Dan Liu, Xiaoming Liu, Jialong Du, Zhaofeng Zuo, Xiaoqing Tang, Qiang Huang, Tatsuo Arai, Yiran Hu, Han Jin
Magnetic soft continuum robots have received interest in diverse fields, because of their active steering and remote control capabilities. However, a more challenging task is the development of magnetic soft continuum robots for analyzing the mechanical properties of biological tissue during intravascular treatments. Here, we present a force-controlled soft continuum robot with a magnetic end-effector for measurement of biological mechanical properties. The magnetically driven system contains a set of Helmholtz coils and a permanent magnet. The Helmholtz coils produce an oscillating magnetic field for overcoming friction. The permanent magnet is responsible for steering and providing traction for forward motion. The force on the magnetic tip was calibrated with a soft rod with a known elasticity coefficient. Experimental results indicated that the magnetic soft continuum robot successfully achieved manipulation and stiffness measurement of biological embryos. This strategy for mechanical property analysis of biological tissue expands the opportunities for use of soft continuum robots and broadens the field of functionalization for continuum microrobots.
{"title":"A Flexible Magnetic Soft Continuum Robot for Manipulation and Measurement at Microscale","authors":"Dan Liu, Xiaoming Liu, Jialong Du, Zhaofeng Zuo, Xiaoqing Tang, Qiang Huang, Tatsuo Arai, Yiran Hu, Han Jin","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0067","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic soft continuum robots have received interest in diverse fields, because of their active steering and remote control capabilities. However, a more challenging task is the development of magnetic soft continuum robots for analyzing the mechanical properties of biological tissue during intravascular treatments. Here, we present a force-controlled soft continuum robot with a magnetic end-effector for measurement of biological mechanical properties. The magnetically driven system contains a set of Helmholtz coils and a permanent magnet. The Helmholtz coils produce an oscillating magnetic field for overcoming friction. The permanent magnet is responsible for steering and providing traction for forward motion. The force on the magnetic tip was calibrated with a soft rod with a known elasticity coefficient. Experimental results indicated that the magnetic soft continuum robot successfully achieved manipulation and stiffness measurement of biological embryos. This strategy for mechanical property analysis of biological tissue expands the opportunities for use of soft continuum robots and broadens the field of functionalization for continuum microrobots.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Important Things to Know About the Stiff Heart","authors":"Juan R. Vilaro","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136053933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The advanced heart failure cardiology practice treats a wide spectrum of patients in different stages of heart failure, including those at risk of developing heart failure syndrome; those requiring advanced heart failure therapies such as transplantation or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement; and those at the end of life, receiving palliative focused therapies such as inotropes. The timing of referral to advanced heart failure practices has been thoroughly discussed in the cardiology community. However, objective data to guide this timing are limited.
{"title":"Early is Better Than Late, but Late is Better Than Never: Referral to Advanced Heart Failure Cardiology","authors":"Alex M. Parker, Mustafa M. Ahmed","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0065","url":null,"abstract":"The advanced heart failure cardiology practice treats a wide spectrum of patients in different stages of heart failure, including those at risk of developing heart failure syndrome; those requiring advanced heart failure therapies such as transplantation or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) placement; and those at the end of life, receiving palliative focused therapies such as inotropes. The timing of referral to advanced heart failure practices has been thoroughly discussed in the cardiology community. However, objective data to guide this timing are limited.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136053921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luyao Ma, Kangting Tang, Guanyu Yang, Hong Liu, Chengxiao Xu, Yinsu Zhu, Y. Shao
Background: The study was aimed at investigating the mathematical relationship between the aortic valve and aortic root through CTA imaging-based reconstruction. Methods: We selected 121 healthy participants and analyzed the measurements of aortic root dimensions, including the sinotubular junction (SJT), ventriculo-arterial junction (VAJ), maximum sinus diameter (SD), sinus height (SH), effective height (eH) and coaptation height (cH). We also reconstructed 3-D aortic valve cusps using CTA imaging to calculate the aortic cusp surface areas. Data were collected to analyze the ratios and the correlation between aortic valve and aortic root dimensions. Results: Among healthy participants, the STJ was approximately 10% larger than the VAJ, and the SD was 1.375 times larger than the VAJ. The average eH and cH were 8.94 mm and 3.62 mm, respectively. The aortic cusp surface areas were larger in men than women. Regardless of sex, the non-coronary cusp was found to be largest, and was followed by the right coronary cusp and the left coronary cusp. Although the aortic root dimensions were also significantly larger in in men than women, the STJ to VAJ, SD to VAJ, and SH to VAJ ratios did not significantly differ by sex. The mathematical relationship between the aortic cusp surface areas and VAJ orifice area was calculated as aortic cusp surface areas Conclusions: The aortic root has specific geometric ratios. The mathematical relationship between the aortic valve and aortic root might be used to guide aortic valve repair.
