Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_112
T. Y. Peredrienko
{"title":"Semantics of perception verbs","authors":"T. Y. Peredrienko","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129848579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_52_68
A. A. Burykin, S. Sharina
The article discusses the reconstruction of the archetype of cardinal numbers, word formation of the categories of numbers in the Tungus-Manchu languages. Based on the available data on languages, 15 categories are analyzed: cardinal, ordinal, multiples, dividing, distributive, restrictive, collective, numerals for counting days, numerals for counting animals, numerals for counting households, numerals for counting fingers, numerals for counting pairs of objects, numerals for counting places and directions, numerals for counting various objects, numerals for counting the years of an animal. It turns out that certain forms are ancient, but most of them were formed later and were characteristic only for a certain group, subgroup or one language. Word-building patterns of numerals are connected with form-changing patterns, although in a number of cases syntactic functions of derivatives change, and sometimes we can observe forms with complex morphological structure, derived not only from cardinal numerals but also from numerals of other categories.
{"title":"WORD BUILDING PATTERNS OF NUMERALS IN TUNGUS-MANCHU LANGUAGES","authors":"A. A. Burykin, S. Sharina","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_52_68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_52_68","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the reconstruction of the archetype of cardinal numbers, word formation of the categories of numbers in the Tungus-Manchu languages. Based on the available data on languages, 15 categories are analyzed: cardinal, ordinal, multiples, dividing, distributive, restrictive, collective, numerals for counting days, numerals for counting animals, numerals for counting households, numerals for counting fingers, numerals for counting pairs of objects, numerals for counting places and directions, numerals for counting various objects, numerals for counting the years of an animal. It turns out that certain forms are ancient, but most of them were formed later and were characteristic only for a certain group, subgroup or one language. Word-building patterns of numerals are connected with form-changing patterns, although in a number of cases syntactic functions of derivatives change, and sometimes we can observe forms with complex morphological structure, derived not only from cardinal numerals but also from numerals of other categories.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130230618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_169_178
T. V. Shuiskaya
The aim of the research, presented in this article, is to find out whether five-year-olds have rhotacism (distorted pronunciation of /r/, /rʲ/ phonemes) or pararhotacism (/r/, /rʲ/ replacement by another consonant). The results of this study were compared to the data obtained from the research carried out with the same subjects when they were three years old. To analyse acoustic features of both consonants /r/ and /rʲ/ the method of minimal pairs was used. The results enabled to conclude that three year-olds did not have rhotacism while 10% of five year-olds had rhoticism. It was a rolling way of pronouncing /r/ and /rʲ/. Hard trill is more difficult to pronounce than soft trill. Pararhotacism occurred in the speech of 20% of five year-olds while in three-year-olds speech it reached 80%. Unlike three-year-olds, five-year-olds did not substitute soft trill /rʲ/ with any other consonants.
