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2016 IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV)最新文献

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Design of an autonomous surface vehicle (ASV) for swarming application 面向群体应用的自动地面车辆(ASV)设计
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778676
M. Majid, M. Arshad
Autonomous surface vehicle (ASV) is a versatile marine vehicle developed to fulfill complexity requirement of wide range offshore activities. Currently, ASVs are primarily developed based on the conventional surface vessel design in term of body structure and maneuverability capability. One of the today's ASV research interests is swarming application. The conventional ASV design has a limitation where it possesses large turning radius which is less suited for swarming purpose especially for a small area application. In this paper, a new ASV prototype is developed to accommodate swarming requirement and motion stability. Firstly, design requirements and the corresponding design methodology to achieve the aforementioned objectives are discussed. The practical aspects of the design are briefly presented and some related results from experiments related to the platform testing are presented. At the end of this paper, some future potential applications of the proposed ASV design are briefly highlighted.
自主水面航行器(ASV)是一种多用途的海上航行器,旨在满足大范围海上作业的复杂性要求。目前,asv主要是在常规水面舰艇设计的基础上发展起来的,无论是船体结构还是机动性。蜂群应用是当前ASV研究的热点之一。传统的ASV设计有一个局限性,它具有较大的转弯半径,不太适合蜂群目的,特别是小面积应用。本文开发了一种新的ASV原型,以满足群体需求和运动稳定性。首先,讨论了实现上述目标的设计要求和相应的设计方法。简要介绍了设计的实际情况,并给出了与平台测试相关的一些实验结果。在本文的最后,简要介绍了所提出的ASV设计的一些潜在应用。
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引用次数: 13
The possibility of “train type AUV” about its mobility and endurance “列车型AUV”的机动性和耐久性的可能性
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778721
Yoshinori Kuranaga, T. Maki
In recent years, many types of autonomous underwater vehicle AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) have been used in various surveys in water. Since AUV is operated and navigated autonomously without tether cable that connects its mother ship, we can save human resources in accordance with the operation, and also we have an advantage of not subject to the constraints of the mother ship with respect to the moving range. For those reasons AUV is often used in the mission of underwater mapping. In those missions, we need to choose and put suitable sensors on AUV according to observed objects. Some types of AUV, like HUGIN (shown in Figure 1 [1], Kongsberg), can partition their body into some module, and we can replace modules to replace sensors according to the mission. We can connect many modules to use many function, but the more modules we use the larger the vehicle size is, and controllability, including the turning performance is going to become worse. In this study, we propose “Train type AUV” which uses movable joints and cables and explain its possibility.
近年来,各种类型的自主水下航行器AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle)被广泛应用于各种水下调查。由于AUV是自主操作和导航的,没有与母船相连的缆绳,我们可以根据操作节省人力资源,而且在移动范围上也不受母船的约束。由于这些原因,水下航行器经常用于水下测绘任务。在这些任务中,我们需要根据观测到的物体选择并安装合适的传感器。一些类型的AUV,如HUGIN(如图1 [1],Kongsberg所示),可以将它们的身体划分成一些模块,我们可以根据任务更换模块来更换传感器。我们可以连接许多模块来使用许多功能,但是我们使用的模块越多,车辆的尺寸就越大,包括转向性能在内的可控性就会变差。在本研究中,我们提出了使用活动关节和电缆的“列车型AUV”,并说明了其可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the use of lithium sulphur batteries for a deep ocean pressure balanced AUV energy source 评估硫锂电池在深海压力平衡水下航行器能源中的应用
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778667
D. Roper, M. Furlong, Roohollah Torabi Kachoosangiy, Maciej Szczygielskiy, Ashley Cookey
Lithium sulphur batteries offer a huge potential advantage over established AUV energy sources, such as Lithium polymer or Lithium ion batteries. The high energy density and low specific gravity make them an ideal choice for pressure balanced systems which could significantly improve AUV endurance. This paper aims to evaluate the current technology readiness for deployment in the AUV industry.
