Pub Date : 2017-03-02DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893426
H. Naeem, Ahmad Mahmood
This paper describes the modeling and controlling of longitudinal vehicle model. State space averaging is used to get the nominal model of vehicle, while bond graph methodology is adopted to model the actuator dynamics of the vehicle. Robust control theory is applied to modify the nominal model to standard format used for parametric and multiplicative input uncertainties. H∞ control technique is adopted to control the states of the model in the presence of uncertainties and disturbance. Concept of servo mechanism is used to check velocity-tracking performance, while μ analysis is performed on the controlled model to check the robust stability and robust performance of the model.
{"title":"Robust and optimal control of longitudinal dynamics of automotive vehicle","authors":"H. Naeem, Ahmad Mahmood","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893426","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the modeling and controlling of longitudinal vehicle model. State space averaging is used to get the nominal model of vehicle, while bond graph methodology is adopted to model the actuator dynamics of the vehicle. Robust control theory is applied to modify the nominal model to standard format used for parametric and multiplicative input uncertainties. H∞ control technique is adopted to control the states of the model in the presence of uncertainties and disturbance. Concept of servo mechanism is used to check velocity-tracking performance, while μ analysis is performed on the controlled model to check the robust stability and robust performance of the model.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132054529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-02DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893430
M. Rafiq, Chengrong Li, Y. Lv, Kai Yi, Shafqat Hussnain
Nanofluids were developed by suspending conductive nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to improve the dielectric properties of transformer oil. The AC and lightening impulse breakdown voltages were measured for prepared samples in accordance to IEC standards. The results menifested that the addition of conductive nanoparticles (NPs) to the mineral oil can improve the mean AC breakdown performance 1.16 times of that for carrier oil approximately. Additionally, for nanofluids, the mean lightning impulse breakdown voltages were also enhanced than that of base transformer oil and were 1.36 times in comparison to host oil. A possible mechanism of conductive nanoparticles was also used to describe the difference among the performance of nanofluids and base oil.
{"title":"Preparation and study of breakdown features of transformer oil based magnetic nanofluids","authors":"M. Rafiq, Chengrong Li, Y. Lv, Kai Yi, Shafqat Hussnain","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893430","url":null,"abstract":"Nanofluids were developed by suspending conductive nanoparticles (Fe3O4) to improve the dielectric properties of transformer oil. The AC and lightening impulse breakdown voltages were measured for prepared samples in accordance to IEC standards. The results menifested that the addition of conductive nanoparticles (NPs) to the mineral oil can improve the mean AC breakdown performance 1.16 times of that for carrier oil approximately. Additionally, for nanofluids, the mean lightning impulse breakdown voltages were also enhanced than that of base transformer oil and were 1.36 times in comparison to host oil. A possible mechanism of conductive nanoparticles was also used to describe the difference among the performance of nanofluids and base oil.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129488185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-02DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893442
Jameel Ahmad, Waseem Iqbal, Muhammad Asim Butt
Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is computationally an efficient algorithm that transforms a function in time domain to function in frequency domain. All 3G and 4G wireless technologies use OFDM and FFT is an integral block of transceiver loop. In this paper three FFT architectures are designed that fall within the Cooley-Tukey class of algorithms. These FFT designs are targeted for OFDM applications especially in future generations of Software Defined Radio (SDR) systems. The FFT is performed on 64-point complex valued input samples with 16-bit precision. Each core is optimized for a combination of area, power, and speed. The design is targeted for a partially reconfigurable FPGA platform such as Xilinx Virtex-4 or above. The FFT cores have been simulated in Model Sim and synthesized using Xilinx ISE software. The cores can be readily downloaded on to target FPGA board to check for run time configurability. The performance evaluation of these cores show that they run at clock frequency of about 80MHz.