{"title":"Investigation of the Mathematical Relationship between the Aortic Valve and Aortic Root: Implications for Precise Guidance in Aortic Valve Repair","authors":"Luyao Ma, Kangting Tang, Guanyu Yang, Hong Liu, Chengxiao Xu, Yinsu Zhu, Y. Shao","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study was aimed at investigating the mathematical relationship between the aortic valve and aortic root through CTA imaging-based reconstruction. Methods: We selected 121 healthy participants and analyzed the measurements of aortic root dimensions, including the sinotubular junction (SJT), ventriculo-arterial junction (VAJ), maximum sinus diameter (SD), sinus height (SH), effective height (eH) and coaptation height (cH). We also reconstructed 3-D aortic valve cusps using CTA imaging to calculate the aortic cusp surface areas. Data were collected to analyze the ratios and the correlation between aortic valve and aortic root dimensions. Results: Among healthy participants, the STJ was approximately 10% larger than the VAJ, and the SD was 1.375 times larger than the VAJ. The average eH and cH were 8.94 mm and 3.62 mm, respectively. The aortic cusp surface areas were larger in men than women. Regardless of sex, the non-coronary cusp was found to be largest, and was followed by the right coronary cusp and the left coronary cusp. Although the aortic root dimensions were also significantly larger in in men than women, the STJ to VAJ, SD to VAJ, and SH to VAJ ratios did not significantly differ by sex. The mathematical relationship between the aortic cusp surface areas and VAJ orifice area was calculated as aortic cusp surface areas Conclusions: The aortic root has specific geometric ratios. The mathematical relationship between the aortic valve and aortic root might be used to guide aortic valve repair.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67306743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Ya'qoub, Jelena Z Arnautovic, N. Faza, I. Elgendy
The number of structural heart disease interventions has greatly increased in the past decade. Moreover, interest in the sex-specific outcomes of various cardiovascular conditions and procedures has increased. In this review, we discuss the sex differences in the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients undergoing the most commonly performed structural procedures: transcatheter aortic valve replacement, transcatheter edge to edge repair of the mitral and tricuspid valve, transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, patent foramen ovale closure and left atrial appendage occlusion. We shed light on potential reasons for these differences and emphasize the importance of increasing the representation of women in randomized clinical trials, to understand these differences and support the application of these cutting-edge technologies.
{"title":"Sex Differences in Transcatheter Structural Heart Disease Interventions: How Much Do We Know?","authors":"L. Ya'qoub, Jelena Z Arnautovic, N. Faza, I. Elgendy","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0049","url":null,"abstract":"The number of structural heart disease interventions has greatly increased in the past decade. Moreover, interest in the sex-specific outcomes of various cardiovascular conditions and procedures has increased. In this review, we discuss the sex differences in the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients undergoing the most commonly performed structural procedures: transcatheter aortic valve replacement, transcatheter edge to edge repair of the mitral and tricuspid valve, transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement, patent foramen ovale closure and left atrial appendage occlusion. We shed light on potential reasons for these differences and emphasize the importance of increasing the representation of women in randomized clinical trials, to understand these differences and support the application of these cutting-edge technologies.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67307223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sun Xue, Dong Yanghong, Gu Jiaxin, Liu Wenxiu, Liu Yue
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have significant therapeutic effects on heart failure, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and primary aldosteronism. However, steroid MRA can cause hyperkalemia, deterioration of renal insufficiency, menstrual disorder and male breast development, and consequently has found limited clinical applications. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have confirmed that finerenone is a new non-steroidal MRA with high receptor affinity and selectivity, which can decrease adverse effects such as hyperkalemia and exert powerful cardioprotective effects. Herein, the structure, function, pharmacological mechanism and adverse effects of finerenone are summarized, and its cardiovascular protective effects and clinical applications are described in detail, to aid in understanding of the roles of finerenone in treating cardiovascular diseases and to explore future directions.