与现有的水下航行器能源(如锂聚合物或锂离子电池)相比,硫锂电池具有巨大的潜在优势。高能量密度和低比重使其成为压力平衡系统的理想选择,可以显着提高AUV的续航力。本文旨在评估当前在AUV行业中部署的技术准备情况。
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引用次数: 2
Starbug X AUV: Field trials and analysis of in-situ multi-channel AUV data Starbug X AUV:现场试验和现场多通道AUV数据分析
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778651
A. Marouchos, M. Underwood, R. Babcock
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are increasingly being deployed in the study of inshore coastal marine habitats. Combined with shipboard systems, scientists are able to make in situ measurements of water column and benthic properties. In CSIRO autonomous gliders are used to collect water column data, while surface vessels are used to collect bathymetry information through the use of swath mapping, bottom grabs, and towed video systems. Although these methods have provided good data coverage for coastal and deep waters beyond 50m, there has been an increasing need for autonomous in-situ sampling in waters less than 50m. In addition, the collection of benthic and water column data has been conducted separately, and requires scientists to post-process data in lab. A new system was needed to allow for in-situ observations of both benthic habitat and water column properties in shallow waters. CSIRO has developed an AUV (Starbug X) to deliver enhanced observation capabilities of both benthic habitats and water column properties. The system is equipped with a range of built-in sensors as well as two sets of cameras allowing for the collection of multi-parameter observations. Crucially, the in-situ collection of benthic and water column data allow scientists to better relate water quality to changes in the benthic habitat. This paper discusses the development and use of a software tool that streamlines the analysis and visualization of vehicle multi-channel data stream; the STarbUg Analysis & Reporting Tool (STUART). In addition, future developments in vision based navigation, mission planning, and the integration of water column data is discussed. Finally the paper discusses how Starbug X and future STUART development fill a much needed capability gap in CSIRO's existing integrated ocean observing systems.
自主水下航行器(auv)越来越多地应用于近岸沿海海洋栖息地的研究。结合船上的系统,科学家们能够对水柱和底栖生物的特性进行现场测量。在CSIRO中,自主滑翔机用于收集水柱数据,而水面船只用于通过使用带状测绘、底部抓取和拖曳视频系统收集水深测量信息。尽管这些方法为50米以上的沿海和深水提供了良好的数据覆盖,但对50米以下水域的自主原位采样的需求越来越大。此外,底栖生物和水柱数据的收集是分开进行的,需要科学家在实验室对数据进行后处理。需要一种新的系统来允许对浅水底栖生物栖息地和水柱特性进行现场观测。CSIRO开发了一种AUV (Starbug X),以提供对底栖生物栖息地和水柱特性的增强观测能力。该系统配备了一系列内置传感器以及两组摄像机,可以收集多参数观测结果。至关重要的是,实地收集底栖动物和水柱数据使科学家能够更好地将水质与底栖动物栖息地的变化联系起来。本文讨论了一个简化车辆多通道数据流分析和可视化的软件工具的开发和使用;STarbUg分析报告工具(STUART)。此外,还讨论了基于视觉的导航、任务规划和水柱数据集成的未来发展。最后,本文讨论了Starbug X和未来STUART的发展如何填补CSIRO现有综合海洋观测系统中急需的能力空白。
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引用次数: 1
Transmitting Internet Protocol packets efficiently on underwater networks using entropy-encoder header translation 利用熵编码器报头转换在水下网络上有效传输互联网协议数据包
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778678
Toby Schneider
The Internet Protocol (IP) is ubiquitous in terrestrial and electromagnetic-carrier wireless networking. However, for very low-throughput underwater links (such as those using acoustic modems) the IP header introduces an unacceptable amount of data overhead for the small maximum transmission units available on underwater acoustic links. Nonetheless, it is becoming increasingly valuable to connect undersea deployments to the internet to provide data to researchers on shore, and facilitate remote command of deployed vehicles and sensors. This paper details a technique to reversibly translate the IPv4 header to allow IP packets to traverse acoustic links but with a header that is an order of magnitude smaller than a regular IPv4 header. In addition, this technique provides support for translating the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header to provide scalable multiplexing. This technique works by dynamically partitioning the address space into the required subnet size based on the number of communicating nodes, and applying a Huffman entropy encoder to the address values based on the probabilistic data flow amongst the nodes.