本文提出的研究目的是找出五岁儿童是否有元音发音(/r/、/r/ /音素的发音扭曲)或辅音发音(/r/、/r/ /被另一个辅音取代)。这项研究的结果与同样的研究对象在他们三岁时进行的研究数据进行了比较。为了分析辅音/r/和/r/ /的声学特征，采用了最小对法。结果表明，三岁的孩子没有元音，而五岁的孩子有10%的元音。这是/r/和/r/的滚动发音。硬颤音比软颤音更难发音。五岁儿童的言语中有20%出现悖论，而三岁儿童的言语中有80%出现悖论。与三岁的孩子不同，五岁的孩子不会用任何其他辅音代替软颤音/r k /。
{"title":"Rhotacism and pararhotacism in child’s speech","authors":"T. V. Shuiskaya","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_169_178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_169_178","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research, presented in this article, is to find out whether five-year-olds have rhotacism (distorted pronunciation of /r/, /rʲ/ phonemes) or pararhotacism (/r/, /rʲ/ replacement by another consonant). The results of this study were compared to the data obtained from the research carried out with the same subjects when they were three years old. To analyse acoustic features of both consonants /r/ and /rʲ/ the method of minimal pairs was used. The results enabled to conclude that three year-olds did not have rhotacism while 10% of five year-olds had rhoticism. It was a rolling way of pronouncing /r/ and /rʲ/. Hard trill is more difficult to pronounce than soft trill. Pararhotacism occurred in the speech of 20% of five year-olds while in three-year-olds speech it reached 80%. Unlike three-year-olds, five-year-olds did not substitute soft trill /rʲ/ with any other consonants.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117097534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_179_184
T. Fedulenkova
The authors presented a comprehensive study of English paremiae used in modern popular scientific business discourse. Two approaches were applied in this multi-vector study: cognitive-discursive and pragma-communicative. The book aimed to identify the main regularities in paremiae functional range. The authors were the pioneers to argue for the need to study the popular science business discourse as a separate sub-discourse of business discourse and to prove its framing status. They also offer a new view on the status of paremia as a precedent cultural sign as a recurrent fragment of the English-language popular scientific business discourse. Another novelty was a complex of specific cognitive-discursive features of paremiae functioning in the English-language popular scientific business discourse. The authors managed to reveal paremiae main functions within the framework of their discursive usage. They also proposed the main methods of paremiological modification. Paremia was used as the main functioning element in the stratification of complex article headings in popular science business discourse. A comprehensive approach including structural principle enabled the authors to divide the paremia repertoir into two sizable groups – original paremiae and modified paremiae – and to determine the percentage for each of the two. The authors brought forward three functional types of headings with paremic elements and identified five new functions characteristic for English paremiae in the examined type of discourse: mimicry, deregulation, remodeling, catalyzing and anticipation. A number of challenging issue were addressed in the book including, first of all, paremia functions discursive convergence, their “functional synergy” which is a very significant phenomenon and an effecient tool to manage information abundace and functional density of all units of the studied discourse. The reasons for the frequent use of paremiae by communicants in various professional contexts were also discussed.
{"title":"On deconventionalization of modern English business communication [Book review: A. Yu. Bagiyan, O. I. Natkho, T. A. Shiryaeva «Wisdom of the ages in the language of business. Paremiae in the English-speaking popular scientific business discourse : cognitive-discourse aspect»]","authors":"T. Fedulenkova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_179_184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_179_184","url":null,"abstract":"The authors presented a comprehensive study of English paremiae used in modern popular scientific business discourse. Two approaches were applied in this multi-vector study: cognitive-discursive and pragma-communicative. The book aimed to identify the main regularities in paremiae functional range. The authors were the pioneers to argue for the need to study the popular science business discourse as a separate sub-discourse of business discourse and to prove its framing status. They also offer a new view on the status of paremia as a precedent cultural sign as a recurrent fragment of the English-language popular scientific business discourse. Another novelty was a complex of specific cognitive-discursive features of paremiae functioning in the English-language popular scientific business discourse. The authors managed to reveal paremiae main functions within the framework of their discursive usage. They also proposed the main methods of paremiological modification. Paremia was used as the main functioning element in the stratification of complex article headings in popular science business discourse. A comprehensive approach including structural principle enabled the authors to divide the paremia repertoir into two sizable groups – original paremiae and modified paremiae – and to determine the percentage for each of the two. The authors brought forward three functional types of headings with paremic elements and identified five new functions characteristic for English paremiae in the examined type of discourse: mimicry, deregulation, remodeling, catalyzing and anticipation. A number of challenging issue were addressed in the book including, first of all, paremia functions discursive convergence, their “functional synergy” which is a very significant phenomenon and an effecient tool to manage information abundace and functional density of all units of the studied discourse. The reasons for the frequent use of paremiae by communicants in various professional contexts were also discussed.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130159016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197
S. Shustova, Ekaterina O. Zubareva
{"title":"The concept of MIGRANT in the context of linguistic tolerance (Based on free associative experiment data)","authors":"S. Shustova, Ekaterina O. Zubareva","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122418847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34
T. V. Borisenko, S. Pitina
This article describes the notions of conceptual category, categorical and subcategorical concepts. The purpose of the work is to provide the rationale for applying the term “categorical concept”. We also offer the method for designing conceptual category structure and identifying its elements. The key role for the method is assigned to categorical concept features. To exemplify that, we performed lexicographical analysis of the categorical concept FAMILY in Russian linguaculture. We carried out the analysis using etymological, associative, definition dictionaries and dictionaries of synonyms. The study showed some peculiarities of a conceptual category structure. Particularly, it was demonstrated that not all features of subcategorical concepts correspond to the categorical concept, at the same time, some elements of a category can be assigned to different categorical groups. The analysis showed a number of concept FAMILY features: «association of people», «home», «unity», «size», «children», «belonging to someone», «strength of relationship», etc...
