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A Fast CU Size Decision Optimal Algorithm Based on Neighborhood Prediction for HEVC 基于邻域预测的HEVC快速CU大小决策优化算法
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0186
Jianhua Wang, Haozhan Wang, Fujian Xu, Jun Liu, Lianglun Cheng
High efficiency video coding (HEVC) employs quadtree coding tree unit (CTU) structure to improve its coding efficiency, but at the same time, it also requires a very high computational complexity due to its exhaustive search processes for an optimal coding unit (CU) partition. With the aim of solving the problem, a fast CU size decision optimal algorithm based on neighborhood prediction is presented for HEVC in this paper. The contribution of this paper lies in the fact that we successfully use the partition information of neighborhood CUs in different depth to quickly determine the optimal partition mode for the current CU by neighborhood prediction technology, which can save much computational complexity for HEVC with negligible RD-rate (rate-distortion rate) performance loss. Specifically, in our scheme, we use the partition information of left, up, and left-up CUs to quickly predict the optimal partition mode for the current CU by neighborhood prediction technology, as a result, our proposed algorithm can effectively solve the problem above by reducing many unnecessary prediction and partition operations for HEVC. The simulation results show that our proposed fast CU size decision algorithm based on neighborhood prediction in this paper can reduce about 19.0% coding time, and only increase 0.102% BD-rate (Bjontegaard delta rate) compared with the standard reference software of HM16.1, thus improving the coding performance of HEVC.
高效视频编码(HEVC)采用四叉树编码树单元(CTU)结构来提高编码效率,但同时由于其对最优编码单元(CU)分区的穷举搜索过程,对计算复杂度要求很高。为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种基于邻域预测的HEVC快速CU大小决策优化算法。本文的贡献在于,我们成功地利用邻域CU在不同深度的划分信息,通过邻域预测技术快速确定当前CU的最优划分模式,在可以忽略RD-rate (rate-distortion rate)性能损失的情况下,大大节省了HEVC的计算复杂度。具体来说,在我们的方案中,我们利用左、上、左上三种CU的分区信息,通过邻域预测技术快速预测当前CU的最优分区模式,从而有效地解决了上述问题,减少了HEVC的许多不必要的预测和分区操作。仿真结果表明,与标准参考软件HM16.1相比,本文提出的基于邻域预测的快速CU大小决策算法可减少约19.0%的编码时间,仅提高0.102%的BD-rate (Bjontegaard delta rate),从而提高了HEVC的编码性能。
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引用次数: 1
Resource Management in 5G Mobile Networks: Survey and Challenges 5G移动网络中的资源管理:调查与挑战
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.03.0143
Wei-Che Chien, Shih-Yun Huang, Chin-Feng Lai, H. Chao
With the rapid growth of network traffic, a large number of connected devices, and higher application services, the traditional network is facing several challenges. In addition to improving the current network architecture and hardware specifications, effective resource management means the development trend of 5G. Although many existing potential technologies have been proposed to solve the some of 5G challenges, such as multipleinput multiple-output (MIMO), software-defined networking (SDN), network functions virtualization (NFV), edge computing, millimeter-wave, etc., research studies in 5G continue to enrich its function and move toward B5G mobile networks. In this paper, focusing on the resource allocation issues of 5G core networks and radio access networks, we address the latest technological developments and discuss the current challenges for resource management in 5G.
随着网络流量的快速增长、连接设备的大量增加和应用服务的不断提高,传统网络面临着诸多挑战。除了改善现有的网络架构和硬件规格,有效的资源管理意味着5G的发展趋势。尽管已经提出了许多现有的潜在技术来解决5G的一些挑战,如多输入多输出(MIMO)、软件定义网络(SDN)、网络功能虚拟化(NFV)、边缘计算、毫米波等,但5G的研究仍在不断丰富其功能,并朝着B5G移动网络的方向发展。本文围绕5G核心网和无线接入网的资源分配问题,阐述了5G资源管理的最新技术发展,并讨论了当前面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 9
Future Trends of IoT, 5G Mobile Networks, and AI: Challenges, Opportunities, and Solutions 物联网、5G移动网络和人工智能的未来趋势:挑战、机遇和解决方案
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.03.0146
Ji Su Park, J. Park
Internet of Things (IoT) is a growing technology along with artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Recently, increasing cases of developing knowledge services using information collected from sensor data have been reported. Communication is required to connect the IoT and AI, and 5G mobile networks have been widely spread recently. IoT, AI services, and 5G mobile networks can be configured and used as sensor-mobile edge-server. The sensor does not send data directly to the server. Instead, the sensor sends data to the mobile edge for quick processing. Subsequently, mobile edge enables the immediate processing of data based on AI technology or by sending data to the server for processing. 5G mobile network technology is used for this data transmission. Therefore, this study examines the challenges, opportunities, and solutions used in each type of technology. To this end, this study addresses clustering, Hyperledger Fabric, data, security, machine vision, convolutional neural network, IoT and resource of 5G mobile networks. technology, digital evidence management model based on Hyperledger Fabric, aircraft recognition using machine vision, CNN model-based voting and ensemble system, hierarchical semantic clipping and sentence extraction, N-step sliding recursion formula, routing protocol for improving the lifetime of a wireless sensor network, fault diagnosis of wind power generator blade, variant malware detection techniques, resource management in 5G mobile networks, and application of blockchain in multiple fields of financial services. Futuristic and hot-issue topics from the academe and industries are described. The work mainly aims to provide hot and trendy research to researchers rapidly. stay point spatial clustering based technology; digital evidence management model based on Hyperledger Fabric; aircraft recognition using machine vision; CNN model-based voting and ensemble system; hierarchical semantic clipping and sentence extraction; N-step sliding recursion formula; routing protocol for improving the lifetime of a wireless sensor network; fault diagnosis of wind power generator blade; variant malware detection techniques; resource management in 5G mobile networks; application of blockchain in multiple fields of financial services, and so on.
