首页 > 最新文献

Mexican Law Review最新文献

英文 中文
Understanding the Rise of Mexican Migration to Canada 了解墨西哥移民加拿大的兴起
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2019.1.13128
Jisong Jian, Abdou Chekaraou Ibrahim
This article shows that the number of people seeking asylum in Canada from Mexico continues and has increased at an exponential rate. Canada has become a favorite destination for Mexican asylum seekers while Canada accepts their claims at an alarmingly low rate compared to those from other nations. We argue that the reason Mexicans choose Canada to claim refugee status is due to Canada’s long history of open immigration policies and especially its economic and temporary labor agreements. These policies give the impression to Mexicans that they are welcome in Canada. This proved to be untrue when Canada changed its immigration and refugee policies in response, specifically, to the overwhelming number of Mexican refugee claims.
这篇文章表明,从墨西哥到加拿大寻求庇护的人数仍在继续,并以指数级的速度增加。加拿大已成为墨西哥寻求庇护者最喜欢的目的地,而与其他国家相比,加拿大接受他们申请的比率低得惊人。我们认为,墨西哥人选择加拿大申请难民身份的原因是加拿大长期以来开放的移民政策,尤其是其经济和临时劳工协议。这些政策给墨西哥人的印象是,他们在加拿大受到欢迎。事实证明,当加拿大改变其移民和难民政策,特别是针对大量墨西哥难民申请时,这是不真实的。
{"title":"Understanding the Rise of Mexican Migration to Canada","authors":"Jisong Jian, Abdou Chekaraou Ibrahim","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2019.1.13128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2019.1.13128","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows that the number of people seeking asylum in Canada from Mexico continues and has increased at an exponential rate. Canada has become a favorite destination for Mexican asylum seekers while Canada accepts their claims at an alarmingly low rate compared to those from other nations. We argue that the reason Mexicans choose Canada to claim refugee status is due to Canada’s long history of open immigration policies and especially its economic and temporary labor agreements. These policies give the impression to Mexicans that they are welcome in Canada. This proved to be untrue when Canada changed its immigration and refugee policies in response, specifically, to the overwhelming number of Mexican refugee claims.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44122621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Did Nafta Help Mexico? An Update After 23 Years 北美自由贸易协定帮助了墨西哥吗?23年后的更新
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2018-06-21 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12515
M. Weisbrot, L. Merling, V. Mello, Stéphane Lefebvre, Joseph Sammut
This note compares the performance of the Mexican economy with that of the rest of the region over 23 years, since NAFTA took effect, based on the available economic and social indicators. Among the results, it finds that Mexico ranks 15th out of 20 Latin American countries in growth of real GDP per person, the most basic economic measure of living standards; Mexico’s poverty rate in 2014 was higher than the poverty rate of 1994; and real wages (inflation-adjusted) were almost the same in 2014 as in 1994. It also notes that if NAFTA had been successful in restoring Mexico’s pre-1980 growth rate —when developmentalist economic policies were the norm— Mexico today would be a high-income country, with income per person comparable to Western European countries. If not for Mexico’s long-term economic failure, including the 23 years since NAFTA, it is unlikely that immigration from Mexico would have become a major political issue in the United States, since relatively few Mexicans would seek to cross the border.