{"title":"SOME SPECIFIC FEATURES OF CONCEPTUAL CATEGORY ORGANIZATION (BASED ON RUSSIAN)","authors":"T. V. Borisenko, S. Pitina","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the notions of conceptual category, categorical and subcategorical concepts. The purpose of the work is to provide the rationale for applying the term “categorical concept”. We also offer the method for designing conceptual category structure and identifying its elements. The key role for the method is assigned to categorical concept features. To exemplify that, we performed lexicographical analysis of the categorical concept FAMILY in Russian linguaculture. We carried out the analysis using etymological, associative, definition dictionaries and dictionaries of synonyms. The study showed some peculiarities of a conceptual category structure. Particularly, it was demonstrated that not all features of subcategorical concepts correspond to the categorical concept, at the same time, some elements of a category can be assigned to different categorical groups. The analysis showed a number of concept FAMILY features: «association of people», «home», «unity», «size», «children», «belonging to someone», «strength of relationship», etc...","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124082917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139
Nadezhda P. Siutkina, S. Shustova
In this article, from the standpoint of functional grammar, the category of emotive causatives is analyzed, by which we mean the verbs of interpersonal interaction, realizing their meaning in the categorical situation of causation and modification of emotional interaction. In speech, we observe the interaction of categorical elements of the utterance, which actualize various categories. In this case, we observe the functioning of a categorical semantic complex - a set of semantic categories functionally united by a common intentionality. We analyze the situation of modification of the mental sphere in the object of causation, namely, the causation of emotional modification, therefore we single out the emotive-causative categorical complex. The main content of the complex is the actualization of a positive or negative modification of the emotional state of the object of causation, and it is implemented by two categorical semes: emotive seme and cause seme. The category of expressiveness interacts with the category of emotive causatives in speech, therefore, we single out the emotive-expressive-causative categorical semantic subcomplex. When implementing such a subcomplex, the causer has an effect on the object of causation in order to change its emotional state. The result of causation in the situation of emotional modification lies in the meaning of the verb - the emotive causative.
