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On the 75th anniversary of Vladimir G. Yakhno 在弗拉基米尔·g·亚克诺诞辰75周年之际
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-373-382
I. Nuidel
This year 2022, Vladimir Grigorievich celebrated his seventy-fifth anniversary. We, his students and colleagues, sincerely congratulate him on his birthday and wish him health, fulfillment of personal and creative plans!
2022年,弗拉基米尔·格里戈里维奇庆祝了他的75周年诞辰。我们,他的学生和同事,衷心祝贺他的生日,祝他身体健康,实现个人和创造性的计划!
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引用次数: 0
Clinical aspects of nonlinear dynamics of cognitive processes: features of sensorimotor activity in patients at the clinical phase of COVID-19 认知过程非线性动力学的临床方面:COVID-19临床阶段患者感觉运动活动的特征
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-322-330
S. Polevaia, Maria E. Khalak, K. Lipatov, Natalya Zarechnova, M. Cirkova, E. Eremin, N. Bulanov
The mechanisms of retrograde or anterograde neuronal transport ensure the migration of SARS-CoV-2 viruses to motor and sensory terminals, which can provoke significant distortions in the processes of information pattern recognition and the formation of action programs. The purpose of this study is to experimentally determine the dynamic modes of the cognitive system in patients with COVID-19. Cognitive processes are displayed in the space of parameters of sensorimotor activity when solving problems of different levels of complexity on the COGNITOM WEB platform. Patients and healthy individuals are presented with the same sets of stimuli in the same functional contexts. Covid-specific modes of information processing were manifested in a sharp decrease in the speed of cognitive processes and an increase in the number of missed target events.
逆行或顺行神经元转运机制保证了SARS-CoV-2病毒向运动和感觉终端的迁移,这在信息模式识别和行动方案形成过程中会引起明显的扭曲。本研究的目的是通过实验确定COVID-19患者认知系统的动态模式。在COGNITOM WEB平台上解决不同复杂程度的问题时,认知过程在感觉运动活动的参数空间中显示出来。病人和健康人在相同的功能背景下呈现相同的刺激。特定于新冠肺炎的信息处理模式表现为认知过程速度急剧下降,目标事件缺失次数增加。
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引用次数: 0
Compartmental spiking neuron model CSNM 室状突起神经元模型
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-299-310
A. Bakhshiev, A. Demcheva
The purpose of this work is to develop a compartment spiking neuron model as an element of growing neural networks. Methods. As part of the work, the CSNM is compared with the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire model by comparing the reactions of point models to a single spike. The influence of hyperparameters of the proposed model on neuron excitation is also investigated. All the described experiments were carried out in the Simulink environment using the tools of the proposed library. Results. It was concluded that the proposed model is able to qualitatively reproduce the reaction of the point classical model, and the tuning of hyperparameters allows reproducing the following patterns of signal propagation in a biological neuron: a decrease in the maximum potential and an increase in the delay between input and output spikes with an increase in the size of the neuron or the length of the dendrite, as well as an increase in the potential with an increase in the number of active synapses. Conclusion. The proposed compartment spiking neuron model allows to describe the behavior of biological neurons at the level of pulse signal conversion. The hyperparameters of the model allow tuning the neuron responses at fixed other neuron parameters. The model can be used as a part of spiking neural networks with details at the level of compartments of neurons dendritic trees.
这项工作的目的是发展一个室突神经元模型,作为一个不断增长的神经网络的元素。方法。作为工作的一部分,通过将点模型的反应与单个尖峰进行比较,将CSNM与Leaky Integrate-and-Fire模型进行了比较。研究了模型的超参数对神经元兴奋的影响。所有描述的实验都是在Simulink环境下使用所提出的库工具进行的。结果。结果表明,所提出的模型能够定性地再现点经典模型的反应,并且超参数的调整允许在生物神经元中再现以下信号传播模式:随着神经元大小或树突长度的增加,最大电位下降,输入和输出尖峰之间的延迟增加,以及随着活跃突触数量的增加,电位增加。结论。提出的隔室尖峰神经元模型可以在脉冲信号转换水平上描述生物神经元的行为。模型的超参数允许在固定的其他神经元参数下调整神经元响应。该模型可以作为脉冲神经网络的一部分,在神经元树突状树的隔室水平上提供细节。
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引用次数: 1
Transition from ergodic to many-body localization regimes in open quantum systems in terms of the neural-network ansatz 从神经网络分析的角度看开放量子系统从遍历到多体局部化的过渡
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-268-275
I. Yusipov, E. Kozinov, Tatjana Laptyeva
The purpose of our work is to investigate asymptotic stationary states of an open disordered many-body quantum model which is characterized by an ergodic — many-body localization (MBL) phase transition. To find these states, we use the neural-network ansatz, a new method of modeling complex many-body quantum states discussed in the recent literature. Our main result is that that the ergodic phase — MBL transition is detectable in the performance of the neural network that is trained to reproduce the asymptotic states of the model. While the network is able to reproduce, with a relatively high accuracy, ergodic states, it fails to do so when the model system enter the MBL phase. We conclude that MBL features of the model translate into the cost function landscape which becomes corrugated and acquires many local minima.