本说明根据现有的经济和社会指标,比较了自北美自由贸易协定生效以来23年来墨西哥与该区域其他国家的经济表现。结果显示,在20个拉美国家中,墨西哥的人均实际GDP增长率(衡量生活水平的最基本经济指标)排名第15位;墨西哥2014年的贫困率高于1994年的贫困率;2014年的实际工资(经通胀调整后)与1994年几乎相同。报告还指出,如果北美自由贸易协定成功地使墨西哥恢复到1980年以前的增长率——当时发展主义经济政策是常态——那么今天的墨西哥将是一个高收入国家,人均收入可与西欧国家相媲美。如果不是因为墨西哥长期的经济失败,包括自北美自由贸易协定签署以来的23年,墨西哥移民不太可能成为美国的一个重大政治问题,因为相对而言,很少有墨西哥人会寻求越过边境。
{"title":"Did Nafta Help Mexico? An Update After 23 Years","authors":"M. Weisbrot, L. Merling, V. Mello, Stéphane Lefebvre, Joseph Sammut","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12515","url":null,"abstract":"This note compares the performance of the Mexican economy with that of the rest of the region over 23 years, since NAFTA took effect, based on the available economic and social indicators. Among the results, it finds that Mexico ranks 15th out of 20 Latin American countries in growth of real GDP per person, the most basic economic measure of living standards; Mexico’s poverty rate in 2014 was higher than the poverty rate of 1994; and real wages (inflation-adjusted) were almost the same in 2014 as in 1994. It also notes that if NAFTA had been successful in restoring Mexico’s pre-1980 growth rate —when developmentalist economic policies were the norm— Mexico today would be a high-income country, with income per person comparable to Western European countries. If not for Mexico’s long-term economic failure, including the 23 years since NAFTA, it is unlikely that immigration from Mexico would have become a major political issue in the United States, since relatively few Mexicans would seek to cross the border.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42772459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Reforming Mexico’s Anti-Trafficking in Persons Legislation 改革墨西哥反人口贩运立法
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2018-06-21 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12509
Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera, Arthur Sanders Montandon
In the past few years, Mexico has taken a number of measures to further prevention, protection, and prosecution of trafficking in persons. The country’s government has signed international anti-trafficking conventions and has taken some aspects of widely accepted international definitions of this crime as a reference when drafting its anti-trafficking legislation. However, Mexican lawmakers have interpreted human trafficking in their own terms. Mexico’s current anti-trafficking legislation is based on a quite broad definition of trafficking in persons and shows serious limitations that have led to the misidentification of victims and traffickers, as well as to re-victimization. This adds to Mexico’s weak rule of law, corruption, and the involvement of interest groups with particular agendas/ideologies that have obstructed reform. The present analysis demonstrates the imperative necessity to modify the current anti-trafficking legislation in Mexico and provides some basic suggestions for this much-needed reform.
在过去几年中,墨西哥采取了一些措施,进一步预防、保护和起诉贩运人口。该国政府签署了国际反贩运公约,并在起草反贩运立法时参考了广泛接受的这一罪行的国际定义的某些方面。然而,墨西哥立法者用他们自己的方式来解释人口贩卖。墨西哥目前的反贩运立法是基于对人口贩运的一个相当宽泛的定义,并显示出严重的局限性,导致对受害者和贩运者的错误识别,以及再次受害。这加剧了墨西哥的法治薄弱、腐败以及具有特定议程/意识形态的利益集团的参与,这些都阻碍了改革。本分析表明修改墨西哥现行反贩运立法的迫切必要性,并为这一急需的改革提供了一些基本建议。
{"title":"Reforming Mexico’s Anti-Trafficking in Persons Legislation","authors":"Guadalupe Correa-Cabrera, Arthur Sanders Montandon","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12509","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, Mexico has taken a number of measures to further prevention, protection, and prosecution of trafficking in persons. The country’s government has signed international anti-trafficking conventions and has taken some aspects of widely accepted international definitions of this crime as a reference when drafting its anti-trafficking legislation. However, Mexican lawmakers have interpreted human trafficking in their own terms. Mexico’s current anti-trafficking legislation is based on a quite broad definition of trafficking in persons and shows serious limitations that have led to the misidentification of victims and traffickers, as well as to re-victimization. This adds to Mexico’s weak rule of law, corruption, and the involvement of interest groups with particular agendas/ideologies that have obstructed reform. The present analysis demonstrates the imperative necessity to modify the current anti-trafficking legislation in Mexico and provides some basic suggestions for this much-needed reform.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48030952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Right to Self-Determination of Peoples: Notes on its Compatibility With Three Models of Global Order 民族自决权:试论其与三种全球秩序模式的兼容性
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2018-06-21 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12512
Francisco Martinez Cruz
The right to self-determination has become an increasing legitimate demand of peoples seeking recognition and autonomy. In the beginning, this right was conceived in favor of peoples that depended on colonial powers, but today it has become a claim of any people that considers itself a people, as in the case of indigenous peoples or non-colonized peoples. This concept of the right to self-determination seems to be the path leading to a more heterogeneous world. Conversely, the rise of various problems that affect us globally seems to require the creation of international political institutions capable of solving these problems, which would most likely lead us toward a more homogeneous global order. Although both tendencies have powerful reasons that make them irreversible, it is not clear how they can co-exist. In this article, the author discusses whether a broad notion of the right to self-determination is compatible with three different models of global order proposed by Thomas Christiano, Rafael Domingo, and James Bohman, respectively.