互联网协议(IP)在地面和电磁载波无线网络中无处不在。然而,对于吞吐量非常低的水下链路(例如使用声学调制解调器的链路),IP报头为水声链路上可用的最小最大传输单元引入了不可接受的数据开销。尽管如此,将海底部署与互联网连接起来,为岸上的研究人员提供数据,并促进对部署的车辆和传感器的远程指挥,正变得越来越有价值。本文详细介绍了一种可逆转换IPv4报头的技术,以允许IP数据包穿越声学链路,但其报头比常规IPv4报头小一个数量级。此外,该技术还支持转换用户数据报协议(UDP)报头,以提供可扩展的多路复用。该技术的工作原理是根据通信节点的数量动态地将地址空间划分为所需的子网大小,并根据节点之间的概率数据流对地址值应用霍夫曼熵编码器。
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引用次数: 1
ASV MAINAMI for AUV monitoring and its sea trial 用于水下航行器监测的ASV MAINAMI及其海上试验
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778687
T. Nakatani, T. Hyakudome, T. Sawa, Y. Nakano, Yoshitaka Watanabe, T. Fukuda, H. Matsumoto, Ryotaro Suga, H. Yoshida
JAMSTEC has proposed an operation of multiple AUVs using an ASV (Autonomous Surface Vehicle) to improve survey efficiency. For this purpose, an ASV “MAINAMI” with a length of 6 meters has been developed since 2013. The vehicle is equipped with an acoustic communication device and a satellite one, in order to relay information between an AUV and operators on a ship or on land. In February 2016, its sea trials were carried out at Suruga-Bay. The performance of its solo navigation was verified through the sea trial. And, the ASV succeeded in tracking of a deep-tow as a simulated curing-type AUV.
JAMSTEC提出了一种使用ASV(自动水面车辆)的多auv操作方案,以提高调查效率。为此,自2013年以来开发了一艘长度为6米的ASV“MAINAMI”。该车辆配备一个声学通信设备和一个卫星设备,以便在AUV和船上或陆地上的操作员之间传递信息。2016年2月,它在骏河湾进行了海试。通过海试验证了其单航性能。并成功实现了模拟固化型水下航行器的深拖曳跟踪。
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引用次数: 6
Underwater vehicle gesture control aided by air bubble motion observation 气泡运动观测辅助的水下航行器手势控制
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778697
Chih-Wei Lee, Rui Nian, Jenhwa Guo
This work describes the gesture control of a Biomimetic Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (BAUV) in a water flow by utilizing information derived from an onboard stereo camera, a compass, and an accelerometer. In an alternating water flow, the BAUV suffers from drag forces and consumes more energy when it advances. The relationship between air bubbles and water flow is first discussed. The air bubble is detected by the Harris corner. The relative position between air bubble and BAUV is estimated based on the calibrated stereo camera and the bubble is tracked by Lucas-Kanade method combined with the image pyramid algorithm. By integrating observation information from the motion of air bubbles, heading angles and 3-axis accelerations, the BAUV adjusts its heading angle to optimize the gesture in the water flow by gaining lift forces from the flow. Finally, the gesture control aided by the bubble motion observation in a water flow is verified by experiments. The control energy consumed by the driving motor are calculated to compare the energy used in a water flow without the gesture control.
这项工作描述了一个仿生自主水下航行器(BAUV)在水流中的手势控制,利用来自机载立体摄像机、指南针和加速度计的信息。在交变水流中,BAUV受到阻力,前进时消耗更多能量。首先讨论了气泡与水流的关系。哈里斯角检测到气泡。利用标定后的立体摄像机估计气泡与BAUV之间的相对位置,并结合图像金字塔算法对气泡进行跟踪。通过整合气泡运动、航向角度和3轴加速度的观测信息,BAUV可以调整航向角度,通过从水流中获得升力来优化水流中的姿态。最后,通过实验验证了气泡运动观测辅助的手势控制方法。计算了驱动电机所消耗的控制能量,并与没有手势控制的水流所消耗的能量进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Development of fuel cell system for long cruising lange Autonomous Underwater Vehicle 长巡航距离自主水下航行器燃料电池系统的研制
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778666
T. Hyakudome, T. Nakatani, H. Yoshida, Toshihiro Tani, Hideki Ito, Koki Sugihara
The use of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) is now widespread among the underwater observation and survey. Because AUVs are not restricted by an umbilical cable, we think that AUVs have the most suitable form to collect ocean data or work depending on subjects of survey efficiently in the same way as the sea lives with various forms. For example, form to collect ocean data while cruising in a huge range, form to collect the topography data of the seafloor and under the bottom of the sea while cruising with following seafloor, form to work such as the collection of the rock of the seafloor or the setting of the sensor on the seafloor, form to collect ocean data slowly and carefully without moving the investigation spot against the current and so on. Underwater power source is one of very important elements to operate electrically driven underwater vehicles. Because there are no energy supply places in underwater. Many research and development about the underwater power source are carried out in all over the world. When the research and development of the power source, following things need to be considered: small and light weight, put in a pressure vessel or resist against water pressure, work against low water temperature, without vibration and noise, reliability and ease of maintenance. The power source has heaviest weight with the components of the underwater vehicles. The paper reported that concepts of the body design and model experimental results show specification of fuel cell system and several experimental results.