本文研究了具有遍历-多体局部化相变特征的开放无序多体量子模型的渐近稳态。为了找到这些状态,我们使用神经网络分析,这是最近文献中讨论的一种模拟复杂多体量子态的新方法。我们的主要结果是,遍历相位- MBL转变在神经网络的性能中是可检测的,该神经网络被训练以再现模型的渐近状态。虽然网络能够以相对较高的精度再现遍历状态,但当模型系统进入MBL阶段时,它就不能这样做了。我们得出结论,该模型的MBL特征转化为成本函数景观,该景观变得波纹状并获得许多局部最小值。
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引用次数: 0
Bifurcation of public opinion created by social media algorithms 由社交媒体算法造成的舆论分歧
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-261-267
A. Krylov
The purpose of this work is to consider the possibility of nonlinear influence of social media algorithms to the users opinions. A social media inherent algorithm of information ranging interacts with the user inherent bias and that increases the positive feedback loop. The result of this interaction is receiving by the user the only one side of an opinion and the user looses the very possibility to receive the opposite information. The conditions for the society polarization by means of a social media are investigated. Methods. In this paper, a model of users opinions dynamics was studied. There are two types of user’s strategy was considered: strategy 1, when a user puts "like" on information with proximity to his own view, but differed in any direction; strategy 2, when a user puts "like" on information along his own view, but more strict. Results. It was shown that for strategy 1 the society comes to a consensus, but for strategy 2 the society polarizes to the two opposite views. Considering the mixed society, where both strategies are used, it was found that the bifurcation to the society polarization appears when there are more than 40% of people using strategy 2. Conclusion. The inherent algorithms of social media, which are created to adapt in coming information to the user’s interests, creates or amplifies the bias of the user’s opinion and locks the user in an information chamber of only one type. That effect is substantially created by the social media algorithm itself. Thus interaction of users within a social media may increase the polarization of a society more than if they would communicate offline.
本研究的目的是考虑社交媒体算法对用户意见产生非线性影响的可能性。社交媒体固有的信息测距算法与用户固有的偏见相互作用,从而增加了正反馈循环。这种互动的结果是用户只接收到观点的一面,而用户失去了接收相反信息的可能性。研究了社会媒体造成社会两极分化的条件。方法。本文研究了用户意见动态模型。这里考虑了两种类型的用户策略:策略1,当用户对与自己观点相近但方向不同的信息点赞时;策略二,当用户对信息按自己的观点点赞时,但更严格。结果。结果表明,对于策略1,社会达成了共识,而对于策略2,社会两极分化为两种相反的观点。考虑到混合社会,当两种策略都被使用时,我们发现当超过40%的人使用策略2时,社会两极分化就出现了。结论。社交媒体的固有算法是为了适应用户的兴趣而创建的,它创造或放大了用户意见的偏见,并将用户锁定在只有一种类型的信息室中。这种影响基本上是由社交媒体算法本身造成的。因此,用户在社交媒体上的互动可能比他们在线下交流更能增加社会的两极分化。
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引用次数: 0
About methodology of cognitive systems research 关于认知系统研究的方法论
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-3-257-260
V. Yakhno, Sergej Parin
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of solutions of nonlinear functional differential equation of parabolic type 抛物型非线性泛函微分方程解的动力学
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-2-132-151
A. Kornuta, V. Lukianenko
Purpose of this work is to study the initial-boundary value problem for a parabolic functional-differential equation in an annular region, which describes the dynamics of phase modulation of a light wave passing through a thin layer of a nonlinear Kerr-type medium in an optical system with a feedback loop, with a rotation transformation (corresponds the involution operator) and the Neumann conditions on the boundary in the class of periodic functions. A more detailed study is made of spatially inhomogeneous stationary solutions bifurcating from a spatially homogeneous stationary solution as a result of a bifurcation of the “fork” type and time-periodic solutions of the “traveling wave” type. Methods. To represent the original equation in the form of nonlinear integral equations, the Green’s function is used. The method of central manifolds is used to prove the theorem on the existence of solutions of the indicated equation in a neighborhood of the bifurcation parameter and to study their asymptotic form. Numerical modeling