自决权已成为寻求承认和自治的各国人民日益增长的合法要求。一开始,这项权利被设想为有利于依赖殖民列强的人民,但今天它已成为任何认为自己是人民的人民的要求,例如土著人民或未被殖民的人民。自决权利的这一概念似乎是通向一个更加多样化的世界的道路。相反,在全球范围内影响我们的各种问题的出现似乎要求建立能够解决这些问题的国际政治机构,这很可能将我们引向一个更加同质化的全球秩序。尽管这两种趋势都有强大的理由使它们不可逆转,但它们如何能够共存尚不清楚。在本文中,作者讨论了广泛的自决权概念是否与托马斯·克里斯蒂亚诺(Thomas Christiano)、拉斐尔·多明戈(Rafael Domingo)和詹姆斯·博曼(James Bohman)分别提出的三种不同的全球秩序模式相容。
{"title":"The Right to Self-Determination of Peoples: Notes on its Compatibility With Three Models of Global Order","authors":"Francisco Martinez Cruz","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12512","url":null,"abstract":"The right to self-determination has become an increasing legitimate demand of peoples seeking recognition and autonomy. In the beginning, this right was conceived in favor of peoples that depended on colonial powers, but today it has become a claim of any people that considers itself a people, as in the case of indigenous peoples or non-colonized peoples. This concept of the right to self-determination seems to be the path leading to a more heterogeneous world. Conversely, the rise of various problems that affect us globally seems to require the creation of international political institutions capable of solving these problems, which would most likely lead us toward a more homogeneous global order. Although both tendencies have powerful reasons that make them irreversible, it is not clear how they can co-exist. In this article, the author discusses whether a broad notion of the right to self-determination is compatible with three different models of global order proposed by Thomas Christiano, Rafael Domingo, and James Bohman, respectively.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43135189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unpacking the Mexican Federal Judiciary: An Inner Look at the Ethos of the Judicial Branch 揭开墨西哥联邦司法机构的面纱:司法部门的道德观
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2018-06-21 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12511
G. Ferreyra
Based on 45 interviews conducted in 6 different jurisdictions in Mexico, this article presents a close examination of the distinctive attributes and practices that characterize the Mexican Federal Judiciary (Poder Judicial Federal). Interviewees included typists, clerks and court clerks, judges, and justices, as well as scholars and experts with an in-depth knowledge of this institution. From an insider perspective, the article sheds light on idiosyncrasies, customs, and organizational patterns that are not well known outside the MFJ, such as its strong hierarchical structure, the nature of the work done, employee salaries, the practices of legalism, the risks of drug-related trials, and structural gender inequalities. It also discusses phenomena like influence peddling, cronyism, and nepotism, all of which are widely practiced within the MFJ but kept undisclosed. These practices do not necessarily have a negative connotation within the federal judiciary because they have become normalized due to their widespread use. In fact, the notion of corruption is somehow ambiguous for many judicial employees. Despite all this, the MFJ has become a more professionalized branch where the vast majority of employees performed their job competently and efficiently.