{"title":"Research Progress in Finerenone in Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Sun Xue, Dong Yanghong, Gu Jiaxin, Liu Wenxiu, Liu Yue","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0060","url":null,"abstract":"Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have significant therapeutic effects on heart failure, hypertension, chronic kidney disease and primary aldosteronism. However, steroid MRA can cause hyperkalemia, deterioration of renal insufficiency, menstrual disorder and male breast development, and consequently has found limited clinical applications. In recent years, basic and clinical studies have confirmed that finerenone is a new non-steroidal MRA with high receptor affinity and selectivity, which can decrease adverse effects such as hyperkalemia and exert powerful cardioprotective effects. Herein, the structure, function, pharmacological mechanism and adverse effects of finerenone are summarized, and its cardiovascular protective effects and clinical applications are described in detail, to aid in understanding of the roles of finerenone in treating cardiovascular diseases and to explore future directions.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136257262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The 34th Great Wall International Congress of Cardiology Asian Heart Society Congress 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135356411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yukun Li, Xiaodong Peng, Rong Lin, Xuesi Wang, Xinmeng Liu, Fanchao Meng, Yanfei Ruan, Rong Bai, Ribo Tang, Nian Liu
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a novel category of antitumor agents with remarkable efficacy in extending patient survival. However, clinical use of TKIs has been hindered by the major adverse effect of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recent studies have revealed that TKIs induce metabolic alterations and remodeling in cardiomyocytes, thus perturbing energy metabolism. Specifically, mitochondrial dysfunction and shifts in cardiac substrate utilization have been implicated in the mechanisms underlying TKI-induced AF. In light of these findings, this article reviews the energy metabolism-associated pathways involved in TKI-induced AF, identifies precise therapeutic targets for managing this condition, and discusses evidence that may contribute to the development of novel TKIs without cardiac adverse effects.
{"title":"Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Antitumor Therapy and Atrial Fibrillation: Potential Off-Target Effects on Mitochondrial Function and Cardiac Substrate Utilization","authors":"Yukun Li, Xiaodong Peng, Rong Lin, Xuesi Wang, Xinmeng Liu, Fanchao Meng, Yanfei Ruan, Rong Bai, Ribo Tang, Nian Liu","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0070","url":null,"abstract":"Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a novel category of antitumor agents with remarkable efficacy in extending patient survival. However, clinical use of TKIs has been hindered by the major adverse effect of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recent studies have revealed that TKIs induce metabolic alterations and remodeling in cardiomyocytes, thus perturbing energy metabolism. Specifically, mitochondrial dysfunction and shifts in cardiac substrate utilization have been implicated in the mechanisms underlying TKI-induced AF. In light of these findings, this article reviews the energy metabolism-associated pathways involved in TKI-induced AF, identifies precise therapeutic targets for managing this condition, and discusses evidence that may contribute to the development of novel TKIs without cardiac adverse effects.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135444945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinmeng Liu, Rong Lin, Xiaodong Peng, Xuesi Wang, Yukun Li, Fanchao Meng, Y. Ruan, Nian Liu
Atrial fibrillation ablation procedures have become a focus of research among electrophysiologists, with the aim of increasing success rates while minimizing complications. One major concern is phrenic nerve injury (PNI). Despite advancements in ablation strategies, equipment, and monitoring methods, the incidence of PNI during these procedures remains substantial, particularly during cryoballoon ablation, which has a reported PNI incidence of 3.5%. This review examines recent studies, to provide a comprehensive overview of PNI mechanisms, clinical features, prognosis, and methods for prevention during ablation.