物联网(IoT)是与人工智能(AI)技术一起发展起来的技术。最近,利用从传感器数据收集的信息开发知识服务的案例越来越多。连接物联网和人工智能需要通信,最近5G移动网络已经广泛普及。可以配置物联网、人工智能服务和5G移动网络作为传感器-移动边缘服务器。传感器不直接向服务器发送数据。相反,传感器将数据发送到移动边缘进行快速处理。随后,移动边缘可以基于AI技术或通过将数据发送到服务器进行处理来实现数据的即时处理。这种数据传输采用了5G移动网络技术。因此,本研究考察了每种技术所面临的挑战、机遇和解决方案。为此,本研究涉及聚类、Hyperledger Fabric、数据、安全、机器视觉、卷积神经网络、物联网和5G移动网络资源。技术、基于Hyperledger Fabric的数字证据管理模型、基于机器视觉的飞机识别、基于CNN模型的投票和集成系统、分层语义裁剪和句子提取、n步滑动递归公式、提高无线传感器网络寿命的路由协议、风力发电机叶片故障诊断、变体恶意软件检测技术、5G移动网络资源管理、b区块链在多个金融服务领域的应用。描述了来自学术界和工业界的未来和热点问题。本工作的主要目的是为研究者快速提供热点和潮流研究。基于停留点空间聚类技术的研究基于Hyperledger Fabric的数字证据管理模型基于机器视觉的飞机识别;基于CNN模型的投票集成系统;分层语义裁剪与句子提取;n步滑动递推公式;用于改善无线传感器网络寿命的路由协议;风力发电机叶片故障诊断变种恶意软件检测技术;5G移动网络资源管理;b区块链在金融服务多个领域的应用,等等。
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引用次数: 13
Type Drive Analysis of Urban Water Security Factors 城市水安全因素的类型驱动分析
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0180
L. Gong, Hong Wang, C. Jin, Lili Lu, Menghan Ma
In order to effectively evaluate the urban water security, the study investigates a novel system to assess factors that impact urban water security and builds an urban water poverty evaluation index system. Based on the contribution rates of Resource, Access, Capacity, Use, and Environment, the study adopts the Water Poverty Index (WPI) model to evaluate the water poverty levels of 14 cities in Gansu during 2011–2018 and uses the least variance method to evaluate water poverty space drive types. The case study results show that the water poverty space drive types of 14 cites fall into four categories. The first category is the dual factor dominant type driven by environment and resources, which includes Lanzhou, Qingyang, Jiuquan, and Jiayuguan. The second category is the three-factor dominant type driven by Access, Use, and Capability, which includes Longnan, Linxia, and Gannan. The third category is the four-factor dominant type driven by Resource, Access, Capability, and Environment, which includes Jinchang, Pingliang, Wuwei, Baiyin, and Zhangye. The fourth category is the five-factor dominant type, which includes Tianshui and Dingxi. The driven types impacting the urban water security factors reflected by the WPI and its model are clear and accurate. The divisions of the urban water security level supply a reliable theoretical and numerical basis for an urban water security early warning mechanism.