基于在墨西哥6个不同司法管辖区进行的45次访谈,本文对墨西哥联邦司法机构(Poder Judicial Federal)的独特属性和实践进行了深入研究。受访者包括打字员、书记员和法院书记员、法官和法官,以及对这个机构有深入了解的学者和专家。从内部人士的角度来看,本文揭示了MFJ之外不为人所知的特质、习俗和组织模式,例如其强大的等级结构、所做工作的性质、员工工资、法律主义的做法、与药物相关的试验的风险以及结构性的性别不平等。它还讨论了诸如以权谋私、任人唯亲和裙带关系等现象,所有这些现象都在MFJ内部广泛存在,但没有公开。这些做法在联邦司法系统内并不一定具有负面含义,因为它们由于广泛使用而变得正常化。事实上,对于许多司法人员来说,腐败的概念在某种程度上是模糊的。尽管如此,MFJ已经成为一个更加专业化的分支机构,绝大多数员工都能胜任并高效地完成工作。
{"title":"Unpacking the Mexican Federal Judiciary: An Inner Look at the Ethos of the Judicial Branch","authors":"G. Ferreyra","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.1.12511","url":null,"abstract":"Based on 45 interviews conducted in 6 different jurisdictions in Mexico, this article presents a close examination of the distinctive attributes and practices that characterize the Mexican Federal Judiciary (Poder Judicial Federal). Interviewees included typists, clerks and court clerks, judges, and justices, as well as scholars and experts with an in-depth knowledge of this institution. From an insider perspective, the article sheds light on idiosyncrasies, customs, and organizational patterns that are not well known outside the MFJ, such as its strong hierarchical structure, the nature of the work done, employee salaries, the practices of legalism, the risks of drug-related trials, and structural gender inequalities. It also discusses phenomena like influence peddling, cronyism, and nepotism, all of which are widely practiced within the MFJ but kept undisclosed. These practices do not necessarily have a negative connotation within the federal judiciary because they have become normalized due to their widespread use. In fact, the notion of corruption is somehow ambiguous for many judicial employees. Despite all this, the MFJ has become a more professionalized branch where the vast majority of employees performed their job competently and efficiently.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2018-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43070738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Amparos Filed by Indigenous Communities Against Mining Concessions in Mexico: Implications for a Shift in Ecological Law 墨西哥土著社区对采矿特许权提出的诉讼:对生态法律转变的影响
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11891
Carla Sbert Carlsson
Four indigenous communities in Mexico have initiated amparos seeking constitutional protection against mining concessions that have allegedly violated their constitutional rights. In addition to their significant implications for indigenous rights in Mexico, these amparos are part of a growing reaction against laws that prioritize mining interests over community land uses and ecological values. This article explores the relationship of these cases with a new legal paradigm that is emerging in response to the inability of environmental law to adequately address the deepening ecological crisis: ecological law. From an ecological law perspective, these amparos are of interest because of the possibility for courts to give priority to indigenous values ascribing spiritual, ecological and relational meanings to the land and its resources, over economic interests seeking to exploit the land and resources for commercial gain without regard to ecological limits. The article introduces a “lens of ecological law” conceived to understand the nature of the required shift from the current law to ecological law, and then examines the amparo filed by the community of San Miguel del Progreso–Juba Wajiin from this standpoint. The analysis shows that the provisions of the Mining Law challenged by the amparo pose serious obstacles for ecological law (prioritizing mining over any other land use), and it points to certain synergies between indigenous rights and ecological law. While the SCJN did not examine the merits of the amparo because the concessions had been withdrawn, the amparo offers insights into the challenges facing a shift away from the current legal paradigm.