{"title":"EMOTIVE-EXPRESSIVE-CAUSATIVE SEMANTIC SUBCOMPLEX","authors":"Nadezhda P. Siutkina, S. Shustova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, from the standpoint of functional grammar, the category of emotive causatives is analyzed, by which we mean the verbs of interpersonal interaction, realizing their meaning in the categorical situation of causation and modification of emotional interaction. In speech, we observe the interaction of categorical elements of the utterance, which actualize various categories. In this case, we observe the functioning of a categorical semantic complex - a set of semantic categories functionally united by a common intentionality. We analyze the situation of modification of the mental sphere in the object of causation, namely, the causation of emotional modification, therefore we single out the emotive-causative categorical complex. The main content of the complex is the actualization of a positive or negative modification of the emotional state of the object of causation, and it is implemented by two categorical semes: emotive seme and cause seme. The category of expressiveness interacts with the category of emotive causatives in speech, therefore, we single out the emotive-expressive-causative categorical semantic subcomplex. When implementing such a subcomplex, the causer has an effect on the object of causation in order to change its emotional state. The result of causation in the situation of emotional modification lies in the meaning of the verb - the emotive causative.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116312982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74
Polina D. Dubrovskaya, K. Manerova
The relatively new comedy genre stand-up comedy is just beginning to attract the attention of researchers from different areas of linguistics. A comparative linguistic and cultural analysis of selected sketches of the Russian and German stand-up comedians is aimed to establish universal and dissimilar typological features of the genre in two linguistic cultures, identify the reception of national culture of laughter in the genre, manifested in the subject of sketches, as well as compare the use of mechanisms for creating and perceiving verbal humor (incongruity theories, hostility theories and release theories) on the material of 20 selected sketches by P. Volya and M. Mittermeier. It was discovered that certain topics that both comics involved to laugh at were similar (new trends in technical sphere, automobiles, holidays and rest) while others varied (social tension, feminism, male and female relations, financial instability).
{"title":"LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANISMS OF HUMOR CREATING IN STAND UP (ON EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN AND GERMAN)","authors":"Polina D. Dubrovskaya, K. Manerova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74","url":null,"abstract":"The relatively new comedy genre stand-up comedy is just beginning to attract the attention of researchers from different areas of linguistics. A comparative linguistic and cultural analysis of selected sketches of the Russian and German stand-up comedians is aimed to establish universal and dissimilar typological features of the genre in two linguistic cultures, identify the reception of national culture of laughter in the genre, manifested in the subject of sketches, as well as compare the use of mechanisms for creating and perceiving verbal humor (incongruity theories, hostility theories and release theories) on the material of 20 selected sketches by P. Volya and M. Mittermeier. It was discovered that certain topics that both comics involved to laugh at were similar (new trends in technical sphere, automobiles, holidays and rest) while others varied (social tension, feminism, male and female relations, financial instability).","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115372930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31
A. Varlamov
{"title":"The concept SOUL in the language and worldview of the Evenki","authors":"A. Varlamov","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115444700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130
Lie Xin, Natalya S. Starodubtseva
This study aims to identify the content and lexical patterns of slogans in the works of intangible cultural heritage masters devoted to one of the most popular topics - "Fighting the epidemic" (COVID-19). Continuous sampling method was used to select 538 slogans containing various appeals. Their analysis was performed using descriptive method, classification and systematization techniques. The study enabled to determine the frequency of the ways to raise people’s spirit during the epidemic and the particular means to fight it. Slogans containing calls on people for prevention and control, particular measure of hygiene and mode of social activity turned out the most frequent. They were followed by the appeals to unite efforts in the fight. The least frequent were slogans with political, emotional and value-culture content. All these patterns were manifested by the corresponding verbs (mostly in Imperative), nouns, adjectives and word groups.
{"title":"SLOGANS ON THE WORKS OF MASTERS OF CHINA'S INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE AS A MEANS OF COMBATING THE EPIDEMIC OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)","authors":"Lie Xin, Natalya S. Starodubtseva","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the content and lexical patterns of slogans in the works of intangible cultural heritage masters devoted to one of the most popular topics - \"Fighting the epidemic\" (COVID-19). Continuous sampling method was used to select 538 slogans containing various appeals. Their analysis was performed using descriptive method, classification and systematization techniques. The study enabled to determine the frequency of the ways to raise people’s spirit during the epidemic and the particular means to fight it. Slogans containing calls on people for prevention and control, particular measure of hygiene and mode of social activity turned out the most frequent. They were followed by the appeals to unite efforts in the fight. The least frequent were slogans with political, emotional and value-culture content. All these patterns were manifested by the corresponding verbs (mostly in Imperative), nouns, adjectives and word groups.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115120107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：