Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0022
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter covers Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism and includes topics on the following subjects (A-M): Anaesthetics: Child refusing treatment, Cardiac Surgery: Candour, Dentistry: Gillick Competence, Dermatology; a right to treatment?, Diabetology: Maintaining clinical records, Elderly Care: Refusal of Treatment, Emergency Department: Knife Crime, Emergency Department: Restraint/Self-Defence, Endocrinology: Wishes/Feelings, ENT: Consent/Necessity, Family Planning: Gillick Competence, Gastroenterology: Mental Health Act, General Practice: Cultural Circumcision, General Surgery: Need for clinicians to keep up to date, Genetics: Confidentiality, Gynaecology: abortion, HIV: Confidentiality, Intensive Care: DNACPR, Interventional Radiology: Relative Risks, and Maxillofacial: Candour.
{"title":"Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism A–M","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0022","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism and includes topics on the following subjects (A-M): Anaesthetics: Child refusing treatment, Cardiac Surgery: Candour, Dentistry: Gillick Competence, Dermatology; a right to treatment?, Diabetology: Maintaining clinical records, Elderly Care: Refusal of Treatment, Emergency Department: Knife Crime, Emergency Department: Restraint/Self-Defence, Endocrinology: Wishes/Feelings, ENT: Consent/Necessity, Family Planning: Gillick Competence, Gastroenterology: Mental Health Act, General Practice: Cultural Circumcision, General Surgery: Need for clinicians to keep up to date, Genetics: Confidentiality, Gynaecology: abortion, HIV: Confidentiality, Intensive Care: DNACPR, Interventional Radiology: Relative Risks, and Maxillofacial: Candour.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132889228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0023
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter covers Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism and includes topics on the following subjects (N-V): Neurology: The clash of rights between a child and parents, Neonatal Surgery: Jehovah’s Witnesses, Neonatology: Consent, Neurosurgery: Information Governance, Neurosurgery: Innovation, Neurosurgery: Preservation of Evidence, Obstetrics: Needle Phobia, Ophthalmology: Statutory Disclosures, Paediatric Cardiology: Unlicensed Equipment, Plastics; Disclosure, Renal: Capacitous adult refusing treatment, Respiratory: Unwise Decisions, Speech: Capacity, Rheumatology: Doctrine of Double Effect, Trauma & Orthopaedics: Necessity, Urology: DOLS, Vascular Surgery: Disclosure
{"title":"Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism N–V","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0023","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers Ethico-legal issues by medical specialism and includes topics on the following subjects (N-V): Neurology: The clash of rights between a child and parents, Neonatal Surgery: Jehovah’s Witnesses, Neonatology: Consent, Neurosurgery: Information Governance, Neurosurgery: Innovation, Neurosurgery: Preservation of Evidence, Obstetrics: Needle Phobia, Ophthalmology: Statutory Disclosures, Paediatric Cardiology: Unlicensed Equipment, Plastics; Disclosure, Renal: Capacitous adult refusing treatment, Respiratory: Unwise Decisions, Speech: Capacity, Rheumatology: Doctrine of Double Effect, Trauma & Orthopaedics: Necessity, Urology: DOLS, Vascular Surgery: Disclosure","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130155620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0017
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter explores a range of legal and ethical issues involved in the doctor-patient relationship. It emphasises the need to ensure a doctor has consent before treatment. The law on the test for mental capacity and the meaning of consent is set out. Doctor’ duties to disclose risks associated with treatment are described. The legal and ethical treatment of advance directives are explained. The chapter also explains how medical professionals should treat patients who cannot consent and how a best interests assessment should be performed. It also addresses the question of when a child can give effective consent and the law regarding children who refuse treatment.
{"title":"Issues in the doctor–patient relationship","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0017","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores a range of legal and ethical issues involved in the doctor-patient relationship. It emphasises the need to ensure a doctor has consent before treatment. The law on the test for mental capacity and the meaning of consent is set out. Doctor’ duties to disclose risks associated with treatment are described. The legal and ethical treatment of advance directives are explained. The chapter also explains how medical professionals should treat patients who cannot consent and how a best interests assessment should be performed. It also addresses the question of when a child can give effective consent and the law regarding children who refuse treatment.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"1037 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126608710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0029
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter covers Human Tissue Act 2004 and includes topics on Regulation of Human Tissue, Human Tissue: Consent by Children, Human Tissue: Consent by Adults, Prohibited Activities in relation to Human Tissue, Restrictions on Donated Human Tissue, Restrictions on donations using life transplants, and Prohibition of commercial dealings in human material for transplantation.