墨西哥的四个土著社区已发起宪法保护,寻求宪法保护,反对据称侵犯其宪法权利的采矿特许权。除了对墨西哥土著居民权利的重大影响外,这些宪法保障条款也是反对将采矿利益置于社区土地使用和生态价值之上的法律的一部分。本文探讨了这些案例与一种新的法律范式之间的关系,这种法律范式是为了应对环境法无法充分解决日益加深的生态危机而出现的:生态法。从生态法的角度来看,这些宪法保护条款是有意义的,因为法院有可能优先考虑土著价值,赋予土地及其资源精神、生态和关系意义,而不是寻求开发土地和资源以获取商业利益而不考虑生态限制的经济利益。本文引入“生态法的视角”,以理解从现行法律到生态法律的必要转变的本质,然后从这个角度审视圣米格尔del progresso - juba Wajiin社区提起的宪法保护诉讼。分析表明,受到宪法保护令挑战的《采矿法》条款对生态法律(优先考虑采矿而不是其他任何土地使用)构成严重障碍,并指出土著权利与生态法律之间的某些协同作用。虽然SCJN没有审查宪法权利保护令的优点,因为特许权已经撤销,但宪法权利保护令提供了对从当前法律范式转变所面临的挑战的见解。
{"title":"Amparos Filed by Indigenous Communities Against Mining Concessions in Mexico: Implications for a Shift in Ecological Law","authors":"Carla Sbert Carlsson","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11891","url":null,"abstract":"Four indigenous communities in Mexico have initiated amparos seeking constitutional protection against mining concessions that have allegedly violated their constitutional rights. In addition to their significant implications for indigenous rights in Mexico, these amparos are part of a growing reaction against laws that prioritize mining interests over community land uses and ecological values. This article explores the relationship of these cases with a new legal paradigm that is emerging in response to the inability of environmental law to adequately address the deepening ecological crisis: ecological law. From an ecological law perspective, these amparos are of interest because of the possibility for courts to give priority to indigenous values ascribing spiritual, ecological and relational meanings to the land and its resources, over economic interests seeking to exploit the land and resources for commercial gain without regard to ecological limits. The article introduces a “lens of ecological law” conceived to understand the nature of the required shift from the current law to ecological law, and then examines the amparo filed by the community of San Miguel del Progreso–Juba Wajiin from this standpoint. The analysis shows that the provisions of the Mining Law challenged by the amparo pose serious obstacles for ecological law (prioritizing mining over any other land use), and it points to certain synergies between indigenous rights and ecological law. While the SCJN did not examine the merits of the amparo because the concessions had been withdrawn, the amparo offers insights into the challenges facing a shift away from the current legal paradigm.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"3-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41756127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
The Subalternization of a Progressive Legal Project: The Rights of Nature in Ecuador 进步法律计划的次择化:厄瓜多尔的自然权利
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11895
Laura Nieto Sanabria
In this note, the author uses the categories of subalternity and hegemony, proposed by Antonio Gramsci, in order to analyze the political process that emerged with the proclamation of the Rights of Nature in the Constitution of Montecristi, the new Constitution of Ecuador that came into existence in 2008. Out of the understanding that every legislative process arises from a political project within a historical bloc with specific interactions between forces, the Alianza Pais political project has searched for new ways of approaching the human-nature relationship through the “Revolucion Ciudadana” in order to avoid the exploitation and commercialization of nature. Nonetheless, the Rights of Nature initiative has received much criticism from many fields: 1) the false distinction between nature and humanity; 2) the change from an obligation to take care of nature to rights of nature as a neoliberal danger; 3) the supposed liberation of nature within liberal market thinking. For that matter, the Rights of Nature can be understood as a political project that has been subalternized by the hegemonic political project within ecological thinking that goes hand-inhand with neoliberal politics, the so-called Green Economy. This hegemonic project in the ecological field is working towards the continuance of the exploitation and commercialization of nature and has become more powerful than the Rights of Nature initiative by using it to give entrance to green neoliberal projects in Ecuador.