自主水下航行器(auv)在水下观测和测量中得到了广泛的应用。由于auv不受脐带电缆的限制,我们认为auv具有最适合收集海洋数据或根据调查对象高效工作的形式,就像各种形式的海洋生物一样。例如,在大范围巡航时收集海洋数据的形式,在跟随海底巡航时收集海底和海底下的地形数据的形式,收集海底岩石或在海底设置传感器等工作的形式,缓慢而仔细地收集海洋数据的形式,而不移动调查点逆流等等。水下动力源是驱动电动水下航行器的重要组成部分之一。因为水下没有能源供应的地方。世界各国对水下动力源进行了大量的研究和开发。在研制动力源时,需要考虑以下几点:体积小、重量轻、装入压力容器或抗水压、抗低水温工作、无振动和噪音、可靠性和维修方便。在水下航行器的部件中,电源的重量最大。本文介绍了车身设计的概念和模型实验结果,展示了燃料电池系统的规格和几个实验结果。
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引用次数: 8
Underwater cable tracking control of under-actuated AUV 欠驱动AUV水下电缆跟踪控制
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778691
Caoyang Yu, Xianbo Xiang, Mingjiu Zuo, Hui Liu
In this paper, a cascaded framework including simplified cable localization method with magnetic sensing and robust tracking control algorithm is proposed in order to guide a three-degrees-of-freedom (3-DOF) under-actuated autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) to autonomously track the underwater cable. With the magnetic sensing, the cable tracking control is constructed as a straight-line path following control problem in the horizontal plane. A simplified magnetic line-of-sight (LOS) guidance is built based on the relative geometric relationship between the AUV and the cable, and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller based on the feedback linearizing technique is adopted to robustly track the desired guidance profiles, such that the under-actuated AUV exposed to constant current disturbances is able to move towards the underwater cable and then inspect its buried environment. Finally, numerical simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control system on the cable tracking and inspection.
为了引导三自由度欠驱动自主水下航行器(AUV)对水下缆索进行自主跟踪,提出了一种包含磁传感简化缆索定位方法和鲁棒跟踪控制算法的级联框架。利用磁传感,将电缆跟踪控制构造为水平面上的直线路径跟踪控制问题。基于水下机器人与水下电缆的相对几何关系,建立了简化的磁视距制导,采用基于反馈线性化技术的比例-积分-导数(PID)控制器鲁棒跟踪期望的制导轮廓,使处于恒流干扰下的欠驱动水下机器人能够向水下电缆移动并检测其埋地环境。最后,通过数值仿真验证了该控制系统对电缆跟踪检测的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Adventure-I: A mini-AUV prototype for education and research 探险- 1:用于教育和研究的迷你auv原型
Pub Date : 2016-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/AUV.2016.7778695
Hui Liu, Bohao Wang, Xianbo Xiang
In this paper, we present the “Adventure-I” mini-AUV prototype developed for educational and research tasks. The mini-AUV is simply equipped with one main propeller and two rudders, without any vertical and lateral thrusters. First, the whole structure and the main dimension of the “Adventure-I” mini-AUV is described. Second, the detailed specifications of the hardware system are illustrated, including the onboard controller, sensors and power supply. Subsequently, the control system of the mini-AUV is introduced with the surface monitoring station and the onboard control part. Finally, the experiment of straight-line path following is performed in the swimming pool and the field results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed mini-AUV prototype.
在本文中,我们介绍了为教育和研究任务而开发的“冒险- 1”迷你auv原型。迷你auv简单地配备了一个主螺旋桨和两个方向舵,没有任何垂直和横向推进器。首先,描述了“探险- 1”迷你auv的整体结构和主要尺寸。其次,给出了硬件系统的详细规格,包括板载控制器、传感器和电源。随后,介绍了小型水下航行器的控制系统,包括水面监测站和机载控制部分。最后,在游泳池中进行了直线路径跟踪实验,现场结果验证了所研制的小型水下航行器样机的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
2016 IEEE/OES Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV)
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