{"title":"Implementation and performance evaluation of three reconfigurable FFT cores for application in software defined radio system","authors":"Jameel Ahmad, Waseem Iqbal, Muhammad Asim Butt","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893442","url":null,"abstract":"Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is computationally an efficient algorithm that transforms a function in time domain to function in frequency domain. All 3G and 4G wireless technologies use OFDM and FFT is an integral block of transceiver loop. In this paper three FFT architectures are designed that fall within the Cooley-Tukey class of algorithms. These FFT designs are targeted for OFDM applications especially in future generations of Software Defined Radio (SDR) systems. The FFT is performed on 64-point complex valued input samples with 16-bit precision. Each core is optimized for a combination of area, power, and speed. The design is targeted for a partially reconfigurable FPGA platform such as Xilinx Virtex-4 or above. The FFT cores have been simulated in Model Sim and synthesized using Xilinx ISE software. The cores can be readily downloaded on to target FPGA board to check for run time configurability. The performance evaluation of these cores show that they run at clock frequency of about 80MHz.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"20 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113978820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-02DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893440
H. M. Ashraf, G. Abbas, Usman Ali, Saif ur Rehman
The importance of Conventional Current Transformer (CCT) for the monitoring and protection in power systems is not ignorable. Although there has been an extensive use of CCT for a long time but a lot of problems and issues such as inrush current, saturation, current transformer ratios, etc. faced by CCT make its use quite limited. Issues arising in CCTs have pulled the attraction of researchers and protection engineers towards a new instrument technology based on Opto-Electromagnetics. An Optical Current Transformer (OCT) model based on the simulation has been proposed here which follows the Faraday's law of Electromagnetics. The use of OCT will resolve almost all issues that were being faced by CCTs. So this new designed model of OCT can replace easily the CCTs for both the protection and metering purposes. This simulation model of OCT using operational amplifiers is being proposed here just to motivate the protection and design engineers especially in Pakistan to adopt the new technology of OCT for the measurement of current in place of CCT. In addition to resolving all issues related to CCT, OCT will also make the power quality better. Three types of outputs can be obtained from an OCT which are: low energy analog output (LEA), high energy analog output (HEA) and digital output. Due to sampling rate limitations involved, a digital output is hard to use to avail the wider bandwidth option. To use all the benefits of an OCT, a low energy output signal will be used here for the simulation requirement here. After the required OCT model development, simulation results will be included to prove that CCT can be replaced by the OCT.
{"title":"Modeling and simulation of optical current transformer using operational amplifiers","authors":"H. M. Ashraf, G. Abbas, Usman Ali, Saif ur Rehman","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893440","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of Conventional Current Transformer (CCT) for the monitoring and protection in power systems is not ignorable. Although there has been an extensive use of CCT for a long time but a lot of problems and issues such as inrush current, saturation, current transformer ratios, etc. faced by CCT make its use quite limited. Issues arising in CCTs have pulled the attraction of researchers and protection engineers towards a new instrument technology based on Opto-Electromagnetics. An Optical Current Transformer (OCT) model based on the simulation has been proposed here which follows the Faraday's law of Electromagnetics. The use of OCT will resolve almost all issues that were being faced by CCTs. So this new designed model of OCT can replace easily the CCTs for both the protection and metering purposes. This simulation model of OCT using operational amplifiers is being proposed here just to motivate the protection and design engineers especially in Pakistan to adopt the new technology of OCT for the measurement of current in place of CCT. In addition to resolving all issues related to CCT, OCT will also make the power quality better. Three types of outputs can be obtained from an OCT which are: low energy analog output (LEA), high energy analog output (HEA) and digital output. Due to sampling rate limitations involved, a digital output is hard to use to avail the wider bandwidth option. To use all the benefits of an OCT, a low energy output signal will be used here for the simulation requirement here. After the required OCT model development, simulation results will be included to prove that CCT can be replaced by the OCT.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134520803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-02DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893432
W. Ul Hassan, A. Mahmood