为了有效地评价城市水安全,研究了一种新的城市水安全影响因素评价体系,构建了城市水贫困评价指标体系。基于资源、可及性、容量、利用和环境的贡献率,采用水贫困指数(WPI)模型对2011-2018年甘肃省14个城市的水贫困程度进行了评价,并采用最小方差法对水贫困空间驱动类型进行了评价。案例分析结果表明,14个城市的水贫困空间驱动类型可分为4类。第一类是由环境和资源驱动的双因素主导型,包括兰州、庆阳、酒泉和嘉峪关。第二类是由准入、使用和能力驱动的三要素主导型,包括陇南、临夏和甘南。第三类是以资源、准入、能力、环境为主导的四要素主导型,包括金昌、平凉、武威、白银、张掖。第四类是五因子主导型,包括天水和定西。WPI及其模型反映的影响城市水安全因子驱动类型清晰、准确。城市水安全等级划分为建立城市水安全预警机制提供了可靠的理论和数值依据。
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引用次数: 1
A Survey of the Application of Blockchain in Multiple Fields of Financial Services b区块链在金融服务多领域应用综述
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0185
Yiran Wang, Dae-Kyoo Kim, Dongwon Jeong
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引用次数: 16
A Systematic Literature Survey of Software Metrics, Code Smells and Refactoring Techniques 软件度量、代码气味和重构技术的系统文献综述
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0184
Mansi Agnihotri, A. Chug
Software refactoring is a process to restructure an existing software code while keeping its external behavior the same. Currently, various refactoring techniques are being used to develop more readable and less complex codes by improving the non-functional attributes of software. Refactoring can further improve code maintainability by applying various techniques to the source code, which in turn preserves the behavior of code. Refactoring facilitates bug removal and extends the capabilities of the program. In this paper, an exhaustive review is conducted regarding bad smells present in source code, applications of specific refactoring methods to remove that bad smell and its effect on software quality. A total of 68 studies belonging to 32 journals, 31 conferences, and 5 other sources that were published between the years 2001 and 2019 were shortlisted. The studies were analyzed based on of bad smells identified, refactoring techniques used, and their effects on software metrics. We found that “long method”, “feature envy”, and “data class” bad smells were identified or corrected in the majority of studies. “Feature envy” smell was detected in 36.66% of the total shortlisted studies. Extract class refactoring approach was used in 38.77% of the total studies, followed by the move method and extract method techniques that were used in 34.69% and 30.61% of the total studies, respectively. The effects of refactoring on complexity and coupling metrics of software were also analyzed in the majority of studies, i.e., 29 studies each. Interestingly, the majority of selected studies (41%) used large open source datasets written in Java language instead of proprietary software. At the end, this study provides future guidelines for conducting research in the field of code refactoring.
软件重构是一个在保持其外部行为不变的情况下重构现有软件代码的过程。目前,各种重构技术被用于通过改进软件的非功能属性来开发可读性更强、复杂性更低的代码。重构可以通过对源代码应用各种技术来进一步提高代码的可维护性,这反过来又保留了代码的行为。重构有助于消除错误并扩展程序的功能。在本文中,对源代码中存在的不良气味、用于去除不良气味的特定重构方法及其对软件质量的影响进行了详尽的审查。2001年至2019年间发表的32种期刊、31个会议和5个其他来源的68项研究入围。这些研究是基于识别出的不良气味、使用的重构技术以及它们对软件度量的影响进行分析的。我们发现,在大多数研究中,“长方法”、“特征嫉妒”和“数据类”的不良气味被识别或纠正。在所有入围研究中,有36.66%的研究检测到“特征嫉妒”气味。提取类重构方法占总研究的38.77%,其次是移动方法和提取方法技术,分别占总研究的34.69%和30.61%。重构对软件复杂性和耦合度量的影响也在大多数研究中进行了分析,即各有29项研究。有趣的是,大多数选定的研究(41%)使用Java语言编写的大型开源数据集,而不是专有软件。最后,本研究为代码重构领域的研究提供了未来的指导方针。
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引用次数: 19
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Multi-Resolution Multi-Direction Filtering-Based CLBP Texture Features and Color Autocorrelogram Features 基于多分辨率多方向滤波的CLBP纹理特征和颜色自相关特征的基于内容的图像检索
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.02.0138
Hee-Hyung Bu, N. Kim, B. Yun, Sung-Ho Kim
We propose a content-based image retrieval system that uses a combination of completed local binary pattern (CLBP) and color autocorrelogram. CLBP features are extracted on a multi-resolution multi-direction filtered domain of value component. Color autocorrelogram features are extracted in two dimensions of hue and saturation components. Experiment results revealed that the proposed method yields a lot of improvement when compared with the methods that use partial features employed in the proposed method. It is also superior to the conventional CLBP, the color autocorrelogram using R, G, and B components, and the multichannel decoded local binary pattern which is one of the latest methods.
