Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_112_134
Lydia A. Stanovaïa
The article examines the Old French nominal declension theory, which, despite criticism and convincing against arguments, remains a postulate of the French language history. This study aims to verify the theory based on comparison and critical analysis of arguments and facts obtained from the history of French during 200 years of empirical research. The analysis showed that the opinion about the declension reality is based on variable graphic forms with -s / without -s present in the 9–15th c. French manuscripts unreasonably identified as grammatical and treated as case forms. All deviations from the formulated by Fr. Raynouard's «s rules» are considered «errors» resulting from the progressive destruction of declension in French dialects during the 11–15th c. The illusory nature of the declension, first mentioned by Fr. Guessard and Fr. Génin, was confirmed by empirical studies of the 20–21th c. The article presents the following evidence of the absence of the Old French declension as a valid grammatical system: zero functional significance of case forms and declension in general, the absence of grammatical forms of the direct case regularly expressing the grammatical meaning of the direct case and opposed to the corresponding forms of the indirect case in language and speech, limitation and lacunarity of declension, covering a small part of nouns, adjectives, articles, etc., the absence of regular types and paradigms of declension, no clear boundaries between «declinable» and «non-declinable» names, up to 100% of «errors in declension». The variability of graphic forms with -s / without -s observed in French manuscripts is a purely graphic phenomenon associated with different scriptural standards (analogical or etymological type of graphic design of the name). The presence of manuscripts made in the same dialect zone, but differing in the type of graphic design disproves the dialect theory of declension.
{"title":"Old French nominal declension – reality or illusion?","authors":"Lydia A. Stanovaïa","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_112_134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_4_112_134","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the Old French nominal declension theory, which, despite criticism and convincing against arguments, remains a postulate of the French language history. This study aims to verify the theory based on comparison and critical analysis of arguments and facts obtained from the history of French during 200 years of empirical research. The analysis showed that the opinion about the declension reality is based on variable graphic forms with -s / without -s present in the 9–15th c. French manuscripts unreasonably identified as grammatical and treated as case forms. All deviations from the formulated by Fr. Raynouard's «s rules» are considered «errors» resulting from the progressive destruction of declension in French dialects during the 11–15th c. The illusory nature of the declension, first mentioned by Fr. Guessard and Fr. Génin, was confirmed by empirical studies of the 20–21th c. The article presents the following evidence of the absence of the Old French declension as a valid grammatical system: zero functional significance of case forms and declension in general, the absence of grammatical forms of the direct case regularly expressing the grammatical meaning of the direct case and opposed to the corresponding forms of the indirect case in language and speech, limitation and lacunarity of declension, covering a small part of nouns, adjectives, articles, etc., the absence of regular types and paradigms of declension, no clear boundaries between «declinable» and «non-declinable» names, up to 100% of «errors in declension». The variability of graphic forms with -s / without -s observed in French manuscripts is a purely graphic phenomenon associated with different scriptural standards (analogical or etymological type of graphic design of the name). The presence of manuscripts made in the same dialect zone, but differing in the type of graphic design disproves the dialect theory of declension.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116930428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_140_148
E. Malygina, Anna Ivanova
The paper examines the issue of political correct (PC) language as deeply rooted in a set of values and beliefs of the Anglo-American democratic ideology. The review of foreign and Russian-language literature enables to specify key cultural prerequisites of the PC phenomenon and shed light on the current state of the problem. We aimed to use a number of examples from academic literature to describe the factors contributing to the popularity of politically correct vocabulary in all spheres of public communication with the focus on different approaches to the euphemistic nature of PC expressions. Empirical research methods were used including targeted selection of theoretical information on the studied issue and practical language material to study the controversial issue of interpretation and rereading of canonical texts through the lens of political correctness. The conclusion was made that classical and academic literature should not be subjected to the current PC rhetoric and ideology.