In recent past, the research about control methods for complex machines and robots have been developed rapidly. In this study, we present a method for modeling and control of cricket bowling action. The main objective is to establish a non-linear model of cricket bowling arm in SimMechanics and implementation of optimal control based for different bowling actions. This modeling framework mimics the bowling actions of an any bowler with specific parameters and analysis its strength and weakness. We obtained a state space model of bowling action from linearization through SimMechanics and then subjected it to linear quadratic regulator for control feedback. The results of simulation show physical dynamics of actual cricket bowling action and it also realizes stability control of velocity and displacement curve. These results demonstrate the applicability of this modeling and control framework for further analysis and study of individual bowling actions.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling and optimal control of cricket bowling action based on SimMechanics in Matlab","authors":"W. Ul Hassan, A. Mahmood","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893432","url":null,"abstract":"In recent past, the research about control methods for complex machines and robots have been developed rapidly. In this study, we present a method for modeling and control of cricket bowling action. The main objective is to establish a non-linear model of cricket bowling arm in SimMechanics and implementation of optimal control based for different bowling actions. This modeling framework mimics the bowling actions of an any bowler with specific parameters and analysis its strength and weakness. We obtained a state space model of bowling action from linearization through SimMechanics and then subjected it to linear quadratic regulator for control feedback. The results of simulation show physical dynamics of actual cricket bowling action and it also realizes stability control of velocity and displacement curve. These results demonstrate the applicability of this modeling and control framework for further analysis and study of individual bowling actions.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133577297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893438
Shayan Tariq Jan, Akif Zia Khan, Abdul Kashif Janjua, Z. Ahmad, N. Iqbal
The increase in solar system installation worldwide has forced engineers to improve the overall efficiency of the system. The system consists of a power conditioning unit mostly which compromises of converters and filters in addition to panels themselves. The paper presents the simulations and discussions upon the improvement of hard switching using GaN transistors with various loads and frequencies at 100v, ignoring the conduction losses.
{"title":"A study on GaN based converters for the application of power conditioning of photovoltaic systems","authors":"Shayan Tariq Jan, Akif Zia Khan, Abdul Kashif Janjua, Z. Ahmad, N. Iqbal","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893438","url":null,"abstract":"The increase in solar system installation worldwide has forced engineers to improve the overall efficiency of the system. The system consists of a power conditioning unit mostly which compromises of converters and filters in addition to panels themselves. The paper presents the simulations and discussions upon the improvement of hard switching using GaN transistors with various loads and frequencies at 100v, ignoring the conduction losses.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"303 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113995363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7914133
Muhammad Nawaz, M. Saqib, S. A. Rahman Kashif, Zafar Ur Rehman Ch.
This paper explores Laguerre functions based model predictive control (MPC) of a current-source resonant inverter extensively used in induction heating applications. The classical MPC can be applied in these inverters but the main drawback of MPC is its weighty mathematical iterations. Hence, Laguerre functions based MPC approach is proposed in this work. The state space method is used to develop the proposed strategy. The Eigen values of the proposed controller are compared with the discrete-time linear quadratic regulator (DLQR). The Laguerre based MPC approach is then applied for the power control of the heating load.
{"title":"Orthonormal functions based model predictive control of a current-source resonant inverter","authors":"Muhammad Nawaz, M. Saqib, S. A. Rahman Kashif, Zafar Ur Rehman Ch.","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7914133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7914133","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores Laguerre functions based model predictive control (MPC) of a current-source resonant inverter extensively used in induction heating applications. The classical MPC can be applied in these inverters but the main drawback of MPC is its weighty mathematical iterations. Hence, Laguerre functions based MPC approach is proposed in this work. The state space method is used to develop the proposed strategy. The Eigen values of the proposed controller are compared with the discrete-time linear quadratic regulator (DLQR). The Laguerre based MPC approach is then applied for the power control of the heating load.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131037454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893425
Pervaiz Kareem, S. R. Naqvi, C. Kyung
A real-time and area-efficient hardware implementation of base-2 logarithm (log2) finds many applications. In this paper, we analyze previous shift and add-based approximations of logarithm. Based on the analysis we present a new two region add and shift-based method to approximate log2 in hardware. The proposed approach results in 81.55% less percentage error and 42.85% less average error compared to previously reported best two region based approximation approaches with comparable area cost and latency. The proposed method uses most significant four bits of fractional part of shift and add-based method with different weights to approximate fractional part of log2. Weights to these bits are assigned by simple addition, logical OR and logical AND operation to make hardware implementation more efficient.