提出了一种基于内容的图像检索系统,该系统结合了完整的局部二值模式(CLBP)和颜色自相关图。在多分辨率多方向滤波的值分量域上提取CLBP特征。在色相和饱和度两个维度上提取颜色自相关图特征。实验结果表明,与使用部分特征的方法相比,该方法有很大的改进。它也优于传统的CLBP、使用R、G、B分量的颜色自相关图和最新方法之一的多通道解码局部二进制模式。
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引用次数: 2
A Study on Variant Malware Detection Techniques Using Static and Dynamic Features 基于静态和动态特征的恶意软件变体检测技术研究
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.03.0145
Jinsu Kang, Yoojae Won
The amount of malware increases exponentially every day and poses a threat to networks and operating systems. Most new malware is a variant of existing malware. It is difficult to deal with numerous malware variants since they bypass the existing signature-based malware detection method. Thus, research on automated methods of detecting and processing variant malware has been continuously conducted. This report proposes a method of extracting feature data from files and detecting malware using machine learning. Feature data were extracted from 7,000 malware and 3,000 benign files using static and dynamic malware analysis tools. A malware classification model was constructed using multiple DNN, XGBoost, and RandomForest layers and the performance was analyzed. The proposed method achieved up to 96.3% accuracy.
恶意软件的数量每天都呈指数级增长,并对网络和操作系统构成威胁。大多数新的恶意软件都是现有恶意软件的变体。由于大量的恶意软件变体绕过了现有的基于签名的恶意软件检测方法,因此难以处理。因此,对变种恶意软件的自动化检测和处理方法的研究一直在不断进行。本文提出了一种利用机器学习从文件中提取特征数据并检测恶意软件的方法。使用静态和动态恶意软件分析工具从7000个恶意软件和3000个良性文件中提取特征数据。采用多DNN、XGBoost和RandomForest层构建了恶意软件分类模型,并对其性能进行了分析。该方法的准确率高达96.3%。
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引用次数: 5
N-Step Sliding Recursion Formula of Variance and Its Implementation 方差的n步滑动递推公式及其实现
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.04.0182
Lang Yu, Gang He, Ahmad Khwaja Mutahir
The degree of dispersion of a random variable can be described by the variance, which reflects the distance of the random variable from its mean. However, the time complexity of the traditional variance calculation algorithm is O(n), which results from full calculation of all samples. When the number of samples increases or on the occasion of high speed signal processing, algorithms with O(n) time complexity will cost huge amount of time and that may results in performance degradation of the whole system. A novel multi-step recursive algorithm for variance calculation of the time-varying data series with O(1) time complexity (constant time) is proposed in this paper. Numerical simulation and experiments of the algorithm is presented and the results demonstrate that the proposed multi-step recursive algorithm can effectively decrease computing time and hence significantly improve the variance calculation efficiency for time-varying data, which demonstrates the potential value for time-consumption data analysis or high speed signal processing.
一个随机变量的离散程度可以用方差来描述,方差反映了随机变量与其均值的距离。然而,传统方差计算算法的时间复杂度为O(n),这是对所有样本进行充分计算的结果。当样本数量增加或在高速信号处理的情况下,时间复杂度为O(n)的算法将花费大量的时间,这可能会导致整个系统的性能下降。针对时间复杂度为0(1)的时变数据序列,提出了一种新的多步递推方差计算算法。对该算法进行了数值模拟和实验,结果表明,所提出的多步递推算法可以有效地减少计算时间,从而显著提高时变数据的方差计算效率,对耗时数据分析或高速信号处理具有潜在价值。
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引用次数: 3
Fast Incremental Checkpoint Based on Page-Level Rewrite Interval Prediction 基于页级重写间隔预测的快速增量检查点
Pub Date : 2020-08-01 DOI: 10.3745/JIPS.01.0058
Yulei Huang
This paper introduces page-level rewrite interval prediction (PRWIP). By recording and analyzing the memory access history at page-level, we are able to predict the future memory accesses to any pages. Leveraging this information, this paper proposes a faster incremental checkpoint design by overlapping checkpoint phase with computing phase and thus achieves higher performance. Experimental results show that our new incremental checkpoint design can achieve averagely 22% speedup over traditional incremental checkpoint and 14% over the previous state-of-the-art work.
本文介绍了页级重写间隔预测(PRWIP)。通过在页级记录和分析内存访问历史,我们能够预测对任何页的未来内存访问。利用这些信息,本文提出了一种更快的增量检查点设计,将检查点阶段与计算阶段重叠,从而获得更高的性能。实验结果表明,我们的新增量检查点设计比传统的增量检查点平均提高22%,比以前的最先进的工作平均提高14%。
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引用次数: 1
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J. Inf. Process. Syst.
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