{"title":"Phrenic Nerve Injury During Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: Mechanisms, Clinical Features, Prognosis, and Prevention Methods","authors":"Xinmeng Liu, Rong Lin, Xiaodong Peng, Xuesi Wang, Yukun Li, Fanchao Meng, Y. Ruan, Nian Liu","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0050","url":null,"abstract":"Atrial fibrillation ablation procedures have become a focus of research among electrophysiologists, with the aim of increasing success rates while minimizing complications. One major concern is phrenic nerve injury (PNI). Despite advancements in ablation strategies, equipment, and monitoring methods, the incidence of PNI during these procedures remains substantial, particularly during cryoballoon ablation, which has a reported PNI incidence of 3.5%. This review examines recent studies, to provide a comprehensive overview of PNI mechanisms, clinical features, prognosis, and methods for prevention during ablation.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67307278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng-fu Cao, Wei-li Teng, Yuliang Ma, Qi Li, Hong Zhao, Mingyu Lu, Jian Liu, Wei-min Wang
Objective: This study compared the long-term outcomes between rotational atherectomy (RA) for specific indications and on-label use of RA for severely calcified coronary lesions. Methods: Data for patients who underwent RA between 2015 and 2020 in a single-center registry were analyzed. The specific indication group included patients with ostial lesions, unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis, chronic total occlusions, stent ablation, angulated lesions, and cardiac dysfunction, whereas patients with none of the above-mentioned characteristics were included in the on-label group. The primary endpoint was compared between groups. Results: A total of 176 patients in the on-label group and 125 patients in the specific indication group were included. Patient clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. The incidence of complications during the procedure was higher in the specific indication group than in the on-label group (20.0% vs. 10.8%, P=0.018). No significant difference was observed in in-hospital MACCE between groups (12.5% vs 9.7%, P=0.392). During 35 (10–57) months of follow-up, MACCE occurred in 46 patients (15.3%). The incidence of MACCE was much higher in the specific indication group than the on-label group (25.6% vs 13.6%, P=0.034). Conclusions: RA for specific indications, compared with on-label use, had a higher incidence of complications during the procedure and poorer long-term clinical outcomes.
目的:本研究比较了特定适应症的旋转动脉粥样硬化切除术(RA)和标签上使用RA治疗严重钙化冠状动脉病变的长期结果。方法:对2015年至2020年单中心登记的RA患者数据进行分析。特殊适应症组包括有开口病变、无保护的左主干冠状动脉狭窄、慢性全闭塞、支架消融、成角病变和心功能不全的患者，而未标记组包括没有上述特征的患者。比较两组间的主要终点。结果:标签组176例，特殊适应症组125例。两组患者临床特征具有可比性。特定适应症组手术过程中并发症的发生率高于标签组(20.0%比10.8%，P=0.018)。两组住院MACCE比较差异无统计学意义(12.5% vs 9.7%， P=0.392)。在35(10-57)个月的随访中，46例(15.3%)患者发生MACCE。特定适应症组的MACCE发生率远高于标签组(25.6% vs 13.6%， P=0.034)。结论:与标签上使用的RA相比，用于特定适应症的RA在手术过程中有更高的并发症发生率和较差的长期临床结果。
{"title":"Long-term Clinical Outcomes of Coronary Rotational Atherectomy for Specific Indications","authors":"Cheng-fu Cao, Wei-li Teng, Yuliang Ma, Qi Li, Hong Zhao, Mingyu Lu, Jian Liu, Wei-min Wang","doi":"10.15212/cvia.2023.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15212/cvia.2023.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study compared the long-term outcomes between rotational atherectomy (RA) for specific indications and on-label use of RA for severely calcified coronary lesions. Methods: Data for patients who underwent RA between 2015 and 2020 in a single-center registry were analyzed. The specific indication group included patients with ostial lesions, unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis, chronic total occlusions, stent ablation, angulated lesions, and cardiac dysfunction, whereas patients with none of the above-mentioned characteristics were included in the on-label group. The primary endpoint was compared between groups. Results: A total of 176 patients in the on-label group and 125 patients in the specific indication group were included. Patient clinical characteristics were comparable between groups. The incidence of complications during the procedure was higher in the specific indication group than in the on-label group (20.0% vs. 10.8%, P=0.018). No significant difference was observed in in-hospital MACCE between groups (12.5% vs 9.7%, P=0.392). During 35 (10–57) months of follow-up, MACCE occurred in 46 patients (15.3%). The incidence of MACCE was much higher in the specific indication group than the on-label group (25.6% vs 13.6%, P=0.034). Conclusions: RA for specific indications, compared with on-label use, had a higher incidence of complications during the procedure and poorer long-term clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":41559,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67306140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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