{"title":"A low error add and shift-based efficient implementation of base-2 logarithm","authors":"Pervaiz Kareem, S. R. Naqvi, C. Kyung","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893425","url":null,"abstract":"A real-time and area-efficient hardware implementation of base-2 logarithm (log2) finds many applications. In this paper, we analyze previous shift and add-based approximations of logarithm. Based on the analysis we present a new two region add and shift-based method to approximate log2 in hardware. The proposed approach results in 81.55% less percentage error and 42.85% less average error compared to previously reported best two region based approximation approaches with comparable area cost and latency. The proposed method uses most significant four bits of fractional part of shift and add-based method with different weights to approximate fractional part of log2. Weights to these bits are assigned by simple addition, logical OR and logical AND operation to make hardware implementation more efficient.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116475079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893431
H. U. Butt, S. Kashif
The objective of this paper is to improve and makes the algorithm of three phase direct matrix converter more efficient. This paper presents a novel and efficient way to reduce the number of computational cycles by efficient implementation of space vector PWM of three phase direct matrix converter algorithm. The output voltage and input current waveforms with their total harmonic distortion and hardware results using the proposed method are also shown. The effect of choosing PWM frequency on total harmonic distortion of output voltage is also discussed in the paper.
{"title":"Efficient implementation of space vector PWM for three phase direct matrix converter","authors":"H. U. Butt, S. Kashif","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893431","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to improve and makes the algorithm of three phase direct matrix converter more efficient. This paper presents a novel and efficient way to reduce the number of computational cycles by efficient implementation of space vector PWM of three phase direct matrix converter algorithm. The output voltage and input current waveforms with their total harmonic distortion and hardware results using the proposed method are also shown. The effect of choosing PWM frequency on total harmonic distortion of output voltage is also discussed in the paper.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133824708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893445
A. Küçüker, T. Kamal, S. Z. Hassan, Hui Li, Gussan MaazMufti, M. Waseem
This paper deals with the design and control of a micro-grid, including various alternative energy resources (photovoltaic and wind) and battery energy storage system which operates in stand-alone as well as in grid-connected mode. The proposed micro-grid is controlled via various non-isolated converters while an energy management is performed through switching based algorithm. According to the strategy, the wind is used as the primary power source while the Photovoltaic (PV) is added to improve the reliability of system under different weather conditions. The battery module is utilized as an energy storage system during surplus power and/or backup device during demand. The proposed system used real record of weather pattern and load conditions for a small community at Islamabad, Pakistan. This city is gifted with several natural resources that can generate a significant amount of power energy for the region. MATLAB simulation results show the effectiveness of proposed system in terms of grid stability, power sharing, load tracking and power quality.
{"title":"Design and control of photovoltaic/wind/battery based microgrid system","authors":"A. Küçüker, T. Kamal, S. Z. Hassan, Hui Li, Gussan MaazMufti, M. Waseem","doi":"10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEE.2017.7893445","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with the design and control of a micro-grid, including various alternative energy resources (photovoltaic and wind) and battery energy storage system which operates in stand-alone as well as in grid-connected mode. The proposed micro-grid is controlled via various non-isolated converters while an energy management is performed through switching based algorithm. According to the strategy, the wind is used as the primary power source while the Photovoltaic (PV) is added to improve the reliability of system under different weather conditions. The battery module is utilized as an energy storage system during surplus power and/or backup device during demand. The proposed system used real record of weather pattern and load conditions for a small community at Islamabad, Pakistan. This city is gifted with several natural resources that can generate a significant amount of power energy for the region. MATLAB simulation results show the effectiveness of proposed system in terms of grid stability, power sharing, load tracking and power quality.","PeriodicalId":416187,"journal":{"name":"2017 International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121452785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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