of spatially inhomogeneous solutions and traveling waves was carried out using the Galerkin method. Results. Integral representations of the considered problem are obtained depending on the form of the linearized operator. Using the method of central manifolds, a theorem on the existence and asymptotic form of solutions of the initial-boundary value problem for a functional-differential equation of parabolic type with an involution operator on an annulus is proved. As a result of numerical modeling based on Galerkin approximations, in the problem under consideration, approximate spatially inhomogeneous stationary solutions and time-periodic solutions of the traveling wave type are constructed. Conclusion. The proposed scheme is applicable not only to involutive rotation operators and Neumann conditions on the boundary of the ring, but also to other boundary conditions and circular domains. The representation of the initial-boundary value problem in the form of nonlinear integral equations of the second kind allows one to more simply find the coefficients of asymptotic expansions, prove existence and uniqueness theorems, and also use a different number of expansion coefficients of the nonlinear component in the right-hand side of the original equation in the neighborhood of the selected solution (for example, stationary). Visualization of the numerical solution confirms the theoretical calculations and shows the possibility of forming complex phase structures.
本文的目的是研究环形区域中抛物型泛函微分方程的初边值问题,该问题描述了具有反馈环的光学系统中光波通过非线性kerr型介质薄层时的相位调制动力学,该方程具有周期函数类的旋转变换(对应对合算子)和边界上的Neumann条件。更详细地研究了空间非齐次平稳解由于“叉”型分岔和“行波”型时周期解的分岔而从空间均匀平稳解分岔的问题。方法。为了将原方程表示为非线性积分方程,采用格林函数。利用中心流形的方法,证明了所指示方程在分岔参数的邻域内解的存在性定理,并研究了其渐近形式。采用伽辽金方法对空间非齐次解和行波进行了数值模拟。结果。所考虑的问题的积分表示取决于线性化算子的形式。利用中心流形的方法,证明了环上带对合算子的抛物型泛函微分方程初边值问题解的存在性和渐近形式定理。基于伽辽金近似的数值模拟,构造了该问题的空间非齐次平稳近似解和行波型时间周期近似解。结论。该格式不仅适用于环边界上的对合旋转算子和Neumann条件,而且适用于其他边界条件和圆域。用第二类非线性积分方程的形式表示初边值问题,可以更简单地求出渐近展开的系数,证明存在唯一性定理,也可以在所选解的邻域内(例如,平稳)使用原方程右侧非线性分量的不同数量的展开系数。数值解的可视化结果证实了理论计算结果,显示了形成复杂相结构的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
John Horton Conway 约翰·霍顿·康威
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-2-129-131
I. Sysoev
I do have a big ego! As I often say, modesty is my only vice. If I weren’t so modest, I’d be perfect. J. H. Conway
我确实很自负!正如我常说的,谦虚是我唯一的缺点。如果我不那么谦虚,我就完美了。j·h·康威
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引用次数: 0
Multielectrode registration of episodic discharges generated by weakly electric fishes 弱电鱼类偶发性放电的多电极登记
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-2-239-252
V. Olshanskiy, Dmitry Zlenko, Andrey A Orlov, A. Kasumyan, P. Moller, Eoin MacMahon, Wei Xue
Purpose of this study introduces a multielectrode array (MEA) registration system in order to generate electric field images of the episodic discharges generated by weakly electric fish. A multielectrode registration system has several important features: the design of the multielectrode lattice, the amplifier circuit, the choice of reference points for differential measurements, the recovery of the absolute values of the electric field potentials, and the application of principal components analysis. Methods. There are several advantages of our MEA registration as compared with the traditional twoelectrode registration: (a) the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly increased, (b) it is possible to construct the spatial distribution of the electric field for a single electric discharge, (c) the signals’ sources can be easily separated and identified, and (d) quantitative data on the electrical potential distribution can be obtained throughout the entire experimental tank. Results. The results illustrate an example of applied MEA registration. Electric discharges were recorded from a weakly electric catfish, Clarias gariepinus, using an array of 8 x 8 electrodes at a sampling rate of 20 kHz. Data show oscillograms and two-dimensional plots of the spatial distribution of the electrical field.