{"title":"Human Tissue Act 2004","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0029","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers Human Tissue Act 2004 and includes topics on Regulation of Human Tissue, Human Tissue: Consent by Children, Human Tissue: Consent by Adults, Prohibited Activities in relation to Human Tissue, Restrictions on Donated Human Tissue, Restrictions on donations using life transplants, and Prohibition of commercial dealings in human material for transplantation.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"29 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123219878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0028
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter covers the Human Rights Act 1998 (European Convention on Human Rights) and includes topics on The Right to Protection from Torture, The Right to Life, Prohibition of slavery and forced labour, Right to liberty and security, Right to a Fair Trial, The Right Not to Suffer Punishment without Legal Authorisation, Right to respect for private and family life, The Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion, The Right to Freedom of Expression, The Right to Freedom of Assembly and Association, The Right to Marry, and The Right to Protection from Discrimination.
{"title":"Human Rights Act 1998 (European Convention on Human Rights)","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0028","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers the Human Rights Act 1998 (European Convention on Human Rights) and includes topics on The Right to Protection from Torture, The Right to Life, Prohibition of slavery and forced labour, Right to liberty and security, Right to a Fair Trial, The Right Not to Suffer Punishment without Legal Authorisation, Right to respect for private and family life, The Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience and Religion, The Right to Freedom of Expression, The Right to Freedom of Assembly and Association, The Right to Marry, and The Right to Protection from Discrimination.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128114950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0015
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter explores the issues around the rationing of medical resources. It considers the different ways in which restrictions are imposed on what treatments are available and the ethical basis on which these assessments are based. This includes the controversial 'quality adjusted life years' method which is used to determine a cost/benefit analysis of different treatments. The chapter also examines how rationing is consistent with broader themes of justice.
{"title":"Resource allocation","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the issues around the rationing of medical resources. It considers the different ways in which restrictions are imposed on what treatments are available and the ethical basis on which these assessments are based. This includes the controversial 'quality adjusted life years' method which is used to determine a cost/benefit analysis of different treatments. The chapter also examines how rationing is consistent with broader themes of justice.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131390541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0030
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter covers the Mental Health Act 2005 and includes topics on The Core Test for Mental Capacity, The Obligation to Assist a Person to Gain Capacity, The Best Interests Assessment when a Patient Lacks Capacity, Non-Discrimination in Best Interests Assessment, Derivation of Liberty: General Principles, Derivation of Liberty: Life-Saving Treatment, Protection for Those Wrongly Assessing Capacity Or Best Interests, Definition of a Lasting Power of Attorney, General provisions on advanced directives, Effect of an advance decision, The Effect of Advance Decisions, Things that the Mental Capacity Act cannot authorise, and Authorising of Deprivation of Liberty.
{"title":"Mental Capacity Act 2005","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0030","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers the Mental Health Act 2005 and includes topics on The Core Test for Mental Capacity, The Obligation to Assist a Person to Gain Capacity, The Best Interests Assessment when a Patient Lacks Capacity, Non-Discrimination in Best Interests Assessment, Derivation of Liberty: General Principles, Derivation of Liberty: Life-Saving Treatment, Protection for Those Wrongly Assessing Capacity Or Best Interests, Definition of a Lasting Power of Attorney, General provisions on advanced directives, Effect of an advance decision, The Effect of Advance Decisions, Things that the Mental Capacity Act cannot authorise, and Authorising of Deprivation of Liberty.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129716700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0001
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler
This chapter introduces the concept of medical ethics. It describes how the ancient Hippocratic Oath and its more modern formulations have provided a basis for ethical practice. It emphasises the importance of critical thinking, requiring reasons for acting in a particular way
{"title":"Introduction to ethics","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, R. Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces the concept of medical ethics. It describes how the ancient Hippocratic Oath and its more modern formulations have provided a basis for ethical practice. It emphasises the importance of critical thinking, requiring reasons for acting in a particular way","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133632278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0024
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, Roberta Wheeler
This chapter covers the Abortion Act 1967 and includes topics on The Regulation of Abortion and Conscientious objection to abortion.
本章涵盖1967年《堕胎法》，包括关于堕胎管理和出于良心反对堕胎的主题。
{"title":"Abortion Act 1967","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, Roberta Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0024","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter covers the Abortion Act 1967 and includes topics on The Regulation of Abortion and Conscientious objection to abortion.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124819897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0005
A. Smajdor, J. Herring, Roberta Wheeler
This chapter explores the four principles developed in the seminal book by Beauchamp and Childress. The four principles (autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance and justice) are explained and examples provided of how they operate in principle. There is a discussion of the difficulties faced when these principles appear to clash with each other.
{"title":"The four principles","authors":"A. Smajdor, J. Herring, Roberta Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659425.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the four principles developed in the seminal book by Beauchamp and Childress. The four principles (autonomy, beneficence, non-malfeasance and justice) are explained and examples provided of how they operate in principle. There is a discussion of the difficulties faced when these principles appear to clash with each other.","PeriodicalId":415921,"journal":{"name":"Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethics and Law","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114178549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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