{"title":"SOCIOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF POLITICAL CORRECTNESS IN ENGLISH","authors":"E. Malygina, Anna Ivanova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_140_148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_140_148","url":null,"abstract":"The paper examines the issue of political correct (PC) language as deeply rooted in a set of values and beliefs of the Anglo-American democratic ideology. The review of foreign and Russian-language literature enables to specify key cultural prerequisites of the PC phenomenon and shed light on the current state of the problem. We aimed to use a number of examples from academic literature to describe the factors contributing to the popularity of politically correct vocabulary in all spheres of public communication with the focus on different approaches to the euphemistic nature of PC expressions. Empirical research methods were used including targeted selection of theoretical information on the studied issue and practical language material to study the controversial issue of interpretation and rereading of canonical texts through the lens of political correctness. The conclusion was made that classical and academic literature should not be subjected to the current PC rhetoric and ideology.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131668293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_108
N. P. Syutkina
{"title":"Mechanisms of intensification in the categorical situation of cause of emotional modification","authors":"N. P. Syutkina","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132945692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_201
T. V. Shuiskaya, Inna S. Makarova
{"title":"Linguistic peculiarities of pitch as a means of developing critical thinking","authors":"T. V. Shuiskaya, Inna S. Makarova","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2023_9_1_201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131796002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197
S. Shustova, Ekaterina O. Zubareva
{"title":"The concept of MIGRANT in the context of linguistic tolerance (Based on free associative experiment data)","authors":"S. Shustova, Ekaterina O. Zubareva","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2022_8_4_197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122418847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34
T. V. Borisenko, S. Pitina
This article describes the notions of conceptual category, categorical and subcategorical concepts. The purpose of the work is to provide the rationale for applying the term “categorical concept”. We also offer the method for designing conceptual category structure and identifying its elements. The key role for the method is assigned to categorical concept features. To exemplify that, we performed lexicographical analysis of the categorical concept FAMILY in Russian linguaculture. We carried out the analysis using etymological, associative, definition dictionaries and dictionaries of synonyms. The study showed some peculiarities of a conceptual category structure. Particularly, it was demonstrated that not all features of subcategorical concepts correspond to the categorical concept, at the same time, some elements of a category can be assigned to different categorical groups. The analysis showed a number of concept FAMILY features: «association of people», «home», «unity», «size», «children», «belonging to someone», «strength of relationship», etc...
{"title":"SOME SPECIFIC FEATURES OF CONCEPTUAL CATEGORY ORGANIZATION (BASED ON RUSSIAN)","authors":"T. V. Borisenko, S. Pitina","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_26_34","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the notions of conceptual category, categorical and subcategorical concepts. The purpose of the work is to provide the rationale for applying the term “categorical concept”. We also offer the method for designing conceptual category structure and identifying its elements. The key role for the method is assigned to categorical concept features. To exemplify that, we performed lexicographical analysis of the categorical concept FAMILY in Russian linguaculture. We carried out the analysis using etymological, associative, definition dictionaries and dictionaries of synonyms. The study showed some peculiarities of a conceptual category structure. Particularly, it was demonstrated that not all features of subcategorical concepts correspond to the categorical concept, at the same time, some elements of a category can be assigned to different categorical groups. The analysis showed a number of concept FAMILY features: «association of people», «home», «unity», «size», «children», «belonging to someone», «strength of relationship», etc...","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124082917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139
Nadezhda P. Siutkina, S. Shustova
In this article, from the standpoint of functional grammar, the category of emotive causatives is analyzed, by which we mean the verbs of interpersonal interaction, realizing their meaning in the categorical situation of causation and modification of emotional interaction. In speech, we observe the interaction of categorical elements of the utterance, which actualize various categories. In this case, we observe the functioning of a categorical semantic complex - a set of semantic categories functionally united by a common intentionality. We analyze the situation of modification of the mental sphere in the object of causation, namely, the causation of emotional modification, therefore we single out the emotive-causative categorical complex. The main content of the complex is the actualization of a positive or negative modification of the emotional state of the object of causation, and it is implemented by two categorical semes: emotive seme and cause seme. The category of expressiveness interacts with the category of emotive causatives in speech, therefore, we single out the emotive-expressive-causative categorical semantic subcomplex. When implementing such a subcomplex, the causer has an effect on the object of causation in order to change its emotional state. The result of causation in the situation of emotional modification lies in the meaning of the verb - the emotive causative.