在本说明中,作者使用了安东尼奥·葛兰西提出的从属和霸权类别,以分析随着《蒙特克里斯托宪法》(2008年生效的厄瓜多尔新宪法)中自然权利的宣布而出现的政治进程。出于对每一个立法过程都源于一个历史集团内的政治项目的理解,Alianza Pais的政治项目通过“城市革命”寻求处理人性关系的新途径,以避免自然的剥削和商业化。尽管如此,自然权利倡议还是受到了许多领域的批评:1)自然与人类之间的错误区分;2) 从照顾自然的义务转变为作为新自由主义危险的自然权利;3) 自由市场思想中所谓的自然解放。就这一点而言,自然权利可以被理解为一个政治项目,它被生态思维中的霸权政治项目所取代,该项目与新自由主义政治密切相关,即所谓的绿色经济。这一生态领域的霸权项目正致力于继续开发和商业化自然,并通过利用自然权利倡议为厄瓜多尔的绿色新自由主义项目提供入口,变得比自然权利倡议更强大。
{"title":"The Subalternization of a Progressive Legal Project: The Rights of Nature in Ecuador","authors":"Laura Nieto Sanabria","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11895","url":null,"abstract":"In this note, the author uses the categories of subalternity and hegemony, proposed by Antonio Gramsci, in order to analyze the political process that emerged with the proclamation of the Rights of Nature in the Constitution of Montecristi, the new Constitution of Ecuador that came into existence in 2008. Out of the understanding that every legislative process arises from a political project within a historical bloc with specific interactions between forces, the Alianza Pais political project has searched for new ways of approaching the human-nature relationship through the “Revolucion Ciudadana” in order to avoid the exploitation and commercialization of nature. Nonetheless, the Rights of Nature initiative has received much criticism from many fields: 1) the false distinction between nature and humanity; 2) the change from an obligation to take care of nature to rights of nature as a neoliberal danger; 3) the supposed liberation of nature within liberal market thinking. For that matter, the Rights of Nature can be understood as a political project that has been subalternized by the hegemonic political project within ecological thinking that goes hand-inhand with neoliberal politics, the so-called Green Economy. This hegemonic project in the ecological field is working towards the continuance of the exploitation and commercialization of nature and has become more powerful than the Rights of Nature initiative by using it to give entrance to green neoliberal projects in Ecuador.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"117-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42265717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding NAFTA’s ISDS: A Challenge for Mexican Attorneys 理解北美自由贸易协定的ISDS:对墨西哥律师的挑战
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11894
Rosa Haydee Castro Peña
In the context of the 20th anniversary of the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), this article will analyze its Chapter XI: Investor- State Dispute Settlement. Chapter XI embodies the investor’s real and practical experience under NAFTA rules. An examination of the historical record demonstrates that Mexican lawyers have been passive participants in defending investors’ rights. On the other side of the coin, Mexican investors have not been active participants in NAFTA’s Chapter XI, in contrast to Canadian and US investors. Finally, Mexico’s experience in international arbitration has not always been negative, but Mexico has been criticized for a lack of transparency and due process for foreign investors.