摘要介绍了一种多电极阵列(MEA)配准系统,用于生成弱电鱼偶发放电的电场图像。一个多电极配准系统有几个重要的特点:多电极晶格的设计、放大电路、差分测量参考点的选择、电场电位绝对值的恢复以及主成分分析的应用。方法。与传统的双电极配准相比,我们的MEA配准有以下几个优点:(a)显著提高了信噪比;(b)可以构建单次放电的电场空间分布;(c)信号源可以容易地分离和识别;(d)可以获得整个实验槽内电位分布的定量数据。结果。结果说明了应用MEA配准的一个示例。使用8 × 8电极阵列,采样率为20khz,记录了弱电鲶鱼Clarias gariepinus的放电情况。数据显示了电场空间分布的示波器图和二维图。
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引用次数: 2
Nonlinear amplification of the magnetic induction signal in a magnetomodulation sensor with an amorphous ferromagnetic core 非晶铁磁磁芯磁调制传感器中磁感应信号的非线性放大
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.18500/0869-6632-2022-30-2-233-238
O. Sokol-Kutylovskii
The purpose of this work is to show the possibility of using a magnetic field-controlled nonlinearity of the amplitude change in an oscillatory LC-circuit containing a core made of an amorphous ferromagnetic alloy with compensated longitudinal magnetostriction, which makes it possible to obtain a high conversion coefficient of weak magnetic field sensors operating at room temperature. Methods. A practical method for constructing magnetomodulation sensors of magnetic induction with a fixed magnetic displacement field, which corresponds to the maximum steepness of the nonlinear characteristic of an oscillatory circuit with an amorphous ferromagnetic core in the region of autoparametric resonance, is considered. Results. It has been shown that the stable conversion factor of a 35 mm long sensor based on an oscillatory circuit with autoparametric amplification at a modulation frequency of 256 kHz can reach 10 mV/nT, which allows, with the available element base, to record signals of a weak alternating magnetic field with an amplitude of 0.03 pT/Hz1/2 in the frequency range 10...1000 Hz. It is noted that the excitation of the sensor by a weak harmonic magnetic field of a high frequency and the constant presence of the amorphous ferromagnetic core near the state of technical saturation significantly reduces the level of intrinsic magnetic noise of the magnetomodulation sensor. Conclusion. Magnetomodulation sensors with autoparametric amplification of the magnetic induction signal can find application in geophysics, magnetobiology and biomedicine.
这项工作的目的是展示在振荡lc电路中使用磁场控制振幅变化非线性的可能性,该电路包含一个由非晶铁磁合金制成的具有补偿纵向磁致伸缩的磁芯,这使得在室温下工作的弱磁场传感器有可能获得高转换系数。方法。考虑了一种构造具有固定磁位移场的磁感应磁调制传感器的实用方法,该方法对应于具有非晶铁磁磁芯的振荡电路在自参数共振区域的非线性特性的最大陡度。结果。研究表明,在256 kHz调制频率下,采用自参数放大振荡电路的35 mm长传感器的稳定转换因子可达10 mV/nT,在可用的元件基下,可记录振幅为0.03 pT/Hz1/2的弱交变磁场信号,频率范围为10…1000赫兹。我们注意到,高频弱谐波磁场对传感器的激励和技术饱和状态附近的非晶铁磁铁芯的持续存在显著降低了磁调制传感器的本征磁噪声水平。结论。对磁感应信号进行自参数放大的磁调制传感器在地球物理、磁生物学和生物医学等领域有着广泛的应用。
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引用次数: 2
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Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedeniy-Prikladnaya Nelineynaya Dinamika
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