item that dominates the bulk by accounting 43.12% of the total volume of the diet. Other important food items in the diet composition of the fish included insects, phytoplankton and gastropods which constituted 17.89, 14.57 and 12.02% to the bulk, respectively. The remaining groups of food items that included zooplankton, macrophyte and nematode were recorded as foods of minor importance in the diet of the fish. The result revealed that there was no visible dietary shift in the diet of L. intermedius in the lake. In conclusion, L. intermedius in Lake Tana shows an isometric growth and was found to be omnivorous in its feeding habit. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Detritus, frequency of occurrence, isometric, Labeobarbus intermedius, omnivorous, volumetric composition.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129399559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Henrique, C. Leitão, Maria Fonseca de Almeida e Val
Arapaima gigas, also known as pirarucu, is endemic to the Amazon basin. There is currently considerable effort being made to cultivate this species to reduce pressure on natural populations. We characterized the diversity and genetic structure of subpopulations of wild and captive A. gigas based on 19 microsatellite loci. Captive subpopulations of A. gigas exhibited less diversity than wild individuals. We also verified the existence of outlier loci under selective pressure in both subpopulations, indicating the occurrence of local adaptation in some individuals of A. gigas. Furthermore, we identified a high-level genetic structure among the subpopulations, with no mixing between subpopulations. The lack of mixing between populations, the local adaptation, and the genetic structure indicate that these subpopulations should be managed and isolated to prevent captive individuals from escaping into the wild, which would reduce the diversity of the wild subpopulations. We suggest a program for the genetic management of captive subpopulations to avoid the random loss of genetic variability and the selection of characteristics that are undesirable for commercial and conservation purposes. Key words: Allelic diversity, osteoglossidae, conservation and management, heterezygosity, osteoglossiformes.
{"title":"Genetic relationships between captive and wild subpopulations of Arapaima gigas (Schinz, in Cuvier, 1822)","authors":"C. Henrique, C. Leitão, Maria Fonseca de Almeida e Val","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0415","url":null,"abstract":"Arapaima gigas, also known as pirarucu, is endemic to the Amazon basin. There is currently considerable effort being made to cultivate this species to reduce pressure on natural populations. We characterized the diversity and genetic structure of subpopulations of wild and captive A. gigas based on 19 microsatellite loci. Captive subpopulations of A. gigas exhibited less diversity than wild individuals. We also verified the existence of outlier loci under selective pressure in both subpopulations, indicating the occurrence of local adaptation in some individuals of A. gigas. Furthermore, we identified a high-level genetic structure among the subpopulations, with no mixing between subpopulations. The lack of mixing between populations, the local adaptation, and the genetic structure indicate that these subpopulations should be managed and isolated to prevent captive individuals from escaping into the wild, which would reduce the diversity of the wild subpopulations. We suggest a program for the genetic management of captive subpopulations to avoid the random loss of genetic variability and the selection of characteristics that are undesirable for commercial and conservation purposes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Allelic diversity, osteoglossidae, conservation and management, heterezygosity, osteoglossiformes.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134574228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study has been carried out to find out the parasites of Schizothorax niger and Labeo rohita during different months of the year 2013 to 2014. Parasites belonging to two groups viz. ciliophoran (Chilodonella) and crustacean (Argulus) were recorded from 200 fishes of Rohu (L. rohita) and S. niger collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir. These two parasites belong to Ectoparasitic group and no other parasite was recorded in the present study. The highest prevalence (60%) of infection has been recorded in ciliophorans and the lowest was in crustacean (48%). It was observed that highest parasitic prevalence (54%) was recorded during winter season (December-February) while the lowest prevalence (0%) recorded during rainy season (June-August). Cyprinid fish S. niger infested with ciliophoran had no pathogenic signs and the clinical signs were represented as increase of mucus laden masses on the surface of gills. No pathogenic signs were seen in L. rohita infested with Crustacean parasite and clinical signs were represented as gasping air, pale skin color, sluggish swimming, increase of mucus production and floating on surface often causes mortality. This is first report of protozoan parasites from fishes of Jammu and Kashmir. Key words: Ectoparasites, Protozoan, Ciliophoran, Labeo rohita, Schizothorax niger.
{"title":"Parasites of some fishes (Labeo rohita and Schizothorax niger) of Jammu and Kashmir in India","authors":"I. Tak, S. A. Dar, M. Z. Chishti, H. Kaur, G. Dar","doi":"10.5897/IJFA14.0435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJFA14.0435","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has been carried out to find out the parasites of Schizothorax niger and Labeo rohita during different months of the year 2013 to 2014. Parasites belonging to two groups viz. ciliophoran (Chilodonella) and crustacean (Argulus) were recorded from 200 fishes of Rohu (L. rohita) and S. niger collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir. These two parasites belong to Ectoparasitic group and no other parasite was recorded in the present study. The highest prevalence (60%) of infection has been recorded in ciliophorans and the lowest was in crustacean (48%). It was observed that highest parasitic prevalence (54%) was recorded during winter season (December-February) while the lowest prevalence (0%) recorded during rainy season (June-August). Cyprinid fish S. niger infested with ciliophoran had no pathogenic signs and the clinical signs were represented as increase of mucus laden masses on the surface of gills. No pathogenic signs were seen in L. rohita infested with Crustacean parasite and clinical signs were represented as gasping air, pale skin color, sluggish swimming, increase of mucus production and floating on surface often causes mortality. This is first report of protozoan parasites from fishes of Jammu and Kashmir. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Ectoparasites, Protozoan, Ciliophoran, Labeo rohita, Schizothorax niger.","PeriodicalId":415026,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134424336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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