{"title":"EMOTIVE-EXPRESSIVE-CAUSATIVE SEMANTIC SUBCOMPLEX","authors":"Nadezhda P. Siutkina, S. Shustova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_133_139","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, from the standpoint of functional grammar, the category of emotive causatives is analyzed, by which we mean the verbs of interpersonal interaction, realizing their meaning in the categorical situation of causation and modification of emotional interaction. In speech, we observe the interaction of categorical elements of the utterance, which actualize various categories. In this case, we observe the functioning of a categorical semantic complex - a set of semantic categories functionally united by a common intentionality. We analyze the situation of modification of the mental sphere in the object of causation, namely, the causation of emotional modification, therefore we single out the emotive-causative categorical complex. The main content of the complex is the actualization of a positive or negative modification of the emotional state of the object of causation, and it is implemented by two categorical semes: emotive seme and cause seme. The category of expressiveness interacts with the category of emotive causatives in speech, therefore, we single out the emotive-expressive-causative categorical semantic subcomplex. When implementing such a subcomplex, the causer has an effect on the object of causation in order to change its emotional state. The result of causation in the situation of emotional modification lies in the meaning of the verb - the emotive causative.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116312982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74
Polina D. Dubrovskaya, K. Manerova
The relatively new comedy genre stand-up comedy is just beginning to attract the attention of researchers from different areas of linguistics. A comparative linguistic and cultural analysis of selected sketches of the Russian and German stand-up comedians is aimed to establish universal and dissimilar typological features of the genre in two linguistic cultures, identify the reception of national culture of laughter in the genre, manifested in the subject of sketches, as well as compare the use of mechanisms for creating and perceiving verbal humor (incongruity theories, hostility theories and release theories) on the material of 20 selected sketches by P. Volya and M. Mittermeier. It was discovered that certain topics that both comics involved to laugh at were similar (new trends in technical sphere, automobiles, holidays and rest) while others varied (social tension, feminism, male and female relations, financial instability).
{"title":"LINGUOCULTUROLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANISMS OF HUMOR CREATING IN STAND UP (ON EXAMPLE OF RUSSIAN AND GERMAN)","authors":"Polina D. Dubrovskaya, K. Manerova","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2019_5_4_62_74","url":null,"abstract":"The relatively new comedy genre stand-up comedy is just beginning to attract the attention of researchers from different areas of linguistics. A comparative linguistic and cultural analysis of selected sketches of the Russian and German stand-up comedians is aimed to establish universal and dissimilar typological features of the genre in two linguistic cultures, identify the reception of national culture of laughter in the genre, manifested in the subject of sketches, as well as compare the use of mechanisms for creating and perceiving verbal humor (incongruity theories, hostility theories and release theories) on the material of 20 selected sketches by P. Volya and M. Mittermeier. It was discovered that certain topics that both comics involved to laugh at were similar (new trends in technical sphere, automobiles, holidays and rest) while others varied (social tension, feminism, male and female relations, financial instability).","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115372930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31
A. Varlamov
{"title":"The concept SOUL in the language and worldview of the Evenki","authors":"A. Varlamov","doi":"10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2022_8_3_31","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115444700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130
Lie Xin, Natalya S. Starodubtseva
This study aims to identify the content and lexical patterns of slogans in the works of intangible cultural heritage masters devoted to one of the most popular topics - "Fighting the epidemic" (COVID-19). Continuous sampling method was used to select 538 slogans containing various appeals. Their analysis was performed using descriptive method, classification and systematization techniques. The study enabled to determine the frequency of the ways to raise people’s spirit during the epidemic and the particular means to fight it. Slogans containing calls on people for prevention and control, particular measure of hygiene and mode of social activity turned out the most frequent. They were followed by the appeals to unite efforts in the fight. The least frequent were slogans with political, emotional and value-culture content. All these patterns were manifested by the corresponding verbs (mostly in Imperative), nouns, adjectives and word groups.
{"title":"SLOGANS ON THE WORKS OF MASTERS OF CHINA'S INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE AS A MEANS OF COMBATING THE EPIDEMIC OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19)","authors":"Lie Xin, Natalya S. Starodubtseva","doi":"10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22250/2410-7190_2021_7_3_116_130","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify the content and lexical patterns of slogans in the works of intangible cultural heritage masters devoted to one of the most popular topics - \"Fighting the epidemic\" (COVID-19). Continuous sampling method was used to select 538 slogans containing various appeals. Their analysis was performed using descriptive method, classification and systematization techniques. The study enabled to determine the frequency of the ways to raise people’s spirit during the epidemic and the particular means to fight it. Slogans containing calls on people for prevention and control, particular measure of hygiene and mode of social activity turned out the most frequent. They were followed by the appeals to unite efforts in the fight. The least frequent were slogans with political, emotional and value-culture content. All these patterns were manifested by the corresponding verbs (mostly in Imperative), nouns, adjectives and word groups.","PeriodicalId":415120,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Linguistics","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115120107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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