本文以《北美自由贸易协定》(NAFTA)缔结20周年为背景,分析其XI章:投资者与国家争端的解决。第XI章体现了投资者在北美自由贸易协定规则下的真实和实际经验。对历史记录的审查表明,墨西哥律师一直是保护投资者权利的被动参与者。另一方面,与加拿大和美国投资者相比,墨西哥投资者并不是北美自由贸易协定XI章的积极参与者。最后,墨西哥在国际仲裁方面的经验并不总是负面的,但墨西哥一直因缺乏透明度和对外国投资者的正当程序而受到批评。
{"title":"Understanding NAFTA’s ISDS: A Challenge for Mexican Attorneys","authors":"Rosa Haydee Castro Peña","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11894","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of the 20th anniversary of the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), this article will analyze its Chapter XI: Investor- State Dispute Settlement. Chapter XI embodies the investor’s real and practical experience under NAFTA rules. An examination of the historical record demonstrates that Mexican lawyers have been passive participants in defending investors’ rights. On the other side of the coin, Mexican investors have not been active participants in NAFTA’s Chapter XI, in contrast to Canadian and US investors. Finally, Mexico’s experience in international arbitration has not always been negative, but Mexico has been criticized for a lack of transparency and due process for foreign investors.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"89-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47945965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Application of Blank Criminal Law and the Principle of Legality: The Guatemalan Example 空白刑法的适用与合法性原则——以危地马拉为例
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11893
Lucas Martínez-Villalba
The following article aims to assess the applicability of “blank criminal laws” under positive legal systems, as well as the threat it represents for the nullum crimen sine lege principle. It discusses the approaches to this concept taken by different legal systems in Latin America, particularly in Guatemala, where this technique was recently used to include in a flagship sentence several Conventions in which the State is involved but which are not fully transcribed into the corresponding codes. “Blank criminal laws” are understood as incomplete laws that only establish a penalty, leaving it to another judicial rule the broader definition, and analysis. The article compares the application of such laws in different Latin American countries, and how each country addresses the possible collision with the principle of legality.
以下文章旨在评估“空白刑法”在积极法律制度下的适用性,以及它对法无明文不为罪原则的威胁。它讨论了拉丁美洲,特别是危地马拉的不同法律制度对这一概念所采取的方法,危地马拉最近使用这一技术将国家参与但未完全转录成相应法典的几项公约纳入旗舰句中。“空白刑法”被理解为只确立刑罚的不完整法律,将其留给另一种司法规则——更广泛的定义和分析。文章比较了这些法律在不同拉丁美洲国家的适用情况,以及每个国家如何处理可能与合法性原则相冲突的问题。
{"title":"The Application of Blank Criminal Law and the Principle of Legality: The Guatemalan Example","authors":"Lucas Martínez-Villalba","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11893","url":null,"abstract":"The following article aims to assess the applicability of “blank criminal laws” under positive legal systems, as well as the threat it represents for the nullum crimen sine lege principle. It discusses the approaches to this concept taken by different legal systems in Latin America, particularly in Guatemala, where this technique was recently used to include in a flagship sentence several Conventions in which the State is involved but which are not fully transcribed into the corresponding codes. “Blank criminal laws” are understood as incomplete laws that only establish a penalty, leaving it to another judicial rule the broader definition, and analysis. The article compares the application of such laws in different Latin American countries, and how each country addresses the possible collision with the principle of legality.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"67-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49563304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Modern Possibilities of Human Rights: A Critique of the Negative Critique of Law and Rights 人权的现代可能性——对法律与权利否定批判的批判
IF 0.1 Q3 LAW Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11896
Sergio Martín Tapia Argüello
This note analyzes the relations between human rights discourse and Critical Legal Theory, focusing on what can be called “the negative critique of law and rights”. Although the negative critique is important to any kind of critical approach (especially those which deal with something that seems beyond the possibilities of the critique), the note presents the multiple problems of the total rejection of human rights in contemporary societies.
本文分析了人权话语与批判法律理论之间的关系,重点分析了所谓的“对法律和权利的负面批判”。尽管消极批判对任何一种批判方法都很重要(尤其是那些处理似乎超出批判可能性的东西的方法),但本说明提出了当代社会完全拒绝人权的多重问题。
{"title":"The Modern Possibilities of Human Rights: A Critique of the Negative Critique of Law and Rights","authors":"Sergio Martín Tapia Argüello","doi":"10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22201/IIJ.24485306E.2018.20.11896","url":null,"abstract":"This note analyzes the relations between human rights discourse and Critical Legal Theory, focusing on what can be called “the negative critique of law and rights”. Although the negative critique is important to any kind of critical approach (especially those which deal with something that seems beyond the possibilities of the critique), the note presents the multiple problems of the total rejection of human rights in contemporary societies.","PeriodicalId":41684,"journal":{"name":"Mexican Law Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"139-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46292514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Mexican Law Review
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1